CN106225237A - A kind of apparatus and method causing metal overtemperature for Simulation of Crude Oil heating furnace fouling - Google Patents
A kind of apparatus and method causing metal overtemperature for Simulation of Crude Oil heating furnace fouling Download PDFInfo
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- CN106225237A CN106225237A CN201610594465.3A CN201610594465A CN106225237A CN 106225237 A CN106225237 A CN 106225237A CN 201610594465 A CN201610594465 A CN 201610594465A CN 106225237 A CN106225237 A CN 106225237A
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
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- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 59
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
- F24H7/02—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid
- F24H7/0208—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid using electrical energy supply
- F24H7/0233—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid using electrical energy supply the transfer fluid being water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/0043—Floors, hearths
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/18—Door frames; Doors, lids, removable covers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D25/00—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D2001/0059—Construction elements of a furnace
- F27D2001/0069—Means to prevent heat conduction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0003—Monitoring the temperature or a characteristic of the charge and using it as a controlling value
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
- F27D21/0014—Devices for monitoring temperature
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of apparatus and method causing metal overtemperature for Simulation of Crude Oil heating furnace fouling.It is characterized in that: described device is made up of heating system, heating system, storing and transporting system and detecting system four part, heating system is made up of body of heater shell, body of heater heat insulation cylinder, refractory brick bearing, body of heater thermal insulation board, body of heater thermal insulating filling, heating stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire, heater strip, burner hearth Soaking disk, heat insulating washer and body of heater decorative cover；Heating system is vertical cylindrical vessel structure, and it includes cylinder bottom plate, the cylinder that is heated, cylinder heat insulation cylinder, cylinder top cover and upper cover thermal insulation layer；Described cylinder bottom plate is metal material to be detected；Heating system seat is placed on heating system top；Storing and transporting system includes liquid valve, articulation, the equal stringing of annulus, liquid feed valve, tapping valve, communicating valve, liquid feeding pump, connection pump, fluid reservoir, cooling tank and agitator；Detecting system includes hearth thermocouple, base plate thermocouple, thermo-couple socket, goes out liquid thermocouple, feed liquor thermocouple, Pressure gauge and effusion meter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dress causing metal overtemperature situation to be simulated test for crude oil heater fouling
Put and analogy method.
Background technology
The heating furnace majority that oil field uses is all fire catridge heater, the most multi-functional four combined into one apparatus.Heating furnace
Being disposed with the structure such as nozzles (burner) and fire cylinder (fire tube and smoke pipe) in housing, gas fuel, at fire combustion inner pipe, passes through
The metallic walls of fire tube and smoke pipe crude oil in housing and Water transport heat.In recent years, the fire catridge heater knot of oil field at home
Dirt phenomenon is on the rise.The fire tube surface deposition dirt layer of fire catridge heater not only reduces the thermal efficiency of heating furnace, and easily
Cause fire tube metal overtemperature, the accident of burning when overtemperature is serious, can be caused.Determine the scale removal cycle of heating furnace the most scientifically and rationally
And improve the fire tube material of heating furnace, this need accurately to measure different dirt layer thickness cause fire tube metal overtemperature degree and
Changing Pattern.But, the fire tube overtemperature detection of on-the-spot heating furnace cannot realize, and the domestic little type simulated also not having this class fills
Put, it is impossible to effective detection data and technological guidance are provided.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the technical problem being previously mentioned in background technology, the invention provides a kind of for Simulation of Crude Oil heating furnace
Fouling causes the apparatus and method of metal overtemperature, utilizes this device can provide effective inspection to the fire tube overtemperature of on-the-spot heating furnace
Survey data and technological guidance.
The technical scheme is that this kind causes the device of metal overtemperature for Simulation of Crude Oil heating furnace fouling, by adding
Hot systems, heating system, storing and transporting system and detecting system four part are constituted, and it is unique in that:
Described heating system is by body of heater shell, body of heater heat insulation cylinder, refractory brick bearing, body of heater thermal insulation board, body of heater thermal insulating filling, heating
Stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire, heater strip, burner hearth Soaking disk, heat insulating washer and body of heater decorative cover are constituted；Described body of heater shell is heat resisting steel material, by justifying
Cylinder is welded into the cylindrical shape at the bottom of band with plectane, is used for containing body of heater heat insulation cylinder, refractory brick bearing, body of heater thermal insulation board, stove inside it
Body thermal insulating filling, heating stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire, heater strip and burner hearth Soaking disk；Described body of heater shell each side opens a small sircle hole,
For inserting thermocouple thermometer；Described body of heater outer casing bottom 4 supporting legs of welding；Described body of heater heat insulation cylinder is adopted with body of heater thermal insulation board
Making with high temperature resistant asbestos material, described body of heater thermal insulation board is circular plate type, and described body of heater heat insulation cylinder is cylindrical shape, each side
Opening a small sircle hole, be used for inserting thermocouple thermometer, described body of heater thermal insulation board and body of heater heat insulation cylinder are placed in outside described body of heater
The inside of shell, forms outermost layer insulating portion；Described refractory brick bearing uses high temperature resistant material, with described body of heater thermal insulating filling group
Become insulated body；Described refractory brick bearing is cylindrical shape, and upper surface is used for laying described heating system, in described refractory brick bearing
There is a boss in chamber, is used for laying described heating stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire, has a little groove, be used for inserting burner hearth on the right side of described refractory brick bearing
Thermocouple；Described body of heater thermal insulating filling uses silicates lightweight bulky grain filler, is filled in adding in described refractory brick bearing
