CN106228344A - A kind of electronic government affairs system building method based on block chain technology - Google Patents
A kind of electronic government affairs system building method based on block chain technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN106228344A CN106228344A CN201610605093.XA CN201610605093A CN106228344A CN 106228344 A CN106228344 A CN 106228344A CN 201610605093 A CN201610605093 A CN 201610605093A CN 106228344 A CN106228344 A CN 106228344A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/10—Office automation; Time management
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/10—Services
- G06Q50/26—Government or public services
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electronic government affairs system building method based on block chain technology, the method by a kind of distributed decentration risen with digital encryption currency, referred to as data framework and the data operation mode of block chain be applied to E-Government field;Block chain is formed by the block link that numerous structures are consistent, utilize wherein block to complete government data encapsulation, distributed networking mechanism of transmission and the common recognition algorithm task of distributed node of band timestamp, can have significant increase government affairs standardized management level and disposal efficiency.Meanwhile, the present invention applies this rivest, shamir, adelman of D H in block chain, is encrypted deciphering with two different PKIs and private key cryptographic respectively, it is possible to strengthen the safety of government affairs information data base significantly.Model architecture and operating mechanism that block chain is complete make it have wide application space in E-Government field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electronic government affairs system construction technique field, be specifically related to a kind of electronics political affairs based on block chain technology
Business system Construction method.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of computer techno-stress technology, computer is widely used in every field.For promoting row
The level of modernization of political affairs, governments at all levels are just popularizing the emerging administrative practices, i.e. institute such as office automation, paperless office, long-range government affairs
The E-Government of meaning.E-Government fully applies modern network and communication technology, it is possible to optimize governmental organization structure and work
Flow process, is conducive to breaking space-time, the restriction of interdepartmental physical condition, thus provides comprehensive transparent, specification, height to members of society
Effect, the service of safety.
In recent years, China's e-government development has been achieved for greater advance.But, owing to lacking unified construction mark
Standard, often makes governments at all levels or government have under its command between all departments' government system and defines this new barrier of information island, be respectively
It is difficult to data sharing between system and significantly reduces administrative efficiency.It addition, incomplete electronic government affairs system is often exposed to
Data leak, illegally distort etc. and to threaten under, greatly affect the safety of citizen's information.Existing scholar points out, information resources
Integration is the key issue that electronic government affairs system construction faces after the application system construction upsurge, it is necessary to take effective scheme to beat
Broken administrative information barrier, it is achieved the collaborative intercommunication between each system.
Block chain technology is a kind of novel distributed data organizer risen with digital encryption currency such as bit coin
Method and computing mode.The feature of block chain technology maximum is decentration, and this enables data to realize distributed collective and safeguards,
Data operation, management, maintenance efficiency are greatly improved, and the block chain simultaneously carrying asymmetric encryption techniques possesses high security, energy
Effectively prevent leaking data or illegally distort.These characteristics makes block chain technology be particularly suitable for having highly confidential wanting
The big data operation field asked.At present, block chain technology is incorporated into the necks such as finance, copyright protection, individual's reference by existing scholar
Territory, but it not yet has related application in E-Government field.E-Government relates to numerous administrative content, and data volume is big and has height
Security requirements, it is anticipated that block chain technology has suitable application space in E-Government field.Therefore, how district is utilized
It is the problem having pending systematization research that block chain technology sets up accurate, efficient, safe, pragmatic electronic government affairs system.
Summary of the invention
Based on above-mentioned, the invention provides a kind of electronic government affairs system building method based on block chain technology, be equivalent to
Give a kind of standard that electronic government affairs system is built, it is possible on the premise of ensureing government data tight security, realize data
The distributed maintenance of information, update and share.
A kind of electronic government affairs system building method based on block chain technology, comprises the steps:
(1) carry out demand analysis, specify the service content that electronic government affairs system needs to carry;
(2) utilizing the architecture of block chain technique construction electronic government affairs system, it is from top to bottom by application layer, layout
Layer, service layer and data Layer couple composition successively, and wherein data Layer uses block chain to be packaged government affairs information;
(3) use rivest, shamir, adelman that government affairs information is encrypted protection.
