CN106227957A - The method of equivalent fissure modeling - Google Patents
The method of equivalent fissure modeling Download PDFInfo
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- CN106227957A CN106227957A CN201610599852.6A CN201610599852A CN106227957A CN 106227957 A CN106227957 A CN 106227957A CN 201610599852 A CN201610599852 A CN 201610599852A CN 106227957 A CN106227957 A CN 106227957A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of equivalent fissure modeling method, the method includes: utilize stochastic modeling method to set up 3-D quantitative geological model, and the crack data explained by imaging logging or conventional logging crack are calculated the density curve in crack;The Geometric Modeling module utilizing petrel software sets up tomography distance analysis model, fracture spacing is reduced by equal proportion, under the constraint of reservoir levels classification phase model, using tomography distance analysis as the second variable, non-conditional simulation method is used to set up fracture spacing model;Arranging the size of the parameter values such as fracture aperture, cutting-in, length, application discrete fracture network modeling sets up fracture network model of analogous outcrop;Roughening discrete fracture network model obtains fracture porosity and penetration rate model, contrast arranges different fracture spacing values, the fracture porosity obtained by the present invention and fracture permeabgility analog result, result shows have higher concordance, shows that the result that the method obtains is the most reliable.Efficiently solve research work area area big, when formation thickness is big and fracture spacing is big, it is difficult to efficiently complete this difficult problem of results of fracture simulation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to modeling field, crack, a kind of method modeled in particular to equivalent fissure.
Background technology
Crack is the key character of carbonate reservoir, and in carbonate formation, important preserving is not only in crack
Space, but also be important fluid neuron network passage, petroleum geology exploration is had particularly significant by the research of fracture reservoir
Meaning.
Currently mainly have three kinds of models for describing the regularity of distribution in crack, i.e. Equivalent Continuum Model, discrete model and combine
Matched moulds type, is most commonly used that discrete model.Build a discrete fracture network model to generally include fracture spacing modeling, discrete split
Seam network modelling and 3 key steps of crack model attributes.Fracture spacing model is i.e. set up in fracture spacing modeling, and it is whole splitting
The basis of seam three-dimensional geological modeling and core.When work area area is bigger, fracture spacing is the biggest, builds a fracture network model of analogous outcrop
Needing the time expended the longest, the foundation sometimes completing a fractured model needs ten several hours the most several days.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problems referred to above that crack modeling method exists, it is provided that one equivalent fissure more single, efficient
The method of modeling, the method solves when research work area area is big, when formation thickness is big and fracture spacing is big, it is difficult to efficiently complete to split
Slit die intends this difficult problem.Can ensure that the fracture porosity finally given and crack are oozed in the case of shortening the results of fracture simulation time
The reasonability of rate analog result thoroughly.
For achieving the above object, the method for a kind of equivalent fissure modeling that the present invention provides, comprise the following steps:
1) utilizing stochastic modeling method to set up 3-D quantitative geological model, the simulation for crack provides tectonic framework;
2) the actual growth density in crack is calculated;
3) the Geometric Modeling module utilizing petrel software sets up tomography distance analysis model;
4) fracture density carries out reduction in various degree, arranges crack characterization parameter, complete under the different fracture spacing of statistics
Become fracture porosity and permeability result that results of fracture simulation required time and simulation obtain;
5) using tomography distance analysis as the second variable, unconditional Method of Stochastic is used to set up fracture spacing model;
6) arranging the size of the parameter values such as fracture aperture, cutting-in, length, application discrete fracture network modeling sets up crack
Network model;
7) roughening discrete fracture network model obtains fracture porosity and penetration rate model, and it is close that contrast arranges different cracks
During angle value, the fracture porosity obtained by the present invention and the analog result of fracture permeabgility, it is judged that the difference between each result
Whether in rational scope.
In technique scheme, step 1) described in set up 3-D quantitative geological model, specifically include: according to study area
Well data and its scope, determine model plane and vertical upper sizing grid.Then the most conventional three-dimensional geological modeling is utilized
Software petrel, with the tomography rod data construct FAULT MODEL of seismic interpretation, using geological layering data as input data construct
FEM layer model, obtains final reservoir three-dimensional geological model.
In technique scheme, step 2) described in calculate the actual growth density in crack, specifically include: pass through imaging
The crack data (including the information such as the inclination angle of fracture development, azimuth, the degree of depth) that well logging or conventional logging crack are explained calculate
To the actual growth density curve in crack, utilize this curve to describe the developmental state in aboveground crack.
