CN106244795A - Process the method and system of red mud - Google Patents
Process the method and system of red mud Download PDFInfo
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- CN106244795A CN106244795A CN201610626965.0A CN201610626965A CN106244795A CN 106244795 A CN106244795 A CN 106244795A CN 201610626965 A CN201610626965 A CN 201610626965A CN 106244795 A CN106244795 A CN 106244795A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/005—Preliminary treatment of scrap
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0007—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap or any other metal source
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0038—Obtaining aluminium by other processes
- C22B21/0069—Obtaining aluminium by other processes from scrap, skimmings or any secondary source aluminium, e.g. recovery of alloy constituents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/10—Obtaining alkali metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1218—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by dry processes
- C22B34/1222—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by dry processes using a halogen containing agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B58/00—Obtaining gallium or indium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
- C22B7/002—Dry processes by treating with halogens, sulfur or compounds thereof; by carburising, by treating with hydrogen (hydriding)
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention discloses the method and system processing red mud.Wherein, the method processing red mud includes: described red mud is dried process, in order to obtain dried red mud；Described dried red mud is carried out calcination processing, in order to the red mud after being calcined；Red mud after described calcining is carried out melt processed, in order to obtain the red mud of fusing；Utilize chlorine that the red mud of described fusing is carried out chloridized, in order to obtain containing muriatic gas；And carry out multi-stage condensing process by described containing muriatic gas, in order to obtain the metal chloride separated.The method generates chloride with chlorine reaction after the red mud fusing after calcining, and then is processed by multi-stage condensing, it is achieved the separation of various metals in red mud.Further, the method simple to operate, the response rate of various metals is high, and the comprehensive utilization ratio of red mud also significantly improves.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to process the method for red mud and process the system of red mud.
Background technology
Red mud, is that bauxite refines the garbage produced in alumina process, because it is gained the name for crimson color mud.Along with
The development of aluminum i ndustry, 60,000,000 tons of red muds of the annual output in the current whole world, the red mud discharge capacity of China is 4,500,000 tons every year
Above, the most most of alumina producers are to be piled up by red mud or be poured into deep-sea.Chemical composition in red mud from sintering process has greatly
Amount active calcium oxide, silicon oxide, and noble metal or valuable metal oxide, such as titanium oxide, ferrum oxide, aluminium oxide, silicon oxide,
And the trace such as oxide in trace quantities since scandium, cerium is rare or rare earth compound composition, main mineral constituent has β dicalcium silicate, nepheline, Fang Xie
Stone, α type alumina hydrate, tricalcium aluminate etc..Storing up of red mud does not only takes up substantial amounts of soil and farmland, expends more stockyard
Build and maintenance cost, cause serious water pollution, and waste substantial amounts of metals resources.Contained valuable metal group in red mud
Divide such as Fe2O3、Al2O3、Na2O、TiO2, it mostly is the metal that economic worth is relatively low, individually carries out recycling not with regard to a certain element
Process economy and the huge problem of red mud storage can be solved well, it is necessary to use various metals combined recovery technology ability
The real comprehensive utilization realizing red mud and minimizing.
Therefore, the comprehensive control of red mud and the efficient recovery of metals resources thereof become the focus of people's growing interest.
Summary of the invention
It is contemplated that at least solve one of technical problem present in prior art.To this end, one object of the present invention
It is to propose a kind of method processing red mud, after the red mud fusing after calcining, generates chloride with chlorine reaction, and then pass through
Multi-stage condensing processes, it is achieved the separation of various metals in red mud, improves the comprehensive utilization ratio of red mud.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of method processing red mud.Enforcement according to the present invention
Example, the method includes: described red mud is dried process, in order to obtain dried red mud；By described dried red mud
Carry out calcination processing, in order to the red mud after being calcined；Red mud after described calcining is carried out melt processed, in order to melted
Red mud；Utilize chlorine that the red mud of described fusing is carried out chloridized, in order to obtain containing muriatic gas；And by institute
State and carry out multi-stage condensing process containing muriatic gas, in order to obtain the metal chloride separated.
