CN106246272A - A kind of multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain - Google Patents

A kind of multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106246272A
CN106246272A CN201610760110.7A CN201610760110A CN106246272A CN 106246272 A CN106246272 A CN 106246272A CN 201610760110 A CN201610760110 A CN 201610760110A CN 106246272 A CN106246272 A CN 106246272A
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heat
heat energy
nuclear power
power station
dynamic system
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郭远军
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/16—Evaporating by spraying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
    • F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F01K25/106—Ammonia
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
    • F01K27/02—Plants modified to use their waste heat, other than that of exhaust, e.g. engine-friction heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B5/00—Condensers employing a combination of the methods covered by main groups F28B1/00 and F28B3/00; Other condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/0206—Heat exchangers immersed in a large body of liquid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
    • H02N11/002—Generators

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain, including heat collector, gasification installation, turbine, condensing unit and one-way hydraulic pump pass sequentially through circulating line and realize circulation UNICOM, circulating line is contained within cycle fluid, heat collector and gasification installation is had to be arranged in nuclear power station hot type water channel, condensing unit is arranged on deep-water low-temperature district, condensing unit includes condensing tube, heat emission fan and multiple booster body, heat emission fan is arranged on above or below condensing tube, booster body is evenly distributed in the middle part of condensing tube step by step, the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain of the present invention has condensing rate faster, can reduce condensation row can, improve heat energy transformation efficiency, and it is stable, power adjustable.

Description

A kind of multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain
Technical field
The invention belongs to utilization of energy apparatus field, a kind of multi-stage booster condensation heat utilizing nuclear power station heat drain Motility system.
Background technology
The energy is the important substance basis that human society is depended on for existence and development.Make a general survey of the history of human social development, people The major progress each time of class civilization is all along with improvement and the replacement of the energy.The exploitation of the energy greatly advance the world Economy and the development of human society.
But along with the consumption that is continuously developed of the energy, the non-renewable energy resources such as oil, colliery, natural gas progressively tighten, energy The saving in source and recycling progressively is taken seriously.The substance of the energy strategy of current China is: adheres to economization at first, base oneself upon Domestic, diverse development, depend on science and technology, protect environment, strengthen international mutual beneficial co-operation, make great efforts to construct stable, economical, cleaning, safety Energy supply system, support the sustainable development of economic society with the sustainable development of the energy.
China implements the measure of energy conservation comprehensively: push structure adjusts, and accelerates the upgrading and optimization of industrial structure, sends out energetically Exhibition new high-tech industry and service trade, strictly limit highly energy-consuming, high consumptive material, highly water intensive industry development, eliminate the backward production facilities, and promotes The right-about of Economic Development Mode, accelerates to build energy-saving industrial system.Strengthen industrial energy saving, accelerate technological transformation, improve Management level, reduce energy resource consumption.Implement energy conservation project, encourage the popularization and application of energy-efficient product, greatly develop energy-saving Ground type building, improves efficiency of energy utilization, accelerates energy-saving monitoring and technical service system construction, strengthens energy-saving monitoring, innovation clothes Business platform.Strengthen management energy-conservation, actively push forward preferentially to purchase energy-conservation (including water saving) product, study and define and encourage energy-conservation property tax Policy.Advocate social energy conservation, conduct vigorous propaganda the significance saving the energy, constantly strengthen whole people's resource awareness of unexpected development and save meaning Know.
For response national energy-saving strategy, increasing enterprise starts research and development, uses energy-saving equipment, and strengthens discarded product Can thing, the utilization of waste heat energy.Wherein, utilize aspect at waste heat, mainly realize surplus energy utility by thermal generating equipment.Existing Some thermal generating equipments include plurality of classes, but can be divided mainly into two classes, and a class is to utilize turbine that heat energy is changed into machine Tool energy, then changes mechanical energy is become electric energy, the generating equipment of this kind of principle classification is the most ripe, and kind is many；Another kind of is to utilize Pyroelectric effect principle, is directly translated into electric potential energy by thermoelectric conversion element by heat energy, but due to for generation technology aspect not Maturation, electrical power is little, and manufacturing cost is high, and thermoelectric conversion efficiency is low, is mainly used in microelectronic.
Present stage, most enterprises is big due to complementary energy eliminating amount, in the utilization of waste heat, the most also needs to rely on above-mentioned first Class thermal generating equipment, changes into heat energy mechanical energy by turbine, then changes mechanical energy is become electric energy.Such heat existing Generating equipment can mainly include cycle fluid, heat collector, gasification installation, turbine, electromotor and condensing unit；During work, Cycle fluid first passes through gasification installation in circulating line, working medium is gasified and promotes turbine to rotate, and turbine drives to be sent out Electric power generation, the working medium after gasification, when by turbine, externally does work, and temperature and air pressure can reduce, and pass through condensing unit It is cooled to liquid refrigerant.
But, existing thermal generating equipment common problem is: a. is high to the temperature requirement of high temperature heat source, one As more than 200 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency is on the low side, and heat energy transformation efficiency is generally 15% to 35%；B. the hot type of condensing unit Amount is relatively big, and thermal waste is big, slow by the condensation rate of natural condensation mode, and use actively condensing mode (blower fan air-cooled or Liquid pump water-cooled) need extra power consumption；C. the problem that turbine easily occurs leaking working medium；D. secondary speed is unstable, and easily goes out Existing stuck problem；E. the Heat-collecting effect of heat collector is the best, and extraneous exhaust-heat absorption rate is little, and f. working medium gasification temperature is unstable, work Matter condensation effect is the best, and working medium is apt to deteriorate or impurity occurs；G. existing equipment volume is bigger.
On the other hand, along with international energy supply conditions day is becoming tight, in order to meet quickly increasing and more of electricity needs Protecting well environment, nuclear energy power generation causes the interest of various countries again.Internal authority mechanism predicts, in future 25 years, the whole world will Build the reactor of 90 to 300 1600 megawatts, welcome the new height phase of the construction of nuclear power station.
But, the development of nuclear power has also brought bigger worry, because the construction of nuclear power station and use, except right Environment shines into outside certain radioactive pollution, also can shine into high temperature pollution to closing on waters.Nuclear power station needs with substantial amounts of water pair Reactor cools down, and a nuclear power station water consumption per second reaches hundreds of ton, Mare Frigoris water or river and flows back to by after Factory Building heat exchange Marine, water temperature can raise up to twenty or thirty degree, and nuclear power heat drain is after discharge outlet is discharged, in can causing 1 kilometer of waters of circumference Water temperature rises up to 5 DEG C to 8 DEG C, summer Mare Frigoris water or the temperature of river when reaching 30 DEG C, after absorbing nuclear power station heat extraction, temperature can About 40 DEG C raised, general Fish and seaweed bio cannot be survived, and bring bigger high temperature shadow the most also to neighbouring resident Ring.
And for the heat energy in above-mentioned nuclear power station heat drain, owing to the temperature difference of heat drain Yu normal-temperature water only has about 20 DEG C The temperature difference, this kind of temperature difference is difficult to be utilized by existing thermal generating equipment.
