CN106222362B - A kind of method of refining of spring steel - Google Patents
A kind of method of refining of spring steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN106222362B CN106222362B CN201610585085.3A CN201610585085A CN106222362B CN 106222362 B CN106222362 B CN 106222362B CN 201610585085 A CN201610585085 A CN 201610585085A CN 106222362 B CN106222362 B CN 106222362B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/076—Use of slags or fluxes as treating agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of refining of spring steel, including converter smelting, LF ladle refinings, RH application of vacuum and it is blown into inert gas, in converter steelmaking process, the content of carbon is 0.15~0.25wt% in molten steel when controlling tapping, and CaO SiO are used in LF ladle refining process2MgO slag systems, basicity are 1.8~2.5, and refining slag component includes：CaO 50~60wt%, SiO222~28wt%, Al2O33~6wt%, MgO 10~15wt%, MnO+FeO 0.5~1wt%, CaF22~4.5wt%；Pass through CaO SiO in LF ladle refining process2The selection of MgO slag systems, the basicity of refining slag, and the component of control refining slag is controlled to reduce nonmetallic inclusionsin steel, and refining slag reduces the erosion to protecting ladle liner.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of metallurgical manufacturing, and in particular to a kind of method of refining of spring steel.
Background technology
Spring steel builds required critical material as Grand Equipments manufacture and key state project, is widely used in flying
In the various equipment such as the means of transports such as machine, automobile, rail truck and engineering machinery, be the various spiral springs of manufacture, torsion spring, leaf spring and
The material of the other shapes spring of its similar effect.In view of the condition of work of spring steel is more severe, it is desirable to which spring steel must have
There is excellent combination property；Simultaneously from energy-conservation and economy, and mitigating the means of transport weight sides such as automobile, motorcycle
Face, also require to mitigate spring weight, higher requirement thus is proposed to the quality of spring steel.
The quality of the spring steel and chemical composition of steel, Cleanliness of Molten Steel (gas, harmful element, field trash) and slab quality
(component segregation, decarburization and its surface appearance) is related, wherein, gas content [N], [H], [O] they are to cause spring failing in steel
During brittle failure the main reason for one of, the non-metallic inclusion (species, size, distribution etc.) in spring steel be influence spring it is tired
An important factor for labor performance.For spring steel, control of the iron company to non-metallic inclusion mainly has two kinds both at home and abroad at present
Method：One kind is low alkalinity refining slag system method of refining；One kind is high alkalinity refining slag system method of refining.Refined using high alkalinity
Slag can effectively reduce oxygen content and non-metallic inclusion in steel, but for the high spring steel of silicone content, it is difficult to obtain alkali
The refining slag spent more than 4.
The method that China controls non-metallic inclusion using low alkalinity slag system, as Chinese invention patent (authorizes publication number
CN104056871B, authorized announcement date 2016.03.09) disclose a kind of spring steel wire production work for being used to control field trash
Skill, steel inclusion denaturation is made into low melting point Silicate inclusion thing by low alkalinity slag system, but this technique easily causes silicon in steel
Hydrochlorate type impurity is exceeded.The method that China controls non-metallic inclusion using high alkalinity slag system, such as patent of invention (Granted publication
Number CN102162068B, authorized announcement date 2013.07.31) a kind of spring steel and its manufacture and heat treatment method are disclosed, it is given birth to
Production. art is：Electric furnace-LF-VD- continuous castings-rolling-heat treatment, basicity of slag control is refined in LF 2.5~3.0, passes through heat treatment
Technique can obtain the intensity of needs, and still, the high alkalinity refining slag system that basicity is 2.5~3.0 is easily caused B type impurities in steel
It is not easy to remove, influences the fatigue behaviour of spring steel.Chinese invention patent (application publication number CN103510020A data of publication of application
2014.01.15 a kind of spring steel wire rod and its inclusion control method) are provided, it passes through silicon after converter tapping steel with high carbon and stove
Manganese alloy carries out deoxidation, and the oxygen content in steel control of refining terminal ensures that steel inclusion width dimensions are little in 20~40ppm
In 10um, field trash length-width ratio is more than 3, and its shortcoming is the oxygen content for having in steel higher (20~40ppm), and spring was failing
Easy brittle failure in journey.
