CN106227993B - A kind of union dynamic process simulation method based on Biological Mechanism - Google Patents
A kind of union dynamic process simulation method based on Biological Mechanism Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of union dynamic process simulation method based on Biological Mechanism, the present invention relates to the union dynamic process simulation method based on Biological Mechanism.The invention aims to solve the shortcoming for the complex relationship that existing union dynamic process model is unable between the dynamic change of poroma shape in comprehensive simulation fracture healing process, mechanical environment change, biological environment change.First, the foundation of 3-D geometric model；2nd, the division of grid is carried out；3rd, bone and the biomechanical model of poroma are set up；4th, determine emulation initial parameter and apply load and boundary condition；5th, it is divided into normal blood supply unit and improper blood supply unit, if normal blood supply region then performs six, if improper blood supply region then performs seven；6th, the deterministic mathematical model in normal blood supply region is set up；7th, the fuzzy mathematical model in improper blood supply region is set up；8th, the simulation process of union is set up according to six and seven.The present invention is used for biomedical engineering field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the union dynamic process simulation method based on Biological Mechanism.
Background technology
In fact, not every fracture can be repaired, have sometimes and do not repair or delay reparation, delayed fracture is cured
Close or disunion causes limb pain, dysfunction causes patient to be unemployed, because the fracture etesian sum of accident is larger,
Fracture delayed union or the number of disunion are just very considerable, thus will bring very big social economical burden.Fracture delayed union
Or disunion is due to be influenceed by specific geometrical factor, mechanics factor, biological factor, therefore on fracture healing process
And its influence speed of fracture union and matter quantifier elimination receive much concern always, some harvests are also achieved.But by research hand
Section and the complicated limitation that can not directly observe again of Fracture, although the research in the field is improved all the time, but still have about 5%
Because of a variety of causes delayed union or disunion occur for~10% fracture.
Lack the computer simulation model for being capable of accurate expression union this complex process at present, be not build first
Erect the deterministic dependence formula between mechanics factor and Fracture；Mechanical ring is not fully taken into account in same simulation model
Border and the double influence of biological environment；Simulation modeling is not solved from the individuation model angle set up for special patient to ask
Topic, geometrical model and biomethanics material, which are set, excessively to be simplified, and influences the simulation result of model；Do not consider union
During complex relationship between the dynamic change of poroma shape, mechanical environment change, biological environment change in a computer
Dynamic simulation.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve existing union dynamic process model to be unable to comprehensive simulation union
During complex relationship between the dynamic change of poroma shape, mechanical environment change, biological environment change shortcoming, and propose
A kind of union dynamic process simulation method based on Biological Mechanism.
A kind of union dynamic process simulation method based on Biological Mechanism is realized according to the following steps：
Step 1: the foundation of 3-D geometric model；
Step 2: obtained 3-D geometric model to be imported into mesh generation software to the division for carrying out grid；
Step 3: setting up bone and the biomechanical model of poroma on the basis of the division of grid；
Step 4: on the basis of bone and the biomechanical model of poroma, it is determined that emulation initial parameter and application load and side
Boundary's condition；
Step 5: the design of Simulation of poroma shape dynamic change is carried out on the basis of step 4, for the unit of reservation,
Normal blood supply unit and improper blood supply unit are divided into according to blood supply parameter value；
Blood supply parameter value 100% is normal blood supply region, and it is improper blood supply region that blood supply parameter value, which is less than 100%, such as
Fruit is that normal blood supply region then performs step 6, if improper blood supply region then performs step 7；
Step 6: setting up normal blood supply region under different initial internal stress of bone environment, bone density, cartilage density are with the time
The deterministic mathematical model of change；
Step 7: the fuzzy mathematical model in improper blood supply region is set up, the fuzzy mathematical model in improper blood supply region
Including degree of membership and fuzzy control rule；
Step 8: setting up the simulation process of union according to step 6 and step 7.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
Goal in research of the present invention is to realize union Dynamic Process Modeling and emulation, analogue system based on Biological Mechanism
Possess complexity, dynamic characteristic, individuation characteristic, reliability.By setting up initial fracture interior mechanics parameter and union
Determination relationship between journey rigidity value, realization can reflect the simulation model of mechanical environment influence factor；By setting up power
The fuzzy criterion of relation between parameter, blood vessel blood supply parameter, bone tissue characterisitic parameter three is learned, realization can reflect biological environment shadow
Loud simulation model；Realize that dynamic mechanical is calculated by finite element method, improper blood supply is realized by fuzzy logic controller
The dynamic renewal of region knitting process, the dynamic of poroma shape is realized by the calculating of stress distribution and the selection of limit stress
Update.
