CN106225689A - Various dimensions displacement measuring device based on survey line - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides various dimensions displacement measuring device based on survey line, including: main equipment and main casing, the anchoring on schedule put with measurement by survey line linker is installed at main casing, the length-measuring appliance measuring survey line length, revises the temperature adjustmemt device that survey line is affected by ambient temperature；Control the damping unit of survey line；With the attitude measuring measuring the aerial angle of survey line；And coordinate recognition device；And wireless communication apparatus and main control module；Additionally arrange standby and auxiliary housing, and be arranged on the interior auxiliary attitude measuring that current measurement point attitude is measured of described auxiliary housing and auxiliary control module；Described main equipment and described additionally arranging standby carry out signal communication and electrically connected by cable.The present invention can consider main equipment simultaneously and additionally arrange the spatial variations of standby installation site, considers the outside environmental elements impact on survey line simultaneously, and can be according to the attitudes vibration round-off error value of survey line so that the result of acquisition is more accurate.

Description

Various dimensions displacement measuring device based on survey line

Technical field

The present invention relates to Geography monitor field, particularly relate to a kind of based on survey line commercial measurement surface displacement or position, surface The various dimensions displacement measuring device moved.

Background technology

In safety monitoring field, for the monitoring method of surface displacement or surface displacement mainly have GNSS, FDR, laser, PSD, bracing wire and interferometer radar etc., the respectively corresponding deformation monitoring achieving point, line, surface, wherein FDR method and interferometer radar method are divided Do not achieve the measurement of line dough-making powder, owing to technology maturity and many solutions problem not yet solve, room can't be widely used at present Outer engineering monitoring environment；Laser and PSD method all use light as measuring medium, be easily subject to ambient light and air quality is done Disturb, limited by a lot of field conditions in engineer applied.At present, at engineering field, surface displacement safety monitoring is applied Most commonly used is GNSS and stay-supported displacement monitor, and this two quasi-instrument has the disadvantage that

(1) GNSS is coordinate measuring system based on satellite fix, can obtain global coordinates value by multi-satellite, then lead to Crossing special static computation, its certainty of measurement is about 5～10mm, and this precision is far from the peace meeting artificial construction structure Full detection requirement；

(2) GNSS system depends directly on satellite signal quality, is unable to reach theoretical precision when atmospheric environment is poor；

(3) high accuracy of GNSS is the difference result through magnanimity measurement data, mass data need several tens minutes time Between could obtain, therefore the ageing aspect in burst deformation can not meet the requirement of accident；

(4) being limited by the operation principle of GNSS, it needs long-time start and substantial amounts of data to transmit, and causes whole monitoring System power consumption increases, and the requirement to network is the highest, and a lot of engineering sites do not possess such condition.

It is simple that stay-supported displacement monitor has principle, and the advantage that precision is high is more and more applied to engineering monitoring In, but it has also been found that a lot of problem in application process, be listed below:

(1) measurement data is single.

The one-dimensional length change on stayguy direction can only be measured, if cannot feel when displacement in other directions is deposited in measured point Know.If measured point be with datum mark (reference point) be the center of circle do arcuate movement deformation time, owing to survey line length does not changes, single Pure one-dimensional survey line cannot perception.

(2) easily obscure when widely applying.

When carrying out engineer applied, different monitoring devices is typically entered by data server with measuring point numbering or phone number Row identifies, identification code is filled up a form by workmen when mounted, then typing server, and this method depends on workmen's Record, when monitoring point is more, the problem that measuring point record entanglement easily occurs, bring to permanent or long term monitoring and follow-up early warning The biggest hidden danger.

(3) deformation of the position of equipment own can not be measured.

Stay-supported ground displacement instrument is the relative variation monitoring of a kind of point-to-point, same for reference point and measured point Time situation about deforming cannot be carried out judging.

(4) there is no corrective action.

Bracing wire (survey line) length can be affected by variations in temperature；Further, since the distance of tested point-to-point transmission is also surveyed The interference of various deformation factor at Dian, such as inclination, rotation etc., if not considered, eliminating one by one, can bring in various degree Length distortion.

(5) there is no bracing wire speed protective measure.

When survey line speed changes rapidly, easily causing pulling force sudden change suffered by survey line, survey line may being caused to break, so that setting Standby occur damaging.

