CN106214291A - The method for designing of a kind of bone cement spacer former and device - Google Patents
The method for designing of a kind of bone cement spacer former and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106214291A CN106214291A CN201610561864.XA CN201610561864A CN106214291A CN 106214291 A CN106214291 A CN 106214291A CN 201610561864 A CN201610561864 A CN 201610561864A CN 106214291 A CN106214291 A CN 106214291A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2/30942—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2/30942—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
- A61F2002/30952—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques using CAD-CAM techniques or NC-techniques
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2/30942—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
- A61F2002/30957—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques using a positive or a negative model, e.g. moulds
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses method for designing and the device of a kind of bone cement spacer former.Wherein, the method for designing of described bone cement spacer former includes: according to the cloud data of the patient articular's prosthese collected, set up the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis；According to the actual size measured at the patient articular obtained, obtain the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis；Connected mode according to the three-dimensional CAD model to described articular prosthesis and the analysis of work process, define the die joint of the related die of the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis, creates preliminary bone cement spacer former；And according to the characteristic of bone cement, it is carried out editor and has obtained bone cement spacer former.Achieve the purpose of the bone cement spacer former of quick Fabrication high accuracy and high matching degree.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the design field of artificial joint prosthesis, particularly relate to a kind of bone water based on reverse-engineering
The method for designing of mud spacer former and device.
Background technology
Artificial joint prosthesis is a kind of implant, and the application for the joint such as hip, knee joint, shoulder and ankle of human body is the widest
General.Present stage China artificial joint prosthesis be mainly since from external import, owing to these prostheses are all to dissect according to external
Standard is designed, and therefore can there is situation about cannot mate with compatriots' articular surface shape and size.Simultaneously for some gold
The prosthese of the materials such as genus, pottery, some patients can produce strong rejection, and the patient couple that tissue infection is the most serious
This type of prosthese is also difficult to be suitable for.Prosthetic replacement's Post operation, the problem that can there is postoperative infection, for iatrotechnics postoperative infection, often
Use bone cement spacer act for sb former articular prosthesis implement treatment.
Although in prosthese bone cement spacer treatment of infection after surgery, its follow-up effect is good, infection rate is low, simultaneously at it
Manufacturing process can add antibiotic and reduce infection risk further.But, still have problems in the actual application of bone cement, first
First, it is all the free-hand making of doctor that Most current bone cement spacer makes, and bone cement setting rate is fast, make precision without
Method and skeleton reach matched；Secondly, operation process makes bone cement prosthese, increases bleeding stopping period and then increase
The misery of patient.So there are still in the application of bone cement spacer cause precision relatively low due to quick Fabrication and
How the problem that degree of joining is relatively low, solve these problems and have become as the emphasis of research at present.
Summary of the invention
Being directed to the problems referred to above, the present invention provides method for designing and the device of a kind of bone cement spacer former, in order to reality
The purpose of the bone cement spacer former of existing quick Fabrication high accuracy and high matching degree.
To achieve these goals, according to the first aspect of the invention, it is provided that setting of a kind of bone cement spacer former
Meter method, the method includes:
According to the cloud data of the patient articular's prosthese collected, set up the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis；
According to the actual size measured at the patient articular that obtains, to the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis
Feature beyond non-key curved surface is edited, and obtains the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis；
Connected mode according to the three-dimensional CAD model to described articular prosthesis and the analysis of work process, define described
The die joint of the related die of the three-dimensional CAD model of articular prosthesis, creates preliminary bone cement spacer former；
According to the characteristic of bone cement, the local feature of described preliminary bone cement spacer former is edited, obtains
Bone cement spacer former.
Preferably, the cloud data of patient articular's prosthese that described basis collects, set up the preliminary of described articular prosthesis
Three-dimensional CAD model, including:
Gather the cloud data of patient articular's prosthese；
The unnecessary some cloud or the noise that occur in described cloud data are carried out pre-treatment, the some cloud number after being processed
According to；
Cloud data after described process is carried out data encapsulation, forms polygonal mesh data；
Described polygonal mesh data is carried out pretreatment, sets up polygonal grid model；
The geometric properties of described polygonal grid model is carried out feature extraction, according to the parameterized model extracted and song
The feature of dough sheet, sets up the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis.