In technique scheme, step 3) described in set up tomography distance analysis model, specifically include: with step 1) institute
The FAULT MODEL set up, as input data, by the Geometric Modeling module of petrel software, calculates and has fracture spacing number
According to grid to the distance of tomography.
In technique scheme, step 4) described in fracture density carry out reduction in various degree, crack table is set
Levy parameter, specifically include: according to fracture porosity and fracture permeabgility and fracture length, aperture, the isoparametric relation of cutting-in,
Step 2) on the basis of calculated fracture spacing, fracture density carries out reduction in various degree, and the standard of reduction is wanted
Determine according to work area area, crack, work area actual growth density and formation thickness.
In technique scheme, step 5) described in use unconditional Method of Stochastic to set up fracture spacing model,
Specifically include: according to the understanding of the developmental state to crack, study area, density is grown in different stage crack and gives different
Normal distribution, then obtains fracture development density model by sequential Gaussian simulation method.
In technique scheme, step 6) described in set up fracture network model of analogous outcrop, specifically include: with step 5) in built
Vertical fracture spacing model, as an important restrictions condition of fracture development density, arranges different splitting to different stage crack
The parameter values such as seam aperture, cutting-in, length, application discrete fracture network modeling sets up fracture network model of analogous outcrop.
In technique scheme, step 7) described in set up fracture porosity and fracture permeabgility model, specifically include:
Using step 6) in the fracture network model of analogous outcrop set up as input data, with the gross area of single grid internal fissure and crack not
On the basis of same parameter, carry out fracture porosity and estimate.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
The present invention shortens results of fracture simulation required time by reducing the overall growth density in crack, simultaneously single by strengthening
The parameters such as the aperture of crack, length, height ensure fracture porosity and the reasonability of fracture permeabgility analog result.Based on
It is shorter that the method sets up the time that fractured model needs, and efficiently solves when research work area area is big, and formation thickness is big and crack
When density is big, it is difficult to efficiently complete this difficult problem of results of fracture simulation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of equivalent fissure modeling method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is reservoir three-dimensional geological model schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the actual growth in calculated crack density curve;
Fig. 4 is equivalent fissure modeling method interrupting layer distance analysis model schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is fracture spacing model schematic in equivalent fissure modeling method of the present invention, and Fig. 5 A is that average crack density is
Article 0.1 ,/m time fracture spacing model, Fig. 5 B be average crack density be fracture spacing model during 4/m;
Fig. 6 is fracture network model of analogous outcrop schematic diagram in equivalent fissure modeling method of the present invention, and Fig. 6 A is that average crack density is
Article 0.1 ,/m time fracture network model of analogous outcrop, Fig. 6 B be average crack density be fracture network model of analogous outcrop during 4/m;
Fig. 7 is fracture porosity and i, j, k3 direction fracture permeabgility signal in equivalent fissure modeling method of the present invention
Figure, Fig. 7 A be average crack density be fracture porosity during 0.1/m (on) and the fracture permeabgility mould in i, j, k3 direction
Type (under), Fig. 7 B average crack density be fracture porosity during 4/m (on) and the fracture permeabgility in i, j, k3 direction
Model (under).
Detailed description of the invention
In order to preferably explain the present invention, it is further elucidated with the main contents of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but
Present disclosure is not limited solely to following example.
Instance data is from Rq oil field, and research work area area is 20km2, formation thickness is 500m.Object of study is crack,
Crack is the key character of carbonate reservoir, and in carbonate formation, important reservoir space is not only in crack, and
Or important fluid neuron network passage, utilizes the data in Rq oil field, and the method for equivalent fissure modeling is specific as follows:
1) 3-D quantitative geological model is set up:
Seeing Fig. 2, utilize Method of Stochastic to set up study area 3-D quantitative geological model, in plane, the size of grid is 50
Rice × 50 meters, vertical on according to 2 meters of uniform thickness grid divisions;
2) the actual growth density in calculating crack:
Seeing Fig. 3, the crack data explained by imaging logging or conventional logging crack (include the inclination angle of fracture development, side
The information such as parallactic angle, the degree of depth) it is calculated the growth density curve in crack, utilize this curve to describe the growth feelings in aboveground crack
Condition.Petrel provides 3 kinds of fracture spacinies, respectively body density, line density and surface density, and computing formula is respectively as follows:
Fracture length/volume=fracture length/model meshes volume (2)
Crack/volume=crack quantity/crevice volume (3)
Releasing the computing formula of linear fracture density in model according to formula (2) is:
(4)
According to formula (4) computation model linear fracture density, the average density obtaining crack is 4/m;
3) tomography distance analysis model is set up:
See Fig. 4, by appearing, geological observation think, diaclase grows frequency and tectonic position and tomography
Relevant, it is however generally that distance tomography is the nearest, and fracture development is the most intensive, successively decreases along with the increase of tomography distance.From crack frequency
Plane distribution situation is seen, crack is relatively grown in tectonic axis portion;There is stress disturbance in this external near Faults, also can make local stress
Concentrate, form diaclase, particularly at the crossing of tomography, end, turn end and the evagination position etc. of bending.Therefore build
Tomography distance analysis model carrys out the foundation of restraint crack density model.
