CN106224370A - 一种钢挂铜双金属项圈轴承 - Google Patents

一种钢挂铜双金属项圈轴承 Download PDF

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CN106224370A
CN106224370A CN201610777650.6A CN201610777650A CN106224370A CN 106224370 A CN106224370 A CN 106224370A CN 201610777650 A CN201610777650 A CN 201610777650A CN 106224370 A CN106224370 A CN 106224370A
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bearing
steel
coppering
necklace
bimetallic
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徐灿军
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Zhuji 31 Drive Technology Co Ltd
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Zhuji 31 Drive Technology Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C17/12—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
    • F16C33/1095—Construction relative to lubrication with solids as lubricant, e.g. dry coatings, powder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/14—Special methods of manufacture; Running-in
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
    • F16C2204/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2220/00—Shaping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2223/00—Surface treatments; Hardening; Coating
    • F16C2223/30—Coating surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
    • F16C2300/02—General use or purpose, i.e. no use, purpose, special adaptation or modification indicated or a wide variety of uses mentioned

Abstract

一种钢挂铜双金属项圈轴承，包括轴承基体，所述轴承基体为优质碳钢轴套，所述轴承基体内壁或外壁上气离心浇铸有金属铜，轴承基体和金属铜的结合面呈熔融状态并相互扩散形成金属扩散层，所述金属扩散层的厚度为3‑5μm。本发明的轴承结构强度高，耐磨性好，且轴承的两种金属结合的结构稳定，受外界温度、压强能环境影响小，适用范围广。

Description

一种钢挂铜双金属项圈轴承
技术领域
本发明涉及轴承技术领域，尤其涉及一种钢挂铜双金属项圈轴承。
背景技术
在机械制造的主要领域，如工程机械、起重机械、矿山机械等领域，常有重载低速的工况而难于润滑。为解决这个问题，本行业内开始制造铜合金镶嵌石墨固体润滑剂，最后精加工而成。这种产品虽然具有改善润滑性能和增加耐磨性的优点，但存在着承载力小、抗冲击性能差的弱点。在上述领域的这种工况条件差的场合，使用寿命仍不够理想；同时他是一种整体式的轴承，全部采用昂贵的有色金属——铜为原料，相应的制造成本和实用维修成本高。所以国内外的厂家试图采用在钢套内壁上镀铜、烧结或喷涂的方法，但是粉末冶金烧结工艺或喷涂工艺都存在着致密性差的缺点，与此同时钢基和烧结或喷图层的结合力差。
故急需一种可制造由纯铜和钢相结合的高强度、高耐磨性轴承的技术，使其具有纯铜的耐磨优点，又可节省铜原料。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种钢挂铜双金属项圈轴承，该轴承的结构强度高，耐磨性好，且轴承的两种金属结合的结构稳定，受外界温度、压强能环境影响小，适用范围广。
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供的技术方案是：一种钢挂铜双金属项圈轴承，包括轴承基体，所述轴承基体为优质碳钢轴套，所述轴承基体内壁或外壁上气离心浇铸有金属铜，轴承基体和金属铜的结合面呈熔融状态并相互扩散形成金属扩散层，所述金属扩散层的厚度为3-5μm。
作为优选，所述轴承本体的侧壁上还开设有润滑孔，所润滑孔内镶嵌有固体润滑柱。
作为优选，所述固体润滑柱为石墨润滑柱。
一般实际生产时，铜的浇筑厚度为2-3mm即可。
本发明的制作工艺如下：1.制作轴承基体：先按所需规格选用相应的优质碳钢轴套毛坯，将其制成要求尺寸的轴承基体毛坯，再进行表面处理和氧化加热，浸泡药水除去污渍。2.用特制的离心碾压机，在真空环境下反复碾压熔融状态下的铜金属和碳钢。3.在轴承上镶嵌固体润滑剂。4.精加工，成品检测。
本发明提供的一种钢挂铜双金属项圈轴承具有以下优点：通过在优质碳钢表面浇铸金属铜的形式制造的轴承，其两种金属之间金相结合，可直接复合和调整任一工作面及铜厚度，产品结合力强，具有钢的机械隆性能和铜合金的减磨性能，完全可以取代全铜制品。且其结构稳定，受外界温度、压强能环境影响小，即其可适应不同环境下温度和压强的改变且尺寸变形量小，如适用于从西藏到深圳的火车上，还可以根据设计需要在不同面或者复杂的面上进行一层或多层的铜浇铸，使得产品的适用性更广。同时两种金属的金相结合的设计，散热性能好，可将轴承运作过程中产生的热量及时转移。另外，在轴承上镶嵌固体润滑柱，达到自我润滑的目的。
按照上述方案制造的产品，物理性能测试实验结果：
一、耐磨性能一览表
二、切片冷冻试验
切片主要部位，在钢背和铜融合层各1毫米，长100毫米，宽30毫米，在零下80度冷冻试验后、融合面无任何剥离现象。外形尺寸和形状、位置公差符合图纸要求。
三、S型弯曲试验
把长100毫米，宽30毫米，钢背和铜融合层各1毫米，经多次对折弯曲180度又反复展平，融合层无任何剥离现象。
附图说明
图1是本发明的金属扩散层的金相图；
图2是本发明的一种实施例结构示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
如图1和2所示钢基铜合金镶嵌型固体润滑轴承，包括轴承基体1，所述轴承基体1为优质碳钢轴套，所述轴承基体1内壁或外壁上气离心浇铸有金属铜2，轴承基体1和金属铜2的结合面呈熔融状态并相互扩散形成金属扩散层，所述金属扩散层的厚度为3-5μm。
所述轴承本体的侧壁上还开设有润滑孔3，所润滑孔3内镶嵌有固体润滑柱。
所述固体润滑柱为石墨润滑柱。
具体制作工艺
1.制作轴承基体：先按所需规格选用相应的碳钢轴套1毛坯，将其制成要求尺寸的轴承基体1毛坯，再进行表面处理和氧化加热，浸泡药水除去污渍。2.用特制的离心碾压机，在真空环境下反复碾压熔融状态下的铜金属和碳钢。3.在轴承上镶嵌固体润滑剂。4.精加工，成品检测。