Summary of the invention
The purpose that the present invention is to be realized is: the waste thermal energy of comprehensive utilization nuclear power station heat drain, the hot type amount of reduction and heat Can waste, improve heat energy transformation efficiency, stablize working medium gasification temperature and refrigerant flow rate, improve working medium quality, prevent working medium from going bad, Improve turbine structure, it is to avoid turbine is revealed and rotary speed unstabilization, improve condensing unit, accelerate condensing rate；To solve the above-mentioned back of the body In scape technology existing for existing thermal hardware: heat energy transformation efficiency is low, working medium gasification temperature is unstable, and working medium condensation effect is not Good, working medium is apt to deteriorate or impurity occurs, and refrigerant leakage easily occurs in turbine, and secondary speed is unstable and easily occurs Stuck, the thermal waste of condensing unit is big, condensing rate slow or needs the problems such as extra power consumption.
For solving its technical problem the technical solution adopted in the present invention it is: a kind of multistage increasing utilizing nuclear power station heat drain Pressure condensation dynamic system of heat energy, including heat collector, gasification installation, turbine, nuclear power station hot type water channel, condensing unit, circulation Pipeline, cycle fluid and one-way hydraulic pump, heat collector, gasification installation, turbine, condensing unit and one-way hydraulic pump lead to successively Crossing circulating line and realize circulation UNICOM, circulating line is contained within cycle fluid；
It is characterized in that: described heat collector and gasification installation are arranged in nuclear power station hot type water channel, and described condensing unit is arranged on Deep-water low-temperature district, described heat collector includes thermal-collecting tube and heat collecting sheet, and heat collecting sheet parallel interval is distributed, and thermal-collecting tube fold-type is distributed in In heat collecting sheet；Gasification installation includes gasify heat-absorbing chamber and gasification pressure controller, and gasification pressure controller is arranged in gasification heat-absorbing chamber, gasification Pressure controller is used for cycle fluid blood pressure lowering；Heat source temperature, high pressure liquid is reached after high-pressure liquid working medium fully heats in thermal-collecting tube State working medium flows into gasification heat-absorbing chamber, and the gasification pressure controller in gasification heat-absorbing chamber is controlled by pressure so that it is liquid refrigerant heat absorption gas Change, the blood pressure lowering acting in turbine of gasification working medium；This kind of structure, compared in thermal-collecting tube direct gasification, can be prevented effectively from gasification work Matter is mixed and has liquid refrigerant, working medium can be made to gasify evenly；
Described condensing unit includes condensing tube, heat emission fan and multiple booster body, and heat emission fan is arranged on above or below condensing tube, Booster body is evenly distributed in the middle part of condensing tube step by step；
Described booster body includes pressurized cylinder, piston, eccentric, air inlet, gas outlet, breather cheek valve, unidirectional air outlet valve and Gas-pressure adjustable valve, piston is arranged in pressurized cylinder, and piston is driven by eccentric by push rod, is provided with air inlet bottom pressurized cylinder And gas outlet, breather cheek valve is installed at air inlet, gas outlet is provided with unidirectional air outlet valve and gas-pressure adjustable valve；Use this knot Structure can reduce the pressure of turbine outlet, increases the pressure reduction with place of giving vent to anger at turbine inlet, thus increases expanding gas and exist Amount of work in turbine, and reduce the temperature of expanding gas, thus, this structure can produce preferable condensation effect, and improves heat The heat energy conversion ratio of motility system.
As optimizing further, between condensing unit and heat collector, it is additionally provided with contaminant filter pump.
As the further optimization of such scheme, between described gasification heat-absorbing chamber and thermal-collecting tube, it is additionally provided with atomizing mouth.
As the further optimization of such scheme, described gasification heat-absorbing chamber is ellipse cavity.
As the further optimization of such scheme, described gasification heat-absorbing chamber becomes tapered, the horizontal cross-section of gasification heat-absorbing chamber in Rhizoma Nelumbinis is poroid.
As the further optimization of such scheme, described gasification heat-absorbing chamber becomes polygon tapered, and the level of gasification heat-absorbing chamber is cut Face is all poroid in honeycomb.
As the further optimization of such scheme, described gasification heat-absorbing chamber is positioned at the upstream of nuclear power station hot type water channel, thermal-arrest Device is positioned at the downstream of nuclear power station hot type water channel.
The most concrete as such scheme optimizes, and turbine is conventional steam turbine.
The most concrete as such scheme optimizes, and turbine is the steam turbine comprising multistage blade.
The most concrete as such scheme optimizes, and turbine is tesla's turbine.
The most concrete as such scheme optimizes, and turbine is radial outward flow turbine.
The most concrete as such scheme optimizes, and the exhaust ports of described turbine is provided with precondenser；Take This structure can increase the pressure reduction of air inlet and air vent, improves the transformation efficiency of turbine.
The most concrete as such scheme optimizes, and described precondenser includes working medium conduction pipe and condensation endothermic tube, Working medium conduction pipe is used for connecting air vent and circulating line, and condensation endothermic tube turns on the heat of intraductal working medium for absorbing working medium, Working medium conduction pipe and condensation endothermic tube spiral paratactic contact, be heat recipient fluid in condensation endothermic tube, for increasing condensation efficiency, and heat absorption The flow direction of fluid is contrary with the flow direction of working medium conducting intraductal working medium.
The most concrete as such scheme optimizes, and described condensation endothermic tube uses UNICOM's one-way hydraulic pump and collection hot charging Circulating line between putting；Owing to the circulating line between one-way hydraulic pump and heat collector needs to absorb heat, and working medium conduction pipe Interior working medium needs heat extraction, and this structure recycles working medium heat in circulating line largely, increases thermal transition efficiency.
The most concrete as such scheme optimizes, and described condensing tube becomes oblique type to be distributed.
The most concrete as such scheme optimizes, and described condensing tube becomes horizontal or vertical distribution.
The most concrete as such scheme optimizes, and when described condensing tube becomes horizontal distribution, upper and lower layer condensing tube is mutual Stagger.
The most concrete as such scheme optimizes, and described condensing tube is copper metal tube or stability alloying metal Pipe.
The most concrete as such scheme optimizes, and described condensing tube is made by thermo-electric generation sheet, thermo-electric generation sheet Including sheet metal, p-type semiconductor, n-type semiconductor, dielectric substrate layer and output electrode, dielectric substrate layer is uniformly interspersed with p-type half Conductor and n-type semiconductor, equally distributed p-type semiconductor and n-type semiconductor connected by sheet metal, p-type semiconductor and N-shaped The series connection end at the whole story of quasiconductor connects output electrode respectively.
As optimizing further, the output electrode end of described thermo-electric generation sheet be connected with in turn manostat, booster transformer, Accumulator, accumulator is used for heat emission fan, the power supply of one-way hydraulic pump.
The most concrete as such scheme optimizes, in order to avoid the working medium of liquefaction uncooled in condensing tube enters unidirectional Hydraulic pump, condensing tube tail end is provided with catch box.
The most concrete as such scheme optimizes, and in order to accelerate heat radiation, condensing unit is additionally provided with fin.
The most concrete as such scheme optimizes, and described cycle fluid uses propanol.
The most concrete as such scheme optimizes, and described cycle fluid uses methanol.
The most concrete as such scheme optimizes, and described cycle fluid uses ethanol.
The most concrete as such scheme optimizes, and described cycle fluid uses isopropanol.
The most concrete as such scheme optimizes, and described cycle fluid uses liquefied ammonia.
The most concrete as such scheme optimizes, and described cycle fluid uses conventional freon.