Preferably, the described geometric properties to described polygonal grid model carries out feature extraction, according to the ginseng extracted
Numberization model and the feature of patch, set up the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis, including:
According to surface curvature change, described polygonal grid model is divided into different geometric extents, wherein, described several
What field includes plane, quadratic surface and free form surface；
Intercept the plane in described polygonal grid model and quadratic surface by default plan-position, obtain two dimension and cut
Facial contour, and described two-dimensional section profile is processed, set up parameterized model；
By the free form surface of described polygonal grid model is carried out feature extraction, obtain irregular curved surface features,
Described irregular curved surface features is carried out surface fitting, generates target surface sheet；
Described parameterized model and described target surface sheet are carried out Boolean calculation, utilizes described target surface sheet described
Intercept a curved surface identical with described target surface sheet on parameterized model, set up the preliminary three-dimensional CAD of described articular prosthesis
Model.
Preferably, described according to the actual size measured at the patient articular obtained, preliminary three to described articular prosthesis
Feature beyond the non-key curved surface of Vc AD model is edited, and obtains the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis, including:
According to the actual size measured at the patient articular that obtains, to the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis
Physical dimension is modified, and according to the intensity of bone cement article shaped, increases the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis
Physical dimension at strength weak, obtains the final physical dimension of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis；
Interference in local feature beyond the non-key curved surface of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model removing described articular prosthesis is special
Levying, obtain the actual local feature of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis, wherein, described interference characteristic includes described
Boss in local feature and fillet；
The final physical dimension of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model according to described articular prosthesis and preliminary the three of described articular prosthesis
The actual local feature of Vc AD model, obtains the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis.
Preferably, the described basis connected mode to the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis and the analysis of work process,
Define the die joint of the related die of the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis, create preliminary bone cement spacer former,
Including:
Connected mode and work process to the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis are analyzed, according to described joint
The three-dimensional CAD model of prosthese realizes the feature of function, distinguishes and obtains crucial geometric properties and non-key geometric properties；
The die joint of the related die of the three-dimensional CAD according to described articular prosthesis is not desired to friendship with described crucial geometric properties
Rule, defines the die joint of the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis；
According to described die joint, create preliminary bone cement spacer former.
According to the second aspect of the invention, it is provided that the design device of a kind of bone cement spacer former, this device includes:
First sets up module, for the cloud data according to the patient articular's prosthese collected, sets up described articular prosthesis
Preliminary three-dimensional CAD model；
First editor module, for according to the actual size measured at the patient articular obtained, to described articular prosthesis
Feature beyond the non-key curved surface of preliminary three-dimensional CAD model is edited, and obtains the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis；
Second sets up module, for the connected mode according to the three-dimensional CAD model to described articular prosthesis and work process
Analysis, define the die joint of the related die of the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis, create preliminary bone cement interval
Device former；
Second editor module, for the characteristic according to bone cement, the local to described preliminary bone cement spacer former
Feature is edited, and obtains bone cement spacer former.
Preferably, described first set up module and include:
Collecting unit, for gathering the cloud data of patient articular's prosthese；
First processing unit, for the unnecessary some cloud or the noise that occur in described cloud data are carried out pre-treatment,
Cloud data after process；
Encapsulation unit, for the cloud data after described process carries out data encapsulation, forms polygonal mesh data；
Second processing unit, for described polygonal mesh data is carried out pretreatment, sets up polygonal grid model；
First sets up unit, for the geometric properties of described polygonal grid model is carried out feature extraction, according to extraction
The parameterized model arrived and the feature of patch, set up the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis.
Preferably, described first set up unit and include:
Divide subelement, lead for described polygonal grid model being divided into different geometry according to surface curvature change
Territory, wherein, described geometric extent includes plane, quadratic surface and free form surface；
First sets up subelement, for intercepted by default plan-position the plane in described polygonal grid model and
Quadratic surface, obtains two-dimensional section profile, and processes described two-dimensional section profile, set up parameterized model；
Extract subelement, for by the free form surface of described polygonal grid model is carried out feature extraction, obtain not
The curved surface features of rule, carries out surface fitting to described irregular curved surface features, generates target surface sheet；
Second sets up subelement, for described parameterized model and described target surface sheet are carried out Boolean calculation, utilizes
Described target surface sheet intercepts a curved surface identical with described target surface sheet on described parameterized model, sets up described pass
The preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of joint prosthese.