Summary of the invention

The invention aims to provide a kind of based on survey line commercial measurement surface displacement or the various dimensions position of surface displacement Measuring system, this device can reduce fault rate and improve certainty of measurement.

Especially, the various dimensions displacement measuring device based on survey line that the present invention provides, including:

Main equipment, including being arranged on the main casing of datum mark, and be arranged in main casing by survey line linker on schedule and Measuring the anchoring of point, to drawing the length-measuring appliance that survey line length measures, revising ambient temperature affects survey line Temperature adjustmemt device；Control survey line pull-out speed and the damping unit of retraction speed；With the attitude measuring the aerial angle of survey line Measurement apparatus；With the coordinate recognition device identifying current measurement position；And realize wireless communication apparatus and the master of telecommunication Control module；

Additionally arrange standby, including being arranged on the auxiliary housing of monitoring point, and the auxiliary control module being arranged in described auxiliary housing；

Described main equipment and described additionally arranging standby carry out signal communication and electrically connected by cable.

In one embodiment of invention, described anchoring includes being wound with the reel of survey line, through the axle in reel axle center Bar, and the termination of survey line is limited to the limited block at the wire hole of described main casing with stress, and to described reel Applying the constant force device with survey line pull-out direction counter force, described constant force device includes the power being arranged on described axostylus axostyle Wheel, is arranged on the angle pulley of wheels side, is arranged on the constant force wind spring of wheels opposite side, and connects wheels and constant force wind spring And middle part walks around the bracing wire of angle pulley.

In one embodiment of invention, described length-measuring appliance includes a meter being arranged on described reel axostylus axostyle Coil sensor, and the angular displacement sensor contacted with meter coil sensor；The amount of spin of reel is passed to by described meter coil sensor Angular displacement sensor becomes angle variable quantity, and then converses the survey line length of correspondence.

In one embodiment of invention, described main equipment and described additionally arrange standby in be separately installed with its current tilt of measurement The double-axis tilt sensor of state, and measure the electronic compass of its horizontal torsion angle, described main control module is according to described twin shaft The actual measured value of the measured value correction survey line of inclination sensor and described electronic compass.

Invention one embodiment in, described temperature adjustmemt device includes temperature sensor, described main control module according to The value of described temperature sensor, utilizes the temperature coefficient of described survey line to repair described survey line stroke at different temperatures Just.

In one embodiment of invention, also include that pedestal, described main equipment are rotatably installed in by horizontal bearing On described pedestal, described pedestal is provided with the locking system that main equipment described in locking rotates.

In one embodiment of invention, described attitude measuring includes being arranged on ten thousand at the wire hole of described housing To axle, it is arranged on the laser instrument on described universal drive shaft, relative with described laser instrument to receive the light of described laser instrument transmitting laser Speckle position sensor；Described universal drive shaft is with the Orientation differences synchronization control direction of rotation of described survey line.

In one embodiment of invention, described attitude measuring also includes the spool being arranged on described universal drive shaft, Described survey line is passed by described spool, is provided with and increases, with described survey line, the elastic layer rubbed in described spool.

In one embodiment of invention, described damping unit is rotary damper, and described coordinate recognition device is that GPS is fixed Position module.

In one embodiment of invention, described main equipment and additionally arrange and standby use same set of power supply, described power supply is for filling Electricity battery or non-rechargeable battery, described battery is arranged on described main equipment, and additionally arranges standby offer electricity by cable for described Power, the upper surface at described main casing is provided with and absorbs solar energy and supplement the monocrystalline silicon piece of electric power to described power supply.

The present invention can consider main equipment simultaneously and additionally arrange the spatial variations of standby installation site, consider simultaneously external environment because of The element impact on survey line, and can be according to the attitudes vibration round-off error value of survey line so that the result of acquisition is more accurate.By length Degree measurement apparatus can be in the case of minimizing takes up room, it is provided that the linear measure longimetry of greater amount journey.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the various dimensions displacement measuring device structural representation of one embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the various dimensions displacement measuring device structural representation of another embodiment of the present invention；

Double-axis tilt sensor operation principle schematic diagram in Fig. 3 Fig. 1；

The universal drive shaft installation site schematic diagram of attitude measuring in Fig. 4 Fig. 1；

The measurement structure schematic diagram of attitude measuring in Fig. 5 Fig. 1；

The work process schematic diagram of Fig. 6 attitude measuring.