The method processing red mud according to embodiments of the present invention, generates chlorine with chlorine reaction after the red mud fusing after calcining
Compound, and then processed by multi-stage condensing, it is achieved the separation of various metals in red mud.Further, the method simple to operate, various
The response rate of metal is high, and the comprehensive utilization ratio of red mud also significantly improves.
It addition, the method for process red mud according to the above embodiment of the present invention, it is also possible to there is following additional technology special
Levy:
According to embodiments of the invention, the temperature of described dried is 100～115 DEG C.
According to embodiments of the invention, the temperature of described calcination processing is 600～800 DEG C.
According to embodiments of the invention, the temperature of described melt processed is 1400～1500 DEG C.
According to embodiments of the invention, described melt processed is carried out under an inert atmosphere.
According to embodiments of the invention, described inert atmosphere is at least one of nitrogen and argon.
According to embodiments of the invention, the method farther includes: the metal chloride of described separation is purified place
Reason, in order to obtain chloride after purification.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the invention provides the system of a kind of method implementing aforesaid process red mud.
According to embodiments of the invention, this system includes: drying device, and described drying device has red mud entrance and dried red mud
Outlet；Calciner plant, described calciner plant has the red mud outlet after dried red mud entrance and calcining, described dried
Red mud entrance is connected with the outlet of described dried red mud；Melting appartus, described melting appartus has the red mud entrance after calcining
With the red mud outlet of fusing, the red mud entrance after described calcining exports with the red mud after described calcining and is connected；Chloridizing unit, described
Chloridizing unit has the red mud entrance of fusing, chlorine inlet, solid product outlet and contains muriatic gas outlet, described molten
The red mud entrance changed exports with the red mud of described fusing and is connected；And multi-stage condensing device, every in described multi-stage condensing device
One-level is respectively provided with gas access, and chloride outlet and gas outlet, in described multi-stage condensing device, the described gas of upper level enters
Mouth is connected with the described gas outlet of next stage, the gas access of the first order condensing unit in described multi-stage condensing device and institute
State and be connected containing muriatic gas outlet.
The system processing red mud according to embodiments of the present invention, red mud drying device is dried, then enters through calciner plant
Row calcining, after the red mud melting appartus fusing after being calcined, carries out chlorine reaction at chloridizing unit and generates chloride, Jin Ertong
Cross multistage condensing unit and carry out multi-stage condensing process, it is achieved the separation of various metals in red mud.Further, the structure letter of this system
Single, the response rate of various metals is high, and the comprehensive utilization ratio of red mud also significantly improves.
According to embodiments of the invention, described chloridizing unit is agitator.
According to embodiments of the invention, described multi-stage condensing device is multi-stage condensing pipe.
The additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will part be given in the following description, and part will become from the following description
Obtain substantially, or recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Above-mentioned and/or the additional aspect of the present invention and advantage are from combining the accompanying drawings below description to embodiment and will become
Substantially with easy to understand, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the schematic flow sheet of the method processing red mud according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 shows the schematic flow sheet of the method processing red mud according to still another embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 shows the structural representation of the system processing red mud according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, and the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, the most from start to finish
Same or similar label represents same or similar element or has the element of same or like function.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment that figure describes is exemplary, is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In describing the invention, term " longitudinally ", " laterally ", " on ", D score, "front", "rear", "left", "right", " perpendicular
Directly ", " level ", " top ", the orientation of the instruction such as " end " or position relationship be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, be only
For the ease of describing the present invention rather than requiring that the present invention must be with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not intended that right
The restriction of the present invention.
It should be noted that term " first ", " second " are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that instruction or hint phase
To importance or the implicit quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, define " first ", " second " feature permissible
Express or implicitly include one or more this feature.Further, in describing the invention, unless otherwise saying
Bright, " multiple " are meant that two or more.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of method processing red mud.With reference to Fig. 1, according to this
Bright embodiment, explains the method for this process red mud, and the method includes:
S100 dried
According to embodiments of the invention, red mud is dried process, obtains dried red mud.Thus, by being dried
Process the large quantity of moisture removed in red mud, it is simple to follow-up calcination processing, reduce the energy consumption of calcination processing.
According to embodiments of the invention, the temperature of dried is 100～115 DEG C.Thus, drying efficiency is high, effectively goes
Except moisture content unnecessary in red mud.