Between heat stove plate and body of heater thermal insulation board, to play the effect of insulated body；Described heating stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire is industrial high temperature resistant electric furnace
Dish, in stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire, cannelure is used for laying electrical heating wire；Described burner hearth Soaking disk uses high temperature resistant material to make, described burner hearth soaking
Dish is scrobicula shape disc, the uniform a large amount of apertures of described burner hearth Soaking disk, makes the even heat of electrical heating wire upwards spread, described
There is a small sircle hole on the right side of burner hearth Soaking disk, be used for inserting hearth thermocouple；Described heat insulating washer is high temperature resistant asbestos material, shape
Shape is annular, is arranged between described refractory brick bearing and cylinder bottom plate；Described body of heater decorative cover uses heat resisting steel material to make,
For the annular of edge lug boss, it is placed in described heating system topmost；
Described heating system is vertical cylindrical vessel structure, and it includes cylinder bottom plate, the cylinder that is heated, cylinder heat insulation cylinder, cylinder
Upper cover and upper cover thermal insulation layer；Described cylinder bottom plate is metal material to be detected, and is identical material with the heating furnace fire tube of simulation
Matter, described cylinder bottom plate is circular flat board, and circumference thread mill drilling is connected with the described cylinder bottom that is heated by bolt；Institute
State cylinder bottom plate one side horizontal directional drill hole, be used for inserting base plate thermocouple；The described cylinder that is heated is to contain oil-water media
Vertical vessel, described in the be heated upper and lower end face of cylinder be flange face, be connected with base plate and upper cover by bolt；At the described cylinder that is heated
Boring three holes on body, lower right side hole is used for being welded to connect feed tube, and right upper portion hole is used for being welded to connect manometer tube, left side
Upper hole is used for being welded to connect drain pipe；Described cylinder heat insulation cylinder is cylindrical shape, uses high temperature resistant asbestos material, is wrapped in described
It is heated on cylinder body outer wall；Described cylinder top cover is circular flat board, and the circumference at described cylinder top cover is holed, by bolt with described
The cylinder top that is heated is connected, and is heated cylinder top for sealing；The upper and lower end face of the described cylinder that is heated is connected with base plate and upper cover
There is refractory seals packing ring at place；Described upper cover thermal insulation layer is circular flat plate shape, and material is high temperature resistant asbestos, by heat-resisting gluing
It is connected on cylinder top cover, is used for reducing top heat and scatters and disappears；
Described heating system and heating system are that two-piece unit formula is installed, and heating system seat is placed on heating system top；
Described storing and transporting system includes liquid valve, articulation, the equal stringing of annulus, liquid feed valve, tapping valve, communicating valve, liquid feeding pump, connection
Pump, fluid reservoir, cooling tank and agitator；Wherein, described liquid feed valve is slide valve, described liquid valve, tapping valve and communicating valve
For stop valve；Described liquid feed valve connects liquid feeding pump outlet and is heated cylinder, switchs feed liquor pipeline passway and tune when being used for testing
Joint feed liquor uninterrupted；Described liquid valve connects be heated cylinder and cooling tank, switchs drain pipe line passage when being used for testing；Described
Tapping valve connects be heated cylinder and fluid reservoir, discharges remaining liquid in the cylinder that is heated after test；Described communicating valve connects
Connection pump discharge in cooling tank and fluid reservoir, for again returning liquid storage by the cooling tank liquid after cooling by connection pump
In tank；The equal stringing of described annulus is straight-run of pipe and a ring tube is welded, wherein, about described ring tube horizontal direction
The uniform aperture in both sides, to ensure uniform discharge opeing or uniform feed liquor, the free end processing pipe screw thread of described straight tube, with described loose joint
Head is tightly connected；
Two equal stringings of annulus are heated in cylinder described in being positioned at, an equal stringing of annulus be arranged horizontally in described in be heated under cylinder
Portion, is connected with feed tube by articulation, and the liquid uniform discharge being used for coming in is to the cylinder bottom that is heated, and another annulus is equal
Stringing is arranged horizontally in the cylinder that is heated portion on the upper side, is connected with drain pipe by articulation, for by the liquid on the cylinder top that is heated
Uniform collection is in drain pipe；
Described articulation is used for connecting the equal stringing of annulus and feed tube or drain pipe；By liquid when described liquid feeding pump is used for testing
Being driven into from fluid reservoir and be heated cylinder, the liquid cooled down in cooling tank is returned storage after test by described connection pump again
In flow container；Described fluid reservoir and cooling tank are atmospheric vertical storage tank, and fluid reservoir is used for storage test liquid, and cooling tank is used for testing
After liquid natural cooling；Described agitator is the two upright paddle agitators of set, and in fluid reservoir and cooling tank, each installation is a set of,
The driving motor of described agitator is placed on fluid reservoir and cooling tank top, drives bottom paddle to rotate, by liquid storage by major axis
Profit liquid in tank and cooling tank stirs；
Described detecting system includes hearth thermocouple, base plate thermocouple, thermo-couple socket, goes out liquid thermocouple, feed liquor thermocouple, pressure
Power table and effusion meter；Wherein, described hearth thermocouple selects high temperature modification thermocouple, is inserted into burner hearth equal outside heating system
Between hot plate and cylinder bottom plate, the temperature of detection burner hearth in time testing；Described base plate thermocouple selects high temperature modification thermocouple, from
It is inserted into outside heating system in the side aperture of cylinder bottom plate, the temperature of detection cylinder bottom plate in time testing；Described thermoelectricity
Even socket is three-way shape structure, both sides processing pipe screw thread, is connected with feed liquor or drain pipe outside the cylinder that is heated；Thermocouple
The aperture of socket the vertical orientation threaded and seal groove of processing, be used for connecting threaded go out liquid thermocouple or feed liquor heat
Galvanic couple, and reach to seal by O RunddichtringO；Described go out liquid thermocouple and feed liquor thermocouple select warm type thermoelectricity in high accuracy
Even, it is encased in thermo-couple socket, is used for detecting liquid temp and feed liquor temperature；Described Pressure gauge select finger or digital display type
Pressure gauge, is encased in the cylinder side that is heated, the pressure condition being heated in cylinder for monitoring；Described effusion meter selects resistance to greasy dirt
Flow meter type, is encased on the feed tube being heated outside cylinder, feed liquor flow during for detecting test.