Detailed description of the invention

As it is shown in figure 1, the various dimensions displacement measuring device 100 based on survey line of one embodiment of the present invention, including dividing Be not arranged on that the main equipment 10 of datum mark and being arranged on measures point additionally arranges standby 20, main equipment 10 and additionally arrange standby 20 and entered by cable Row signal communication and electrically connected.

This main equipment 10 include one for the main casing 101 installing various equipment, be provided with in main casing 101: logical Cross the anchoring 11 that survey line 111 linker is put on schedule with measurement, to drawing the linear measure longimetry dress that survey line 111 length measures Put 13, revise the temperature adjustmemt device 17 that survey line 111 is affected by ambient temperature；Survey with the attitude measuring the aerial angle of survey line 111 Amount device 14；With the coordinate recognition device identifying current measurement position；And realize wireless communication apparatus and the master of telecommunication Control module 12.

This additionally arranges the standby 20 auxiliary housings 201 that can include being arranged on monitoring point, and it is interior to current survey to be arranged on auxiliary housing 201 The auxiliary attitude measuring 26 that amount point attitude measures, and auxiliary control module 22.

Anchoring 11 includes a reel being fixed in main equipment 101 110, and the multi-turn being wrapped on reel 110 Survey line 111, survey line 111 can use stainless steel wire rope, in use, pulls the exit of survey line 111 and caused measurement Point.By being arranged on the length-measuring appliance 13 at reel 110, survey line 111 can be obtained by leading point to the length measuring point. This length-measuring appliance 13 can be the multiturn potentiometer being measured reel 110 rotating cycle by resistance change.

From expansion and contraction property of material, when the temperature increases, survey line 111 is elongated, causes the distance value measured to become Little, vice versa.And temperature adjustmemt device 17 can occur in ambient temperature according to survey line 111 length at the specified temperature During change, for the modifying factor survey line 111 length variable quantity caused too high or too low for temperature, so that the measured value of survey line 111 More accurate.Temperature adjustmemt device 17 can use be arranged on the thermometer inside and outside main equipment 101 measure in real time Current Temperatures become Change, and temperature value is sent to main control module 12, main control module 12 obtain the normal measurement of survey line 111 according to preset algorithm Value.

Computational methods can be such that the temperature coefficient τ being obtained survey line 111 used by thermometer measure, with 25 DEG C of environment Time a length of datum length of survey line 111, then the length knots modification under certain ambient temperature is Δ l=(t_n-25)×τ。

When attitude measuring 14 can change according to main equipment 10 and the position additionally arranging standby 20, measure survey line 111 Direction, pitching and roll angle.Attitude measuring 14 specifically can use the method for laser positioning, determine measurement point and Change in location between datum mark, main control module 12 calculates the concrete numerical value of change according to formula, then goes with this concrete numerical value Revise the measurement result of survey line 111.

This coordinate recognition device can complete each main equipment 10 by GPS or GNSS module and additionally arrange the whole world of standby 20 D coordinates value determines, sends this coordinate figure to Master Control Center, each can be measured point and automatically identify, thus keep away Exempt from each data obfuscation measuring point.

This wireless communication module can realize main equipment 10 and carry out data interaction with Master Control Center, it is achieved Monitoring Data sends To Master Control Center or reception from the instruction of Master Control Center.Additionally, main equipment 10 and additionally arranging can also use wireless between standby 20 Communication mode.The data that wireless communication module sends can include aforesaid: EIC equipment identification code, three-dimensional global coordinates, main equipment Attitude (orientation, pitching, roll angle), additionally arrange standby attitude (orientation, pitching, roll angle), survey line length, survey line attitude (side Position, roll angle), temperature, CRC check code etc..

This main control module 12 can be made up of a few partial function modules such as microcontroller chip, switch arrays, digital-to-analogue conversion groups, The control of each several part power supply, data interaction, data acquisition, data calculating, data are completed under microcontroller chip firmware driven by program The observing and controlling work such as wireless transmission, are that the logic of whole equipment performs core.

Additionally arrange the auxiliary attitude measuring 26 for 20 identical with the corresponding component function of main equipment 10 with auxiliary control module 22, only It is for measuring the current state additionally arranging standby 20, and is completed the calculating being correlated with by auxiliary control module 22, then passed to by cable main Control module 12.