Document " Al2O3-SiO2Influence of-CaO the refining slag systems to 55SiCrA INCLUSION MODIFICATION IN SPRING STEEL PRODUCTIONs " is (special
Steel, 2013,34 (3)) describe with 1.0~1.2 low basicity slag basicity and≤8%A12O3Refining slag can control the folder in spring steel
Debris form.But although use low basicity slag basicity can effectively reduce B type impurity quantity, the increasing of C type impurities is easily caused
It is more, influence the fatigue behaviour of steel.Document " spring steel 100t DC EAF-LF-VD flow al-free deoxidations process practice " (special steel,
2010,31 (3)) in recorded and use 2.30-6.89%Al2O3, 25.38-33.13%SiO2, 52.87-63.95%CaO,
3.55-10.88%MgO, 0.001-1.41%MnO, 0.16-2.01%FeO refining slag system, can be by total oxygen control in steel in (9-
20)×10-6；Field trash grading A class 0-0.5, B class 0-0.5, C class 0-1.5, D classes 0-0.5.But wherein C type impurities are not
The quality requirement (C class 0-1.0 levels) of high-quality spring steel can be met；Document " valve spring steel 54SiCr6 smelting and continuous casting work
Skill is put into practice " (special steel, 2015,36 (4)) describe and use LF refining basicity of slag as 0.5~0.8, pass through " KR molten iron-BOF-
LF-510mm × 390mm base continuous castings -150mm × 150mm strip plates-high-speed wire rolling " techniques are mingled with A, B, C, D, Ds in steel
≤ 0.5, its shortcoming is that slag system basicity is low to thing rank, and viscosity is small, and does not carry out application of vacuum to molten steel, easily causes molten steel essence
Air-breathing during refining.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is aiming at above-mentioned deficiency, there is provided a kind of gas is low with non-metallic inclusion content, reduces alkali
The method of refining of the spring steel of etch of the property refining slag to ladle liner.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of method of refining of spring steel, comprises the following steps：
1) converter smelting：Converter smelting, the molten iron of addition, the weight ratio of steel scrap are carried out as raw material using molten iron and steel scrap
For molten iron：Steel scrap is 5~7：1, molten steel and clinker are obtained, converter tapping is then carried out using remaining slag operation, molten steel is flowed into steel
Bao Zhong；Deoxidier is added after converter tapping 1/3 into ladle, while adds silicomangan, ferrosilicon and ferrochrome, controls steel in ladle
Oxygen content≤150ppm of water；Wherein, the alloy added after converter tapping 1/3 is easy to melt, wherein, deoxidier be lime and/
Or fluorite, add lime and/or fluorite and be used to slough the oxygen in ladle to control oxygen content≤150ppm, add silicomangan,
Ferrosilicon and ferrochrome are used for the alloying component in first successive step ladle in molten steel, and satisfaction obtains the lower limit of each element composition in molten steel
Value.
2) LF ladle refinings：After converter tapping, ladle is moved into LF refining position heated by electrodes, added into ladle lime,
Quartz sand, magnesia make refining slag；The lime, quartz sand, the addition of magnesia are：Add 4.5~5.5kg's in molten steel per ton
Lime, 1.0~1.5kg quartz sand is added in molten steel per ton, 1.0~1.5kg magnesia is added in molten steel per ton；The refining
Slag is CaO-SiO2- MgO slag systems, basicity are 1.8~2.5, and refining slag component includes：CaO 50~60wt%, SiO222~
28wt%, Al2O33~6wt%, MgO 10~15wt%, MnO+FeO 0.5~1wt%, CaF22~4.5wt%；Addition
Lime, quartz sand are used for the component for adjusting refining slag, the component of refining slag is met the component of above-mentioned refining slag, due to alkalescence
Refining slag easily causes etch to ladle liner, therefore adds magnesia and be used to protect ladle liner.Using CaO-SiO2- MgO slag systems,
Basicity control can both ensure the viscosity of the refining slag in refining process 1.8~2.5, and molten steel is inhaled during avoiding heated by electrodes
Gas, etch of the alkaline refining slag to ladle liner can be reduced again.