The most concrete as such scheme optimizes, and is additionally provided with working medium actuator between turbine and condensing unit, Described working medium actuator includes turbine current limiter and pressure voltage stabilizing pressure controller, and turbine current limiter includes turbine structure and secondary speed Controller, pressure voltage stabilizing pressure controller includes slow pressure storage stream cylinder gentle pressure piston and barostat, the top connection of slow pressure storage stream cylinder Logical circulating line, the bottom UNICOM barostat of slow pressure storage stream cylinder, slow pressure piston is arranged in slow pressure storage stream cylinder；Work as circulation pipe When in road, the pressure of working medium or flow velocity change, turbine current limiter can realize flow velocity by limiting the rotation of turbine structure Limiting, part working medium can be postponed and pressed storage stream cylinder outflow or flow into expansion or the compression realizing volume simultaneously, thus the stable pressure of realization Strong effect.
Operation principle: the described multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain of this invention, during work, Cycle fluid absorbs heat the heat source temperature that reaches a high temperature in heat collector, then flows in gasification installation, makes it by blood pressure lowering in a small amount Gasification heat absorption, flows to turbine after working medium gasification, drives rotating turbine；After gasification working medium flows through turbine, owing to externally doing Merit, its Temperature of Working and air pressure all can reduce, and cause part working medium to liquefy；After gasification working medium flows through turbine, working medium is successively Flow to working medium actuator and condensing unit；Working medium actuator is for controlling the pressure of working medium, flow velocity in circulating line, and working medium regulates Device can regulate working medium condensing temperature or gasification temperature according to heat absorption district of the external world and the temperature conditions of heat release zone, it is thus possible to effectively Improve heat energy transformation efficiency；Working medium can be liquefied by condensing unit completely；After liquefaction, working medium sequentially passes through contaminant filter pump and unidirectional Hydraulic pump, contaminant filter pump can by contaminant filter in working medium out, and working medium is carried out unidirectional pumping supercharging by one-way hydraulic pump；Liquefaction After rear working medium sequentially passes through contaminant filter pump and one-way hydraulic pump, and it is again introduced into gasification installation, completes a circulation.
The multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain of the present invention passes through in condensing unit Booster body is set step by step, it is possible to decrease the pressure of turbine outlet, increases the pressure reduction with place of giving vent to anger at turbine inlet, thus Increase expanding gas amount of work in the turbine, and reduce the temperature of expanding gas largely；Thus, this structure can produce Preferably condensation effect, and improve the heat energy conversion ratio of dynamic system of heat energy.
Beneficial effect: the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain of the present invention, relatively Heat energy machine of the prior art, has advantage and the progress of following several respects: 1. by setting up booster body in condensing unit, Increase the amount of work of gas turbine, can improve condensing rate largely, reduce condensation power consumption, and improve system heat energy and turn Rate；2. by setting up precondenser, it is possible to increase air inlet and the pressure reduction of air vent in turbine, and working medium can be recycled Heat energy, it is achieved heat absorption and heat rejection process to cycle fluid difference section comprehensively utilize, reduces thermal waste and cooling consumption Energy；3., by setting up contaminant filter pump and one-way hydraulic pump, can effectively prevent working medium rotten and more impurity occurs, and preventing Working medium refluxes；4., by setting up working medium actuator, pressure and flow to working medium are controlled, can be effectively improved gasification usefulness and Condensation efficiency, and stablize working medium gasification temperature and refrigerant flow rate, prevent sealing member deformation bigger, it is to avoid secondary speed shakiness and work Matter leakage problem；5. condensing tube uses thermo-electric generation sheet make, the temperature difference calorific potential utilizing condensation process can be divided, improve heat energy and turn Change efficiency, and utilize the interior electric current produced of thermo-electric generation sheet to accelerate thermal energy conduction speed；6. fully utilize nuclear power station thermal wastewater, Thermal wastewater is had certain cooling, protects environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the Integral connection structure schematic diagram of the present invention program one；
Fig. 2 is the nuclear power station hot type water channel structural representation of the present invention program one；
Fig. 3 is the condensing unit attachment structure schematic diagram of the present invention program one；
Fig. 4 is the booster body structural representation of the present invention program one；
Fig. 5 is the gasification heat-absorbing chamber structural representation of the present invention program one；
Fig. 6 is the heat collector structural representation of the present invention program two；
Fig. 7 is the heat collector structural representation of the present invention program three；
Fig. 8 is the gasification pressure controller structural representation of the present invention program four；
Fig. 9 is the atomizing mouth mounting connection structure schematic diagram of the present invention program five；
Figure 10 is the gasification heat-absorbing chamber cross section structure schematic diagram of the present invention program six；
Figure 11 is the gasification heat-absorbing chamber cross section structure schematic diagram of the present invention program seven；
Figure 12 is the Integral connection structure schematic diagram of the present invention program 11；
Figure 13 is the working medium controller structure schematic diagram of the present invention program 11；
Figure 14 is the precondenser structural representation of the present invention program 12；
Figure 15 is the precondenser attachment structure schematic diagram of the present invention program 13；
Figure 16 is the condensing unit vertical cross section structural representation of the present invention program 14；
Figure 17 is the condensing unit vertical cross section structural representation of the present invention program 15；
Figure 18 is the condensing unit vertical cross section structural representation of the present invention program 16；
Figure 19 is the thermo-electric generation chip architecture schematic diagram of the present invention program 17；
In figure:
1 be heat collector, 11 be thermal-collecting tube, 12 for heat collecting sheet；
2 be gasification installation, 21 for gasification heat-absorbing chamber, 22 for gasification pressure controller, 221 for differential pressure control valve, 222 for gasification pressure sense Answer device, 23 for atomizing mouth；
3 be turbine, 36 for precondenser, 361 for working medium conduction pipe, 362 for condensation endothermic tube；
4 is nuclear power station hot type water channel；
5 be condensing unit, 51 be condensing tube, 511 be thermo-electric generation sheet, 512 be sheet metal, 513 be p-type semiconductor, 514 for n Type quasiconductor, 515 be dielectric substrate layer, 516 be output electrode, 517 be manostat, 518 be booster transformer, 519 for electric power storage Pond, 52 be heat emission fan, 53 for booster body, 531 for pressurized cylinder, 532 for piston, 533 for eccentric, 534 for air inlet, 535 For gas outlet, 536 be breather cheek valve, 537 for unidirectional air outlet valve, 538 for gas-pressure adjustable valve, 54 for catch box, 55 for heat radiation Sheet；
6 is circulating line；
7 is cycle fluid；
8 is contaminant filter pump；
9 is one-way hydraulic pump；
10 be working medium actuator, 101 be turbine current limiter, 102 be pressure voltage stabilizing pressure controller, 103 be turbine structure, 104 for whirlpool Wheel speed controller, 105 be slow pressure storage stream cylinder, 106 be slow pressure piston, 107 be barostat.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete Describe wholely；Obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments.Based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under not making creative work premise Embodiment, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment one (as shown in Figure 1): a kind of multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain, bag Include heat collector 1, gasification installation 2, turbine 3, nuclear power station hot type water channel 4, condensing unit 5, circulating line 6, cycle fluid 7 and One-way hydraulic pump 9, heat collector 1, gasification installation 2, turbine 3, condensing unit 5 and one-way hydraulic pump 9 pass sequentially through circulation pipe Road 6 realizes circulation UNICOM, and circulating line 6 is contained within cycle fluid 7, the biomass gasification boiler of working medium in gasification installation 2；