In present embodiment, main equipment 10 uses same set of power supplys with additionally arranging standby 20, and concrete power supply is arranged on main equipment 10 On, and provide electric power by cable or wireless mode for additionally arranging standby 20.

Present embodiment can consider main equipment 10 simultaneously and additionally arrange the spatial variations of standby 20 installation sites, outside considering simultaneously The impact on survey line 111 of boundary's environmental factors, and can be according to the attitudes vibration round-off error value of survey line 111 so that the knot of acquisition Fruit is more accurate.Can be in the case of minimizing takes up room by length-measuring appliance, it is provided that the linear measure longimetry of greater amount journey.

As in figure 2 it is shown, in an embodiment of the invention, this anchoring 11 can include being wound with survey line 111 Reel 110, axostylus axostyle 113 through reel 110 axle center, and the termination of survey line 111 is limited to main casing 101 with stress Limited block 112 at wire hole, and reel 110 is applied the constant force device 15 with survey line 111 pull-out direction counter force.

Reel 110 can be fulcrum rotation under the pulling of survey line 111 with axostylus axostyle 113, and active force is executed by constant force device 15 It is added on axostylus axostyle 113, makes the survey line 111 of pull-out can remain tensioned state.Concrete constant force device 15 can include solid The wheels 152 being scheduled on axostylus axostyle 113, is arranged on the angle pulley 153 of wheels 152 side, is arranged on the perseverance of wheels 152 opposite side Power wind spring 151, and connect wheels 152 and constant force wind spring 151 and the bracing wire 154 of angle pulley 153 is walked around at middle part.Angle pulley 153 ranges that can reduce bracing wire 154, reduce stress simultaneously and extend the pulling force distance of constant force wind spring 151.

When survey line 111 pulls reel 110 to rotate, wheels 152 can rotate with bracing wire 154 simultaneously and by bracing wire 154 around On wheels 152, and constant force wind spring 151 applies a contrary pulling force all the time to bracing wire 154, therefore makes the survey line 111 of pull-out All the time being in tensioned state, when survey line 111 bounces back, constant force wind spring 151 is applied to the pulling force on wheels 152, can automatically make volume Cylinder 110 revolution, and survey line 111 is wound on reel 110, until limited block 112 is stuck at wire hole.The present invention uses constant force to roll up Spring 151, as force piece, can have less space availability ratio, the longer length of material for decomposing bracing wire 154, account for Having bigger range under the conditions of same volume, simultaneously because increase for undertaking the spring material length of pulling force, unit is long The power shared on degree material reduces, and can preferably work in elastic range, be not likely to produce permanent plastic deformation.Wheels 152 Diameter can be less than the diameter of reel 110, to reach same biasing effect in the case of paying more small-range.

The termination of survey line 111 can be stuck at wire hole when equipment does not uses by limited block 112, makes the survey line 111 can not Retracting in main casing 101, meanwhile, limited block 112 can resist the pulling force that reel 110 is applied on survey line 111, makes survey line 111 are in stress all the time.Additionally, limited block 112 is additionally operable to the pre-determined bit of survey line 111 when equipment dispatches from the factory, when dispatching from the factory, will survey Line 111 prestretching, makes internal constant force wind spring 151 produce certain stretching, and limited block 112 is fixed, in making whole equipment with survey line 111 Portion produces certain pulling force everywhere, thus the inside survey line 111 that the equipment that avoids is likely to occur in transport and installation process takes off Position problem, and the in-site installation of equipment can be completed without opening protection main casing 101.

Further, for preventing survey line 111 damaged, damping unit can be set at the wire hole of main equipment 10, should Damping unit is for increasing the resistance of survey line 111, it is to avoid survey line 111 is excessive velocities when pull-out or retraction, causes survey line 111 to break Split or anchoring 11 precision reduces.This damping unit can be mounted in the rotary damper at main casing 101 wire hole.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention, this length-measuring appliance 13 can include that is arranged on a reel 110 Axostylus axostyle 113 on meter coil sensor 131, with one with the meter angular displacement sensor 132 that contact of coil sensor 131, meter circle biography Sensor 131 is with reel 110 synchronous axial system, and amount of spin passes to angular displacement sensor 132, and angular displacement sensor 132 Go out the pull-out length of survey line 111 according to angle change calculations, this structure can solve the contradiction between super large range and certainty of measurement Relation.