3) RH application of vacuum and it is blown into inert gas：Ladle is sent into RH application of vacuum station after LF ladle refinings to carry out very
Vacancy is managed, and is blown into inert gas from ladle bottom and is obtained refined molten steel.By RH application of vacuum and inert gas is blown into, makes steel
Field trash is assembled in water, floats.
The basicity that clinker is controlled in the step 1) is 3.0~4.0, FeO contents >=15wt% in clinker, when control is tapped
The content of carbon is 0.15~0.25wt% in molten steel, content≤0.005wt% of phosphorus, and Molten Steel End Point is：1640~1660
℃；Carbon content when being tapped by improving, the oxygen content for making to balance each other therewith in steel are greatly lowered, so that adding in alloy process
The oxidation product of the ferrosilicon generation entered is reduced, and reaches the purpose for reducing silicate inclusion quantity in steel.
In the step 2), make and add carborundum, carbon dust and ferrosilicon powder into refining slag after refining slag and be diffused deoxidation,
Deaeration time control is in 0.5~1h, and diffusive deoxidation is used to slough the oxygen in refining slag, and the oxygen concentration for breaking refining slag and molten steel is put down
Weighing apparatus, so as to reduce further the oxygen content in molten steel；High purity ferrosilicon, manganese metal and low-carbon ferrochromium are added after deoxidation and is used for essence
The really alloying component in adjustment molten steel.
In the step 3), vacuum≤67Pa is controlled in application of vacuum, the vacuum retention time >=30min, is blown into inertia
Gas uses soft blow technique, soft blow pressure：0.3~0.5MPa, soft blow time：50~70min, the inert gas are argon gas.
RH application of vacuum is to destroy [N] in steel, [H], [O] balance, further reduce the gas content in molten steel；It is meanwhile logical
Soft blow technique is crossed, ensures that inclusion content in melting steel has time enough to be assembled, grown up and floated, improves Cleanliness of Molten Steel.
The chemical element component of refined molten steel and its percentage by weight are in the step 3)：Carbon 0.5~0.6%, silicon 1.3
~1.5%, manganese 0.6~0.7%, phosphorus≤0.006%, sulphur≤0.002%, chromium 0.6~0.8%, and surplus are iron and can not kept away
The impurity exempted from；Purified steel oxygen content in water<10ppm；Using low carbon content, high silicon content, high-carbon is avoided to influence the toughness of steel, it is high
Silicone content is advantageous to improve the intensity of steel, and wherein phosphorus and sulphur are the impurity in steel, control phosphorus≤0.006, sulphur≤0.002, are ensured
The degree of purity of steel.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention accurately controls the composition of the chemical element of steel by secondary alloying process；Pass through converter smelting mistake
Deoxidier is added in journey, improves addition carborundum, carbon dust and ferrosilicon powder in converter tapping carbon content and LF ladle refining process
Being diffused deoxidation is greatly lowered the content of oxygen in steel；Pass through CaO-SiO in LF ladle refining process2The choosing of-MgO slag systems
Select, control the basicity of refining slag, and nonmetallic inclusionsin steel is reduced by controlling the component of refining slag.With prior art
Compare, the present invention has following beneficial effect：
1) the non-metallic inclusion rank in steel：A classes 0, B classes 0~0.5, C classes 0~0.5, D classes 0~0.5；Field trash chi
Very little≤5um；
2) gas content in steel：[N]≤35ppm, [H]≤0.5ppm, [O]≤10ppm；
3) process line provided by the invention is simple, workable, easily controllable；Meanwhile production cost is low, alloy is received