Wherein it is desired to explanation, the raw material of the embodiment of the present invention can be red mud, it is also possible to for red mud constituent
Similar solid waste.
S200 calcination processing
According to embodiments of the invention, dried red mud is carried out calcination processing, the red mud after being calcined.Thus,
By calcination processing, the water of crystallization in removing red mud, and make CaCO therein3It is changed into CaO.
According to embodiments of the invention, the temperature of calcination processing is 600～800 DEG C.Thus, calcine effective, make to be dried
After red mud fully remove water of crystallization, and make CaCO3The conversion ratio being changed into CaO improves, thus, fully reclaim the calcium in red mud
Element.
S300 melt processed
According to embodiments of the invention, the red mud after calcining is carried out melt processed, obtains the red mud of fusing.Due to metal
Oxide is in the blown state, it is easy to carry out chlorination reaction with chlorine, and then, the red mud after calcining is carried out melt processed.
According to embodiments of the invention, the temperature of melt processed is 1400～1500 DEG C.Thus, in this temperature range,
Red mud after calcining is completely melt.
According to embodiments of the invention, melt processed is carried out under an inert atmosphere.Thus so that fusing atmosphere in stove
Remain nonoxidizing atmosphere, it is to avoid the material in red mud and gas reaction.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, inert atmosphere is
At least one of nitrogen and argon.Thus, gas is good to the protected effect of melted material, and, nitrogen and argon can be easily obtained,
Production cost is made to reduce further.
S400 chloridized
According to embodiments of the invention, utilize chlorine that the red mud of fusing is carried out chloridized, obtain containing muriatic
Gas.According to some embodiments of the present invention, chloride process carries out suitable mechanical agitation, makes gas-liquid two-phase abundant
Contact.According to some embodiments of the present invention, the chlorination rate of chloridized is up to about 90%.Chlorination reaction equation is as follows:
Na2O+Cl2→2NaCl+1/2O2
Fe2O3+3Cl2→2FeCl3+3/2O2
Ga2O3+3Cl2→2GaCl3+3/2O2
Al2O3+3Cl2→2AlCl3+3/2O2
TiO2+2Cl2→TiCl4+O2
SiO2+2Cl2→SiCl4+O2
According to embodiments of the invention, the saturated aqueous common salt that chlorine can be formed after being dissolved in water by electrolytic sodium chloride prepares.
Thus, preparation cost is low, and can make full use of the chloride that red mud process obtains, it is achieved the high-efficiency comprehensive utilization of resource.
S500 multi-stage condensing processes
According to embodiments of the invention, multi-stage condensing process will be carried out containing muriatic gas, obtain the metal separated
Chloride.Thus, different by different muriatic condensation temperatures, processed by multi-stage condensing, separate and recover various chloride,
Specifically, the treated common muriatic condensation temperature obtained of red mud is as follows:
1400 DEG C～900 DEG C condensations of sodium chloride,
The condensation of 310 DEG C of iron chloride,
Gallium chloride 201 DEG C condensation,
The condensation of 180 DEG C of aluminum chloride,
130 DEG C～100 DEG C condensations of titanium tetrachloride.
As it appears from the above, various muriatic condensation temperature gaps are bigger, it is easy to separate.
According to embodiments of the invention, the condensation progression that multi-stage condensing processes is not particularly limited, can be according to reality
Kind and the content of the metallic element in middle red mud are adjusted, such as, when in red mud containing other more rare elements or
During rare earth element, by carrying out increasing the hop count of condensation, i.e. can reclaim these elements with muriatic form.
According to embodiments of the invention, unreacted chlorine and noble gas can pass through molecular sieving, wherein, inertia
Gas returns to the recycling of melt processed process, and unreacted chlorine returns to chloride process recycling.Thus,
Saving the energy, manufacturing cost is lower.
With reference to Fig. 2, according to embodiments of the invention, the method farther includes:
S600 purification process
According to embodiments of the invention, the metal chloride of separation is purified process, obtains chloride after purification.
Thus, muriatic purity is high, it is simple to production application.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the invention provides the system of a kind of method implementing aforesaid process red mud.