As it is shown on figure 3, in an embodiment of the invention, for revising because main equipment 10 installation site changes And cause survey line 111 result that the phenomenon of error occurs, can install in main equipment and measure current master 10 heeling condition Double-axis tilt sensor 17, the angle getting final product modifying factor survey line 111 according to double-axis tilt sensor 17 measurement result changes survey The impact of amount result.

In use, double-axis tilt sensor 17 is usually mounted to the upper end with the main equipment 10 of certain altitude, works as master During equipment 10 run-off the straight deformation, causing survey line 111 length to change, (actually measured point is not sent out to cause measuring distortion Raw displacement).Main equipment 10 inclination and distortion deforms caused often caused by the original earth's surface below basis, therefore bi-axial tilt passes The angle change that sensor 17 is measured actually also reflects the change of the shallow surface soil body at this point, is i.e. simultaneously achieved two The ground inclination and distortion monitoring of dimension.

The derivation of equation method that inclination causes survey line 111 length to change may is that and utilizes two dimension angle change (pitching, roll), can simplify respectively and project to, in two corresponding space planes, be then converted to plane geometry problem and process. If the length of main equipment 10 is it is known that when, after main equipment 10 run-off the straight, angle of inclination is by device interior double-axis tilt sensor 17 Measurement obtains, therefore can calculate the survey line 111 length variable quantity caused because of Tilt factor, angle of inclination according to trigonometric function It is one-to-one relationship with survey line 111 variable quantity.

In an embodiment of the invention, measurement main equipment 10 can be installed in main equipment 10 turn round in the horizontal direction The electronic compass 16 of gyration, main control module 12 reversed by main equipment 10 after survey line 111 and during normal place between survey line 111 Variable angle, revises the length varying value of survey line 111.

When main equipment 10 position is fixed, if (azimuth becomes the ground occurred level torsional deflection of main equipment 10 installation place Change), then survey line 111 length changes.As it is shown on figure 3, main equipment 10 occurs orientation rotation to deform, survey line 111 line outlet from Position A is rotated in place B, causes survey line 111 elongated, but actually main equipment 10 does not change to the distance of monitoring point E, Rotate the displacement error brought to elimination of level, then must calculate survey line 111 length caused under the effect of anglec of rotation α and become Change value, is revised.

In triangle AOB, limit OA and OB is all equipment radius, and equipment radius is known conditions, and rotation angle α can pass through equipment Internally installed electronic compass is measured and is obtained, so, triangle AOB can be solved by following formula,

$AB=\left(\sin \frac{\mathrm{\α}}{2}\×OB\right)\×2$

In triangle OEB, limit OB it is known that OE=OA+AE, angle [alpha] it is known that then limit BE solved by following formula,

$BE=\sqrt{{\mathrm{OB}}^2+{\mathrm{OE}}^2-2\×OB\×OE\×cos\mathrm{\α}}$

Survey line length correction value BB then caused because azimuth changes '=BE-AE,

${\mathrm{BB}}^{\′}=\sqrt{{\mathrm{OB}}^2+{\mathrm{OE}}^2-2\×OB\×OE\×cos\mathrm{\α}}-AE$

In above formula, OB is known equipment radius, and OE is that main equipment 10 radiuses+main equipment 10 installs initial survey line length, It is it is known that angle [alpha] is recorded by device interior electronic compass 16.

Electronic compass 16 is in addition to can carrying out survey line 111 length correction, it may also be used for main equipment 10 mount point ground orientation Angle change is monitored.

In an embodiment of the invention, for making main equipment 10 adapt to the change in location of survey line 111, it is also possible to arrange One fixed pedestal 18, this main equipment 10 is rotatably installed on pedestal 18 by horizontal bearing 19, installs on pedestal 18 There is the locking system 191 that locking main equipment 10 rotates.When main equipment 10 non-locking, main equipment 10 can be with the angle of survey line 111 Degree changes and rotates with the pulling force of survey line 111.When need not main equipment 10 and rotating, it is possible to use master is set by locking system 191 Standby 10 are locked on pedestal 18.

As shown in Figure 4,5, in an embodiment of the invention, a kind of knot obtaining survey line 111 current pose is disclosed Structure.This attitude measuring 14 can include the universal drive shaft 141 being arranged at the wire hole of main casing 101, and is arranged on universal Laser instrument 142 on axle 141, with and be mounted opposite to receive laser instrument 142 with laser instrument 142 and launch the facula position of laser and pass Sensor 143.This universal drive shaft 141 can be with the Orientation differences synchronization control direction of rotation of survey line 111.