Yield is high, economizes on resources.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to embodiment, is easy to more clearly understand the present invention, but not
The present invention is formed and limited.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of refining of spring steel, comprises the following steps
1) converter smelting：
Converter smelting is carried out as raw material using molten iron and steel scrap, initial smelting period Fast Slag Melting dephosphorization, smelts middle and later periods progress
Decarburization heats up, and the molten iron of addition, the weight ratio of steel scrap are molten iron：Steel scrap is 5：1, molten steel and clinker are obtained, then uses and stays slag
Operation carries out converter tapping, and molten steel is flowed into ladle, forbids the oxidizing slag in converter flowing into ladle；The alkali of clinker during tapping
Spend for 3.0, FeO contents are 15wt% in clinker, and the content of carbon is 0.25wt% in molten steel, and the content of phosphorus is 0.005wt%, steel
Water outlet temperature is：1640℃；Lime is added after converter tapping 1/3 into ladle, while adds silicomangan, ferrosilicon and ferrochrome
The content of elemental composition in coarse adjustment molten steel, satisfaction obtain the lower limit of each element composition in molten steel, and the oxygen of molten steel contains in ladle
Measure as 90ppm.
2) LF ladle refinings：
After converter tapping, ladle is moved into LF refining position heated by electrodes, lime, quartz sand, magnesia are added into ladle and is made
Refining slag；Lime, the addition of quartz sand are：4.5kg lime is added in molten steel per ton, adds 1.0kg's in molten steel per ton
Quartz sand, 1.0kg magnesia is added in molten steel per ton；Refining slag is CaO-SiO2- MgO slag systems, basicity 1.8, refining slag group
Dividing includes：CaO 50wt%, SiO225wt%, Al2O35wt%, MgO 15wt%, MnO+FeO 0.5wt%, CaF2
4.5wt%, make and add carborundum, carbon dust and ferrosilicon powder into refining slag after refining slag and be diffused deoxidation, deaeration time control
The oxygen content measured after 0.5h, deoxidation in molten steel is 35ppm, adds high purity ferrosilicon, manganese metal and low-carbon ferrochromium and is used for essence
The really alloying component in adjustment molten steel.
3) RH application of vacuum and it is blown into inert gas：Ladle is sent into RH application of vacuum station after LF ladle refinings to carry out very
Vacancy is managed, and is blown into argon gas by soft blow technique from ladle bottom and is obtained refined molten steel.Vacuum is 67Pa, when vacuum is kept
Between be 30min；Soft blow pressure：0.3MPa, soft blow time：60min.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of refining of spring steel, comprises the following steps
1) converter smelting：
Converter smelting is carried out as raw material using molten iron and steel scrap, initial smelting period Fast Slag Melting dephosphorization, smelts middle and later periods progress
Decarburization heats up, and the molten iron of addition, the weight ratio of steel scrap are molten iron：Steel scrap is 7：1, molten steel and clinker are obtained, then uses and stays slag
Operation carries out converter tapping, and molten steel is flowed into ladle, forbids the oxidizing slag in converter flowing into ladle；The alkali of clinker during tapping
Spend for 4.0, FeO contents are 18wt% in clinker, and the content of carbon is 0.20wt% in molten steel, and the content of phosphorus is 0.004wt%, steel
Water outlet temperature is：1650℃；Lime is added after converter tapping 1/3 into ladle, while adds silicomangan, ferrosilicon and ferrochrome
The content of elemental composition in coarse adjustment molten steel, satisfaction obtain the lower limit of each element composition in molten steel, and the oxygen of molten steel contains in ladle
Measure as 100ppm.