The purposes of invention：
(1) by building union dynamic process computer simulation system, the system can be flat as a l-G simulation test
Platform, evaluation and optimization design for the internal fixation apparatus of various adaptation body biomechanicses requirements；For Non-biology risk factors
The test analysis influenceed on bone tissue healing rate and quality；Carry out finding the research for being prevented effectively from fracture method for generation；Due to
The scalability of the simulation model, the platform can also realize the biological factor of some effects knitting process is carried out analysis and
Research.
(2) by building union dynamic process computer simulation system, complicated fracture agglutination can be realized
Prediction, correct operation plan is worked out to doctor and provides guidance, and then is improved success rate of operation, improved healing of fracture, can
Effectively to reduce the situation of nonunion and delayed union, union person is helped to be got well by effective treatment means
Life, mitigates the social economical burden thus brought.
(3) multiplicating experimental study can be carried out using the simulation model set up in computer, it is not necessary to real raw
Thing is tested, and saves the time, improves efficiency, saves expense, it is to avoid humanitarian dispute.
In place of the characteristic of invention：
(1) research of the tradition in terms of influence of the mechanical environment to union process is focused primarily upon is tried by mechanics
Test tries influence of the different mechanical environments to speed of fracture union and last poroma rigidity, is largely qualitative research, does not have
This problem is sought for the purpose of obtaining and determine mathematical modeling from quantitative angle, the present invention is set up according to biomathematics thought
The deterministic mathematical model of fracture internal stress and fracture rigidity.
(2) influence of blood supply state is seldom considered in traditional knitting process simulation model, more blood supply is not rebuild and joined
Number is added to the research in simulation model as dynamic variable, and in the bad region of blood supply environment, poroma formation will be by shadow
Ring, mechanical environment is unstable to limit regenerating for blood vessel, and knitting process is by mechanical environment and biological environment etc.
The complex process of many factors influence, the present invention describes the complex process of union by fuzzy control rule, by blood supply
Rebuild and incorporated as dynamic variable in simulation model.
(3) research work of traditional union emulation is maintained at a static state or only embodies grinding for less dynamic variable
Study carefully level, the concept of the invention by introducing limit stress, the biological characteristics that stress characteristics are generated with poroma is connected,
The fuzzy control rule rebuild by the deterministic mathematical model and blood supply of fracture internal stress and fracture rigidity, final realize can
The dynamic bone agglutination computer for showing poroma metamorphosis, poroma changes in material properties and blood supply process of reconstruction simultaneously is imitated
Very.
It can be drawn by contrast simulation result and experimental data：Union dynamic process based on Biological Mechanism is imitated
True system can constantly update the change of each parameter in fracture healing process, accurate simulation union by effectively calculating.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 a are expansion strain membership function schematic diagram；
Fig. 1 b are distortion strain membership function schematic diagram；
Fig. 1 c are blood, cartilage, bone density membership function schematic diagram；
Fig. 1 d are adjacent cells membership function schematic diagram；
Fig. 1 e are blood change amount membership function schematic diagram；
Fig. 1 f are cartilage density membership function schematic diagram；
Fig. 1 g are bone density membership function schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is union dynamic process simulation route map of the present invention；
Fig. 3 a are structural transformation procedure chart of the present invention；
Fig. 3 b are vascular tissue's transition process figure of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is plus load of the present invention and boundary condition schematic diagram；
A displacement that what Fig. 5 a were changed over time fracture (degree is moved i.e. between bone)) the stable group simulation results of 2mm and experimental data
To this schematic diagram；
A displacement that what Fig. 5 b were changed over time fracture (degree is moved i.e. between bone)) unstable group of simulation result of 3mm and experimental data
To this schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Embodiment one：A kind of union dynamic process simulation side based on Biological Mechanism of present embodiment
Method is specifically what is followed the steps below：
Step 1: the foundation of 3-D geometric model；
Step 2: obtained 3-D geometric model to be imported into mesh generation software to the division for carrying out grid；
Step 3: setting up bone and the biomechanical model of poroma on the basis of the division of grid；
Step 4: on the basis of bone and the biomechanical model of poroma, it is determined that emulation initial parameter and application load and side
Boundary's condition；
Step 5: carrying out the design of Simulation of poroma shape dynamic change on the basis of step 4；
Step 6: setting up normal blood supply region under different initial internal stress of bone environment, bone density, cartilage density are with the time
The deterministic mathematical model of change；
Step 7: the fuzzy mathematical model in improper blood supply region is set up, the fuzzy mathematical model in improper blood supply region
Including degree of membership and fuzzy control rule；
Step 8: setting up the simulation process of union according to step 6 and step 7.