With reference to Fig. 3, according to embodiments of the invention, explaining the system of this red mud, this system includes: drying device 100,
Calciner plant 200, melting appartus 300, chloridizing unit 400 and multi-stage condensing device 500, carried out specifically below for each device
Bright:
Drying device 100: according to embodiments of the invention, drying device 100 has red mud entrance 101 and dried red
Mud outlet 102.Thus, drying device removes the large quantity of moisture in red mud by dried, it is simple to follow-up calcination processing, fall
The energy consumption of low calcination processing.
According to embodiments of the invention, the withering temperature of drying device 100 is 100～115 DEG C.Thus, dry
Dry efficiency is high, effectively removes moisture content unnecessary in red mud.
Calciner plant 200: according to embodiments of the invention, calciner plant 200 has dried red mud entrance 201 and forges
Red mud outlet 202 after burning, wherein, dried red mud entrance 201 is connected with dried red mud outlet 102.Thus, calcining
Device passes through calcination processing, the water of crystallization in removing red mud, and makes CaCO therein3It is changed into CaO.
According to embodiments of the invention, it is 600～800 DEG C that calciner plant 200 carries out the temperature of calcination processing.Thus, forge
Burn effective, make dried red mud fully remove water of crystallization, and make CaCO3The conversion ratio being changed into CaO improves, thus, fill
Divide the calcium constituent reclaimed in red mud.
Melting appartus 300: according to embodiments of the invention, melting appartus 300 has the red mud entrance after calcining 301 and melts
The red mud outlet 302 changed, wherein, the red mud entrance 301 after calcining is connected with the red mud outlet 202 after calcining.Due to metal oxygen
Compound is in the blown state, it is easy to carry out chlorination reaction with chlorine, and then, the red mud after calcining is carried out at fusing by melting appartus
Reason.
According to embodiments of the invention, it is 1400～1500 DEG C that melting appartus 300 carries out the temperature of melt processed.Thus,
In this temperature range, the red mud after calcining is completely melt.
Chloridizing unit 400: according to embodiments of the invention, chloridizing unit 400 has the red mud entrance 401 of fusing, chlorine
Entrance 402, solid product export 404 and containing muriatic gas outlet 403, and wherein, the red mud entrance of fusing is molten with described
The red mud outlet changed is connected.According to some embodiments of the present invention, chloridizing unit has agitator, makes gas-liquid two-phase fully connect
Touch.According to some embodiments of the present invention, the chlorination rate of chloridized is up to about 90%.
According to embodiments of the invention, chloridizing unit 400 is agitator.Thus, under agitation, chlorine and the red mud of fusing
Being fully contacted, chlorination is effective.
Multi-stage condensing device 500: according to embodiments of the invention, the every one-level in multi-stage condensing device 500 is respectively provided with gas
Body entrance 501, chloride outlet 502 and gas outlet 503, due to gas access 501, chloride outlet 502 and gas outlet
The number of 503 is more, and relevant with condensation progression, illustrates the most one by one, wherein, in multi-stage condensing device 500 upper one
The gas access of level is connected with the gas outlet of next stage, the gas access of the first order condensing unit in multi-stage condensing device
501 are connected with containing muriatic gas outlet 403.Thus, multi-stage condensing device is by different muriatic condensation temperatures not
With, processed by multi-stage condensing, separate and recover various chloride.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, multi-stage condensing device 500 is multi-stage condensing pipe.Thus, simple in construction, condensation
Effective.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, this system farther includes purification devices, and this purification devices has chloride
Entrance and the outlet of chloride after purification, wherein, chloride entrance is connected with chloride outlet.Thus, purification devices is after purification
Muriatic purity high, it is simple to production application.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, purification devices is distilation device.Thus, the low cost of device, purify
Effective, it is particularly suited for chloride and purifies.
The system processing red mud according to embodiments of the present invention, red mud drying device is dried, then enters through calciner plant
Row calcining, after the red mud melting appartus fusing after being calcined, carries out chlorine reaction at chloridizing unit and generates chloride, Jin Ertong
Cross multistage condensing unit and carry out multi-stage condensing process, it is achieved the separation of various metals in red mud.Further, the structure letter of this system
Single, the response rate of various metals is high, and the comprehensive utilization ratio of red mud also significantly improves.