2) LF ladle refinings：
After converter tapping, ladle is moved into LF refining position heated by electrodes, lime, quartz sand, magnesia are added into ladle and is made
Refining slag；Lime, the addition of quartz sand are：5.0kg lime is added in molten steel per ton, adds 1.2kg's in molten steel per ton
Quartz sand, 1.2kg magnesia is added in molten steel per ton；Refining slag is CaO-SiO2- MgO slag systems, basicity 2.5, refining slag group
Dividing includes：CaO 60wt%, SiO224wt%, Al2O33wt%, MgO 10wt%, MnO+FeO 1wt%, CaF22wt%,
Make after refining slag and carborundum, carbon dust and ferrosilicon powder are added into refining slag be diffused deoxidation, deaeration time control is taken off in 0.5h
The oxygen content measured after oxygen in molten steel is 30ppm, adds high purity ferrosilicon, manganese metal and low-carbon ferrochromium and is used to accurately adjust molten steel
In alloying component.
3) RH application of vacuum and it is blown into inert gas：Ladle is sent into RH application of vacuum station after LF ladle refinings to carry out very
Vacancy is managed, and is blown into argon gas by soft blow technique from ladle bottom and is obtained refined molten steel.Vacuum is 67Pa, when vacuum is kept
Between be 35min；Soft blow pressure：0.5MPa, soft blow time：50min.
Embodiment 3
1) converter smelting：
Converter smelting is carried out as raw material using molten iron and steel scrap, initial smelting period Fast Slag Melting dephosphorization, smelts middle and later periods progress
Decarburization heats up, and the molten iron of addition, the weight ratio of steel scrap are molten iron：Steel scrap is 5.5：1, molten steel and clinker are obtained, then uses and stays
Slag operation carries out converter tapping, and molten steel is flowed into ladle, forbids the oxidizing slag in converter flowing into ladle；Clinker during tapping
Basicity is 3.5, and FeO contents are 20wt% in clinker, and the content of carbon is 0.15wt% in molten steel, and the content of phosphorus is 0.002wt%,
Molten Steel End Point is：1660℃；Lime is added after converter tapping 1/3 into ladle, while adds silicomangan, ferrosilicon and chromium
The content of elemental composition in iron coarse adjustment molten steel, satisfaction obtain the lower limit of each element composition in molten steel, the oxygen of molten steel in ladle
Content is 145ppm.
2) LF ladle refinings：
After converter tapping, ladle is moved into LF refining position heated by electrodes, lime, quartz sand, magnesia are added into ladle and is made
Refining slag；Lime, the addition of quartz sand are：5.5kg lime is added in molten steel per ton, adds 1.0kg's in molten steel per ton
Quartz sand, 1.5kg magnesia is added in molten steel per ton；Refining slag is CaO-SiO2- MgO slag systems, basicity 1.9, refining slag group
Dividing includes：CaO 52wt%, SiO227wt%, Al2O34wt%, MgO 14wt%, MnO+FeO 0.5wt%, CaF2
2.5wt%, make and add carborundum, carbon dust and ferrosilicon powder into refining slag after refining slag and be diffused deoxidation, deaeration time control
The oxygen content measured after 0.5h, deoxidation in molten steel is 25ppm, adds high purity ferrosilicon, manganese metal and low-carbon ferrochromium and is used for essence
The really alloying component in adjustment molten steel.
3) RH application of vacuum and it is blown into inert gas：Ladle is sent into RH application of vacuum station after LF ladle refinings to carry out very
Vacancy is managed, and is blown into argon gas by soft blow technique from ladle bottom and is obtained refined molten steel.Vacuum is 67Pa, when vacuum is kept
Between be 32min；Soft blow pressure：0.3MPa, soft blow time：55min.