Claims (3)

1.一种钢挂铜双金属项圈轴承，包括轴承基体（1），其特征在于：所述轴承基体（1）为碳钢轴套，所述轴承基体（1）内壁或外壁上气离心浇铸有金属铜（2），轴承基体（1）和金属铜（2）的结合面呈熔融状态并相互扩散形成金属扩散层，所述金属扩散层的厚度为3-5μm。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种钢挂铜双金属项圈轴承，其特征在于：所述轴承本体的侧壁上还开设有润滑孔（3），所润滑孔内镶嵌有固体润滑柱。
3.根据权利要求2所述一种钢挂铜双金属项圈轴承，其特征在于：所述固体润滑柱为石墨润滑柱。
CN201610777650.6A 2016-08-31 2016-08-31 一种钢挂铜双金属项圈轴承 Pending CN106224370A (zh)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1129160A (zh) * 1995-09-26 1996-08-21 曲成祥 铜-铁复合结构粉末冶金及制造该冶金使用的合金添加锭
US6273972B1 (en) * 1998-01-14 2001-08-14 Federal-Mogul Wiesbaden Gmbh & Co.Kg Stratified composite material for sliding elements and method for the production thereof
CN101012853A (zh) * 2007-01-18 2007-08-08 浙江长盛滑动轴承有限公司 钢基铜合金镶嵌固体润滑轴承及其制法
JP2008544196A (ja) * 2005-06-28 2008-12-04 フェデラル−モーグル コーポレイション 滑り軸受の製造方法
CN103727131A (zh) * 2012-10-13 2014-04-16 南车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 制作钢基双面铜合金轴承毛坯的骨架和以其制备钢基双面铜合金轴承毛坯及其轴承的方法
CN103920860A (zh) * 2014-05-09 2014-07-16 三一重工股份有限公司 一种钢背铜合金双金属轴套的离心铸造方法
CN104259438A (zh) * 2014-09-28 2015-01-07 贵州安吉航空精密铸造有限责任公司 铜钢双金属铸造改进技术
CN105370733A (zh) * 2015-12-03 2016-03-02 门晓昕 一种双金属轴套及其制造方法

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1129160A (zh) * 1995-09-26 1996-08-21 曲成祥 铜-铁复合结构粉末冶金及制造该冶金使用的合金添加锭
US6273972B1 (en) * 1998-01-14 2001-08-14 Federal-Mogul Wiesbaden Gmbh & Co.Kg Stratified composite material for sliding elements and method for the production thereof
JP2008544196A (ja) * 2005-06-28 2008-12-04 フェデラル−モーグル コーポレイション 滑り軸受の製造方法
CN101012853A (zh) * 2007-01-18 2007-08-08 浙江长盛滑动轴承有限公司 钢基铜合金镶嵌固体润滑轴承及其制法
CN103727131A (zh) * 2012-10-13 2014-04-16 南车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 制作钢基双面铜合金轴承毛坯的骨架和以其制备钢基双面铜合金轴承毛坯及其轴承的方法
CN103920860A (zh) * 2014-05-09 2014-07-16 三一重工股份有限公司 一种钢背铜合金双金属轴套的离心铸造方法
CN104259438A (zh) * 2014-09-28 2015-01-07 贵州安吉航空精密铸造有限责任公司 铜钢双金属铸造改进技术
CN105370733A (zh) * 2015-12-03 2016-03-02 门晓昕 一种双金属轴套及其制造方法

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