Below with reference to specific embodiment, the present invention will be described, it should be noted that these embodiments are only explanation
Property, and be not considered as limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1
The method utilizing the present invention processes red mud, and wherein, the red mud complete chemical analysis result used by test is as follows:
Carrying out predrying at 100 DEG C by above-mentioned red mud sample, after absorption water removing, remaining part is at 600 DEG C
Carry out calcining to remove water of crystallization, and make CaCO3It is changed into the process of CaO.Red mud sample composition after treatment is analyzed such as
Under:
Red mud sample after treatment proceeds to, in electric arc furnace reactor, melt, work as sample under 1400 DEG C of argon gas atmosphere
After product all melt, in reactor, it is passed through chlorine (the saturated aqueous common salt that chlorine can be formed after being dissolved in water by electrolytic sodium chloride
Prepare), and carry out suitable mechanical agitation and make gas-liquid two-phase be fully contacted.Following reaction will occur:
Na2O+Cl2→2NaCl+1/2O2
Fe2O3+3Cl2→2FeCl3+3/2O2
Ga2O3+3Cl2→2GaCl3+3/2O2
Al2O3+3Cl2→2AlCl3+3/2O2
TiO2+2Cl2→TiCl4+O2
SiO2+2Cl2→SiCl4+O2
Mixed gas is first cooled to 1000 DEG C, then first sodium chloride separate from mixture.The temperature ratio of cooling is treated
The boiling point of the metal chloride separated is slightly lower, easily carries out so that separating.It follows that it is big that mixed gas is passed through temperature successively
Be about 290 DEG C, 180～190 DEG C, 155～160 DEG C, 110～120 DEG C, the condensing tube of 15 DEG C, respectively obtain liquid iron chloride,
Gallium chloride, aluminum chloride, titanium tetrachloride, Silicon chloride., as final products after being purified by follow-up distillation, thus realized
The separation of various metals in red mud；Then will remain unreacted chlorine and argon can pass through molecular sieving, be recovered to
Individual flow process is continuing with.
Embodiment 2
The method utilizing the present invention processes red mud, and wherein, the red mud complete chemical analysis result used by test is as follows:
Carrying out predrying at 105 DEG C by above-mentioned red mud sample, after absorption water removing, remaining part is at 700 DEG C
Carry out calcining to remove water of crystallization, and make CaCO3It is changed into the process of CaO.Red mud sample composition after treatment is analyzed such as
Under:
Red mud sample after treatment proceeds in plasma reactor, melts, work as sample under 1450 DEG C of argon gas atmosphere
After product all melt, in reactor, it is passed through chlorine (the saturated aqueous common salt that chlorine can be formed after being dissolved in water by electrolytic sodium chloride
Prepare), and carry out suitable mechanical agitation and make gas-liquid two-phase be fully contacted.Following reaction will occur:
Na2O+Cl2→2NaCl+1/2O2
Fe2O3+3Cl2→2FeCl3+3/2O2
Ga2O3+3Cl2→2GaCl3+3/2O2
Al2O3+3Cl2→2AlCl3+3/2O2
TiO2+2Cl2→TiCl4+O2
SiO2+2Cl2→SiCl4+O2
Mixed gas is first cooled to 1000 DEG C, then first sodium chloride separate from mixture.The temperature ratio of cooling is treated
The boiling point of the metal chloride separated is slightly lower, easily carries out so that separating.It follows that it is big that mixed gas is passed through temperature successively
Be about 290 DEG C, 180～190 DEG C, 155～160 DEG C, 110～120 DEG C, the condensing tube of 15 DEG C, respectively obtain liquid iron chloride,
Gallium chloride, aluminum chloride, titanium tetrachloride, Silicon chloride., as final products after being purified by follow-up distillation, thus realized
The separation of various metals in red mud；Then will remain unreacted chlorine and argon can pass through molecular sieving, be recovered to
Individual flow process is continuing with.