Embodiment 4
1) converter smelting：
Converter smelting is carried out as raw material using molten iron and steel scrap, initial smelting period Fast Slag Melting dephosphorization, smelts middle and later periods progress
Decarburization heats up, and the molten iron of addition, the weight ratio of steel scrap are molten iron：Steel scrap is 6：1, molten steel and clinker are obtained, then uses and stays slag
Operation carries out converter tapping, and molten steel is flowed into ladle, forbids the oxidizing slag in converter flowing into ladle；The alkali of clinker during tapping
Spend for 3.0, FeO contents are 22wt% in clinker, and the content of carbon is 0.18wt% in molten steel, and the content of phosphorus is 0.003wt%, steel
Water outlet temperature is：1645℃；Lime is added after converter tapping 1/3 into ladle, while adds silicomangan, ferrosilicon and ferrochrome
The content of elemental composition in coarse adjustment molten steel, satisfaction obtain the lower limit of each element composition in molten steel, the oxygen content of molten steel in ladle
For 140ppm.
2) LF ladle refinings：
After converter tapping, ladle is moved into LF refining position heated by electrodes, lime, quartz sand, magnesia are added into ladle and is made
Refining slag；Lime, the addition of quartz sand are：5.0kg lime is added in molten steel per ton, adds 1.3kg's in molten steel per ton
Quartz sand, 1.3kg magnesia is added in molten steel per ton；Refining slag is CaO-SiO2- MgO slag systems, basicity 1.85, refining slag group
Dividing includes：CaO 52wt%, SiO228wt%, Al2O35wt%, MgO 12wt%, MnO+FeO 1wt%, CaF22wt%,
Make and add carborundum, carbon dust and ferrosilicon powder into refining slag after refining slag and be diffused deoxidation, deaeration time is controlled in 1h, deoxidation
The oxygen content measured afterwards in molten steel is 45ppm, adds high purity ferrosilicon, manganese metal and low-carbon ferrochromium and is used to accurately adjust in molten steel
Alloying component.
3) RH application of vacuum and it is blown into inert gas：Ladle is sent into RH application of vacuum station after LF ladle refinings to carry out very
Vacancy is managed, and is blown into argon gas by soft blow technique from ladle bottom and is obtained refined molten steel.Vacuum is 65Pa, when vacuum is kept
Between be 32min；Soft blow pressure：0.35MPa, soft blow time：65min.
Embodiment 5
1) converter smelting：
Converter smelting is carried out as raw material using molten iron and steel scrap, initial smelting period Fast Slag Melting dephosphorization, smelts middle and later periods progress
Decarburization heats up, and the molten iron of addition, the weight ratio of steel scrap are molten iron：Steel scrap is 6.5：1, molten steel and clinker are obtained, then uses and stays
Slag operation carries out converter tapping, and molten steel is flowed into ladle, forbids the oxidizing slag in converter flowing into ladle；Clinker during tapping
Basicity is 4.0, and FeO contents are 20wt% in clinker, and the content of carbon is 0.22wt% in molten steel, and the content of phosphorus is 0.004wt%,
Molten Steel End Point is：1655℃；Lime is added after converter tapping 1/3 into ladle, while adds silicomangan, ferrosilicon and chromium
The content of elemental composition in iron coarse adjustment molten steel, satisfaction obtain the lower limit of each element composition in molten steel, and the oxygen of molten steel contains in ladle
Measure as 120ppm.
2) LF ladle refinings：
After converter tapping, ladle is moved into LF refining position heated by electrodes, lime, quartz sand, magnesia are added into ladle and is made
Refining slag；Lime, the addition of quartz sand are：5.5kg lime is added in molten steel per ton, adds 1.5kg's in molten steel per ton
Quartz sand, 1.0kg magnesia is added in molten steel per ton；Refining slag is CaO-SiO2- MgO slag systems, basicity 2.1, refining slag group
Dividing includes：CaO 56wt%, SiO222wt%, Al2O36wt%, MgO 13wt%, MnO+FeO 1wt%, CaF22wt%,
Make after refining slag and carborundum, carbon dust and ferrosilicon powder are added into refining slag be diffused deoxidation, deaeration time control in 45min,
The oxygen content measured after deoxidation in molten steel is 30ppm, adds high purity ferrosilicon, manganese metal and low-carbon ferrochromium and is used to accurately adjust steel
Alloying component in water.