Embodiment two：Present embodiment from unlike embodiment one：It is three-dimensional several in the step one
The foundation of what model；Detailed process is：
Three-dimensional surface reconstruct is carried out to image using the 3 d medical images resurfacing algorithm based on segmentation, three-dimensional is obtained
Geometrical model；
Described image is obtained by image documentation equipment CT, and data memory format is DICOM.
The process of physical model is built by surface model, is exactly by the triangular plate sequence of surface model and upper bottom surface structure
The face chained list of physical model, by surface model vertex sequence build physical model summit chained list, while set up body, ring,
The points relationship of node in side, half of chained list and each chained list.The entity building process expressed with boundary model is by a series of Eulers
Operation is realized.Basic Euler's operation includes following reciprocal 5 couple：MVFS, MEV, MEF, MEKR, KFMRH；KVFS, KEV,
KEF, KEMR, MFKRH.Wherein M represent construction, K represent delete, S, E, V, F, R, H represent respectively body, side, summit, face, ring,
Hole.
Other steps and parameter are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three：Present embodiment from unlike embodiment one or two：Will in the step 2
Obtained 3-D geometric model imported into mesh generation software the division for carrying out grid；Detailed process is：
Because mesh generation software can generate many data, and the present invention only needs to node coordinate and element number, will
To 3-D geometric model imported into MATLAB and pre-processed, only extract target data, generated according to target data follow-up
Two files of element number and node coordinate required for FEM calculation；
Described two files of element number and node coordinate are the file of txt text formattings；
Node coordinate file includes three column datas, and three column datas represent the spatial value of each node respectively；
Element number file includes four column datas, and four column datas are respectively the node ID of four nodes of each unit.
Other steps and parameter are identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four：Unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to three：The step 3
In bone and the biomechanical model of poroma are set up on the basis of the division of grid；Detailed process is：
For bone and the mechanical characteristic of poroma, linear elastic materials, nonlinear material are set up using continuum mechanics theory
Constitutive equation, using green method, by bone and the potential-energy function of poroma come describing mechanical；
Bone is linear elastic materials, and elastic potential energy W (X) is the quadratic function of infinitesimal strain tensor：
In formula, λ, μ is Lame (Lame) constant, ELFor linear strain tensor；
Linear elastic materials element stress calculation formula is：
{ ε }=[S] { σ },
In formula, { σ } is linear elastic materials element stress, and { ε } strains for linear elastic materials unit, and [S] is flexibility matrix；
In formula, E12、E3For modulus of elasticity, ν13、ν12For Poisson's ratio, μ13It is material engineering constant, 1,2,3 for modulus of shearing
The radial direction of bone, tangential and axial direction are represented respectively；
Poroma is nonlinear elastic material, and elastic potential energy W is expressed as：
In formula：I1、I2It is first, second main invariant of strain tensor, β, C respectively1It is material constant respectively；
Nonlinear elastic material element stress calculation formula is：
D σ=DTD ε,
In formula, d σ are nonlinear elastic material element stress, and d ε strain for nonlinear elastic material unit, DTFor tangent line bullet
Property matrix；
Tangential elasticity matrix DTFor：
In formula, E is Green strain tensor.
Other steps and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five：Unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to four：The step 4
In on the basis of bone and the biomechanical model of poroma, it is determined that emulation initial parameter and apply load and boundary condition；Specific mistake
Cheng Wei：
The initial blood supply parameter of each unit, initial structure characterisitic parameter are set according to the actual fracture condition of patient, according to determination
Fracture fixation mode, addition load and boundary condition；
The method that addition load and boundary condition have two kinds of applications, one is to apply displacement, and two be applying power.
Material is rigid or border material is harder than the material that we study, can be by applying on a series of summits
Such contact-impact is simulated in given displacement；If the rigidity of border material is less than or equal to studied material stiffness, can
To be modeled by applying Hookean spring power.
