CN106209086A - Voltage-controlled oscillator - Google Patents
Voltage-controlled oscillator Download PDFInfo
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- CN106209086A CN106209086A CN201610475300.4A CN201610475300A CN106209086A CN 106209086 A CN106209086 A CN 106209086A CN 201610475300 A CN201610475300 A CN 201610475300A CN 106209086 A CN106209086 A CN 106209086A
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
- H03L7/099—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the controlled oscillator of the loop
- H03L7/0995—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the controlled oscillator of the loop the oscillator comprising a ring oscillator
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Abstract
The present invention relates to electronic circuit technology field, disclose a kind of voltage-controlled oscillator, there is high linearity.This voltage-controlled oscillator includes: time delay module, is used for producing oscillator signal;Voltage-to-current conversion circuit, for being converted to driving electric current by control voltage;And current mirror, for by described driven current mirror picture to described time delay module, as the operating current of described time delay module;Wherein, described voltage-to-current conversion circuit be linear voltage to current converter circuit so that the frequency of described oscillator signal and described control voltage linear relation.It addition, the delay unit in time delay module uses output common mode voltage self-stabilization technology, thus obtain stable output common mode level.Voltage-controlled oscillator disclosed by the invention, tool High Linear characteristic and stable output common mode voltage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic circuit technology field, particularly to a kind of voltage-controlled oscillator, there is High Linear
Spend and stablize common mode output voltage.
Background technology
Agitator (oscillator) is a kind of energy conversion device, direct current energy can be converted to have certain frequency
AC energy.Agitator can be as RF SoC (radio frequency system on chip, RF_SOC)
Pith, and be chip provide clock signal or for receiving-transmitting chain provide local carrier signal.According to division, agitator can
To be divided into outer Induced Oscillation device and interior Induced Oscillation device, its China and foreign countries' Induced Oscillation device is also called " Control of Voltage agitator or Control of Voltage
Agitator ", and the agitator that the interior i.e. no-voltage of Induced Oscillation device controls.Wherein, voltage-controlled oscillator can be divided into again Control of Voltage
Ring oscillator and Control of Voltage inductor-capacitor agitator, both are applied to different occasions according to different requirements.Wherein,
Ring oscillator is widely used in the application of clock type and low frequency or MF communication.It is typically by several phases
Same delay unit one loop of composition, delay unit therein can use single-ended format or difference form, specifically distinguish
As shown in Fig. 1 (a) and Fig. 1 (b).
Present inventor is applied to phaselocked loop (phase locked in practice, it has been found that work as ring oscillator
Loop, PLL) in frequency synthesizer, during to produce stable output frequency, ring oscillator, by the Control of Voltage of loop, is formed
Voltage-controlled oscillator.Now, it is desirable to voltage-controlled oscillator (the most annular voltage controlled oscillating circuit) is in the control of work
Voltage range processed can have the preferable linearity, thus ensures the preferable loop stability of PLL and performance.But, current
Voltage-controlled oscillator does not has characteristics that, therefore the real necessity having improvement of prior art.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of voltage-controlled oscillator, there is preferable linear characteristic.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, embodiments of the present invention provide a kind of voltage-controlled oscillator, comprise:
Time delay module, is used for producing oscillator signal;Voltage-to-current conversion circuit, for being converted to driving electric current by control voltage;With
And current mirror, for by described driven current mirror picture to described time delay module, as the operating current of described time delay module;Its
In, described voltage-to-current conversion circuit be linear voltage to current converter circuit so that the frequency of described oscillator signal with
Described control voltage linear relation.
Present embodiment in terms of existing technologies, by linear voltage-to-current conversion circuit, improves vibration
The frequency of signal and the linear relationship controlling voltage, thus obtain the voltage-controlled oscillator of high linearity.
It addition, described voltage-to-current conversion circuit includes: the first transistor, its grid terminates described control voltage, its
Drain electrode terminates described current mirror;And resistor, one terminates the source electrode of described the first transistor, other end ground connection.This implements
In mode, voltage-to-current conversion circuit adds the structure of resistance by transistor, improves frequency and the control electricity of oscillator signal
The linear relationship of pressure.
It addition, described resistor is rheostat, then can be adjusted by the resistance adjusting described rheostat
The linearity between frequency and the described control voltage of described oscillator signal.
It addition, the source electrode of described the first transistor is connected with the substrate of described the first transistor, to reduce this transistor
Threshold voltage, such that it is able to extension output controls the excursion of voltage, and improves the linearity of this transistor.