Simulation of Crude Oil heating furnace is newly-built or heating furnace fire tube after snaking is without during dirt layer to utilize device noted earlier
The method of fire tube metal temperature situation, without dirt layer during the method test, is specifically made up of following steps:
The first step, prepare described device with heating furnace fire tube with the cylinder bottom plate of material, install whole device；
Second step, prepares the oil mixing with water liquid of certain proportioning, joins described device according to oil field mining liquid oil-water ratio
In fluid reservoir；
3rd step, starts the agitator in described fluid reservoir, is stirred by profit liquid；
4th step, starts the liquid feeding pump in described device, opens liquid feed valve and liquid valve, makes test(ing) liquid after heating system
Flow into cooling tank；
5th step, observes the flow meter data in described device, regulates liquid feed valve according to fluid flow set in advance, it is achieved liquid
The circulation process that body is stable；
6th step, starts the heating power supply in described device, according to heating-up temperature set in advance, by hearth thermocouple control
Heater strip reaches set point of temperature；
7th step, after fire box temperature is stable, is recorded fluid flow and fire box temperature, is entered by feed liquor thermocouple measurement
Liquid temp, goes out liquid temp by going out liquid thermocouple measurement, by base plate thermocouple measurement sole plate metal temperature；
8th step, after off-test, opens the tapping valve in described device, heating system remaining liq is discharged into fluid reservoir
In, clean out heating system.
Device noted earlier is utilized to come when Simulation of Crude Oil heating furnace uses the heating furnace fire tube after some cycles to have a dirty layer
The method of the fire tube metal overtemperature situation under the conditions of the decline of metal heat transfer efficiency, has dirty layer, specifically by as follows during the method test
Step is constituted:
The first step, prepares the cylinder bottom plate of the layer method identical material dirty with above-mentioned nothing of described device, installs whole device；
Second step, prepares certain thickness dirt layer on described cylinder bottom plate；
The method of concrete prefabricated dirt layer is: crushed by the dirty layer taking from on-the-spot heating furnace fire tube, dilute with a small amount of water and trace crude oil
After releasing, it is laid on described cylinder bottom plate according to certain thickness, slowly settles and add hot air drying, measure the dirty layer thickness obtained；
3rd step, prepares and the above-mentioned test(ing) liquid identical without dirt layer method, joins in the fluid reservoir of described device；
4th step, starts the agitator in described fluid reservoir, is stirred by profit liquid；
5th step, starts the liquid feeding pump in described device, opens liquid feed valve and liquid valve, makes test(ing) liquid after heating system
Flow into cooling tank；
6th step, observes the flow meter data in described device, according to the fluid flow set without dirt layer method described above, adjusts
Joint liquid feed valve, is allowed to fluid flow identical, it is achieved the circulation process of liquid stabilising；
7th step, starts the heating power supply in described device, according to described above without dirt layer method measure go out liquid and feed liquor
The temperature difference, metal heat transfer efficiency during owing to there being a dirty layer declines, and heightens burner hearth and controls temperature, goes out liquid and feed liquor temperature reaching identical
Difference；
8th step, after fire box temperature is stable, with the fluid flow without dirt layer method described above and go out liquid and feed liquor temperature
Under difference same case, record fire box temperature, by base plate thermocouple measurement sole plate metal temperature；
9th step, after off-test, opens the tapping valve in described device, heating system remaining liq is discharged into fluid reservoir
In, disassemble cylinder bottom plate, remove dirt layer, clean out heating system；
Tenth step, described method is by the test of many times of different-thickness dirt layer and detection, and the sole plate metal temperature recorded is with above
The described same liquid flow without dirt layer method and the sole plate metal temperature comparisons in the case of going out liquid and the feed liquor temperature difference, had
Sole plate metal overtemperature degree during dirt layer, final acquisition reaches the dirty layer thickness marginal value of the service metal temperature upper limit, is thus
Furnace design selection and scale removal cycle provide technological guidance.
There is advantages that it is an object of the invention to develop one can heat for crude oil
Stove fouling causes the midget plant that metal overtemperature situation is simulated, and provides the operation side under simulation heating stove fouling operating mode
Method.The different operating modes that the present invention is directed to crude oil heater are simulated detection, belong to domestic and develop such device first, fill up
The technological gap in this field.Utilize the present invention can carry out lot of experiments and Data Detection by analog, can investigate thoroughly
Crude oil heater fouling causes metal overtemperature situation, determines that scale removal cycle and fire tube material improvement offer technology refer to for heating furnace
Lead, produce for oilfield safety and escort.Additionally, the cylinder bottom plate in the device that is given of the present invention can be replaced with easily and add
Unlike material corresponding to hot stove, the dirty layer component of this device and deposit thickness can arbitrarily adjust, and can conveniently carry out all kinds of
Dirt layer test.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the overall layout chart of device；
Fig. 2 is the main body sectional view of device；
Fig. 3 is the heating system sectional view of device；
Fig. 4 is the body of heater cut-away view of outer cover of heating system；
Fig. 5 is the body of heater heat insulation cylinder sectional view of heating system；
Fig. 6 is the refractory brick bearing sectional view of heating system；
Fig. 7 is the heating stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire axonometric chart of heating system；
Fig. 8 is the burner hearth Soaking disk cutting front view of heating system；
Fig. 9 is the burner hearth Soaking disk top view of heating system；
Figure 10 is the body of heater decorative cover sectional view of heating system；
Figure 11 is heating system and accumulating and the detection phantom of device；
Figure 12 is the cylinder bottom plate cutting front view of heating system；
Figure 13 is the cylinder bottom plate top view of heating system；
Figure 14 is the cylinder sectional view that is heated of heating system；
Figure 15 is the cylinder top cover top view of heating system；
Figure 16 is the annulus equal stringing cutting front view of storing and transporting system；
Figure 17 is the annulus equal stringing top view of storing and transporting system；
Figure 18 is that the thermocouple of detecting system is connected sectional view with socket；
Figure 19 is the thermo-couple socket sectional view of detecting system.