Other steps and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six：Unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to five：The step 5
In the design of Simulation of poroma shape dynamic change is carried out on the basis of step 4, for the unit of reservation, according to blood supply parameter
Value divides into normal blood supply unit and improper blood supply unit；Blood supply parameter value 100% is normal blood supply region, blood supply parameter value
It is improper blood supply region less than 100%, if normal blood supply region then performs step 6, if improper blood supply region
Then perform step 7；；Detailed process is：
By setting critical stress value, the state being distributed according to mechanics, when element stress is more than or equal to critical stress value,
Unit is needs the unit retained, and when element stress is more than or equal to critical stress value, unit is the unit being absorbed by tissue；
For the unit of reservation, normal blood supply unit and improper blood supply unit are divided into according to blood supply parameter value；
Blood supply parameter value 100% is normal blood supply region, and it is improper blood supply region that blood supply parameter value, which is less than 100%, such as
Fruit is that normal blood supply region then performs step 6, if improper blood supply region then performs step 7；
Limit stress the 3rd principal strain ε of maximum3,maxIt is multiplied to calculate with a coefficient e, limit stress=e ε3,max。
It is also the design for carrying out resolving model by finite element theory that the mechanics of whole simulation process, which is resolved,；Utilize granulation
The space distribution of the low stress vector definition poroma of tissue, due to the presence of soft tissue, can be produced in large range of fracture
Motion, thus there may be bigger poroma, the ratio of compression strain maximum intensity allowance be used to determine poroma shape and
Size.
Other steps and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to five.
Embodiment seven：Unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to six：The coefficient e's
Value is between 0-1.
Other steps and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to six.
Embodiment eight：Unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to seven：The step 6
In set up normal blood supply region under different initial internal stress of bone environment, the certainty that bone density, cartilage density are changed over time
Mathematical modeling；Detailed process is：
The inner link that initial analysis is fractured between internal stress and knitting speed；In statistical analysis, selection meets the requirements
Material data, set up healing time and bone density, the relation curve of cartilage variable density；Then normal blood supply region is at the beginning of difference
Under beginning internal stress of bone environment, the deterministic mathematical model that bone density, cartilage density are changed over time is：
F (t)=a (tm-1)+1
F ' (t)=a ' (tm′-1)+1
In formula, a, a ' are coefficient of the blood supply region under different initial internal stress of bone；M, m ' are blood supply region at the beginning of difference
Index under beginning internal stress of bone；F (t) is bone density, and f ' (t) is cartilage density, and t is the time.
Arrangement, statistics and the comparative study of material data；
The research data that selection meets following condition is analyzed：The fracture or phase of injury of blood vessel small (hyperemia is 100%)
Answer region；The record of bone density, cartilage density and the interior motion conditions of fracture has been carried out in process of the test；Initial fracture internal stress is
Know or calculated by step 3 and obtained；Experimental study has continuity, and the result of at least 7 weeks is counted；Fracture mode and portion
Position is close.Classification analysis is carried out to experiment, stress intensity, fixation are passed through to existing test data or newly-designed experimental data
Mode, measuring method, measured, gap are classified；
Experiment material be usually record 8 weeks intrinsic displacements fracture in motion change situation, pass through to set up in fracture and transport
The dynamic variation relation between bone density, cartilage density, test material is united, while determining unified unit and weighing apparatus
Amount standard, these are the bases for carrying out date comprision, and each group experimental data is analyzed respectively and finds out rule and feature.
Set up mainly comprising the following steps for empirical equation：A. according to the tables of data of arrangement, suitable coordinate is chosen, data folding is drawn
Line or scatter diagram；B. according to the shape discriminant function relation of broken line or scatter diagram, regression equation is set up；C. according to regression equation,
Undetermined constant is obtained, and carries out correlation test.
Other steps and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to seven.