(as shown in Figure 2) in described heat collector 1 and gasification installation 2 are arranged on nuclear power station hot type water channel 4, described condensing unit 5 Being arranged on deep-water low-temperature district, described heat collector 1 includes thermal-collecting tube 11 and heat collecting sheet 12, and heat collecting sheet 12 parallel interval is distributed, collection Heat pipe 11 fold-type is distributed in heat collecting sheet 12；Gasification installation 2 includes gasify heat-absorbing chamber 21 and gasification pressure controller 22, and gasify pressure controller 22 are arranged in gasification heat-absorbing chamber 21, and gasification pressure controller 22 is for liquid refrigerant blood pressure lowering；When high-pressure liquid working medium is at thermal-collecting tube 11 Reaching heat source temperature after interior fully heating, high-pressure liquid working medium flows into gasification heat-absorbing chamber 21, the gasification control in heat-absorbing chamber 21 of gasifying Depressor 22 is controlled by pressure so that it is liquid refrigerant endothermic gasification, the blood pressure lowering acting in turbine 3 of gasification working medium；This kind of structure Compared in thermal-collecting tube 11 direct gasification, can be prevented effectively from gasification working medium to mix has liquid refrigerant, and working medium gasification can be made more equal Even；
(as shown in Figure 3) described condensing unit 5 includes condensing tube 51, heat emission fan 52 and multiple booster body 53, and condensing tube 51 is equal Even point of Multi-layers distributing, the mutual UNICOM of condensing tube 51, heat emission fan 52 is arranged on above or below condensing tube 51, and heat emission fan 52 is with convulsion Mode or pressure wind mode drive；
(as shown in Figure 4) described booster body 53 is evenly distributed in the middle part of condensing tube 51 step by step, and described booster body 53 includes increasing Cylinder pressure 531, piston 532, eccentric 533, air inlet 534, gas outlet 535, breather cheek valve 536, unidirectional air outlet valve 537 and can Regulating QI pressure valve 538, piston 532 is arranged in pressurized cylinder 531, and piston 532 is driven by eccentric 533 by push rod, pressurized cylinder 531 Bottom is provided with air inlet 534 and gas outlet 535, is provided with breather cheek valve 536 at air inlet 534, and gas outlet 535 is provided with Unidirectional air outlet valve 537 and gas-pressure adjustable valve 538；Use this structure can reduce the pressure in turbine 3 exit, increase turbine 3 With the pressure reduction located of giving vent to anger at air inlet, thus increase expanding gas amount of work in turbine 3, and reduce the temperature of expanding gas, Thus, this structure can produce preferable condensation effect, and improves the heat energy conversion ratio of dynamic system of heat energy.
As further illustrating of above-mentioned embodiment, between described condensing unit 5 and heat collector 1, it is additionally provided with impurity Filter pump 8.
As further illustrating of above-mentioned embodiment, (as shown in Figure 5) described gasification heat-absorbing chamber 21 is by multiple bodys also Row are formed.
As further illustrating of above-mentioned embodiment, described turbine 3 is conventional vane type steam turbine.
As further illustrating of above-mentioned embodiment, described condensing tube 51 tail end is provided with catch box 54.
As further illustrating of above-mentioned embodiment, described condensing unit 5 is additionally provided with fin 55.
As further illustrating of above-mentioned embodiment, described cycle fluid 7 uses liquefied ammonia.
By the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain in above-described embodiment one is carried out Experiment, enters the hot water of different temperatures to heat collector 1 and gasification installation 2, and sink temperature is 10 DEG C, and drainage rates is 3000L/ S, in circulation pipe, refrigerant flow rate condenses the operation stability of dynamic system of heat energy according to the multi-stage booster utilizing nuclear power station heat drain It is adjusted；Experiment effect is: when hot water temperature is about 40 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency is about 17%, and hot water temperature is 45 DEG C of left sides Time right, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 7%, and when hot water temperature is about 50 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 10%, and hot water temperature is 55 Time about DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 12%, and when hot water temperature is about 60 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 14.4%, this reality Execute the heat energy transformation efficiency of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain in example one than conventional heat energy (conventional heat energy machine, under the low-temperature heat source of 40-60 DEG C, heat energy efficiency is the lowest, and efficiency is less than 3%, the more difficult quilt of heat energy for engine Utilize) compare, the energy transformation efficiency ratio of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain of the present embodiment The heat energy transformation efficiency of conventional heat energy machine is high by about 7%；Meanwhile, the present embodiment utilizes the multi-stage booster of nuclear power station heat drain to condense Dynamic system of heat energy cooldown rate is fast, and hot driving is little, runs noise little, good operation stability, can realize power output simultaneously and adjust Joint.
Embodiment two (as shown in Fig. 6): be with embodiment one difference: the heat collecting sheet 12 of heat collector 1 is in curved surface Lamellar.
By the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain in above-described embodiment two is carried out Experiment, enters the hot water of different temperatures to heat collector 1 and gasification installation 2, and sink temperature is 10 DEG C, and drainage rates is 3000L/ S, in circulation pipe, refrigerant flow rate condenses the operation stability of dynamic system of heat energy according to the multi-stage booster utilizing nuclear power station heat drain It is adjusted；Experiment effect is: when hot water temperature is about 40 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency is about 17.5%, and hot water temperature is 45 DEG C During left and right, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 8%, and when hot water temperature is about 50 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 10.4%, hot water temperature When being about 55 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 12.4%, and when hot water temperature is about 60 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 14.8%, the present embodiment two utilizes the heat energy transformation efficiency ratio of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy of nuclear power station heat drain Conventional thermal energy power machine (conventional heat energy machine, under the low-temperature heat source of 40-60 DEG C, heat energy efficiency is the lowest, and efficiency is less than 3%, Heat energy is more difficult to be utilized) compare, the energy of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain of the present embodiment Transformation efficiency is higher by about 7.8% than the heat energy transformation efficiency of conventional heat energy machine.
Embodiment three (shown in Fig. 7): be with embodiment one difference: as described in heat collector 1 heat collecting sheet 12 in It is in staggered distribution.
By the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain in above-described embodiment three is carried out Experiment, enters the hot water of different temperatures to heat collector 1 and gasification installation 2, and sink temperature is 10 DEG C, and drainage rates is 3000L/ S, in circulation pipe, refrigerant flow rate condenses the operation stability of dynamic system of heat energy according to the multi-stage booster utilizing nuclear power station heat drain It is adjusted；Experiment effect is: when hot water temperature is about 40 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency is about 17.5%, and hot water temperature is 45 DEG C During left and right, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 8.4%, and when hot water temperature is about 50 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 10.6%, hot water temperature When degree is about 55 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 12.6%, and when hot water temperature is about 60 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 15%；The present embodiment three utilizes the heat energy transformation efficiency ratio of multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy of nuclear power station heat drain often (conventional heat energy machine, under the low-temperature heat source of 40-60 DEG C, heat energy efficiency is the lowest, and efficiency is less than 3%, heat for the thermal energy power machine of rule Can more difficult be utilized) to compare, the energy of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain of the present embodiment turns Change efficiency higher by about 6.2% than the heat energy transformation efficiency of conventional heat energy machine.
Embodiment four (as shown in Figure 8): be with embodiment one difference: described gasification pressure controller 22 includes pressure reduction control Valve 221 processed and gasification pressure induction apparatus 222, differential pressure control valve 221 is positioned at the front end of gasification heat-absorbing chamber 21, and gasify pressure induction apparatus 222 are positioned at gasification heat-absorbing chamber 21 rear end；Differential pressure control valve 221 is used for regulating pressure reduction, and gasification pressure induction apparatus 222 is used for sensing gas The pressure of working medium in change heat-absorbing chamber 21, when pressure is bigger, increases the pressure reduction of differential pressure control valve 221, when pressure is less, reduces The pressure reduction of differential pressure control valve 221, thus realize the pressure of gasification heat-absorbing chamber 21 is controlled.