1-hearth thermocouple in figure；2-body of heater shell；3-body of heater heat insulation cylinder；4-refractory brick bearing；5-body of heater thermal insulation board；6-
Body of heater thermal insulating filling；7-heats stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire；8-electrical heating wire；9-burner hearth Soaking disk；10-heat insulating washer；11-base plate thermocouple；12-
Body of heater decorative cover；13-cylinder bottom plate；14-is heated cylinder；15-cylinder heat insulation cylinder；16-liquid valve；17-thermo-couple socket；18-goes out
Liquid thermocouple；19-articulation；The equal stringing of 20-annulus；21-cylinder top cover；22-upper cover thermal insulation layer；23-Pressure gauge；24-feed liquor
Thermocouple；25-liquid feed valve；26-effusion meter；27-tapping valve；28-cylinder bottom plate dirt layer；29-communicating valve；30-liquid feeding pump；31-
Connection pump；32-fluid reservoir；33-cooling tank；34-agitator.
Detailed description of the invention:
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings assembly of the invention structure is described further:
Shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, described device composition includes heating system, heating system, storing and transporting system, detecting system four part.
By shown in Fig. 3 to Figure 10, described heating system is a kind of special vertical heater structure, comprising: outside body of heater
Shell, body of heater heat insulation cylinder, refractory brick bearing, body of heater thermal insulation board, body of heater thermal insulating filling, heating stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire, heater strip, burner hearth Soaking disk,
Heat insulating washer, body of heater decorative cover.
Described body of heater shell is heat resisting steel material, cylinder and plectane are welded into the cylindrical shape at the bottom of band, and internal splendid attire is heated
Other parts of system.Body of heater shell each side opens a small sircle hole, is used for inserting thermocouple thermometer.Outer casing bottom welds
Article 4, higher supporting leg.
Described body of heater heat insulation cylinder and body of heater thermal insulation board are high temperature resistant asbestos material.Body of heater thermal insulation board is circular plate type.Body of heater every
Hot cylinder is cylindrical shape, each side opens a small sircle hole, is used for inserting thermocouple thermometer.Body of heater thermal insulation board is pacified with heat insulation cylinder
It is placed on heating system enclosure, forms outermost layer insulating portion.
Described refractory brick bearing is high-temperature resistant aluminium oxide or silicon carbide material, forms heat insulation master with body of heater thermal insulating filling
Body.Refractory brick bearing is cylindrical shape, and upper surface is used for laying heating system.Refractory brick bearing inner chamber has a boss, is used for pacifying
Put heating stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire.There is a little groove on the right side of refractory brick bearing, be used for inserting hearth thermocouple.Described body of heater thermal insulating filling is light
The expanded vermiculite of matter or other silicates bulky grain filler, for the heating stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire being filled in refractory brick bearing and body of heater
Between thermal insulation board, play the effect of insulated body.Described heating stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire is the conventional high temperature resistant electric heating stove plate of industry, in stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire
Cannelure is used for laying electrical heating wire.Described burner hearth Soaking disk is high-temperature resistant aluminium oxide or silicon carbide material.Burner hearth Soaking disk
For scrobicula shape disc, for completely cutting off the electrical heating wire in stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire and metal cylinder base plate, short circuit when preventing from being energized.Burner hearth soaking
The uniform a large amount of apertures of dish, make the even heat of electrical heating wire upwards spread.There is a small sircle hole on the right side of burner hearth Soaking disk, be used for inserting
Enter hearth thermocouple.Described heat insulating washer is high temperature resistant asbestos material, is shaped as annular, is arranged on refractory brick bearing and cylinder
Between base plate, not only seal heat insulation, and buffer and when heating system is laid, refractory brick bearing is collided with.Described body of heater decorative cover is
Heat resisting steel material, for the annular of edge lug boss, is placed in heating system topmost, plays location and protective effect, prevents from being subject to
When hot systems is laid, body of heater heat insulation cylinder is collided with.
By shown in Figure 11 to Figure 15, described heating system is a kind of vertical cylindrical vessel structure, comprising: at the bottom of cylinder
Plate, the cylinder that is heated, cylinder heat insulation cylinder, cylinder top cover, upper cover thermal insulation layer.
Described cylinder bottom plate is metal material to be detected, with the identical material of heating furnace fire tube of simulation, such as heating furnace
Conventional Q245R carbon steel, 15CrMo steel alloy, 304 rustless steels etc..Cylinder bottom plate is circular flat board, and circumference thread mill drilling is logical
Crossing bolt and be connected with the cylinder bottom that is heated, demounting bolt just can change cylinder bottom plate easily.In cylinder bottom plate one side level
Holing in direction, is used for inserting base plate thermocouple.The described cylinder that is heated is the vertical vessel containing oil-water media.The cylinder that is heated is upper and lower
End face is flange face, is connected with base plate and upper cover by bolt.Be heated three holes of cylinder left and right sidetracking, and lower right side hole is used for welding
Connecing feed tube in succession, right upper portion hole is used for being welded to connect manometer tube, and left upper portion hole is used for being welded to connect drain pipe.Described
Cylinder heat insulation cylinder is cylindrical shape, and material is high temperature resistant asbestos, is wrapped in by binding method and is heated on cylinder body outer wall, is used for reducing
Lateral heat scatters and disappears.Described cylinder top cover is circular flat board, and circumference is holed, is connected with the cylinder top that is heated by bolt, is used for
Sealing is heated cylinder top.There is refractory seals packing ring the upper and lower end face of the described cylinder that is heated with base plate and upper cover connecting place.Institute
Stating upper cover thermal insulation layer is circular flat plate shape, and material is high temperature resistant asbestos, is bonded on cylinder top cover by heat-resistant adhesive, is used for subtracting
Few top heat scatters and disappears.
Described heating system and heating system are that two-piece unit formula is installed, and heating system seat is placed on heating system top.Only
Base plate thermocouple to be extracted out, it is possible to heating system is lifted down from heating system top, in order to change cylinder bottom plate, cleaning
It is heated cylinder, the prefabricated dirt operation such as layer.
Shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Figure 16, Figure 17, described storing and transporting system includes: liquid valve, articulation, the equal stringing of annulus, enter
Liquid valve, tapping valve, communicating valve, liquid feeding pump, connection pump, fluid reservoir, cooling tank, agitator.Described liquid feed valve is slide valve, goes out liquid
Valve, tapping valve, communicating valve are stop valve.Described liquid feed valve connects liquid feeding pump outlet and is heated cylinder, switch when being used for testing into
Liquid pipeline passway and regulation feed liquor uninterrupted.Described liquid valve connects be heated cylinder and cooling tank, switchs when being used for testing
Drain pipe line passage.Described tapping valve connects be heated cylinder and fluid reservoir, discharges remaining liquid in the cylinder that is heated after test
Body.Described communicating valve connects the connection pump discharge in cooling tank and fluid reservoir, for being passed through even by the cooling tank liquid after cooling
Logical pump is returned in fluid reservoir again.The equal stringing of described annulus is straight-run of pipe and a ring tube is welded.Ring tube water
Square to the left and right uniform aperture in both sides, to ensure uniform discharge opeing or uniform feed liquor.Straight tube free end processing pipe screw thread, with loose joint
Head is tightly connected.
Having two equal stringings of annulus in the described cylinder that is heated, it is on the lower side that equal stringing of annulus is arranged horizontally in the cylinder that is heated
Portion, is connected with feed tube by articulation, and the liquid uniform discharge being used for coming in is to the cylinder bottom that is heated；Another annulus is equal
Stringing is arranged horizontally in the cylinder that is heated portion on the upper side, is connected with drain pipe by articulation, for by the liquid on the cylinder top that is heated
Uniform collection is in drain pipe.Two annulus equal stringing top-bottom layout, beneficially liquid heat backward upper vertical convection.Described work
Joint is used for connecting the equal stringing of annulus and feed tube or drain pipe, convenient dismounting, in order to clean the equal stringing of annulus and be subject to
Hot cylinder.
Described liquid feeding pump with connect pump and be and can carry the sump (waste oil) pump of oil-water mixture.Wherein, liquid feeding pump is used for testing
Time liquid be driven into from fluid reservoir be heated cylinder；The liquid cooled down in cooling tank is returned after test by connection pump again
In fluid reservoir.Described fluid reservoir and cooling tank are conventional atmospheric vertical storage tank.Wherein, fluid reservoir is used for storage test liquid
Body；Cooling tank liquid natural cooling after test.Described agitator is the upright paddle agitator that two sets are conventional, fluid reservoir
Respectively install a set of with cooling tank.The driving motor of agitator is placed on fluid reservoir and cooling tank top, drives bottom by major axis
Paddle rotates, and is stirred by the profit liquid in fluid reservoir and cooling tank.
Shown in Fig. 2, Figure 18, Figure 19, described detecting system includes: hearth thermocouple, base plate thermocouple, thermocouple are inserted
Seat, go out liquid thermocouple, feed liquor thermocouple, Pressure gauge, effusion meter.
Described hearth thermocouple selects high temperature modification thermocouple, is inserted at the bottom of burner hearth Soaking disk and cylinder outside heating system
Between plate, the temperature of detection burner hearth in time testing.Described base plate thermocouple selects high temperature modification thermocouple, outside heating system
It is inserted in the side aperture of cylinder bottom plate, the temperature of detection cylinder bottom plate in time testing.Described thermo-couple socket is threeway
Shape and structure, both sides processing pipe screw thread, it is connected with feed liquor or drain pipe outside the cylinder that is heated；Thermo-couple socket intermediate vertical
The aperture of the threaded and seal groove of direction processing, be used for connecting threaded go out liquid thermocouple or feed liquor thermocouple, and pass through O
RunddichtringO reaches to seal.Described go out liquid thermocouple and feed liquor thermocouple select warm type thermocouple in high accuracy, be encased in thermoelectricity
In even socket, it is used for detecting liquid temp and feed liquor temperature.Described Pressure gauge select finger or digital display type Pressure gauge, be encased in
Be heated cylinder side, the pressure condition being heated in cylinder for monitoring.When the pressure in the cylinder that is heated is higher, stop examination immediately
Test, check whether pipeline and the equal stringing of annulus have clogging.Described effusion meter selects the flow meter type of resistance to greasy dirt, is encased in
It is heated on the feed tube outside cylinder, feed liquor flow during for detecting test.
Below in conjunction with being embodied as case, the operational approach of the present invention is described further:
Described analog can be with the fire tube metal overtemperature situation under the conditions of two kinds of conventional production status of Simulation of Crude Oil heating furnace, work
Condition (one) is newly-built or heating furnace fire tube after snaking is without metal temperature situation during dirt layer, and operating mode (two) is for using certain week
When the heating furnace fire tube of after date has dirty layer, owing to metal heat transfer efficiency reduces, liquid heating-up temperature is inadequate, needs for ensureing to produce
Want, strengthen quantity combusted (such as opening big natural gas nozzles), cause the situation of the fire tube metal overtemperature of heating furnace.
Corresponding operating mode (), without dirt layer situation, is embodied as case method and is made up of following steps:
The first step, prepare described device with heating furnace fire tube with the cylinder bottom plate of material, such as commonly use Q245R material, install
Good whole device；
Second step, according to the oil-water ratio of oil field mining liquid, the most common volume proportion 20% crude oil+80% water, mixed preparing is tried
Test liquid, join in the fluid reservoir of described device；
3rd step, starts the agitator in described fluid reservoir, is stirred by profit liquid；
4th step, starts the liquid feeding pump in described device, opens liquid feed valve and liquid valve, makes test(ing) liquid after heating system
Flow into cooling tank；
5th step, observes the flow meter data in described device, regulates liquid feed valve, such as liquid according to fluid flow set in advance
Body flow-control is 2L/min, it is achieved the circulation process of liquid stabilising；
6th step, starts the heating power supply in described device, and according to heating-up temperature set in advance, such as fire box temperature control is
800 DEG C, control heater strip by hearth thermocouple and reach set point of temperature；
7th step, after fire box temperature is stable, records fluid flow and fire box temperature；Entered by feed liquor thermocouple measurement
Liquid temp, measured value is 22 DEG C；Going out liquid temp by going out liquid thermocouple measurement, measured value is 72 DEG C；Surveyed by base plate thermocouple
Amount sole plate metal temperature, measured value is 328 DEG C；
8th step, after off-test, opens the tapping valve in described device, heating system remaining liq is discharged into fluid reservoir
In, clean out heating system.