Preferably, described first editor module includes:
First edit cell, for according to the actual size measured at the patient articular obtained, to described articular prosthesis
The physical dimension of preliminary three-dimensional CAD model is modified, and according to the intensity of bone cement article shaped, increases described articular prosthesis
Physical dimension at the strength weak of preliminary three-dimensional CAD model, obtains preliminary three-dimensional CAD model final of described articular prosthesis
Physical dimension；
Second edit cell, beyond the non-key curved surface of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model removing described articular prosthesis
Interference characteristic in local feature, obtains the actual local feature of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis, wherein, institute
State interference characteristic and include the boss in described local feature and fillet；
Acquiring unit, for final physical dimension and the described pass of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model according to described articular prosthesis
The actual local feature of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of joint prosthese, obtains the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis.
Preferably, described second set up module and include:
Discrimination unit, for the connected mode of the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis and work process are analyzed,
Three-dimensional CAD model according to described articular prosthesis realizes the feature of function, distinguishes and obtains crucial geometric properties and non-key geometry
Feature；
Definition unit, several with described key for the die joint of the related die of the three-dimensional CAD according to described articular prosthesis
What feature is not desired to the rule handed over, and defines the die joint of the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis；
Creating unit, for according to described die joint, creates preliminary bone cement spacer former.
Compared to prior art, the present invention, by gathering the cloud data of patient articular's prosthese, establishes articular prosthesis
Preliminary three-dimensional CAD model, and according to the practical situation of patient, the feature beyond non-key curved surface is edited, is closed
The final three-dimensional CAD model of joint prosthese, the three-dimensional CAD model of the articular prosthesis by obtaining, and according to the spy of bone cement
Property, finally give bone cement spacer former.And then achieve quick Fabrication high accuracy and the bone cement spacer of high matching degree
The purpose of former.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
In having technology to describe, the required accompanying drawing used is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawing in describing below is only this
Inventive embodiment, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to according to
The accompanying drawing provided obtains other accompanying drawing.
The schematic flow sheet of the method for designing of a kind of bone cement spacer former that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 2 be the embodiment of the present invention two correspondence Fig. 1 shown in the preliminary three-dimensional CAD setting up articular prosthesis in S11 step
The schematic flow sheet of model；
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of the concrete grammar in S115 step shown in Fig. 2 corresponding in the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 4 be the embodiment of the present invention two correspondence Fig. 1 shown in the three-dimensional CAD model setting up articular prosthesis in S12 step
Schematic flow sheet；
Fig. 5 is bone cement spacer the moon that the establishment in S13 step shown in Fig. 1 corresponding in the embodiment of the present invention two is preliminary
The schematic flow sheet of mould；
The structural representation of the design device of the bone cement spacer former that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention three；
The first structural representation setting up unit that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention three.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Describe, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments wholely.Based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under not making creative work premise
Embodiment, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
Term " first " in description and claims of this specification and above-mentioned accompanying drawing and " second " etc. are for district
Not different object rather than be used for describing specific order.In addition term " includes " and " having " and their any deformation,
It is intended to cover non-exclusive comprising.Such as contain series of steps or the process of unit, method, system, product or set
For not being set in the step or unit listed, but step or the unit do not listed can be included.
Embodiment one
See the flow process signal of the method for designing of a kind of bone cement spacer former that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one
Figure, the method comprises the following steps:
The cloud data of patient articular's prosthese that S11, basis collect, sets up the preliminary three-dimensional CAD of described articular prosthesis
Model；
Wherein, in common understanding, the product appearance surface typically obtained by measuring instrument in reverse-engineering
Point data geometry also referred to as some cloud, generally uses the some quantity obtained by three dimensional coordinate measuring machine fewer, between putting and putting
Away from the biggest, it is sparse some cloud；And use the some quantity ratio of the some cloud that three-dimensional laser scanner or photographic-type scanner obtain
Relatively big and ratio comparatively dense, is point off density cloud.In an embodiment of the present invention, three-dimensional vision information system acquisition patient is used to close
The cloud data of joint prosthese, it is here preferred that contactless joint arm laser scanner gathers cloud data, this is due to people
Body articular prosthesis model comprises substantial amounts of free-form surface designing, uses the laser scanner collection point cloud of contactless joint arm
Data efficiency is higher, can comprehensively gather the reconstruction of the crucial curved surface of free form surface information, beneficially artificial joint prosthesis model.