Described step (1) i.e. by the government affairs requirement investigation of routine and carries out demand analysis with user's communication, from
And clear and definite electronic government affairs system needs the service content carried.
The logic first to electronic government affairs system is needed during described step (2) structure electronic government affairs system architecture
Structure is designed: mainly include person in charge, section office, government functionary and the masses totally four entities in electronic government affairs system, often
Individual entity possesses some attributes of self, and inter-entity exists one to one, one-to-many or the contact method of multi-to-multi;Wherein, described
The attribute of person in charge includes name, sex, numbering, age and administrative grade, and person in charge joins with leader one to one
System, and then contacted with section office by leader's one-to-many;The attribute of described section office includes administrative duty, title and other letters
Breath, section office contact with composition of personnel one to one, and then are contacted with government functionary by composition of personnel one-to-many;Described
The attribute of government functionary includes that educational background, numbering, sex, name, age and academic title, government functionary's multi-to-multi join with government affairs
System, and then contacted with the masses by government affairs one-to-many;The attribute of the described masses includes transacting business, numbering and substantially believes
Breath;The attribute of described government affairs includes result, item, date, numbering, applicant and handler.
Described application layer is made up of government portals, client and APP etc., to realize the information between user
Alternately, corresponding to the application layer in block chain Technical Architecture;Described orchestration layer is according in the service needed for electronic government affairs system
Hold, be responsible for synthesis and the layout of administrative services, each administrative services be bound into a flow process, corresponding to block chain Technical Architecture
In contract layer and common recognition layer;Described service layer passes through the performance set characteristic reliably such as Intelligent routing or agreement in order to row
Political affairs service carries out integrated, corresponding to the Internet in block chain Technical Architecture;Described data Layer is for by integrated administration
The government affairs information that service is exported carries out blocking encapsulation and links formation block chain, corresponding to the number in block chain Technical Architecture
According to layer.
Further, block corresponding with each government affairs information in described block chain is made up of block head and block body, district
The current version number of block, the address of a upper block, timestamp, the cryptographic Hash of current block and random it is packaged with in build
Number, then comprises all government affairs change records that are that generate during block creates and that pass through checking in block body;All government affairs become
More record the root by Hash process searching Merkle tree and described root is credited in block head.
In described step (2), the use frequency according to government affairs information and memory requirement, determine government affairs information place block
Link orders and deposit position;Wherein, the block using the high government affairs information of frequency corresponding accesses block chain main chain, uses frequency
Rate is low but block that requisite government affairs information is corresponding accesses block chain side chain.
Described step (3) use D-H rivest, shamir, adelman government affairs information is encrypted protection, detailed process
For: make each department of government be furnished with a PKI KpWith a private key Ks, arbitrary department issues government affairs information and completes blocking envelope
PKI K is used after dresspGovernment affairs information is encrypted, generates ciphertext a*, this process is completed by specific function f, is expressed as a*=f
(a,Kp);When a certain government department to obtain the government affairs information of other departments, use private key KsThis government affairs information is solved
Close, obtain a in plain text, this process is represented by a=f (a*,Ks)。
The present invention is by a kind of distributed decentration that rises with digital encryption currency, referred to as block chain data
Framework and data operation mode are applied to E-Government field;Block chain is formed by the block link that numerous structures are consistent, utilizes
Wherein block completes government data encapsulation, distributed networking mechanism of transmission and the common recognition algorithm of distributed node of band timestamp
Task, can have significant increase government affairs standardized management level and disposal efficiency.Meanwhile, the present invention applies D-in block chain
This rivest, shamir, adelman of H, is encrypted deciphering with two different PKIs and private key cryptographic, it is possible to strengthen significantly respectively
The safety of government affairs information data base.Model architecture and operating mechanism that block chain is complete make it in E-Government field
There is wide application space.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet that electronic government affairs system of the present invention is built.