3) RH application of vacuum and it is blown into inert gas：Ladle is sent into RH application of vacuum station after LF ladle refinings to carry out very
Vacancy is managed, and is blown into argon gas by soft blow technique from ladle bottom and is obtained refined molten steel.Vacuum is 60Pa, when vacuum is kept
Between be 35min；Soft blow pressure：0.45MPa, soft blow time：70min.
Comparative example 1
1) converter smelting：
Converter smelting is carried out as raw material using molten iron and steel scrap, initial smelting period Fast Slag Melting dephosphorization, smelts middle and later periods progress
Decarburization heats up, and addition molten iron, steel scrap obtain molten steel and clinker, then carry out converter tapping using remaining slag operation, molten steel is flowed into
In ladle, forbid the oxidizing slag in converter flowing into ladle；The basicity of clinker is 2.8 during tapping, and FeO contents are in clinker
10wt%, the content of carbon is 0.10wt% in molten steel, and the content of phosphorus is 0.008wt%, and Molten Steel End Point is：1668℃；Turn
Add silicomangan, ferrosilicon and ferrochrome after stove tapping 1/3 into ladle, the oxygen content of molten steel is 180ppm in ladle.
2) LF ladle refinings：
After converter tapping, ladle is moved into LF refining position heated by electrodes, lime, quartz sand, aluminium vanadine are added into ladle
Make refining slag；Lime, the addition of quartz sand are：8kg lime is added in molten steel per ton, adds 1.0kg's in molten steel per ton
Quartz sand, 1.0kg aluminium vanadine is added in molten steel per ton；Refining slag is CaO-Al2O3-SiO2Slag system, basicity 3.5, make refining
Al grains are added after slag into refining slag, carbide slag is diffused deoxidation.
3) RH application of vacuum and it is blown into inert gas：Ladle is sent into RH application of vacuum station after LF ladle refinings to carry out very
Vacancy is managed, and is blown into argon gas from ladle bottom and is obtained refined molten steel.Vacuum is 70Pa, and the vacuum retention time is 20min.
Comparative example 2
1) converter smelting：
Converter smelting is carried out as raw material using molten iron and steel scrap, initial smelting period Fast Slag Melting dephosphorization, smelts middle and later periods progress
Decarburization heats up, and addition molten iron, steel scrap obtain molten steel and clinker, then carry out converter tapping using remaining slag operation, molten steel is flowed into
In ladle, forbid the oxidizing slag in converter flowing into ladle；The basicity of clinker is 2.5 during tapping, and FeO contents are in clinker
12wt%, the content of carbon is 0.12wt% in molten steel, and the content of phosphorus is 0.007wt%, and Molten Steel End Point is：1665℃；Turn
Add silicomangan, ferrosilicon and ferrochrome after stove tapping 1/3 into ladle, the oxygen content of molten steel is 185ppm in ladle.
2) LF ladle refinings：
After converter tapping, ladle is moved into LF refining position heated by electrodes, lime, quartz sand, aluminium vanadine are added into ladle
Make refining slag；Lime, the addition of quartz sand are：9kg lime is added in molten steel per ton, adds 1.0kg's in molten steel per ton
Quartz sand, 1.0kg aluminium vanadine is added in molten steel per ton；Refining slag is CaO-Al2O3-SiO2Slag system, basicity 3.8, make refining
Al grains are added after slag into refining slag, carbide slag is diffused deoxidation.
3) RH application of vacuum and it is blown into inert gas：Ladle is sent into RH application of vacuum station after LF ladle refinings to carry out very
Vacancy is managed, and is blown into argon gas from ladle bottom and is obtained refined molten steel, vacuum 70Pa, and the vacuum retention time is 25min.