In addition, it is also possible to use the scanning of contact, such as three coordinate measuring machine or the joint arm of installation hard gauge head.Although using
The acquisition method acquisition precision of contact is high, but the collecting efficiency for curved surface freely is the lowest, and is unfavorable for whole curved surface
The seizure of details, so the scanning not recommending contact obtains cloud data.
S12, according to the actual size measured at the patient articular that obtains, the preliminary three-dimensional CAD mould to described articular prosthesis
Feature beyond the non-key curved surface of type is edited, and obtains the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis；
Concrete, the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of articular prosthesis is the cloud data of the patient articular's prosthese by collecting
Rear foundation, but there is certain error in the size of articular prosthesis and actual patient joint, so will be according to the trouble measured
The actual size of person's joint, carries out edit-modify to the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model set up, it is ensured that set up the joint being more suitable for
The cad model of prosthese.
S13, according to the connected mode of the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis and the analysis of work process, define
The die joint of the related die of the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis, creates preliminary bone cement spacer former；
Concrete, after the three-dimensional CAD model of articular prosthesis is set up, to the connected mode of human synovial prosthese model with
Work process etc. are analyzed, and distinguish the crucial geometric properties of its major function of model realization and non-key geometric properties.For
Ensure the precision of crucial geometric properties, when the die joint of the relevant former of definition, it should be ensured that die joint not with crucial geometric properties
Fructus Musae, and it is prone to the taking-up of follow-up bone cement article shaped.
S14, characteristic according to bone cement, edit the local feature of described preliminary bone cement spacer former,
Obtain bone cement spacer former.
Concrete, the local feature to described preliminary bone cement spacer former in the embodiment of the present invention is compiled
Volume, it is mainly the problem such as the intensity according to shaping raw material (bone cement) and filler process, to preliminary bone cement spacer former
Some local features modify, thus obtain final bone cement spacer former.
By technical scheme disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention one, after the cloud data gathering patient articular's prosthese, set up
The preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of articular prosthesis, and according to the practical situation of patient, the feature beyond non-key curved surface is carried out
Editor, obtains the final three-dimensional CAD model of articular prosthesis, the three-dimensional CAD model of the articular prosthesis by obtaining, and according to
The characteristic of bone cement, finally gives bone cement spacer former.And then achieve quick Fabrication high accuracy and the bone of high matching degree
The purpose of cement spacer former.
Embodiment two
The detailed process of S11 to the S14 step described in the reference embodiment of the present invention one and Fig. 1, and see Fig. 2 for this
The flow process of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model setting up articular prosthesis in S11 step shown in Fig. 1 corresponding in inventive embodiments two is shown
Being intended to, in Fig. 1, step S11 specifically includes:
S111, the cloud data of collection patient articular's prosthese；
S112, by described cloud data occur unnecessary some cloud or noise carry out pre-treatment, the point after being processed
Cloud data；
Concrete, due to restriction and the impact of scanning circumstance of scanner scanning technology, it is unnecessary inevitably to bring
Some cloud or earlier, can manually select and these clouds are deleted, and the cloud data that scanning obtains is alignd,
The process such as noise reduction filters and simplifies, in order to follow-up process.
S113, the cloud data after described process is carried out data encapsulation, form polygonal mesh data；
S114, described polygonal mesh data is carried out pretreatment, set up polygonal grid model；
Concrete, just enter the polygon stage after cloud data is packaged, typically directly encapsulated by a cloud and obtain
Polygon model usually there will be the patch of false demonstration.Whether the fairing of polygon curved surface directly influences follow-up curved surface
Fit operation, therefore carrying out pretreatment is a crucial step during reverse curve reestablishing, and this step specifically includes that simplification or refinement
Polygonal mesh data, deletes the spike of polygon model rat, the border of lax polygon model, removes polygon
Geometric properties wrong in model or unessential geometric properties, when filling point cloud is converted into polygon or owing to scanning number
According to the produced hole of disappearance, the border of editor's polygon model makes the feature in polygon model more easily discriminate between, repairs phase
The shape changeable data handed over, sharpen square edge or step etc..