Embodiment 3
The method utilizing the present invention processes red mud, and wherein, the red mud complete chemical analysis result used by test is as follows:
Carrying out predrying at 115 DEG C by above-mentioned red mud sample, after absorption water removing, remaining part is at 800 DEG C
Carry out calcining to remove water of crystallization, and make CaCO3It is changed into the process of CaO.Red mud sample composition after treatment is analyzed such as
Under:
Red mud sample after treatment proceeds to, in electric arc furnace reactor, melt under the nitrogen atmosphere of 1500 DEG C, when
After sample all melts, in reactor, it is passed through chlorine (the saturated common salt that chlorine can be formed after being dissolved in water by electrolytic sodium chloride
Water prepares), and carry out suitable mechanical agitation and make gas-liquid two-phase be fully contacted.Following reaction will occur:
Na2O+Cl2→2NaCl+1/2O2
Fe2O3+3Cl2→2FeCl3+3/2O2
Ga2O3+3Cl2→2GaCl3+3/2O2
Al2O3+3Cl2→2AlCl3+3/2O2
TiO2+2Cl2→TiCl4+O2
SiO2+2Cl2→SiCl4+O2
Mixed gas is first cooled to 1000 DEG C, then first sodium chloride separate from mixture.The temperature ratio of cooling is treated
The boiling point of the metal chloride separated is slightly lower, easily carries out so that separating.It follows that it is big that mixed gas is passed through temperature successively
Be about 290 DEG C, 180～190 DEG C, 155～160 DEG C, 110～120 DEG C, the condensing tube of 15 DEG C, respectively obtain liquid iron chloride,
Gallium chloride, aluminum chloride, titanium tetrachloride, Silicon chloride., as final products after being purified by follow-up distillation, thus realized
The separation of various metals in red mud；Then will remain unreacted chlorine and nitrogen can pass through molecular sieving, be recovered to
Individual flow process is continuing with.
In the description of this specification, reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
Example " or the description of " some examples " etc. means to combine this embodiment or example describes specific features, structure, material or spy
Point is contained at least one embodiment or the example of the present invention.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not
Necessarily refer to identical embodiment or example.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can be any
One or more embodiments or example in combine in an appropriate manner.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: not
These embodiments can be carried out multiple change in the case of departing from the principle of the present invention and objective, revise, replace and modification, this
The scope of invention is limited by claim and equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. the method processing red mud, it is characterised in that including:
Described red mud is dried process, in order to obtain dried red mud；
Described dried red mud is carried out calcination processing, in order to the red mud after being calcined；
Red mud after described calcining is carried out melt processed, in order to obtain the red mud of fusing；
Utilize chlorine that the red mud of described fusing is carried out chloridized, in order to obtain containing muriatic gas；And
Multi-stage condensing process is carried out containing muriatic gas, in order to obtain the metal chloride separated by described.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the temperature of described dried is 100～115 DEG C.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the temperature of described calcination processing is 600～800 DEG C.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the temperature of described melt processed is 1400～1500 DEG C.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described melt processed is carried out under an inert atmosphere.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described inert atmosphere is at least one of nitrogen and argon.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that farther include:
The metal chloride of described separation is purified process, in order to obtain chloride after purification.
8. the system of the method processing red mud implemented described in any one of claim 1-7, it is characterised in that including:
Drying device, described drying device has red mud entrance and the outlet of dried red mud；
Calciner plant, described calciner plant has the red mud outlet after dried red mud entrance and calcining, described dried
Red mud entrance is connected with the outlet of described dried red mud；
Melting appartus, described melting appartus has the red mud outlet of the red mud entrance after calcining and fusing, red after described calcining
Mud entrance exports with the red mud after described calcining and is connected；
Chloridizing unit, described chloridizing unit has the red mud entrance of fusing, chlorine inlet, solid product outlet and contains chloride
Gas outlet, the red mud of the red mud entrance of described fusing and described fusing exports and is connected；And
Multi-stage condensing device, the every one-level in described multi-stage condensing device is respectively provided with gas access, and chloride outlet and gas go out
Mouthful, in described multi-stage condensing device, the described gas access of upper level is connected with the described gas outlet of next stage, described multistage
The gas access of the first order condensing unit in condensing unit is connected containing muriatic gas outlet with described.
System the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described chloridizing unit is agitator.
System the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described multi-stage condensing device is multi-stage condensing pipe.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115557628A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2023-01-03 | 昆明理工大学 | Process for treating benzene-containing wastewater by combining red mud with chlorine |
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