Owing to indoor temperature during test of many times there may be difference, the test(ing) liquid temperature in fluid reservoir can be made to occur
Small change, for eliminating the test error that room temperature change produces, deducts feed liquor temperature obtain with the liquid temp that goes out of heated liquid
The heating temperature difference represent the Important Parameters of effective heat duty of actual heating furnace, the corresponding operating mode () without dirt layer, on
Stating and being embodied as the heating temperature difference that case method obtains is 276 DEG C.
Corresponding operating mode (two) has dirty layer situation, is embodied as case method and is made up of following steps:
The first step, prepares the cylinder bottom plate of the layer method identical material dirty with above-mentioned nothing of described device, installs whole device；
Second step, cylinder bottom plate in said device is prepared certain thickness dirt layer；
The method of concrete prefabricated dirt layer is: crushed by the dirty layer taking from on-the-spot heating furnace fire tube, dilute with a small amount of water and trace crude oil
After releasing, being laid on described cylinder bottom plate according to certain thickness, slowly settle and add hot air drying, measuring dirt layer thickness is 24mm；
3rd step, prepares and the above-mentioned test(ing) liquid identical without dirt layer method, such as volume proportion 20% crude oil+80% water, adds
In the fluid reservoir of described device；
4th step, starts the agitator in described fluid reservoir, is stirred by profit liquid；
5th step, starts the liquid feeding pump in described device, opens liquid feed valve and liquid valve, makes test(ing) liquid after heating system
Flow into cooling tank；
6th step, observes the flow meter data in described device, sets identical fluid flow according to above-mentioned without dirt layer method,
Such as fluid flow controls to be 2L/min, regulates liquid feed valve, is allowed to fluid flow identical, it is achieved the circulation process of liquid stabilising；
7th step, starts the heating power supply in described device, according to above-mentioned without dirt layer method measure go out liquid and the feed liquor temperature difference
276 DEG C, owing to there being metal heat transfer efficiency during dirty layer to decline, heighten burner hearth and control temperature, when fire box temperature is increased to 970 DEG C,
Reach identical and go out liquid and the feed liquor temperature difference 276 DEG C；
8th step, after fire box temperature is stable, with the above-mentioned fluid flow 2L/min without dirt layer method and go out liquid and feed liquor
In the case of the temperature difference 276 DEG C is identical, record fire box temperature 970 DEG C, by base plate thermocouple measurement sole plate metal temperature be
368℃；
9th step, after off-test, opens the tapping valve in described device, heating system remaining liq is discharged into fluid reservoir
In, disassemble cylinder bottom plate, remove dirt layer, clean out heating system；
Tenth step, preset multiple thickness dirt layers, such as: 15mm, 31mm, 40mm, 46mm, utilize described method to carry out test of many times
And detection, obtain the sole plate metal temperature corresponding to different-thickness dirt layer, see following table:
| Dirt layer thickness | 0mm | 24mm | 31mm | 40mm | 46mm | 50mm |
| Sole plate metal temperature | 328℃ | 368℃ | 395℃ | 436℃ | 457℃ | 481℃ |
As can be seen from the above table, in the identical fluid flow of operating mode () and operating mode (two) and the situation that goes out liquid and the feed liquor temperature difference
Under, there is the sole plate metal temperature of dirty layer higher than the sole plate metal temperature without dirt layer, and along with dirt layer thickeies, sole plate metal temperature
Raise the biggest.
What the sole plate metal of described method was selected is the Q245R material that crude oil heater fire tube is conventional, and it recommends temperature
The degree upper limit is 430 DEG C, exceedes this temperature long term high temperature and uses, and Q245R can occur pearlitic spheroidization, graphitization, high-temerature creep to add
Acute, intensity drastically descends degradation phenomenon, produces potential safety hazard.
As can be seen from the above table, when dirt layer thickness reaches 40mm, the temperature as the Q245R material of sole plate metal is higher than
It recommends temperature upper limit 430 DEG C, and dirt layer is the thickest, and metal overtemperature degree is the biggest, therefore, at heating furnace certain operating mode (profit
Ratio, fluid flow and go out liquid and the feed liquor temperature difference) in the case of, determine that its dirty layer thickness deposited cannot be greater than 40mm, thus
Technological guidance is provided for furnace design selection and scale removal cycle.