Length varying value by survey line 111 length and different time points can only measure the length of 111 1 dimensions of survey line Deformation, by installing the universal drive shaft 141 that can rotate freely in two dimensions at wire hole so that it is in outside survey line 111 institute Rotate freely along direction of pull under tension power effect, by measuring when the angle value in the first two dimension, survey can be got Line 111 is when the angle value of the first two dimension.According to space geometry principle, the line of any known length being in space Section, if the space angle of line segment (attitude) it is known that, the three-dimensional distance value of this line segment two-end-point can be calculated by geometric formula Arriving, the variable quantity of the two-end-point three-dimensional distance value of different time points is i.e. the three-dimensional position change of measured point (monitoring point).

In the present invention, pedestal 18 is connected by horizontal bearing 19 with main equipment 10, when survey line 111 direction changes, and trunnion axis Holding the rotation in 19 meeting occurred level directions, universal drive shaft 141 then will not occur to change, with regard to nothing relative to the angle of main casing 101 Method realizes the function of above-mentioned three-dimensional position monitoring.To this end, at above-mentioned horizontal bearing 19 latch design device 191, when locking fill Putting 191 by after locked to horizontal bearing and pedestal 18, the angle of universal drive shaft 141 can be forced to follow survey line 111 and be changed, it is achieved measure prison The purpose of measuring point three-dimensional deflection.

Angle in the anglec of rotation of universal drive shaft 141 horizontal direction and vertical direction can be realized by multiple technologies, such as two Dimension hall sensing technology or Two-dimensional PSD technology etc., be the most only illustrated with Two-dimensional PSD technology.

Under normal circumstances, laser instrument 142 is a vertical angle to the hot spot that light spot position sensor 143 is launched, when ten thousand When axle 141 changes direction with the pulling force of survey line 111, laser instrument 142 can be driven to rotate, the rotation of laser instrument 142 makes it simultaneously The facula position launched to light spot position sensor 143 changes, according to angle change and survey line 111 linear measure longimetry, i.e. Measured point sedimentation change and left and right displacement amount can be calculated.

As shown in Figure 6, some B represents and is installed on the universal drive shaft on main shell 101, and some F is laser instrument 142, and line EB is survey line Length, survey line 111 is fixed on measured point (monitoring point) E, and line FA is the light that laser instrument 142 sends, and light is at universal drive shaft 141 Acting on the lower moment consistent with line direction holding, some A is laser imaging point in Two-dimensional PSD.

In space coordinates O1:

Initial point O1 is positioned at Two-dimensional PSD one summit, i.e. Two-dimensional PSD plane and coordinate axes Y1-Z1 planes overlapping.

Laser beam FA is irradiated to A point on Two-dimensional PSD position sensor, then space coordinates A (x1, y1, the z1)=A of A point (0,y1,z1)。

By PSD circuit, luminous point coordinate y1 and z1 on PSD two dimensional surface can be obtained.

That is: the hot spot coordinate that laser falls on PSD can obtain in real time.

Hot spot and laser rays are projected to plane Y respectively₁O₁X₁And X₁O₁Z₁, right angle three can be obtained the most respectively Dihedral FO₁Y₁' with right angled triangle FO₁Z₁’。

At triangle FO₁Y₁In ', right-angle side FO₁Length known (fixed value), right-angle side OY₁' length is equal to y1 (L_AY1), Then

$\∠\mathrm{\β}1=arctg\frac{L_{AY1}}{L_{FO1}}---\left(1\right)$

At triangle FO₁Z₁In ', right-angle side FO₁Length is it is known that right-angle side OZ₁' length is equal to z1 (L_AZ1), then

$\∠\mathrm{\α}1=arctg\frac{L_{AZ1}}{L_{FO1}}---\left(2\right)$

In space coordinates O2:

L_EBLength known (being recorded by survey line sensor), then in plane EO₂Z₂In, survey line length L_EBThrowing in its plane Shadow length L_EZ2Can be calculated by following formula

L_EZ2=L_BE×cosβ2 (3)

In plane EO₂Y₂In, survey line length L_EBProjected length L in its plane_EY2Can be calculated by following formula