By the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain in above-described embodiment four is carried out Experiment, enters the hot water of different temperatures to heat collector 1 and gasification installation 2, and sink temperature is 10 DEG C, and drainage rates is 3000L/ S, in circulation pipe, refrigerant flow rate condenses the operation stability of dynamic system of heat energy according to the multi-stage booster utilizing nuclear power station heat drain It is adjusted；Experiment effect is: when hot water temperature is about 40 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency is about 5%, and hot water temperature is 45 DEG C of left sides Time right, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 8.7%, and when hot water temperature is about 50 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 10.8%, hot water temperature When being about 55 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 13.2%, and when hot water temperature is about 60 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 16.2%, the present embodiment four utilizes the heat energy transformation efficiency ratio of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy of nuclear power station heat drain Conventional thermal energy power machine (conventional heat energy machine, under the low-temperature heat source of 40-60 DEG C, heat energy efficiency is the lowest, and efficiency is less than 3%, Heat energy is more difficult to be utilized) compare, the energy of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain of the present embodiment Transformation efficiency is higher by about 7.5% than the heat energy transformation efficiency of conventional heat energy machine.
Embodiment five (as shown in Figure 9): be with embodiment four difference: described gasification heat-absorbing chamber 21 and thermal-collecting tube 11 Between be additionally provided with atomizing mouth 23.
Tested by the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain of above-described embodiment five, Enter the hot water of different temperatures to heat collector 1 and gasification installation 2, sink temperature is 10 DEG C, and drainage rates is 3000L/s, follows The operation stability that in endless tube, refrigerant flow rate condenses dynamic system of heat energy according to the multi-stage booster utilizing nuclear power station heat drain is carried out Adjust；Experiment effect is: when hot water temperature is about 40 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency is about 6%, when hot water temperature is about 45 DEG C, Heat energy transformation efficiency is about 9.2%, and when hot water temperature is about 50 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 11.2%, and hot water temperature is 55 Time about DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 14%, and when hot water temperature is about 60 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 17%, this enforcement The heat energy transformation efficiency utilizing the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy of nuclear power station heat drain in example five moves than conventional heat energy (conventional heat energy machine, under the low-temperature heat source of 40-60 DEG C, heat energy efficiency is the lowest, and efficiency is less than 3%, and heat energy is more difficult sharp for power machine With) compare, the energy transformation efficiency of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain of the present embodiment is than often The heat energy transformation efficiency of rule heat energy machine is high by about 8%.
Embodiment six (as shown in Figure 10): be with embodiment five difference: the level of described gasification heat-absorbing chamber 21 is cut Face is that Rhizoma Nelumbinis is poroid.
By the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain in above-described embodiment six is carried out Experiment, enters the hot water of different temperatures to heat collector 1 and gasification installation 2, and sink temperature is 10 DEG C, and drainage rates is 3000L/ S, in circulation pipe, refrigerant flow rate condenses the operation stability of dynamic system of heat energy according to the multi-stage booster utilizing nuclear power station heat drain It is adjusted；Experiment effect is: when hot water temperature is about 40 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency is about 7%, and hot water temperature is 45 DEG C of left sides Time right, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 9.6%, and when hot water temperature is about 50 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 12%, and hot water temperature is When about 55 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 14.8%, and when hot water temperature is about 60 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 17.4%, The present embodiment six utilize the heat energy transformation efficiency of multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy of nuclear power station heat drain than routine (conventional heat energy machine, under the low-temperature heat source of 40-60 DEG C, heat energy efficiency is the lowest, and efficiency is less than 3%, and heat energy is relatively for thermal energy power machine Difficulty is utilized) compare, the present embodiment utilize nuclear power station heat drain multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy can convert effect Rate is higher by about 9.3% than the heat energy transformation efficiency of conventional heat energy machine.
Embodiment seven (as shown in figure 11): be with embodiment five difference: the level of described gasification heat-absorbing chamber 21 is cut Face is all poroid in honeycomb.
By the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain in above-described embodiment seven is carried out Experiment, enters the hot water of different temperatures to heat collector 1 and gasification installation 2, and sink temperature is 10 DEG C, and drainage rates is 3000L/ S, in circulation pipe, refrigerant flow rate condenses the operation stability of dynamic system of heat energy according to the multi-stage booster utilizing nuclear power station heat drain It is adjusted；Experiment effect is: when hot water temperature is about 40 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency is about 7.5%, and hot water temperature is 45 DEG C During left and right, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 9.8%, and when hot water temperature is about 50 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 12.2%, hot water temperature When degree is about 55 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 15.5%, and when hot water temperature is about 60 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 17.8%, the present embodiment seven utilizes the heat energy transformation efficiency ratio of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy of nuclear power station heat drain Conventional thermal energy power machine (conventional heat energy machine, under the low-temperature heat source of 40-60 DEG C, heat energy efficiency is the lowest, and efficiency is less than 3%, Heat energy is more difficult to be utilized) compare, the energy of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain of the present embodiment Transformation efficiency is higher by about 9% than the heat energy transformation efficiency of conventional heat energy machine.
Embodiment eight: be with embodiment seven difference: described turbine 3 is the steamturbine comprising multistage blade Machine.
By the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain in above-described embodiment eight is carried out Experiment, enters the hot water of different temperatures to heat collector 1 and gasification installation 2, and sink temperature is 10 DEG C, and drainage rates is 3000L/ S, in circulation pipe, refrigerant flow rate condenses the operation stability of dynamic system of heat energy according to the multi-stage booster utilizing nuclear power station heat drain It is adjusted；Experiment effect is: when hot water temperature is about 40 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency is about 8.7%, and hot water temperature is 45 DEG C During left and right, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 10.4%, and when hot water temperature is about 50 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 12.8%, hot water When temperature is about 55 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 16.6%, and when hot water temperature is about 60 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 18%, the present embodiment eight utilizes the heat energy transformation efficiency ratio of multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy of nuclear power station heat drain often (conventional heat energy machine, under the low-temperature heat source of 40-60 DEG C, heat energy efficiency is the lowest, and efficiency is less than 3%, heat for the thermal energy power machine of rule Can more difficult be utilized) to compare, the energy of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain of the present embodiment turns Change efficiency higher by about 10.8% than the heat energy transformation efficiency of conventional heat energy machine.
Embodiment nine: be with embodiment seven difference: described turbine 3 is tesla's turbine.
By the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain in above-described embodiment nine is carried out Experiment, enters the hot water of different temperatures to heat collector 1 and gasification installation 2, and sink temperature is 10 DEG C, and drainage rates is 3000L/ S, in circulation pipe, refrigerant flow rate condenses the operation stability of dynamic system of heat energy according to the multi-stage booster utilizing nuclear power station heat drain It is adjusted；Experiment effect is: when hot water temperature is about 40 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency is about 9%, and hot water temperature is 45 DEG C of left sides Time right, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 10.6%, and when hot water temperature is about 50 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 13%, hot water temperature When being about 55 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 16.8%, and when hot water temperature is about 60 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 18.4%, the present embodiment nine utilizes the heat energy transformation efficiency ratio of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy of nuclear power station heat drain Conventional thermal energy power machine (conventional heat energy machine, under the low-temperature heat source of 40-60 DEG C, heat energy efficiency is the lowest, and efficiency is less than 3%, Heat energy is more difficult to be utilized) compare, the energy of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain of the present embodiment Transformation efficiency is higher by about 11.4% than the heat energy transformation efficiency of conventional heat energy machine.