4) fracture density carries out reduction in various degree, arranges crack characterization parameter:
Being shown in Table 1, formula (5) and (6) are respectively single group fracture porosity and the theoretical calculation formula of permeability, wherein, Φf
For fracture porosity, KfFor fracture permeabgility, VTFor rock volume, λ is fracture penetration, and l is that crack cuts through the degree of depth, and e is for splitting
Seam aperture, D is fracture interval, and α, β are the angle of FPG axle and fracture surface.
Fracture porosity that needed for completing results of fracture simulation under the different fracture spacing of table 1, simulated time and simulation obtain and infiltration
Rate result statistical table
By the two formula understand the porosity in single group crack mainly to fracture length, highly, aperture and density relevant,
Permeability is mainly relevant to fracture aperture and seam density.Therefore, after reducing the growth density that crack is overall, need a certain degree of
Strengthen the length in wall scroll crack, height and aperture to ensure fracture porosity and the reasonability of permeability analog result.
5) fracture spacing model is set up
See Fig. 5, using tomography distance analysis as the second variable, the average crack density obtained by non-conditional simulation method
It it is 0.1/m and fracture spacing model during 4/m.
6) fracture network model of analogous outcrop is set up
See Fig. 6, using fracture spacing attribute volume as the important restrictions condition of fracture development enrichment degree, use Petrel soft
Part discrete fracture network MBM carries out the stochastic simulation in Small and Medium Sized crack.Set the length in crack, aperture cutting-in respectively
And the parameter such as orientation, layering carries out simulation and the generation of crack sheet.Fig. 6 is that the average crack density utilizing the present invention to set up is
Article 0.1, Small and Medium Sized fracture network model of analogous outcrop during/m and 4/m.
7) fracture porosity and penetration rate model are set up
See that Fig. 7, Petrel software uses Golder technology, fracture network model of analogous outcrop is converted into fracture porosity and permeability
Model.According to study area real data, use Oda data statistics calculation, with the gross area of single grid internal fissure and split
On the basis of the different parameters of seam, carry out porosity and permeability estimation, set up crack attribute model.Fig. 7 builds for utilizing the present invention
Fracture porosity when vertical average crack density is 0.1/m and during 4/m and the fracture permeabgility mould in i, j, k3 direction
Type, it can be seen that analog result relatively, completes results of fracture simulation required time according in table 1 under the different fracture spacinies of statistics
And simulate knowable to the fracture porosity and permeability result obtained, the analog result that equivalent fissure modeling obtains can be reacted and be split
The true distribution of seam porosity and permeability, solves when research work area area is big, when formation thickness is big and fracture spacing is big, difficult
Efficiently to complete this difficult problem of results of fracture simulation.
Other unspecified part is prior art.Although above-described embodiment is made that detailed retouching to the present invention
State, but its a part of embodiment that is only the present invention rather than all embodiment, people can also according to the present embodiment without
Obtaining other embodiments under creative premise, these embodiments broadly fall into scope.
Claims (8)
1. the method for an equivalent fissure modeling, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) utilizing stochastic modeling method to set up 3-D quantitative geological model, the simulation for crack provides tectonic framework;
2) the actual growth density in crack is calculated;
3) the Geometric Modeling module utilizing petrel software sets up tomography distance analysis model;
4) using tomography distance analysis as the second variable, unconditional Method of Stochastic is used to set up fracture spacing model;
5) fracture density carries out reduction in various degree, arranges crack characterization parameter, completes to split under the different fracture spacing of statistics
Slit die intends fracture porosity and the permeability result that required time and simulation obtain;
6) arranging the size of the parameter values such as fracture aperture, cutting-in, length, application discrete fracture network modeling sets up fracture network
Model;
7) roughening discrete fracture network model obtains fracture porosity and penetration rate model, and contrast arranges different fracture spacing values
Time, the fracture porosity obtained by the present invention and the analog result of fracture permeabgility, it is judged that whether the difference between each result
In rational scope.