S115, geometric properties to described polygonal grid model carry out feature extraction, according to the parametrization mould extracted
Type and the feature of patch, set up the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis.
Concrete, seeing Fig. 3 is the method flow schematic diagram that this step is concrete, and described step S115 includes:
S1151, according to surface curvature change described polygonal grid model is divided into different geometric extents, wherein,
Described geometric extent includes plane, quadratic surface and free form surface；
Concrete, described geometric extent can include plane, quadratic surface and free form surface, also includes the face of cylinder simultaneously
And taper seat, mainly include plane, quadratic surface and free form surface herein in conjunction with technical scheme.
S1152, the plan-position passing through to preset intercept the plane in described polygonal grid model and quadratic surface, obtain
Two-dimensional section profile, and described two-dimensional section profile is processed, set up parameterized model；
Concrete, the step for mainly carry out the extraction of rule feature, and extract object and be mainly plane and secondary
Curved surface, define a plane go intercept target area, obtain rule feature two-dimensional section profile, by stretching, rotate and
The operation such as scan and set up parameterized model.And the step for be mainly conducive to follow-up more accurately to relevant threedimensional model
The reconstruction of rule feature；
S1153, by the free form surface of described polygonal grid model is carried out feature extraction, obtain irregular curved surface
Feature, carries out surface fitting to described irregular curved surface features, generates target surface sheet；
Concrete, the step for be accomplished that irregular feature extraction, its object is mainly free form surface, it is therefore an objective to extract
Follow-up reconstruction to the free form surface in correlation model more accurately is conducive to after feature.
S1154, described parameterized model and described target surface sheet are carried out Boolean calculation, utilize described target surface sheet
Described parameterized model intercepts a curved surface identical with described target surface sheet, sets up preliminary the three of described articular prosthesis
Vc AD model.
Accordingly, seeing Fig. 4 is to set up articular prosthesis in S12 step shown in Fig. 1 corresponding in the embodiment of the present invention two
The schematic flow sheet of three-dimensional CAD model, in Fig. 1, step S12 specifically includes:
S121, according to the actual size measured at the patient articular that obtains, the preliminary three-dimensional CAD mould to described articular prosthesis
The physical dimension of type is modified, and according to the intensity of bone cement article shaped, increases the preliminary three-dimensional CAD mould of described articular prosthesis
Physical dimension at the strength weak of type, obtains the final physical dimension of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis；
Concrete, according to the actual size of the joint measuring subjects bones, the physical dimension to the model of articular prosthesis
Modify so that the two size is close, the most just can be more suitable at the former articular prosthesis of patient installing；Want simultaneously
Considering the strength problem of final bone cement article shaped, suitable increases the physical dimension at strength weak.
S122, the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model removing described articular prosthesis non-key curved surface beyond local feature in
Interference characteristic, obtains the actual local feature of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis, wherein, described interference characteristic bag
Include the boss in described local feature and fillet；
S123, according to the final physical dimension of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis and described articular prosthesis
The actual local feature of preliminary three-dimensional CAD model, obtains the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis.
Accordingly, seeing Fig. 5 is the bone that in the embodiment of the present invention two, the establishment in S13 step shown in Fig. 1 of correspondence is preliminary
The schematic flow sheet of cement spacer former, in Fig. 1, step S13 specifically includes:
S131, connected mode and work process to the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis are analyzed, according to described
The three-dimensional CAD model of articular prosthesis realizes the feature of function, distinguishes and obtains crucial geometric properties and non-key geometric properties；
S132, according to the die joint of the related die of the three-dimensional CAD of described articular prosthesis with described crucial geometric properties not
Want the rule handed over, define the die joint of the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis；
Concrete, analyze the three-dimensional CAD model of artificial joint prosthesis, the work process of analysis of joint prosthese, determine main
The geometric properties of working portion.The geometric properties of key is not destroyed during definition die joint.The number of die joint should less and be
Plane, die joint is not the most taken at decorative outer surfaces or the corner of band circular arc, be exactly specifically do not allow die joint and this
A little crucial geometric properties intersect, and thus advantageously ensure that these crucial geometric accuracies.Then bone cement article shaped is considered
Taking-up problem, will facilitate it to take out.These factors comprehensive finally define die joint.