Claims (3)
1. cause a device for metal overtemperature for Simulation of Crude Oil heating furnace fouling, by heating system, heating system, accumulating system
System and detecting system four part are constituted, it is characterised in that:
Described heating system is by body of heater shell, body of heater heat insulation cylinder, refractory brick bearing, body of heater thermal insulation board, body of heater thermal insulating filling, heating
Stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire, heater strip, burner hearth Soaking disk, heat insulating washer and body of heater decorative cover are constituted；Described body of heater shell is heat resisting steel material, by justifying
Cylinder is welded into the cylindrical shape at the bottom of band with plectane, is used for containing body of heater heat insulation cylinder, refractory brick bearing, body of heater thermal insulation board, stove inside it
Body thermal insulating filling, heating stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire, heater strip and burner hearth Soaking disk；Described body of heater shell each side opens a small sircle hole,
For inserting thermocouple thermometer；Described body of heater outer casing bottom 4 supporting legs of welding；Described body of heater heat insulation cylinder is adopted with body of heater thermal insulation board
Making with high temperature resistant asbestos material, described body of heater thermal insulation board is circular plate type, and described body of heater heat insulation cylinder is cylindrical shape, each side
Opening a small sircle hole, be used for inserting thermocouple thermometer, described body of heater thermal insulation board and body of heater heat insulation cylinder are placed in outside described body of heater
The inside of shell, forms outermost layer insulating portion；Described refractory brick bearing uses high temperature resistant material, with described body of heater thermal insulating filling group
Become insulated body；Described refractory brick bearing is cylindrical shape, and upper surface is used for laying described heating system, in described refractory brick bearing
There is a boss in chamber, is used for laying described heating stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire, has a little groove, be used for inserting burner hearth on the right side of described refractory brick bearing
Thermocouple；Described body of heater thermal insulating filling uses silicates lightweight bulky grain filler, is filled in adding in described refractory brick bearing
Between heat stove plate and body of heater thermal insulation board, to play the effect of insulated body；Described heating stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire is industrial high temperature resistant electric furnace
Dish, in stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire, cannelure is used for laying electrical heating wire；Described burner hearth Soaking disk uses high temperature resistant material to make, described burner hearth soaking
Dish is scrobicula shape disc, the uniform a large amount of apertures of described burner hearth Soaking disk, makes the even heat of electrical heating wire upwards spread, described
There is a small sircle hole on the right side of burner hearth Soaking disk, be used for inserting hearth thermocouple；Described heat insulating washer is high temperature resistant asbestos material, shape
Shape is annular, is arranged between described refractory brick bearing and cylinder bottom plate；Described body of heater decorative cover uses heat resisting steel material to make,
For the annular of edge lug boss, it is placed in described heating system topmost；
Described heating system is vertical cylindrical vessel structure, and it includes cylinder bottom plate, the cylinder that is heated, cylinder heat insulation cylinder, cylinder
Upper cover and upper cover thermal insulation layer；Described cylinder bottom plate is metal material to be detected, and is identical material with the heating furnace fire tube of simulation
Matter, described cylinder bottom plate is circular flat board, and circumference thread mill drilling is connected with the described cylinder bottom that is heated by bolt；Institute
State cylinder bottom plate one side horizontal directional drill hole, be used for inserting base plate thermocouple；The described cylinder that is heated is to contain oil-water media
Vertical vessel, described in the be heated upper and lower end face of cylinder be flange face, be connected with base plate and upper cover by bolt；At the described cylinder that is heated
Boring three holes on body, lower right side hole is used for being welded to connect feed tube, and right upper portion hole is used for being welded to connect manometer tube, left side
Upper hole is used for being welded to connect drain pipe；Described cylinder heat insulation cylinder is cylindrical shape, uses high temperature resistant asbestos material, is wrapped in described
It is heated on cylinder body outer wall；Described cylinder top cover is circular flat board, and the circumference at described cylinder top cover is holed, by bolt with described
The cylinder top that is heated is connected, and is heated cylinder top for sealing；The upper and lower end face of the described cylinder that is heated is connected with base plate and upper cover
There is refractory seals packing ring at place；Described upper cover thermal insulation layer is circular flat plate shape, and material is high temperature resistant asbestos, by heat-resisting gluing
It is connected on cylinder top cover, is used for reducing top heat and scatters and disappears；
Described heating system and heating system are that two-piece unit formula is installed, and heating system seat is placed on heating system top；
Described storing and transporting system includes liquid valve, articulation, the equal stringing of annulus, liquid feed valve, tapping valve, communicating valve, liquid feeding pump, connection
Pump, fluid reservoir, cooling tank and agitator；Wherein, described liquid feed valve is slide valve, described liquid valve, tapping valve and communicating valve
For stop valve；Described liquid feed valve connects liquid feeding pump outlet and is heated cylinder, switchs feed liquor pipeline passway and tune when being used for testing
Joint feed liquor uninterrupted；Described liquid valve connects be heated cylinder and cooling tank, switchs drain pipe line passage when being used for testing；Described
Tapping valve connects be heated cylinder and fluid reservoir, discharges remaining liquid in the cylinder that is heated after test；Described communicating valve connects
Connection pump discharge in cooling tank and fluid reservoir, for again returning liquid storage by the cooling tank liquid after cooling by connection pump
In tank；The equal stringing of described annulus is straight-run of pipe and a ring tube is welded, wherein, about described ring tube horizontal direction
The uniform aperture in both sides, to ensure uniform discharge opeing or uniform feed liquor, the free end processing pipe screw thread of described straight tube, with described loose joint
Head is tightly connected；
Two equal stringings of annulus are heated in cylinder described in being positioned at, an equal stringing of annulus be arranged horizontally in described in be heated under cylinder
Portion, is connected with feed tube by articulation, and the liquid uniform discharge being used for coming in is to the cylinder bottom that is heated, and another annulus is equal
Stringing is arranged horizontally in the cylinder that is heated portion on the upper side, is connected with drain pipe by articulation, for by the liquid on the cylinder top that is heated
Uniform collection is in drain pipe；
Described articulation is used for connecting the equal stringing of annulus and feed tube or drain pipe；By liquid when described liquid feeding pump is used for testing
Being driven into from fluid reservoir and be heated cylinder, the liquid cooled down in cooling tank is returned storage after test by described connection pump again
In flow container；Described fluid reservoir and cooling tank are atmospheric vertical storage tank, and fluid reservoir is used for storage test liquid, and cooling tank is used for testing
After liquid natural cooling；Described agitator is the two upright paddle agitators of set, and in fluid reservoir and cooling tank, each installation is a set of,
The driving motor of described agitator is placed on fluid reservoir and cooling tank top, drives bottom paddle to rotate, by liquid storage by major axis
Profit liquid in tank and cooling tank stirs；
Described detecting system includes hearth thermocouple, base plate thermocouple, thermo-couple socket, goes out liquid thermocouple, feed liquor thermocouple, pressure
Power table and effusion meter；Wherein, described hearth thermocouple selects high temperature modification thermocouple, is inserted into burner hearth equal outside heating system
Between hot plate and cylinder bottom plate, the temperature of detection burner hearth in time testing；Described base plate thermocouple selects high temperature modification thermocouple, from
It is inserted into outside heating system in the side aperture of cylinder bottom plate, the temperature of detection cylinder bottom plate in time testing；Described thermoelectricity
Even socket is three-way shape structure, both sides processing pipe screw thread, is connected with feed liquor or drain pipe outside the cylinder that is heated；Thermocouple
The aperture of socket the vertical orientation threaded and seal groove of processing, be used for connecting threaded go out liquid thermocouple or feed liquor heat
Galvanic couple, and reach to seal by O RunddichtringO；Described go out liquid thermocouple and feed liquor thermocouple select warm type thermoelectricity in high accuracy
Even, it is encased in thermo-couple socket, is used for detecting liquid temp and feed liquor temperature；Described Pressure gauge select finger or digital display type
Pressure gauge, is encased in the cylinder side that is heated, the pressure condition being heated in cylinder for monitoring；Described effusion meter selects resistance to greasy dirt
Flow meter type, is encased on the feed tube being heated outside cylinder, feed liquor flow during for detecting test.