Embodiment nine：Unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to eight：The step 7
The middle fuzzy mathematical model for setting up improper blood supply region, the fuzzy mathematical model in improper blood supply region includes degree of membership and mould
Paste control rule；Detailed process is：
Step 7 one, set up membership function；
With hyperemia, cartilage density, three tissue concentration variables of bone density, the hyperemia of adjacent cells, the bone of adjacent cells are close
Degree, expansion strain, distortion two mechanical stimulations of strain describe tissue differentiation as Indistinct Input by 21 fuzzy control rules
Process；Output is used as with the knots modification of hyperemia, bone density, cartilage density；Initially set up 7 inputs, 3 output language variables
Linguistic Value, then based on histology experiment result and cell culture experiments result set up as Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b, Fig. 1 c, Fig. 1 d,
Fig. 1 e, Fig. 1 f, the membership function shown in Fig. 1 g；
The Linguistic Value of 7 inputs, 3 output language variables is set, membership function is set up；
7 input for hyperemia, cartilage density, bone density, hyperemia of adjacent cells, the bone density of adjacent cells, expand answer
Become, distortion is strained；
3 are output as congested knots modification, the knots modification of bone density, the knots modification of cartilage density；
Step 7 two, set up fuzzy control rule；
Fuzzy control rule mainly describes structural transformation process in healing process, and these rules are the bases of fuzzy model,
This research is described using if A and B then C sentence, and its principal mode is as shown in table 1.
Regular 1-4 is reconstructing blood vessel, and specific mistake is referred to as：
The stimulation of hemotoncus causes the capillary regeneration of fracture, and capillary regeneration is produced from already present blood vessel
The process of new blood vessel, and produce biological effect and induction of vascular under the regulation and control of mechanics and rebuild；
Rule 5 and regular 6 is intermembranous ossification, and specific mistake is referred to as：
Intermembranous ossification is a kind of Osteoblast mode of bone uptake, when especially not having Chondrogenesis in osteogenetic process, in film
Ossified is the direct reformulationses that connective tissue changes osteogenic tissue；Initial stage, mesenchymal stem cells MSCs starts propagation aggregation, blood
Pipe generation activity increase, capillary starts to increase；Mesenchymal stem cells MSCs and then develop into Gegenbaur's cell, start to produce
Osteoid；Meanwhile, osteoid starts with identical speed mineralising；In bone surface, promoted to generate new osteoid by Gegenbaur's cell；
And Gegenbaur's cell gradually becomes osteocyte.This Osteoblast mode is only in stable mechanical environment and sufficient blood supply condition
Under, and adjacent cells have higher bone density when can just occur.
Regular 7-9 is the formation of cartilage, and specific mistake is referred to as：
Bad in fixation, fracture site activity is larger, while in the case of with blood supply deficiency, broken ends of fractured bone surrounding tissue
Interior mesenchymal cell just understands differentiating cartilage-forming cell, then produces cartilage.
Regular 10-13 is cartilaginous calcification process, and specific mistake is referred to as：
After the cartilage callus grades are formed, Gegenbaur's cell synthesizes under high stress stimulation and secrets out of procollagen, proteoglycan and sugar
Albumen, constitutes the organic matter of bone；
Procollagen gradually aggregates into collagenous fibres, and is surrounded together by matrix with Gegenbaur's cell, gradually occurs calcification；This
The generation of process is unrelated with blood supply.
Rule 14,15 is chondral ossification process, and specific mistake is referred to as：
In zone of calcifying cartilage, gradually obstacle occurs nutriment for disperse, cartilage cell's gradually apoptosis, and calcified matrix is gradually
Degraded, discharges angiogenesis factor, now, and substantial amounts of capillary and Gegenbaur's cell intrusion, the cartilage matrix of mineralising is gradually produced
Raw osteoid, occurs ossified phenomenon；Therefore, under conditions of blood supply is good, the cartilage of complete calcification could ossify；
In this model, the cartilage of complete calcification is reached with high bone density and low cartilage density meter.Rule not only predicts bone
The increase of density and the reduction for predicting identical quantity cartilage density.
Except the poroma atomization under normal condition, it in expansion strain is 4%~8% that regular 16-21, which is, -4%~-
8%, distortion strain 14%~20% loading environment under caused by bone tissue atrophy or do not produce induce bone tissue differentiation bar
Blood supply, bone density, the cartilage density kept during part is constant；
The structural transformation process that fuzzy rule is mainly described is as shown in Figure 2；
Other steps and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to eight.