S133, according to described die joint, create preliminary bone cement spacer former.
By technical scheme disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention two, specifically describe and establish the preliminary three-dimensional of articular prosthesis
Cad model, and according to the practical situation of patient, the feature beyond non-key curved surface is edited, obtains articular prosthesis
Final three-dimensional CAD model, the three-dimensional CAD model of the articular prosthesis by obtaining, and according to the characteristic of bone cement, final
Realize process to bone cement spacer former, due to by setting up the model of articular prosthesis and it being revised, thus establish
Bone cement spacer the practical situation of patient compound to its amendment.And then achieve quick Fabrication high accuracy and high matching degree
The purpose of bone cement spacer former.
Embodiment three
Corresponding with the method for designing of the bone cement spacer former disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention one and embodiment two, this
Inventive embodiments three additionally provides the design device of a kind of bone cement spacer former, and seeing Fig. 6 is that the embodiment of the present invention three carries
The bone cement spacer former of confession design device structural representation, and Fig. 7 provide for the embodiment of the present invention three first
Setting up the structural representation of unit, this device specifically includes:
First sets up module 31, for the cloud data according to the patient articular's prosthese collected, sets up described joint false
The preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of body；
First editor module 32, for according to the actual size measured at the patient articular obtained, to described articular prosthesis
Preliminary three-dimensional CAD model non-key curved surface beyond feature edit, obtain the three-dimensional CAD mould of described articular prosthesis
Type；
Second sets up module 33, for according to the connected mode of the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis and worked
The analysis of journey, defines the die joint of the related die of the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis, creates between preliminary bone cement
Every device former；
Second editor module 34, for the characteristic according to bone cement, the office to described preliminary bone cement spacer former
Portion's feature is edited, and obtains bone cement spacer former.
Accordingly, described first set up module 31 and include:
Collecting unit 311, for gathering the cloud data of patient articular's prosthese；
First processing unit 312, for the unnecessary some cloud or the noise that occur in described cloud data are carried out pre-treatment,
Cloud data after being processed；
Encapsulation unit 313, for the cloud data after described process carries out data encapsulation, forms polygonal mesh number
According to；
Second processing unit 314, for described polygonal mesh data is carried out pretreatment, sets up polygonal mesh mould
Type；
First sets up unit 315, for the geometric properties of described polygonal grid model is carried out feature extraction, according to carrying
The parameterized model got and the feature of patch, set up the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis.
Accordingly, described first set up unit 315 and include:
Divide subelement 3151, different several for according to surface curvature change described polygonal grid model being divided into
What field, wherein, described geometric extent includes plane, quadratic surface and free form surface；
First sets up subelement 3152, for intercepting putting down in described polygonal grid model by default plan-position
Face and quadratic surface, obtain two-dimensional section profile, and process described two-dimensional section profile, set up parameterized model；
Extract subelement 3153, for by the free form surface of described polygonal grid model is carried out feature extraction, obtain
To irregular curved surface features, described irregular curved surface features is carried out surface fitting, generate target surface sheet；
Second sets up subelement 3154, for described parameterized model and described target surface sheet are carried out Boolean calculation,
Utilize described target surface sheet to intercept a curved surface identical with described target surface sheet on described parameterized model, set up institute
State the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of articular prosthesis.
Accordingly, described first editor module 32 includes:
First edit cell 321, for according to the actual size measured at the patient articular obtained, to described articular prosthesis
The physical dimension of preliminary three-dimensional CAD model modify, and according to the intensity of bone cement article shaped, increase described articular prosthesis
Preliminary three-dimensional CAD model strength weak at physical dimension, obtain the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis
Whole physical dimension；
Second edit cell 322, beyond the non-key curved surface of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model removing described articular prosthesis
Local feature in interference characteristic, obtain the actual local feature of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis, wherein,
Described interference characteristic includes the boss in described local feature and fillet；
Acquiring unit 323, for the final physical dimension according to the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis and described
The actual local feature of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of articular prosthesis, obtains the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis.