Fig. 2 is electronic government affairs system hierarchical structure schematic diagram based on block chain technology.
Fig. 3 is the block structure schematic diagram of electronic government affairs system block chain.
Fig. 4 is the logical design E-R figure of electronic government affairs system.
Fig. 5 is encryption and the deciphering schematic flow sheet of government affairs information.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more specifically describe the present invention, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and detailed description of the invention is to technical scheme
It is described in detail.
As it is shown in figure 1, present invention electronic government affairs system building method based on block chain technology, specifically include following step
Rapid:
Step 1, carries out demand analysis, i.e. conventional government affairs requirement investigation and linking up with user, can by demand analysis
The service content carried is needed with clear and definite electronic government affairs system;Then carry out concept, logic, structure design, mainly solve district
Block chain technology is incorporated into the relevant issues that electronic government affairs system is built;Finally, real through a series of system test and adjustment
The application of reaching the standard grade of existing designed system.
Step 2, is incorporated into E-Government System Design by block chain technology.The architecture of block chain technology is from upper
The many levels structures such as application layer, contract layer, common recognition layer, Internet, data Layer are included under and, actual in conjunction with electronic government affairs system
Application needs, and the present invention devises electronic government affairs system concept structure as shown in Figure 2.From figure 2 it can be seen that whole concept
Structure includes application layer, orchestration layer, service layer, four hierarchical structures of data Layer.Each hierarchical structure function and with block chain technology
The corresponding relation of architecture level is as follows:
A. application layer, the form of expression is mainly government portals, it is possible to be client, APP etc., corresponding block chain technology
Application layer in framework.
B. orchestration layer, is responsible for synthesis and the layout of definition administrative services, and administrative services are bound into a flow process, corresponding district
Contract layer in block chain Technical Architecture and common recognition layer.
C. service layer, introduces the performance set reliably such as Intelligent routing or agreement and comes integrated service, corresponding block chain technology
Internet in framework.
D. data Layer, carries out government affairs information blocking encapsulation and is linked into block chain, and aspect information inquiry is with shared, right
Answer the data Layer in block chain Technical Architecture.
Then, according to Fig. 3, government affairs information data are carried out blocking encapsulation.Each block is subdivided into block head and block body
Two parts.Wherein, version number, the address of a upper block, timestamp, current block cryptographic Hash and the random number envelope that block is current
It is contained in block head;The number of transaction of current block and all government affairs change of generation during that verify, block create
More record is encapsulated in block body weight.The root that these government datas find Merkle tree by Hash process charges to block head.
And then, improve electronic government affairs system Logic Structure Design.Figure 4, it is seen that it is main in electronic government affairs system
Including person in charge, section office, government functionary and four entities of the masses, each entity possess again self some attributes such as numbering,
Name etc., and inter-entity exists one to one, one-to-many, three kinds of contact methods of multi-to-multi.
Owing to relevant database is most widely used, it usually needs the relational model by E-R model conversion is correspondence:
A. person in charge's (numbering, name, sex, age, administrative grade);
B. section office's (title, administrative duty, other information);
C. government functionary (numbering, name, sex, age, educational background, academic title);
D. government affairs (number, handle the date, handle item, dispose result, applicant, handler);
E. the masses' (numbering, transacting business, individual's essential information etc.).
Packaged block is linked, forms block chain.According to the different use frequency of government affairs information data with deposit
Storage requirement, determines the link orders of government affairs information block, deposit position.The government affairs information Data-Link using frequency high is connected into block
Chain main chain, uses frequency low but other government data blocks requisite are generally linked into block chain side chain.
Step 3, the present invention takes D-H asymmetric encryption techniques to be as shown in Figure 5 encrypted government affairs information data.Political affairs
Each department of mansion is furnished with a public-key cryptography KpWith private key Ks, all departments use PKI K when issuing government affairs informationpAdd
Close, generate ciphertext a*, this process is completed by specific function, can be expressed as a*=f (a, Kp);When certain government department obtains
During the government affairs information of other departments, use private key KsBeing decrypted, obtain a in plain text, this process can be expressed as a=f (a*,
Ks)。
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is to be understood that for ease of those skilled in the art and apply the present invention.