L_EY2=L_BE×cosα2 (4)

Because space coordinates O1 are parallel to each other with O2, and the identical (machine in survey line LEB and laser beam LFA direction in space Under tool rigid structure universal drive shaft conduction, laser beam the most passive with survey line keep direction consistent), then according to similar three Dihedral principle can get

α 2=α 1 (5)

β 2=β 1 (6)

Formula 5, formula 6 are substituted into formula 3, formula 4, can obtain

L_EZ2=L_BE×cosβ1 (7)

L_EY2=L_BE×cosα1 (8)

Because B point (universal drive shaft) overlaps with plane Y2-Z2 of coordinate system O2, thus the coordinate that B point is in O2 coordinate system be B (0, Y2, z2), y2 is i.e. L_BY2, z2 is i.e. L_BZ2。

Y2=L_BY2=L_EY2×sinβ2 (9)

Z2=L_BZ2=L_EZ2×sinα2 (10)

Formula 5,6,7,8 is substituted into formula 9,10, obtains

Y2=L_BE×cosα1×sinβ1 (11)

Z2=L_BE×cosβ1×sinα1 (12)

$L_{EO2}=\frac{L_{BY2}}{\tan \mathrm{\β}2}=\frac{L_{BZ2}}{\tan \mathrm{\α}2}=\frac{L_{BY2}}{\tan \mathrm{\β}1}=\frac{L_{BZ2}}{\tan \mathrm{\α}1}=\frac{L_{EZ2}\×\sin \mathrm{\α}1}{\tan \mathrm{\α}1}=\frac{L_{BE}\×cos\mathrm{\β}1\×sin\mathrm{\α}1}{tan\mathrm{\α}1}---\left(13\right)$

Formula 1, formula 2 are substituted into

$y2=L_{BE}\×cos\left(arctg\frac{L_{AZ1}}{L_{FO1}}\right)\×sin\left(arctg\frac{L_{AY1}}{L_{FO1}}\right)---\left(14\right)$

$z2=L_{BE}\×cos\left(arctg\frac{L_{AY1}}{L_{FO1}}\right)\×sin\left(arctg\frac{L_{AZ1}}{L_{FO1}}\right)---\left(15\right)$

$L_{EO2}=\frac{L_{BE}\×\cos \left(arctg\frac{L_{AY1}}{L_{FO1}}\right)\×\sin \left(arctg\frac{L_{AZ1}}{L_{FO1}}\right)}{\tan \left(arctg\frac{L_{AZ1}}{L_{FO1}}\right)}---\left(16\right)$

Then, monitoring point E is respectively to three distance values relative to a B at three-dimensional

D_x=L_EO2 (17)

D_y=y2 (18)

D_z=z2 (19)

That is:

$D_x=\frac{L_{BE}\×cos\left(arctg\frac{L_{AY1}}{L_{FO1}}\right)\×sin\left(arctg\frac{L_{AZ1}}{L_{FO1}}\right)}{\tan \left(arctg\frac{L_{AZ1}}{L_{FO1}}\right)}---\left(20\right)$

$D_y=L_{BE}\×cos\left(arctg\frac{L_{AZ1}}{L_{FO1}}\right)\×sin\left(arctg\frac{L_{AY1}}{L_{FO1}}\right)---\left(21\right)$

$D_z=L_{BE}\×cos\left(arctg\frac{L_{AY1}}{L_{FO1}}\right)\×sin\left(arctg\frac{L_{AZ1}}{L_{FO1}}\right)---\left(22\right)$

In above formula, L_BE、L_AY1、L_FO1It is and measures the known quantity arrived in real time:

L_BE: the survey line length (the survey line length of universal drive shaft to monitoring point) arrived for length-measuring appliance measurement.

L_AY1、L_FO1: for the two-dimensional coordinate value of the laser facula that Two-dimensional PSD measurement obtains.

Changed by Dx, Dy, Dz length of contrast different time points, the displacement of monitoring point can be calculated.

Above formula does not considers angle and the coordinate sign in space coordinates, can add public affairs to during actual application In formula.

In an embodiment of the invention, can install spool 144 in universal drive shaft 141, survey line 111 is by spool Pass in 144, can arrange in spool 144 and increase, with survey line 111, the elastic layer rubbed.Can be slowed down survey line by this structure 111 pull speed, preferably pulling force is delivered on universal drive shaft 141 simultaneously, makes the change of universal drive shaft 141 and survey line 111 Change keeps consistent.