Accordingly, described second set up module 33 and include:
Discrimination unit 331, for carrying out the connected mode of the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis and work process point
Analysis, realizes the feature of function according to the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis, distinguishes and obtains crucial geometric properties and non-key several
What feature；
Definition unit 332, is used for the die joint of the related die of the three-dimensional CAD according to described articular prosthesis and described key
Geometric properties is not desired to the rule handed over, and defines the die joint of the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis；
Creating unit 333, for according to described die joint, creates preliminary bone cement spacer former.
In technical scheme disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention three, set up module by first and establish the preliminary of articular prosthesis
Three-dimensional CAD model, and passed through the first editor module the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of articular prosthesis is edited, it is thus achieved that more
Meet the three-dimensional CAD model of articular prosthesis at patient articular, set up the preliminary bone cement of module creation by second and be spaced
Device former, and by the second editor module, the local feature of described preliminary bone cement spacer former is edited, obtain
Bone cement spacer former, it is achieved thereby that the purpose of the bone cement spacer former of quick Fabrication high accuracy and high matching degree.
In this specification, each embodiment uses the mode gone forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is and other
The difference of embodiment, between each embodiment, identical similar portion sees mutually.For device disclosed in embodiment
For, owing to it corresponds to the method disclosed in Example, so describe is fairly simple, relevant part sees method part and says
Bright.
Described above to the disclosed embodiments, makes professional and technical personnel in the field be capable of or uses the present invention.
Multiple amendment to these embodiments will be apparent from for those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can realize without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and principles disclosed herein and features of novelty phase one
The widest scope caused.
Claims (10)
1. the method for designing of a bone cement spacer former, it is characterised in that the method includes:
According to the cloud data of the patient articular's prosthese collected, set up the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis；
According to the actual size measured at the patient articular obtained, the non-pass to the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis
Feature beyond key curved surface is edited, and obtains the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis；
Connected mode according to the three-dimensional CAD model to described articular prosthesis and the analysis of work process, define described joint
The die joint of the related die of the three-dimensional CAD model of prosthese, creates preliminary bone cement spacer former；
According to the characteristic of bone cement, the local feature of described preliminary bone cement spacer former is edited, obtains bone water
Mud spacer former.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the some cloud number of patient articular's prosthese that described basis collects
According to, set up the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis, including:
Gather the cloud data of patient articular's prosthese；
The unnecessary some cloud or the noise that occur in described cloud data are carried out pre-treatment, the cloud data after being processed；
Cloud data after described process is carried out data encapsulation, forms polygonal mesh data；
Described polygonal mesh data is carried out pretreatment, sets up polygonal grid model；
The geometric properties of described polygonal grid model is carried out feature extraction, according to the parameterized model extracted and patch
Feature, set up the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis.
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the described geometric properties to described polygonal grid model enters
Row feature extraction, according to the parameterized model extracted and the feature of patch, sets up the preliminary three-dimensional CAD of described articular prosthesis
Model, including:
According to surface curvature change, described polygonal grid model being divided into different geometric extents, wherein, described geometry is led
Territory includes plane, quadratic surface and free form surface；
Intercept the plane in described polygonal grid model and quadratic surface by default plan-position, obtain two-dimensional section wheel
Exterior feature, and described two-dimensional section profile is processed, set up parameterized model；
By the free form surface of described polygonal grid model is carried out feature extraction, obtain irregular curved surface features, to institute
State irregular curved surface features and carry out surface fitting, generate target surface sheet；
Described parameterized model and described target surface sheet are carried out Boolean calculation, utilizes described target surface sheet in described parameter
Change and on model, intercept a curved surface identical with described target surface sheet, set up the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described according to the actual chi measured at the patient articular obtained
Very little, the feature beyond the non-key curved surface of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis is edited, obtains described joint
The three-dimensional CAD model of prosthese, including:
According to the actual size measured at the patient articular obtained, the geometry to the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis
Size is modified, and according to the intensity of bone cement article shaped, increases the intensity of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis
The physical dimension of weakness, obtains the final physical dimension of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis；
The interference characteristic in local feature beyond the non-key curved surface of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model removing described articular prosthesis,
Obtaining the actual local feature of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis, wherein, described interference characteristic includes described local
Boss in feature and fillet；
The final physical dimension of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model according to described articular prosthesis and the preliminary three-dimensional of described articular prosthesis
The actual local feature of cad model, obtains the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the described basis three-dimensional CAD model to described articular prosthesis
Connected mode and the analysis of work process, define the die joint of the related die of the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis,
Create preliminary bone cement spacer former, including:
Connected mode and work process to the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis are analyzed, according to described articular prosthesis
Three-dimensional CAD model realize the feature of function, distinguish and obtain crucial geometric properties and non-key geometric properties；
The die joint of the related die of the three-dimensional CAD according to described articular prosthesis and described crucial geometric properties are not desired to the rule handed over
Then, the die joint of the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis is defined；
According to described die joint, create preliminary bone cement spacer former.