Embodiment ten：Unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to nine：The step 8
The middle simulation process that union is set up according to step 6 and step 7；Specific cross is referred to as：
After FEM model is established, solution to model calculation is carried out to FEM model, element stress is drawn, when unit should
When power is more than or equal to critical stress value, unit is single when element stress is more than or equal to critical stress value to need the unit retained
Member is the unit being absorbed by tissue；
For the unit of reservation, normal blood supply unit and improper blood supply unit are divided into according to blood supply parameter value；
Blood supply parameter value 100% is normal blood supply region, and it is improper blood supply region that blood supply parameter value, which is less than 100%,；
If normal blood supply unit, the certainty changed over time by normal blood supply region bone density and cartilage density
Mathematical modeling updates its state；
If improper blood supply unit, change and the bone tissue characteristic of blood supply information are determined by fuzzy mathematical model
Update；
After the completion of repeat step one to step 8；There is no absorbable unit for poroma generation end to the last；
(by the side for deleting corresponding grid cell and unnecessary node)；Specific implementation step is as shown in Figure 3 a, 3 b：
The FEM model include 3-D geometric model, mesh generation, biomechanical model, load and boundary condition,
Emulate initial parameter.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are verified using following examples：
Embodiment one：
A kind of union dynamic process simulation method based on Biological Mechanism of the present embodiment is specifically according to following step
Suddenly prepare：
The healing of sheep fracture of metatarsus is simulated, imposed load size is F=500N on model top, it is assumed that this is in sheep
The maximum power that metatarsal may be born is met enough in normal walking.Bottom is fixed constraint part, and its free degree is 0, bag
Include the displacement in three directions and the rotation in three directions.The placement of external stability frame causes model to occur axial displacement, its
Its direction free degree is 0.Fig. 4 is the plus load of three-dimensional outer fixed lateral osteotomy model and the schematic diagram of fixed constraint.Bone
Modulus of elasticity be 4000, Poisson's ratio is 0.36, and the modulus of elasticity of cartilage is 200, and Poisson's ratio is 0.45, and table 2 is initial blood supply
Parameter and material property parameter are chosen；Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b are respectively the mould of the unstable situation of 2mm gaps stable case and 3mm gaps
Intend result.
The initial blood supply parameter of table 2 and material property parameter are chosen
The present invention can also have other various embodiments, in the case of without departing substantially from spirit of the invention and its essence, this area
Technical staff works as can make various corresponding changes and deformation according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and deformation should all belong to
The protection domain of appended claims of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of union dynamic process simulation method based on Biological Mechanism, it is characterised in that：One kind is based on biology
The union dynamic process simulation method of mechanism is specifically what is followed the steps below：
Step 1: the foundation of 3-D geometric model；
Step 2: obtained 3-D geometric model to be imported into mesh generation software to the division for carrying out grid；
Step 3: setting up bone and the biomechanical model of poroma on the basis of the division of grid；
Step 4: on the basis of bone and the biomechanical model of poroma, it is determined that emulation initial parameter and application load and perimeter strip
Part；
Step 5: the design of Simulation of poroma shape dynamic change is carried out on the basis of step 4, for the unit of reservation, foundation
Blood supply parameter value divides into normal blood supply unit and improper blood supply unit；
Blood supply parameter value 100% is normal blood supply region, and it is improper blood supply region that blood supply parameter value, which is less than 100%, if
Normal blood supply region then performs step 6, if improper blood supply region then performs step 7；
Step 6: setting up normal blood supply region under different initial internal stress of bone environment, bone density, cartilage density are changed over time
Deterministic mathematical model；
Step 7: setting up the fuzzy mathematical model in improper blood supply region, the fuzzy mathematical model in improper blood supply region includes
Degree of membership and fuzzy control rule；
Step 8: setting up the simulation process of union according to step 6 and step 7.
2. a kind of union dynamic process simulation method based on Biological Mechanism according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：The foundation of 3-D geometric model in the step one；Detailed process is：
Three-dimensional surface reconstruct is carried out to image using the 3 d medical images resurfacing algorithm based on segmentation, three-dimensional geometry is obtained
Model；
Described image is obtained by image documentation equipment CT, and data memory format is DICOM.
3. a kind of union dynamic process simulation method based on Biological Mechanism according to claim 2, its feature exists
In：Obtained 3-D geometric model is imported into mesh generation software to the division for carrying out grid in the step 2；Specific mistake
Cheng Wei：
Obtained 3-D geometric model is imported into MATLAB and pre-processed, target data is only extracted, according to target data
Generate two files of element number and node coordinate required for follow-up FEM calculation；
Described two files of element number and node coordinate are the file of txt text formattings；
Node coordinate file includes three column datas, and three column datas represent the spatial value of each node respectively；
Element number file includes four column datas, and four column datas are respectively the node ID of four nodes of each unit.