2. one kind utilize device described in claim 1 Simulation of Crude Oil heating furnace is newly-built or heating furnace fire tube after snaking is without dirt
The method of fire tube metal temperature situation during layer, without dirt layer during the method test, is specifically made up of following steps:
The first step, prepare device described in claim 1 with heating furnace fire tube with the cylinder bottom plate of material, install whole dress
Put；
Second step, prepares the oil mixing with water liquid of certain proportioning, joins claim 1 according to the oil-water ratio of oil field mining liquid
In the fluid reservoir of described device；
3rd step, starts the agitator in described fluid reservoir, is stirred by profit liquid；
4th step, starts the liquid feeding pump in device described in claim 1, opens liquid feed valve and liquid valve, make test(ing) liquid pass through
Cooling tank is flowed into after heating system；
5th step, observes the flow meter data in device described in claim 1, regulates feed liquor according to fluid flow set in advance
Valve, it is achieved the circulation process of liquid stabilising；
6th step, starts the heating power supply in device described in claim 1, according to heating-up temperature set in advance, passes through burner hearth
Thermocouple controls heater strip and reaches set point of temperature；
7th step, after fire box temperature is stable, is recorded fluid flow and fire box temperature, is entered by feed liquor thermocouple measurement
Liquid temp, goes out liquid temp by going out liquid thermocouple measurement, by base plate thermocouple measurement sole plate metal temperature；
8th step, after off-test, opens the tapping valve in device described in claim 1, is discharged by heating system remaining liq
In fluid reservoir, clean out heating system.
3. one kind utilizes device described in claim 1 to carry out Simulation of Crude Oil heating furnace to use the heating furnace fire tube after some cycles to have dirt
The method of the fire tube metal overtemperature situation under the conditions of the decline of metal heat transfer efficiency during layer, has dirty layer, specifically during the method test
It is made up of following steps:
The first step, prepare device described in claim 1 and material identical with method described in claim 2 cylinder bottom plate,
Install whole device；
Second step, prepares certain thickness dirt layer on cylinder bottom plate described in claim 1；
The method of concrete prefabricated dirt layer is: crushed by the dirty layer taking from on-the-spot heating furnace fire tube, dilute with a small amount of water and trace crude oil
After releasing, it is laid on described cylinder bottom plate according to certain thickness, slowly settles and add hot air drying, measure the dirty layer thickness obtained；
3rd step, prepares the test(ing) liquid identical with method described in claim 2, joins the storage of device described in claim 1
In flow container；
4th step, starts the agitator in described fluid reservoir, is stirred by profit liquid；
5th step, starts the liquid feeding pump in device described in claim 1, opens liquid feed valve and liquid valve, make test(ing) liquid pass through
Cooling tank is flowed into after heating system；
6th step, observes the flow meter data in device described in claim 1, the liquid that method sets according to claim 2
Body flow, regulates liquid feed valve, is allowed to fluid flow identical, it is achieved the circulation process of liquid stabilising；
7th step, starts the heating power supply in device described in claim 1, and what method measured according to claim 2 goes out liquid
With the feed liquor temperature difference, metal heat transfer efficiency during owing to there being a dirty layer declines, and heightens burner hearth and controls temperature, with reach identical go out liquid with
The feed liquor temperature difference；
8th step, after fire box temperature is stable, with the fluid flow of method described in claim 2 and go out liquid and the feed liquor temperature difference
Under same case, record fire box temperature, by base plate thermocouple measurement sole plate metal temperature；
9th step, after off-test, opens the tapping valve in device described in claim 1, is discharged by heating system remaining liq
In fluid reservoir, disassemble cylinder bottom plate, remove dirt layer, clean out heating system；
Tenth step, described method passes through test of many times and detection, the sole plate metal temperature recorded and the right of different-thickness dirt layer
Sole plate metal temperature comparisons in the case of requiring the same liquid flow of method described in 2 and going out liquid and the feed liquor temperature difference, is had
Sole plate metal overtemperature degree during dirt layer, final acquisition reaches the dirty layer thickness marginal value of the service metal temperature upper limit, is thus
Furnace design selection and scale removal cycle provide technological guidance.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610594465.3A CN106225237B (en) | 2016-07-26 | 2016-07-26 | A kind of device and method leading to metal overtemperature for Simulation of Crude Oil heating furnace fouling |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610594465.3A CN106225237B (en) | 2016-07-26 | 2016-07-26 | A kind of device and method leading to metal overtemperature for Simulation of Crude Oil heating furnace fouling |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112697838A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-04-23 | 山东理工大学 | Indoor soil fire simulation test device and test method thereof |
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| CN106225237B (en) | 2019-04-09 |
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