6. the design device of a bone cement spacer former, it is characterised in that this device includes:
First sets up module, for the cloud data according to the patient articular's prosthese collected, sets up at the beginning of described articular prosthesis
Step three-dimensional CAD model；
First editor module, for according to the actual size measured at the patient articular that obtains, preliminary to described articular prosthesis
Feature beyond the non-key curved surface of three-dimensional CAD model is edited, and obtains the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis；
Second sets up module, for basis to the connected mode of the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis and dividing of work process
Analysis, defines the die joint of the related die of the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis, creates preliminary bone cement spacer cloudy
Mould；
Second editor module, for the characteristic according to bone cement, the local feature to described preliminary bone cement spacer former
Edit, obtain bone cement spacer former.
Device the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described first sets up module includes:
Collecting unit, for gathering the cloud data of patient articular's prosthese；
First processing unit, for the unnecessary some cloud or the noise that occur in described cloud data are carried out pre-treatment, obtains everywhere
Cloud data after reason；
Encapsulation unit, for the cloud data after described process carries out data encapsulation, forms polygonal mesh data；
Second processing unit, for described polygonal mesh data is carried out pretreatment, sets up polygonal grid model；
First sets up unit, for the geometric properties of described polygonal grid model is carried out feature extraction, according to extract
Parameterized model and the feature of patch, set up the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis.
Device the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described first sets up unit includes:
Divide subelement, for described polygonal grid model being divided into different geometric extents according to surface curvature change,
Wherein, described geometric extent includes plane, quadratic surface and free form surface；
First sets up subelement, for being intercepted the plane in described polygonal grid model and secondary by default plan-position
Curved surface, obtains two-dimensional section profile, and processes described two-dimensional section profile, set up parameterized model；
Extract subelement, for by the free form surface of described polygonal grid model is carried out feature extraction, obtain irregular
Curved surface features, described irregular curved surface features is carried out surface fitting, generates target surface sheet；
Second sets up subelement, for described parameterized model and described target surface sheet are carried out Boolean calculation, utilizes described
Target surface sheet intercepts a curved surface identical with described target surface sheet on described parameterized model, sets up described joint false
The preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of body.
Device the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described first editor module includes:
First edit cell, for according to the actual size measured at the patient articular that obtains, preliminary to described articular prosthesis
The physical dimension of three-dimensional CAD model is modified, and according to the intensity of bone cement article shaped, increases the preliminary of described articular prosthesis
Physical dimension at the strength weak of three-dimensional CAD model, obtains the final geometry of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis
Size；
Second edit cell, the local beyond the non-key curved surface of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model removing described articular prosthesis
Interference characteristic in feature, obtains the actual local feature of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis, wherein, described dry
Disturb feature and include the boss in described local feature and fillet；
Acquiring unit, false for final physical dimension and the described joint of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model according to described articular prosthesis
The actual local feature of the preliminary three-dimensional CAD model of body, obtains the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis.
Device the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described second sets up module includes:
Discrimination unit, for the connected mode of the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis and work process are analyzed, according to
The three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis realizes the feature of function, distinguishes and obtains crucial geometric properties and non-key geometric properties；
Definition unit, special with described crucial geometry for the die joint of the related die of the three-dimensional CAD according to described articular prosthesis
Levy the rule being not desired to hand over, define the die joint of the three-dimensional CAD model of described articular prosthesis；
Creating unit, for according to described die joint, creates preliminary bone cement spacer former.
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| CN109549658A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-04-02 | 西南科技大学 | A kind of bone cement implant attribute quantitative analysis method |
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