4. a kind of union dynamic process simulation method based on Biological Mechanism according to claim 3, its feature exists
In：Bone and the biomechanical model of poroma are set up in the step 3 on the basis of the division of grid；Detailed process is：
The constitutive equation of linear elastic materials, nonlinear material is set up using continuum mechanics theory, using green method, is passed through
Bone and the potential-energy function of poroma carry out describing mechanical；
Bone is linear elastic materials, and elastic potential energy W (X) is the quadratic function of infinitesimal strain tensor：
<mrow>
<mi>W</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>X</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mi>&lambda;</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>trE</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msubsup>
<mi>&mu;trE</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msubsup>
</mrow>
In formula, λ, μ is Lame (Lame) constant, ELFor linear strain tensor；
Linear elastic materials element stress calculation formula is：
{ ε }=[S] { σ },
In formula, { σ } is linear elastic materials element stress, and { ε } strains for linear elastic materials unit, and [S] is flexibility matrix；
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In formula, E12For the modulus of elasticity for radially and tangentially forming plane of bone, E3For the axial modulus of elasticity of bone, ν13For
The Poisson's ratio of the radial and axial formation plane of bone, ν12For the Poisson's ratio for radially and tangentially forming plane of bone, ν31For bone
The Poisson's ratio for axially and radially forming plane of bone, μ13For the modulus of shearing of the radial and axial formation plane of bone, μ12For bone
The modulus of shearing for radially and tangentially forming plane of bone, E12、E3、ν13、ν12、ν31、μ13、μ12For material engineering constant, 1,2,3 point
The radial direction of bone, tangential and axial direction are not represented；
Poroma is nonlinear elastic material, and elastic potential energy W is expressed as：
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In formula：I1、I2It is first, second main invariant of strain tensor, β, C respectively1It is material constant respectively；
Nonlinear elastic material element stress calculation formula is：
D σ=DTD ε,
In formula, d σ are nonlinear elastic material element stress, and d ε strain for nonlinear elastic material unit, DTFor tangential elasticity square
Battle array；
Tangential elasticity matrix DTFor：
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In formula, E is Green strain tensor.
5. a kind of union dynamic process simulation method based on Biological Mechanism according to claim 4, its feature exists
In：In the step 4 on the basis of bone and the biomechanical model of poroma, it is determined that emulation initial parameter and application load and side
Boundary's condition；Detailed process is：
The initial blood supply parameter of each unit, initial structure characterisitic parameter are set according to the actual fracture condition of patient, according to the bone of determination
Roll over fixed form, addition load and boundary condition；
The method that addition load and boundary condition have two kinds of applications, one is to apply displacement, and two be applying power.
6. a kind of union dynamic process simulation method based on Biological Mechanism according to claim 5, its feature exists
In：The design of Simulation of poroma shape dynamic change is carried out in the step 5 on the basis of step 4, for the unit of reservation,
Normal blood supply unit and improper blood supply unit are divided into according to blood supply parameter value；Blood supply parameter value 100% is normal blood supply area
Domain, it is improper blood supply region that blood supply parameter value, which is less than 100%, if normal blood supply region then performs step 6, if
Improper blood supply region then performs step 7；Detailed process is：
By setting critical stress value, when element stress is more than or equal to critical stress value, the unit that unit retains for needs, when
When element stress is more than or equal to critical stress value, unit is the unit being absorbed by tissue；
For the unit of reservation, normal blood supply unit and improper blood supply unit are divided into according to blood supply parameter value；
Blood supply parameter value 100% is normal blood supply region, and it is improper blood supply region that blood supply parameter value, which is less than 100%, if
Normal blood supply region then performs step 6, if improper blood supply region then performs step 7；
Limit stress=e ε3,max
In formula, ε3,maxFor maximum 3rd principal strain, e is coefficient.
7. a kind of union dynamic process simulation method based on Biological Mechanism according to claim 6, its feature exists
In：The value of the coefficient e is between 0-1.
8. a kind of union dynamic process simulation method based on Biological Mechanism according to claim 7, its feature exists
In：Normal blood supply region is set up in the step 6 under different initial internal stress of bone environment, bone density, cartilage density are with the time
The deterministic mathematical model of change；Detailed process is：
Set up healing time and bone density, the relation curve of cartilage variable density；Then normal blood supply region is in different initial bones
Under ambient stress, the deterministic mathematical model that bone density, cartilage density are changed over time is：
F (t)=a (tm-1)+1
F ' (t)=a ' (tm′-1)+1
In formula, a, a ' are coefficient of the blood supply region under different initial internal stress of bone；M, m ' are blood supply region in different initial bones
Index under internal stress；F (t) is bone density, and f ' (t) is cartilage density, and t is the time.