In an embodiment of the invention, this main equipment 10 can use same set of power supply, power supply with additionally arranging standby 20 Can be rechargeable battery or non-rechargeable battery, power supply be arranged on main equipment 10, and is provided for additionally arranging standby 20 by cable Electric power, the upper surface at main casing 101 can be installed and absorbs solar energy and supplement the monocrystalline silicon piece 102 of electric power to power supply.

So far, although those skilled in the art will appreciate that the multiple of the most detailed present invention of illustrate and describing show Example embodiment, but, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, still can be direct according to present disclosure Determine or derive other variations or modifications of many meeting the principle of the invention.Therefore, the scope of the present invention is it is understood that and recognize It is set to and covers other variations or modifications all these.

Claims (10)

1. various dimensions displacement measuring device based on survey line, it is characterised in that including:

Main equipment, including being arranged on the main casing of datum mark, and and is measured by survey line linker in being arranged on main casing on schedule The anchoring of point, to drawing the length-measuring appliance that survey line length measures, revises the temperature that survey line is affected by ambient temperature Degree correcting device；Control survey line pull-out speed and the damping unit of retraction speed；With the attitude measurement measuring the aerial angle of survey line Device；With the coordinate recognition device identifying current measurement position；And realize wireless communication apparatus and the master control mould of telecommunication Block；

Additionally arrange standby, including being arranged on the auxiliary housing of monitoring point, and the auxiliary control module being arranged in described auxiliary housing；

Described main equipment and described additionally arranging standby carry out signal communication and electrically connected by cable.

Various dimensions displacement measuring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that

Described anchoring includes being wound with the reel of survey line, through the axostylus axostyle in reel axle center, with by the termination of survey line with stress shape State is limited to the limited block at the wire hole of described main casing, and applies described reel and survey line pull-out direction adverse effect The constant force device of power, described constant force device includes the wheels being arranged on described axostylus axostyle, is arranged on the angle pulley of wheels side, It is arranged on the constant force wind spring of wheels opposite side, and connects wheels and constant force wind spring and the bracing wire of angle pulley is walked around at middle part.

Various dimensions displacement measuring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that

Described length-measuring appliance includes a meter coil sensor being arranged on described reel axostylus axostyle, and connects with meter coil sensor The angular displacement sensor touched；The amount of spin of reel is passed to angular displacement sensor and becomes angle change by described meter coil sensor Amount, and then converse the survey line length of correspondence.

Various dimensions displacement measuring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that

Described main equipment and described additionally arrange standby in be separately installed with the double-axis tilt sensor measuring its current tilt state, and survey Measuring the electronic compass of its horizontal torsion angle, described main control module is according to described double-axis tilt sensor and described electronic compass The actual measured value of measured value correction survey line.

Various dimensions displacement measuring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that

Described temperature adjustmemt device includes temperature sensor, and described main control module, according to the value of described temperature sensor, utilizes institute State the temperature coefficient of survey line described survey line stroke at different temperatures is modified.

Various dimensions displacement measuring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that

Also including pedestal, described main equipment is rotatably installed on described pedestal by horizontal bearing, pacifies on described pedestal The locking system rotated equipped with main equipment described in locking.

Various dimensions displacement measuring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that

Described attitude measuring includes the universal drive shaft being arranged at the wire hole of described housing, is arranged on described universal drive shaft Laser instrument is relative with described laser instrument to receive the light spot position sensor of described laser instrument transmitting laser；Described universal drive shaft with The Orientation differences synchronization control direction of rotation of described survey line.

Various dimensions displacement measuring device the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that

Described attitude measuring also includes the spool being arranged on described universal drive shaft, and described survey line is passed by described spool, It is provided with in described spool and increases, with described survey line, the elastic layer rubbed.

Various dimensions displacement measuring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that

Described damping unit is rotary damper, and described coordinate recognition device is GPS locating module.

Various dimensions displacement measuring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that

Described main equipment and additionally arrange and standby use same set of power supply, described power supply is rechargeable battery or non-rechargeable battery, described Battery is arranged on described main equipment, and additionally arranges standby offer electric power by cable for described, and the upper surface at described main casing is pacified Equipped with absorbing solar energy and supplementing the monocrystalline silicon piece of electric power to described power supply.