CN1062174A - Temperature-changing quenching process method for high-chromium cast iron grinding ball - Google Patents
Temperature-changing quenching process method for high-chromium cast iron grinding ball Download PDFInfo
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- CN1062174A CN1062174A CN 91111767 CN91111767A CN1062174A CN 1062174 A CN1062174 A CN 1062174A CN 91111767 CN91111767 CN 91111767 CN 91111767 A CN91111767 A CN 91111767A CN 1062174 A CN1062174 A CN 1062174A
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- Prior art keywords
- ball
- abrading
- quenching
- cast iron
- temperature
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- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
Abstract
A heat treatment process, in particular to a variable temperature quenching process of a high-chromium cast iron grinding ball, which reforms the traditional grinding ball heat treatment process and solves the problems of the prior art that the high temperature quenching process is adopted to treat the grinding ball, so that the structure and the performance of the grinding ball are disordered, and gamma is used for quenching the grinding ballRHigh weight, low anti-fatigue stripping performance, short idle beating time of ball mill, and high ball consumption. It features that the temp-varying quenching is used instead of high-temp quenching, so that the grinding balls have the comprehensive balance of structure and performance, high anti-damage power, long idle beating time of ball grinder and low consumption of grinding balls. It is suitable for heat treatment of high and low chromium cast iron grinding balls.
Description
The present invention relates to the temperature changing quenching process of a kind of heat-treatment technology method, particularly HI-chrome cast iron for grinding balls.
HI-chrome cast iron for grinding balls (hereinafter to be referred as abrading-ball) is the desirable grinding element of ball mill.Yet its resistance to abrasion is wished to get to give full play to, and is guaranteed by correct thermal treatment process by needs.Evenly be used in the prior art to adopt quench hot technology to handle abrading-ball, after soon it is heated to 960 ℃～1020 ℃, quench into the high rigidity of HRc 〉=58 with continuous refrigerative method.Obviously, produce very big internal stress on abrading-ball this moment.Because stress compressing, the transition temperature of supercooled austenite have to pass downwards, the Ms point reduces, and some austenites are chilled to room temperature not to be changed yet, and becomes residual austenite (γ
R), be in rich carbon that strip and block accumulates in the dendrite district, the chromium circle.In general, behind the quench hot, diameter is greater than the γ that has in 80 millimeters the abrading-ball more than 10%
RThen more on the bead sometimes up to 30%, become genuine Ma-Ao mixed structure.
The not normal imbalance that must cause performance of tissue.So have the phenomenon of serious " lacking of proper care after one's birth " through the abrading-ball of quench hot: survivability is low, the general less than of the strike of 3.5 meters fall sphere tests 12,000 times; In servicely can not bear that 10 hours ball mills are empty to be beaten.So, grind cement clinker with it, fatigue flake adds abrasion, and the ball consumption has been flooded the wear-resistant advantage of rich chromium cast iron generally at 50～80 gram/tons.Though indivedual also lower through the abrading-ball wear loss of quench hot, that relies on input to improve Ms point element and exchanges for, it costs an arm and a leg.This is the place of the difference of homemade abrading-ball and import abrading-ball, also is the major cause that China's abrading-ball can not squeeze into the international market in a large number.
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned weak point of the prior art, the abrading-ball heat-treatment technology method of reform traditional, and a kind of temperature changing quenching process of HI-chrome cast iron for grinding balls is provided, quenching than alternating temperature replaces quench hot, makes homemade abrading-ball enter the international rank of advanced units.
Technical solution of the present invention is: abrading-ball is heated to 960 ℃～1050 ℃, and after keeping 2～4 hours, with the push-down continuous oven or use with stove and lower the temperature, or with the conversion stove way, temperature is reduced to the first stress relief step that the present invention sets up, promptly 715 ℃～800 ℃, and be incubated 3～4 hours, the quenching of coming out of the stove then.For escaping perlite " nose ", it is fast that the quench cooled of coming out of the stove is wanted, and can adopt strong blowing, method such as the liquid of spraying, quench.In addition, still need, promptly be lower than 500 ℃, set up the second stress relief step in austenitic " bay district ".Treat to reduce to this step, break away from strong heat-eliminating medium immediately, slow down speed of cooling through the abrading-ball temperature of above-mentioned processing.For the abrading-ball of diameter 〉=80 millimeter, let alone air cooling; Then take measures less than 80 millimeters abrading-ball for diameter, it is too fast to prevent to lower the temperature.Tempering immediately when abrading-ball is chilled to 50 ℃～70 ℃ is to prevent the ageing stabilizing effect.
The present invention has following advantage compared to existing technology:
1, alternating temperature quenches two stress relief steps, the stress that produces in the cooling is released immediately, in the environment of absent-mindedness, no matter is high, medium and low temperature, supercooled austenite all has abundant disassembler meeting, thereby its microstructure and property has reached the state of overall equilbrium.
2, through low-temperaturetempering, the remaining stress in abrading-ball surface is just at-13Kgf/MM
2Within the safety value.
3, γ
RLess than 5%, abrading-ball does not have quenched martensite to form the adverse consequences that is caused.
4, separate out the proeutectoid carbide of different levels on the matrix and strengthened, especially obtain malleableize.Fatigue cracking is difficult for germinating, also is difficult for unstability and expands.
5, austenite secondary crystal boundary disappears on the matrix.