Equivalent fissure modeling method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step 1) in, according to study area well
Data and its scope, determine model plane and vertical upper sizing grid;Then three-dimensional geological modeling software petrel is utilized, with
The tomography rod data construct FAULT MODEL of seismic interpretation, using geological layering data as input data construct FEM layer model, obtains
Final reservoir three-dimensional geological model.
Equivalent fissure modeling method the most according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that: described step 2) in, surveyed by imaging
The crack data that well or conventional logging crack are explained are calculated the actual growth density curve in crack, utilize this curve to describe
The developmental state in aboveground crack.
A kind of equivalent fissure modeling method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: described step 3) in, with step
Rapid 1) FAULT MODEL set up is as input data, by the Geometric Modeling module of petrel software, calculates and has crack
The grid of density data is to the distance of tomography.
Equivalent fissure modeling method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step 4) in, according to fracture pore
Degree and fracture permeabgility and fracture length, aperture, the isoparametric relation of cutting-in, in step 2) in calculated fracture spacing
On the basis of, fracture density carries out reduction in various degree, and the standard of reduction will be according to work area area, the actual growth in crack, work area
Density and formation thickness are determined.
Equivalent fissure modeling method the most according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that: described step 5) in, according to research
The understanding of the developmental state in crack, district, grows density and gives different normal distributions, then pass through sequence different stage crack
Pass through Gauss analogy method and obtain fracture development density model.
Equivalent fissure modeling method the most according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that: described step 6) in, with step 5) in
The fracture spacing model set up, as an important restrictions condition of fracture development density, arranges difference to different stage crack
Fracture aperture, cutting-in, the parameter value such as length, application discrete fracture network modeling sets up fracture network model of analogous outcrop.
Equivalent fissure modeling method the most according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that: described step 7) in, with step 6) in
The fracture network model of analogous outcrop set up is as input data, with the gross area of single grid internal fissure and the different parameters in crack as base
Standard, carries out fracture porosity and estimate.
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Cited By (9)
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CN107220493A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-29 | 王欣 | Shale gas horizontal well network fracture modeling method based on micro-seismic event |
CN107402176A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-11-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | The determination method and apparatus of fracture porosity |
CN110454127A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-11-15 | 成都理工大学 | A kind of advantageous encryption times window of untraditional reservoir Encryption Well determines method |
CN111771041A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2020-10-13 | 贝克休斯控股有限责任公司 | Method for calculating fracture density from image log |
CN112382351A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-19 | 华南理工大学 | Method for controllably generating defect mesh framework material model based on computer simulation |
CN112785701A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-11 | 成都北方石油勘探开发技术有限公司 | Three-dimensional geological model modeling method |
CN113534247A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2021-10-22 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Quantitative crack prediction method and device based on post-stack seismic data |
CN113704951A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-11-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for establishing permeability model |
CN113704952A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-11-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for establishing permeability model |
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CN107220493B (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2020-04-17 | 王欣 | Shale gas horizontal well network fracture modeling method based on microseism event |
CN107402176A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-11-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | The determination method and apparatus of fracture porosity |
CN111771041A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2020-10-13 | 贝克休斯控股有限责任公司 | Method for calculating fracture density from image log |
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CN110454127A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-11-15 | 成都理工大学 | A kind of advantageous encryption times window of untraditional reservoir Encryption Well determines method |
CN113534247B (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2024-03-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Crack quantitative prediction method and device based on post-stack seismic data |
CN113534247A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2021-10-22 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Quantitative crack prediction method and device based on post-stack seismic data |
CN113704951A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-11-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for establishing permeability model |
CN113704952A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-11-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for establishing permeability model |
CN113704951B (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2022-11-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for establishing permeability model |
CN113704952B (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2022-11-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for establishing permeability model |
CN112382351B (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-03-25 | 华南理工大学 | Method for controllably generating defect mesh framework material model based on computer simulation |
CN112382351A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-19 | 华南理工大学 | Method for controllably generating defect mesh framework material model based on computer simulation |
CN112785701B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2023-06-20 | 成都北方石油勘探开发技术有限公司 | Modeling method of three-dimensional geological model |
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