Embodiment ten: be with embodiment one difference: described turbine 3 is radial outward flow turbine.
By the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain in above-described embodiment ten is carried out Experiment, enters the hot water of different temperatures to heat collector 1 and gasification installation 2, and sink temperature is 10 DEG C, and drainage rates is 3000L/ S, in circulation pipe, refrigerant flow rate condenses the operation stability of dynamic system of heat energy according to the multi-stage booster utilizing nuclear power station heat drain It is adjusted；Experiment effect is: when hot water temperature is about 40 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency is about 8.7%, and hot water temperature is 45 DEG C During left and right, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 10.4%, and when hot water temperature is about 50 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 12.8%, hot water When temperature is about 55 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 16.8%, and when hot water temperature is about 60 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 18.1%, the present embodiment ten utilizes the heat energy transformation efficiency ratio of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy of nuclear power station heat drain Conventional thermal energy power machine (conventional heat energy machine, under the low-temperature heat source of 40-60 DEG C, heat energy efficiency is the lowest, and efficiency is less than 3%, Heat energy is more difficult to be utilized) compare, the energy of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain of the present embodiment Transformation efficiency is higher by about 11% than the heat energy transformation efficiency of conventional heat energy machine.
Embodiment 11 (shown in Figure 12 and 13): be with embodiment ten difference: as described in turbine 3 be centrifugal Working medium actuator 10 it is additionally provided with between turbine 3 and condensing unit 5 described in formula turbine；Working medium actuator 10 includes that turbine limits Stream device 101 and pressure voltage stabilizing pressure controller 102, turbine current limiter 101 includes turbine structure 103 and secondary speed controller 104, pressure Strong voltage stabilizing pressure controller 102 includes slow pressure storage stream cylinder 105 gentle pressure piston 106 and barostat 107, slow pressure storage stream cylinder 105 Top UNICOM circulating line 6, the bottom UNICOM barostat 107 of slow pressure storage stream cylinder 105, slow pressure piston 106 is arranged on slow pressure In storage stream cylinder 105；When in circulating line 6, the pressure of working medium or flow velocity change, turbine current limiter 101 can be by limiting whirlpool The rotation of wheel construction 103 and realize the restriction of flow velocity, part working medium pressure storage stream cylinder 105 of can postponing flows out or flows into and realizes body simultaneously Long-pending expansion or compression, thus realize stablizing the effect of pressure.
By the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain in above-described embodiment 11 is entered Row experiment, enters the hot water of different temperatures to heat collector 1 and gasification installation 2, and sink temperature is 10 DEG C, and drainage rates is 3000L/s, in circulation pipe, refrigerant flow rate condenses the operation of dynamic system of heat energy according to the multi-stage booster utilizing nuclear power station heat drain Stability is adjusted；Experiment effect is: when hot water temperature is about 40 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency is about 9%, and hot water temperature is When about 45 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 10.6%, and when hot water temperature is about 50 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 13.2%, When hot water temperature is about 55 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 17.4%, when hot water temperature is about 60 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency It is about 47%, the present embodiment ten utilizes the heat energy transformation efficiency of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy of nuclear power station heat drain Than conventional thermal energy power machine, (conventional heat energy machine, under the low-temperature heat source of 40-60 DEG C, heat energy efficiency is the lowest, and efficiency is less than 3%, heat energy is more difficult to be utilized) compare, the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain of the present embodiment Energy transformation efficiency is higher by about 11.6% than the heat energy transformation efficiency of conventional heat energy machine.
Embodiment 12 (as shown in figure 14): be with embodiment 11 difference: in order to increase turbine air inlet With the pressure reduction of air vent, the exhaust ports of described turbine 3 is additionally provided with precondenser 36.
Being further elaborated with as above-described embodiment, described precondenser 36 includes working medium conduction pipe 361 and condensation Endothermic tube 362, working medium conduction pipe 361 is used for connecting air vent and circulating line 6, and condensation endothermic tube 362 is used for absorbing working medium leads The heat of working medium in siphunculus 361, working medium conduction pipe 361 and condensation endothermic tube 362 spiral paratactic contact, in condensation endothermic tube 362 For heat recipient fluid, for increasing condensation efficiency, the flow direction of heat recipient fluid and the flow direction phase of working medium in working medium conduction pipe 361 Instead.
By the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain in above-described embodiment 12 is entered Row experiment, enters the hot water of different temperatures to heat collector 1 and gasification installation 2, and sink temperature is 10 DEG C, and drainage rates is 3000L/s, in circulation pipe, refrigerant flow rate condenses the operation of dynamic system of heat energy according to the multi-stage booster utilizing nuclear power station heat drain Stability is adjusted；Experiment effect is: when hot water temperature is about 40 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency is about 9.2%, hot water temperature When being about 45 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 10.8%, and when hot water temperature is about 50 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 13.6%, when hot water temperature is about 55 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 17.8%, and when hot water temperature is about 60 DEG C, heat energy turns Change efficiency and be about 19%, the present embodiment ten utilizes the heat energy of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy of nuclear power station heat drain turn (conventional heat energy machine, under the low-temperature heat source of 40-60 DEG C, heat energy efficiency is the lowest, efficiency than conventional thermal energy power machine to change efficiency Less than 3%, heat energy is more difficult to be utilized) compare, the multi-stage booster condensation heat motility system utilizing nuclear power station heat drain of the present embodiment The energy transformation efficiency of system is higher by about 11.4% than the heat energy transformation efficiency of conventional heat energy machine.
Embodiment 13 (as shown in figure 15): be with embodiment 12 difference: described condensation endothermic tube 362 uses Circulating line 6 between UNICOM's one-way hydraulic pump 9 and heat collector 1；Due to the circulation between one-way hydraulic pump 9 and heat collector Pipeline 6 needs heat absorption, and in working medium conduction pipe 361, working medium needs heat extraction, and this structure recycles circulating line 6 largely Interior working medium heat, increases thermal transition efficiency.
By the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain in above-described embodiment 13 is entered Row experiment, enters the hot water of different temperatures to heat collector 1 and gasification installation 2, and sink temperature is 10 DEG C, and drainage rates is 3000L/s, in circulation pipe, refrigerant flow rate condenses the operation of dynamic system of heat energy according to the multi-stage booster utilizing nuclear power station heat drain Stability is adjusted；Experiment effect is: when hot water temperature is about 40 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency is about 9.4%, hot water temperature When being about 45 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 11%, and when hot water temperature is about 50 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 13.8%, When hot water temperature is about 55 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 17.8%, when hot water temperature is about 60 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency It is about 19.1%；The heat energy utilizing the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy of nuclear power station heat drain in the present embodiment ten converts effect (conventional heat energy machine, under the low-temperature heat source of 40-60 DEG C, heat energy efficiency is the lowest, and efficiency is less than than conventional thermal energy power machine for rate 3%, heat energy is more difficult to be utilized) compare, the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain of the present embodiment Energy transformation efficiency is higher by about 11.9% than the heat energy transformation efficiency of conventional heat energy machine.
Embodiment 14 (as shown in figure 16): be with embodiment 13 difference: described condensing tube 51 becomes oblique type to divide Cloth.