6, during crystallization at M
7C
3M is alleviated in the composition segregation that the border produces substantially
7C
3Carbon, chromium that the part disintegration discharges spread, and have also separated out the proeutectoid carbide of disperse.Illustrate that organize on border at this moment is the martensite identical with the dendrite centralizing morphism, M
7C
3Supporting condition significantly improve.
7, the second wear-resistant phase in disperse on the matrix, and abrasive particle is difficult to directly contact the matrix between them, and resistance to abrasion is improved.
8, these advantages have guaranteed that abrading-ball has excellent survivability, and brittle rupture takes place hardly.So it is in 3.5 meters fall sphere tests, strike has all surpassed 25,000 times; Be in operation, also can bear 20 hours empty beating of ball mill.Grind cement clinker with it, the ball consumption illustrates that all less than 20 gram/tons this abrading-ball has wear-resistant advantage.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment:
Getting one, to form part be 2.02% C, 13.2% Cr, and 0.29% Mo, 1.15% Mn, 0.98% Si, it is that 80 millimeters abrading-ball is a collection of that the rich chromium cast iron water of 0.031% S and 0.032% P waters into diameter with metal mold, divides two groups of quenchings.One group is heated to 980 ℃ ± 10 ℃ with abrading-ball, and the strong blowing that keeps coming out of the stove after 3 hours is chilled to room temperature; Another group is heated to 980 ℃ ± 10 ℃ with abrading-ball, and after keeping 2 hours, is cooled to 800 ℃ ± 20 ℃ with stove, and the strong blowing that keeps again coming out of the stove after 1.5 hours is chilled to 450 ℃ ± 20 ℃, then air cooling to 50 ℃～70 ℃.With two groups of abrading-balls in same tempering stove in 280 ℃ ± 20 ℃ tempering 4 hours, then with wire cutting machine from the spheroid sampling of loosing core, mill poplar standard test specimen is measured performance, its data such as following table:
| Quenching technology | Hardness HRc | Impelling strength (10 * 10 * 55 non-notch) J/cm 2 | Bearing stress Kgf/mm 2 | 3.5 rice falling sphere time several | γ R％ | ||||
| The surface | 3／4R | 1/2R | 1/4R | The center | |||||
| Quench hot | 58.5- 60 | 57.5- 60 | 57.5- 60 | 58.5- 60 | 59-60 | 4.9 | 53.6 | 11800 | 16.2 |
| Alternating temperature quenches | 54- 55 | 54.5- 56 | 55-56 | 55-56 | 55.5- 56 | 4.7 | 10.7 | 25316 | 4.2 |
Go out to the eye, alternating temperature quenches and compares with quench hot, and the former surface compress residual stresses is the latter's 1/5, γ
RAmount is 1/4, and the falling sphere number of times is high 1.13 times.Although the latter's impact value is high slightly, fracture is brittle, is principal character than cleavage and accurate cleavage; The former fracture is a flexible, and shear lip is arranged, and is principal character than dimple.
Temperature changing quenching process of the present invention also is applicable to the thermal treatment of low-chromium cast-iron grinding ball.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of heat-treatment technology method, the temperature changing quenching process of HI-chrome cast iron for grinding balls particularly, HI-chrome cast iron for grinding balls is added to high temperature and quenching, it is characterized in that, abrading-ball is heated to 960 ℃～1050 ℃, keeps being cooled to the first stress relief step after 2～4 hours, promptly 715 ℃～800 ℃ and be incubated 3～4 hours, the quenching of coming out of the stove then, the quench cooled of coming out of the stove want fast, can adopt strong blowing, spraying, the methods such as liquid of quenching, in addition in austenitic " bay district ", promptly be lower than 500 ℃ and set up the second stress relief step, treat to reduce to this step, break away from strong heat-eliminating medium immediately through the abrading-ball temperature of above-mentioned processing, slow down speed of cooling, for the abrading-ball of diameter 〉=80 millimeter, let alone air cooling, then take measures less than 80 millimeters abrading-ball for diameter, it is too fast to prevent to lower the temperature, tempering immediately when abrading-ball is chilled to 50 ℃～70 ℃.
According to the temperature changing quenching process of the HI-chrome cast iron for grinding balls described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that 2, this processing method also is applicable to the thermal treatment of low-chromium cast-iron grinding ball.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91111767 CN1062174A (en) | 1991-12-18 | 1991-12-18 | Temperature-changing quenching process method for high-chromium cast iron grinding ball |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91111767 CN1062174A (en) | 1991-12-18 | 1991-12-18 | Temperature-changing quenching process method for high-chromium cast iron grinding ball |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1062174A true CN1062174A (en) | 1992-06-24 |
Family
ID=4910835
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91111767 Pending CN1062174A (en) | 1991-12-18 | 1991-12-18 | Temperature-changing quenching process method for high-chromium cast iron grinding ball |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1062174A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111254273A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-06-09 | 常熟市龙特耐磨球有限公司 | Preparation method of high-carbon wear-resistant steel ball |
| CN113897475A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2022-01-07 | 宁国市华丰耐磨材料有限公司 | High-chromium grinding ball stage quenching heat treatment process |
-
1991
- 1991-12-18 CN CN 91111767 patent/CN1062174A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111254273A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-06-09 | 常熟市龙特耐磨球有限公司 | Preparation method of high-carbon wear-resistant steel ball |
| CN113897475A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2022-01-07 | 宁国市华丰耐磨材料有限公司 | High-chromium grinding ball stage quenching heat treatment process |
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