The elemental composition of molten steel and its percentage by weight are shown in Table 1 after being refined by above example and comparative example：
The embodiment of table 1 and comparative example chemical composition (wt%)
| Embodiment | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr |
| 1 | 0.50 | 1.30 | 0.60 | 0.006 | 0.0020 | 0.60 |
| 2 | 0.52 | 1.50 | 0.66 | 0.005 | 0.0015 | 0.80 |
| 3 | 0.54 | 1.35 | 0.61 | 0.003 | 0.0018 | 0.68 |
| 4 | 0.58 | 1.45 | 0.70 | 0.005 | 0.0010 | 0.74 |
| 5 | 0.60 | 1.48 | 0.63 | 0.002 | 0.0017 | 0.71 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.70 | 1.25 | 0.55 | 0.010 | 0.005 | 0.55 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.65 | 1.28 | 0.54 | 0.008 | 0.004 | 0.58 |
Non-metallic inclusion, the gas content of the spring steel produced by above example and comparative example, ladle liner
Service life situation see the table below 2：
Table 2
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method of refining of spring steel, comprises the following steps：
1) converter smelting：Converter smelting is carried out as raw material using molten iron and steel scrap and obtains molten steel and clinker, then uses and stays slag to grasp
Make carry out converter tapping, molten steel is flowed into ladle；The content of carbon is 0.15~0.25wt% in molten steel when controlling tapping, converter
Deoxidier is added in tapping process into ladle, while adds silicomangan, ferrosilicon and ferrochrome, controls the oxygen of molten steel in ladle to contain
Amount≤150ppm；The molten iron of addition, the weight ratio of steel scrap are molten iron：Steel scrap is 5~7：1, Molten Steel End Point is：1640~
1660℃；
2) LF ladle refinings：After converter tapping, ladle is moved into LF refining position heated by electrodes, lime, quartz are added into ladle
Sand, magnesia make refining slag；The lime, quartz sand, the addition of magnesia are：4.5~5.5kg stone is added in molten steel per ton
Ash, 1.0~1.5kg quartz sand is added in molten steel per ton, 1.0~1.5kg magnesia is added in molten steel per ton；The refining slag
For CaO-SiO2- MgO slag systems, basicity are 1.8~2.5, and refining slag component includes：CaO 50~60wt%, SiO222~
28wt%, Al2O33~6wt%, MgO 10~15wt%, MnO+FeO 0.5~1wt%, CaF22~4.5wt%；Make refining
Carborundum, carbon dust and ferrosilicon powder being added into refining slag after slag and being diffused deoxidation, deaeration time is controlled in 0.5~1h, deoxidation
After add high purity ferrosilicon, manganese metal and low-carbon ferrochromium；
3) RH application of vacuum and it is blown into inert gas：Ladle is sent into RH application of vacuum station after LF ladle refinings to carry out at vacuum
Reason, and be blown into inert gas from ladle bottom and obtain refined molten steel；Vacuum≤67Pa is controlled in the application of vacuum, vacuum is protected
>=30min is held the time, inert gas is blown into and uses soft blow technique, soft blow pressure：0.3~0.5MPa, soft blow time：50~
70min, the inert gas are argon gas.
A kind of 2. method of refining of spring steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Control clinker in the step 1)
Basicity is 3.0~4.0, FeO contents >=15wt% in clinker, content≤0.005wt% of phosphorus in molten steel；The deoxidier is stone
Ash and/or fluorite.
A kind of 3. method of refining of spring steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Refined molten steel in the step 3)
Chemical element component and its percentage by weight be：Carbon 0.5~0.6%, silicon 1.3~1.5%, manganese 0.6~0.7%, phosphorus≤
0.006%th, sulphur≤0.002%, chromium 0.6~0.8%, and surplus are iron and inevitable impurity；The purified steel water oxygen
Content<10ppm.
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