9. a kind of union dynamic process simulation method based on Biological Mechanism according to claim 8, its feature exists
In：The fuzzy mathematical model in improper blood supply region, the fuzzy mathematical model in improper blood supply region are set up in the step 7
Including degree of membership and fuzzy control rule；Detailed process is：
Step 7 one, set up membership function；
The Linguistic Value of 7 inputs, 3 output language variables is set, membership function is set up；
7 inputs are hyperemia, cartilage density, bone density, the hyperemia of adjacent cells, the bone density of adjacent cells, expansion strain, abnormal
Become strain；
3 are output as congested knots modification, the knots modification of bone density, the knots modification of cartilage density；
Step 7 two, set up fuzzy control rule；
Regular 1-4 is reconstructing blood vessel, and detailed process is：
The stimulation of hemotoncus causes the capillary regeneration of fracture, and capillary regeneration is that new blood is produced from already present blood vessel
The process of pipe, and produce biological effect and induction of vascular under the regulation and control of mechanics and rebuild；
Rule 5 and regular 6 is intermembranous ossification, and detailed process is：
Intermembranous ossification is the direct reformulationses that connective tissue changes osteogenic tissue；Initial stage, mesenchymal stem cells MSCs starts to increase
Aggregation is grown, angiogenic activity increase, capillary starts to increase；Mesenchymal stem cells MSCs and then to develop into skeletonization thin
Born of the same parents, start to produce osteoid；Meanwhile, osteoid starts with identical speed mineralising；In bone surface, generated newly by Gegenbaur's cell
Osteoid；And Gegenbaur's cell becomes osteocyte；
Regular 7-9 is the formation of cartilage, and detailed process is：
In fracture site activity, in the case that blood supply is not enough, it is thin that the mesenchymal cell in broken ends of fractured bone tissue can be divided into cartilage
Born of the same parents, then produce cartilage；
Regular 10-13 is cartilaginous calcification process, and detailed process is：
After the cartilage callus grades are formed, Gegenbaur's cell synthesizes under stress stimulation and secrets out of procollagen, proteoglycan and glycoprotein, structure
The organic matter of skeletonization；
Procollagen aggregates into collagenous fibres, and is surrounded with Gegenbaur's cell by matrix, occurs calcification；
Rule 14,15 is chondral ossification process, and detailed process is：
In zone of calcifying cartilage, nutriment occur obstacle, articular chondrocyte apoptosis, calcified matrix degraded, release angiogenic growth because
Son, now, capillary and Gegenbaur's cell intrusion, the cartilage matrix of mineralising produce osteoid, occur ossified phenomenon；Therefore, exist
Under conditions of blood supply, the cartilage of complete calcification could ossify；
Regular 16-21 is is 4%~8%, -4%~-8% in expansion strain, under the loading environment of distortion strain 14%~20%
It is constant that caused bone tissue atrophy or no generation induce blood supply, bone density, the cartilage density kept during bone tissue differentiation condition.
10. a kind of union dynamic process simulation method based on Biological Mechanism according to claim 9, its feature exists
In：The simulation process of union is set up in the step 8 according to step 6 and step 7；Detailed process is：
After FEM model is established, solution to model calculation is carried out to FEM model, element stress is drawn, when element stress is big
When equal to critical stress value, unit is needs the unit retained, and when element stress is more than or equal to critical stress value, unit is
The unit being absorbed by tissue；
For the unit of reservation, normal blood supply unit and improper blood supply unit are divided into according to blood supply parameter value；
Blood supply parameter value 100% is normal blood supply region, and it is improper blood supply region that blood supply parameter value, which is less than 100%,；
If normal blood supply unit, qualitative mathematics really are changed over time by normal blood supply region bone density and cartilage density
Its state of model modification；
If improper blood supply unit, by fuzzy mathematical model determine blood supply information change and bone tissue characteristic more
Newly；
After the completion of repeat step one to step 8；There is no absorbable unit for poroma generation end to the last；
The FEM model includes 3-D geometric model, mesh generation, biomechanical model, load and boundary condition, emulation
Initial parameter.
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