Above-described embodiment obviously easily can be made various amendment by person skilled in the art, and described herein typically
Principle is applied in other embodiments without through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment, ability
Field technique personnel should be in protection scope of the present invention according to the announcement of the present invention, the improvement made for the present invention and amendment
Within.
Claims (7)
1. an electronic government affairs system building method based on block chain technology, comprises the steps:
(1) carry out demand analysis, specify the service content that electronic government affairs system needs to carry;
(2) utilizing the architecture of block chain technique construction electronic government affairs system, it is from top to bottom by application layer, orchestration layer, clothes
Business layer and data Layer couple composition successively, and wherein data Layer uses block chain to be packaged government affairs information;
(3) use rivest, shamir, adelman that government affairs information is encrypted protection.
Electronic government affairs system building method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the most logical in described step (1)
Cross the government affairs requirement investigation of routine and carry out demand analysis with user's communication, thus clear and definite electronic government affairs system needs lift-launch
Service content.
Electronic government affairs system building method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step (2) builds electricity
Need during sub-government system architecture first the logical structure of electronic government affairs system to be designed: in electronic government affairs system
Including person in charge, section office, government functionary and the masses totally four entities, each entity possesses some attributes of self, inter-entity
Exist one to one, one-to-many or the contact method of multi-to-multi;Wherein, the attribute of described person in charge includes name, sex, volume
Number, age and administrative grade, person in charge contacts with leader one to one, and then is carried out with section office by leader's one-to-many
Contact;The attribute of described section office includes administrative duty, title and other information, and section office join with composition of personnel one to one
System, and then contacted with government functionary by composition of personnel one-to-many;The attribute of described government functionary include educational background, numbering,
Sex, name, age and academic title, government functionary's multi-to-multi contacts with government affairs, and then by government affairs one-to-many and the masses
Contact;The attribute of the described masses includes transacting business, numbering and essential information;The attribute of described government affairs include result,
Item, date, numbering, applicant and handler.
Electronic government affairs system building method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described application layer is by government's door
Website, family, client and APP composition, mutual with the information realized between user;Described orchestration layer is according to E-Government
Service content needed for system, is responsible for synthesis and the layout of administrative services, each administrative services is bound into a flow process;Described
Service layer by the performance set characteristic of Intelligent routing or agreement in order to administrative services are carried out integrated;Described data Layer is used
Carry out blocking encapsulation in the government affairs information integrated administrative services exported and link formation block chain.
Electronic government affairs system building method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: with each political affairs in described block chain
Block corresponding to business information is made up of block head and block body, is packaged with the current version number of block, Shang Yige district in block head
The address of block, timestamp, the cryptographic Hash of current block and random number, then comprise generation during block creates in block body
And through all government affairs change records of checking;All government affairs change records find root and the institute of Merkle tree by Hash process
The root stated is credited in block head.
Electronic government affairs system building method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: basis in described step (2)
The use frequency of government affairs information and memory requirement, determine link orders and the deposit position of government affairs information place block;Wherein, make
The block corresponding by the government affairs information that frequency is high accesses block chain main chain, uses frequency low but requisite government affairs information pair
The block answered accesses block chain side chain.
Electronic government affairs system building method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step (3) uses
D-H rivest, shamir, adelman is encrypted protection to government affairs information, and detailed process is: make each department of government be furnished with a PKI
KpWith a private key Ks, arbitrary department uses PKI K after issuing government affairs information and completing blocking encapsulationpGovernment affairs information is encrypted,
Generate ciphertext a*, this process is completed by specific function f, is expressed as a*=f (a, Kp);When a certain government department to obtain it
During the government affairs information of his department, use private key KsBeing decrypted this government affairs information, obtain a in plain text, this process is represented by a=
f(a*,Ks)。
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