By the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain in above-described embodiment 14 is entered Row experiment, enters the hot water of different temperatures to heat collector 1 and gasification installation 2, and sink temperature is 10 DEG C, and drainage rates is 3000L/s, in circulation pipe, refrigerant flow rate condenses the operation of dynamic system of heat energy according to the multi-stage booster utilizing nuclear power station heat drain Stability is adjusted；Experiment effect is: when hot water temperature is about 40 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency is about 9.4%, hot water temperature When being about 45 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 11.2%, and when hot water temperature is about 50 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 14%, When hot water temperature is about 55 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 18%, and when hot water temperature is about 60 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about It is 19.3%, the present embodiment 14 utilizes the heat energy of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy of nuclear power station heat drain convert effect (conventional heat energy machine, under the low-temperature heat source of 40-60 DEG C, heat energy efficiency is the lowest, and efficiency is less than than conventional thermal energy power machine for rate 3%, heat energy is more difficult to be utilized) compare, the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain of the present embodiment Energy transformation efficiency is higher by about 11.3% than the heat energy transformation efficiency of conventional heat energy machine.
Embodiment 15 (as shown in figure 17): be with embodiment one difference: described condensing tube 51 becomes vertical distribution.
By the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain in above-described embodiment 15 is entered Row experiment, enters the hot water of different temperatures to heat collector 1 and gasification installation 2, and sink temperature is 10 DEG C, and drainage rates is 3000L/s, in circulation pipe, refrigerant flow rate condenses the operation of dynamic system of heat energy according to the multi-stage booster utilizing nuclear power station heat drain Stability is adjusted；Experiment effect is: when hot water temperature is about 40 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency is about 9.4%, hot water temperature When being about 45 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 11.2%, and when hot water temperature is about 50 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 14.2%, when hot water temperature is about 55 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 18.1%, and when hot water temperature is about 60 DEG C, heat energy turns Change efficiency and be about 49.5%；The present embodiment 15 utilizes the heat of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy of nuclear power station heat drain Can transformation efficiency than conventional thermal energy power machine (conventional heat energy machine, under the low-temperature heat source of 40-60 DEG C, heat energy efficiency is the lowest, Efficiency is less than 3%, and heat energy is more difficult to be utilized) compare, the present embodiment utilize the multi-stage booster condensation heat of nuclear power station heat drain active The energy transformation efficiency of Force system is higher by 11.7% than the heat energy transformation efficiency of conventional heat energy machine.
Embodiment 16 (as shown in figure 18): be with embodiment one difference: described condensing tube 51 becomes horizontal distribution Time, upper and lower layer condensing tube mutually staggers.
By the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain in above-described embodiment 16 is entered Row experiment, enters the hot water of different temperatures to heat collector 1 and gasification installation 2, and sink temperature is 10 DEG C, and drainage rates is 3000L/s, in circulation pipe, refrigerant flow rate condenses the operation of dynamic system of heat energy according to the multi-stage booster utilizing nuclear power station heat drain Stability is adjusted；Experiment effect is: when hot water temperature is about 40 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency is about 9.4%, hot water temperature When being about 45 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 11.2%, and when hot water temperature is about 50 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 14%, When hot water temperature is about 55 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 18%, and when hot water temperature is about 60 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about It is 19.3%, the present embodiment 16 utilizes the heat energy of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy of nuclear power station heat drain convert effect (conventional heat energy machine, under the low-temperature heat source of 40-60 DEG C, heat energy efficiency is the lowest, and efficiency is less than than conventional thermal energy power machine for rate 3%, heat energy is more difficult to be utilized) compare, the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain of the present embodiment Energy transformation efficiency is higher by about 11.3% than the heat energy transformation efficiency of conventional heat energy machine.
Embodiment 17 (as shown in figure 19): be with embodiment 16 difference: described condensing tube 51 passes through the temperature difference Generating sheet 511 is made, and described thermo-electric generation sheet 511 includes sheet metal 512, p-type semiconductor 513, n-type semiconductor 514, insulation base Matter layer 515 and output electrode 516, dielectric substrate layer 515 is uniformly interspersed with p-type semiconductor 513 and n-type semiconductor 514, uniformly divides P-type semiconductor 513 and the n-type semiconductor 514 of cloth are connected by sheet metal 512, p-type semiconductor 513 and n-type semiconductor 514 Series connection end at the whole story connects output electrode 516 respectively；Output electrode 516 voltage of thermo-electric generation sheet 511 reaches more than 3V.
Having explanation further as above-mentioned embodiment, output electrode 516 end of described thermo-electric generation sheet 511 is successively Connecting and have manostat 517, booster transformer 518, accumulator 519, accumulator 519 is for heat emission fan 52, the confession of one-way hydraulic pump 9 Electricity.
By the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain in above-described embodiment 17 is entered Row experiment, enters the hot water of different temperatures to heat collector 1 and gasification installation 2, and sink temperature is 10 DEG C, and drainage rates is 3000L/s, in circulation pipe, refrigerant flow rate condenses the operation of dynamic system of heat energy according to the multi-stage booster utilizing nuclear power station heat drain Stability is adjusted；Experiment effect is: when hot water temperature is about 40 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency is about 9.8%, hot water temperature When being about 45 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 11.8%, and when hot water temperature is about 50 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 14.6%, when hot water temperature is about 55 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 18.1%, and when hot water temperature is about 60 DEG C, heat energy turns Change efficiency and be about 19.5%；The present embodiment 17 utilizes the heat of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy of nuclear power station heat drain Can transformation efficiency than conventional thermal energy power machine (conventional heat energy machine, under the low-temperature heat source of 40-60 DEG C, heat energy efficiency is the lowest, Efficiency is less than 3%, and heat energy is more difficult to be utilized) compare, the present embodiment utilize the multi-stage booster condensation heat of nuclear power station heat drain active The energy transformation efficiency of Force system is higher by 11.8% than the heat energy transformation efficiency of conventional heat energy machine.
Embodiment 18: be with embodiment 17 difference: described cycle fluid 7 uses the freon of routine；Adopt With freon as working medium, can be used for the utilization of lower temperature thermal source, but owing to it needs the pressure in circulating line 6 higher, The processing technology of circulating line 6 and seal member is required higher by implementation process.
By the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain in above-described embodiment 18 is entered Row experiment, enters the hot water of different temperatures to heat collector 1 and gasification installation 2, and sink temperature is 10 DEG C, and drainage rates is 3000L/s, heightens the pressure of working medium in condensing unit 5, heightens sender matter pressure in gasification installation 2 simultaneously, circulate intraductal working medium stream The operation stability that speed condenses dynamic system of heat energy according to the multi-stage booster utilizing nuclear power station heat drain is adjusted；Experiment effect For: when hot water temperature is about 40 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 9.2%, and when hot water temperature is about 45 DEG C, heat energy converts effect Rate is about 11.2%, and when hot water temperature is about 50 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 14%, when hot water temperature is about 55 DEG C, and heat Can be about 18% by transformation efficiency, when hot water temperature is about 60 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 19.3%, profit in the present embodiment 18 The heat energy transformation efficiency condensing dynamic system of heat energy with the multi-stage booster of nuclear power station heat drain is (more conventional than conventional thermal energy power machine Heat energy machine, under the low-temperature heat source of 40-60 DEG C, heat energy efficiency is the lowest, and efficiency is less than 3%, and heat energy is more difficult to be utilized) compare, this The energy transformation efficiency of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain of embodiment is than conventional heat energy machine Heat energy transformation efficiency is high by about 11.2%.
Embodiment 19: be with embodiment 17 difference: described cycle fluid 7 uses methanol；This kind of working medium Boiling point at normal temperatures is 64.7 DEG C, easily gasifies, relatively low to the temperature requirement of high temperature heat source, can be used for the low temperature less than 100 DEG C Heat resource power generation, but belong to poisonous and harmful inflammable gas, high to the sealing requirements of circulating line.
By the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain in above-described embodiment 19 is entered Row experiment, enters the hot water of different temperatures to heat collector 1 and gasification installation 2, and sink temperature is 10 DEG C, and drainage rates is 3000L/s, in circulation pipe, refrigerant flow rate condenses the operation of dynamic system of heat energy according to the multi-stage booster utilizing nuclear power station heat drain Stability is adjusted；Experiment effect is: when hot water temperature is about 40 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency is about 9.4%, hot water temperature When being about 45 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 11.4%, and when hot water temperature is about 50 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 14.2%, when hot water temperature is about 55 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 18.1%, and when hot water temperature is about 60 DEG C, heat energy turns Change efficiency and be about 49.5%；The present embodiment 19 utilizes the heat of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy of nuclear power station heat drain Can transformation efficiency than conventional thermal energy power machine (conventional heat energy machine, under the low-temperature heat source of 40-60 DEG C, heat energy efficiency is the lowest, Efficiency is less than 3%, and heat energy is more difficult to be utilized) compare, the present embodiment utilize the multi-stage booster condensation heat of nuclear power station heat drain active The energy transformation efficiency of Force system is higher by about 11.7% than the heat energy transformation efficiency of conventional heat energy machine.
Embodiment 20: be with embodiment 17 difference: described cycle fluid 7 uses ethanol；This kind of working medium Boiling point at normal temperatures is 78.15 DEG C, and easily gasify incendivity, relatively low to the temperature requirement of high temperature heat source, can be used for being less than The low temperature heat resource power generation of 100 DEG C, but high to the sealing requirements of circulating line.
By the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain in above-described embodiment 20 is entered Row experiment, enters the hot water of different temperatures to heat collector 1 and gasification installation 2, and sink temperature is 10 DEG C, and drainage rates is 3000L/s, in circulation pipe, refrigerant flow rate condenses the operation of dynamic system of heat energy according to the multi-stage booster utilizing nuclear power station heat drain Stability is adjusted；Experiment effect is: when hot water temperature is about 40 DEG C, and heat energy transformation efficiency is about 9.6%, hot water temperature When being about 45 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 11.6%, and when hot water temperature is about 50 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 14.4%, when hot water temperature is about 55 DEG C, heat energy transformation efficiency is about 18%, and when hot water temperature is about 60 DEG C, heat energy converts Efficiency is about 19.5%, utilizes the heat energy of the multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy of nuclear power station heat drain in the present embodiment 20 (conventional heat energy machine, under the low-temperature heat source of 40-60 DEG C, heat energy efficiency is the lowest, effect than conventional thermal energy power machine for transformation efficiency Rate is less than 3%, and heat energy is more difficult to be utilized) compare, the multi-stage booster condensation heat motility utilizing nuclear power station heat drain of the present embodiment The energy transformation efficiency of system is higher by about 11.2% than the heat energy transformation efficiency of conventional heat energy machine.
Finally it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is not limited to the present invention, Although being described in detail the present invention with reference to previous embodiment, for a person skilled in the art, it still may be used So that the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments to be modified, or wherein portion of techniques feature is carried out equivalent, All within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included in the present invention's Within protection domain.

Claims (10)

1. utilize a multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy for nuclear power station heat drain, including heat collector (1), gasification installation (2), turbine (3), nuclear power station hot type water channel (4), condensing unit (5), circulating line (6), cycle fluid (7) and one-way hydraulic Pump (9), heat collector (1), gasification installation (2), turbine (3), condensing unit (5) and one-way hydraulic pump (9) pass sequentially through and follow Endless tube (6) road realizes circulation UNICOM, and circulating line (6) is contained within cycle fluid (7), and condensing unit (5) comprises condensing tube (51), It is characterized in that: described heat collector (1) and gasification installation (2) are arranged in nuclear power station hot type water channel (4), described condensing unit (5) being arranged on deep-water low-temperature district, described heat collector (1) includes thermal-collecting tube (11) and heat collecting sheet (12), and heat collecting sheet (12) is parallel Spaced apart, thermal-collecting tube (11) fold-type is distributed in heat collecting sheet (12), and gasification installation (2) includes gasify heat-absorbing chamber (21) and gasification Pressure controller (22), gasification pressure controller (22) is arranged in gasification heat-absorbing chamber (21), and gasification pressure controller (22) is for circulation industrial Quality Control Pressure, described condensing unit (5) includes condensing tube (51), heat emission fan (52) and multiple booster body (53), and heat emission fan (52) is installed Above or below condensing tube (51), booster body (53) is evenly distributed on condensing tube (51) middle part, described booster body step by step (53) pressurized cylinder (531), piston (532), eccentric (533), air inlet (534), gas outlet (535), breather cheek valve are included (536), unidirectional air outlet valve (537) and gas-pressure adjustable valve (538), piston (532) is arranged in pressurized cylinder (531), piston (532) Being driven by eccentric (533) by push rod, pressurized cylinder (531) bottom is provided with air inlet (534) and gas outlet (535), air inlet Mouth (534) place is provided with breather cheek valve (536), and gas outlet (535) are provided with unidirectional air outlet valve (537) and gas-pressure adjustable valve (538), contaminant filter pump (8) it is additionally provided with between condensing unit (5) and gasification installation (2).
The multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: Described booster body (53) also includes differential pressure sensor (533) and automatic controller (534), and automatic controller (534) is by dividing Turbine pressure regulator (532) is automatically controlled by the signal of analysis differential pressure sensor (533).
The multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain the most according to claim 2, is characterized in that: It is additionally provided with atomizing mouth (23) between described gasification heat-absorbing chamber (21) and thermal-collecting tube (11).
The multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain the most according to claim 3, is characterized in that: The horizontal cross-section of described gasification heat-absorbing chamber (21) is that Rhizoma Nelumbinis is poroid.
The multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain the most according to claim 3, is characterized in that: The horizontal cross-section of described gasification heat-absorbing chamber (21) is all poroid in honeycomb.
The multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain the most according to claim 3, is characterized in that: Described heat collecting sheet (12) is in planar sheet.
The multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain the most according to claim 3, is characterized in that: Described heat collecting sheet (12) lamellar in curved surface.
The multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain the most according to claim 3, is characterized in that: Described heat collecting sheet (12) is in being in staggered distribution.
The multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain the most according to claim 3, is characterized in that: Described gasification heat-absorbing chamber (21) is positioned at the upstream of nuclear power station hot type water channel (4), and heat collector (1) is positioned at nuclear power station hot type water channel (4) downstream.
The multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain the most according to claim 1, its feature It is: described turbine (3) is in conventional steam turbine, multiple-stage steam turbine, tesla's turbine or radial outward flow turbine Any one.
CN201610760110.7A 2016-08-30 2016-08-30 A kind of multi-stage booster condensation dynamic system of heat energy utilizing nuclear power station heat drain Withdrawn CN106246272A (en)

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Application publication date: 20161221