Described time delay module includes: the delay unit of multiple series connection, and described current mirror is for by described driving electric current respectively
There is provided to described delay unit;
It addition, the linear relationship between the frequency of described oscillator signal and described control voltage is:
Wherein, foscFor the frequency of described oscillator signal, VsFor described control voltage, RvResistance for described rheostat
Value, Vsw is the amplitude of oscillation of the output voltage of described delay unit, and C is the parasitic capacitance of the outfan of described delay unit.
It addition, the plurality of delay unit is the delay unit of differential-input differential output form.
It addition, the plurality of delay unit all uses the feedback form of local Commom-mode feedback.This embodiment, employing office
The feedback form of portion's Commom-mode feedback, can improve the stability of structure, and realize low power dissipation design.
It addition, each delay unit in the plurality of delay unit all includes: transistor seconds;Third transistor, its
Grid couples with the grid of described transistor seconds, the source electrode of its source electrode and described transistor seconds and couple;4th is brilliant
Body pipe, its drain electrode is connected with the drain electrode of described second crystal, and its grid is the positive input of this delay unit;5th crystal
Pipe, its drain electrode is connected with the drain electrode of described 3rd crystal, and its grid is the negative input of described delay unit, its source electrode and institute
The output of the source electrode and described current mirror of stating the 4th transistor couples;Second resistor;And the 3rd resistor, described second
Resistor and described 3rd resistor string are connected on described in described 4th transistor between the drain electrode of the 5th transistor, and described second
The junction point of resistor and described 3rd resistor is additionally coupled to the grid of described transistor seconds.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 (a) be in existing ring oscillator delay unit use single-ended format structural representation;
Fig. 1 (b) is the structural representation that in existing ring oscillator, delay unit uses difference form;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of delay unit in Fig. 3.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing each reality to the present invention
The mode of executing is explained in detail.But, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that in each embodiment of the present invention,
In order to make reader be more fully understood that, the application proposes many ins and outs.But, even if there is no these ins and outs and base
Many variations and amendment in following embodiment, it is also possible to realize the application each claim technical side required for protection
Case.
First embodiment of the present invention relates to a kind of voltage-controlled oscillator.Concrete structure is as shown in Figure 2.This electricity
Voltage-controlled ring oscillator processed 2, comprises: time delay module 21, voltage-to-current conversion circuit 22 and current mirror 23.
Wherein, voltage-to-current conversion circuit 22 will be for controlling voltage VctrlBe converted to drive electric current I.Current mirror 23,
For driving electric current I mirror image that voltage-to-current conversion circuit 22 is changed to time delay module 21, using as time delay module 21
Operating current is (such as Idelay).Wherein, time delay module 21, under the driving effect of operating current, produces oscillator signal, and this vibration is believed
Number frequency can depend on that this driving electric current, i.e. voltage-to-current conversion circuit 22 are current generated.For the technology of the present invention
For personnel, understanding that time delay module, how under the driving of operating current, produces oscillator signal, therefore this process is the most detailed
Repeat.
Present embodiment, voltage-to-current conversion circuit 22 can be linear circuit, so that what time delay module 21 produced
The frequency of oscillator signal and control voltage VctrlIn the highest linear relationship, thus obtain the Control of Voltage annular of high linearity
Agitator.
Second embodiment of the present invention relates to a kind of voltage-controlled oscillator, as shown in Figure 3.Second embodiment
It it is the further refinement to circuit module each in the first embodiment.Specifically, as it is shown on figure 3, voltage is to electric current conversion electricity
Road 22 includes: transistor M1, and it can be N-type MOS (metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS)) transistor;And resistor RV, it is permissible
For rheostat.
As it is shown on figure 3, the grid termination of transistor M1 controls voltage Vctrl, drain electrode termination current mirror 23.And resistor RV's
The source electrode of one termination transistor M1, other end ground connection (such as reference).In the example shown, the source electrode of transistor M1 connects substrate, thus
Reduce the threshold voltage (V of transistor M1th), and then extend the excursion of output control voltage and improve the line of transistor M1
Property degree.
It addition, resistor RVCan resistance adjustable, such that it is able to by adjust rheostat RVResistance adjust this voltage
Control frequency and the control voltage V of the oscillator signal of ring oscillator 2 outputctrlBetween the linearity.
Wherein, the mutual conductance expression formula of transistor M1 is:From this expression formula, variable resistance
When the Rv transimpedance compared to transistor M1 is much bigger, effective mutual conductance of transistor M1 is linear with Rv.By adjusting
Whole resistor RVResistance can change the value of effective mutual conductance of this transistor M1
Continue as it is shown on figure 3, time delay module 21 includes: the delay unit of multiple series connection, such as delay unit 211, time delay list
Unit 212 and delay unit 213, it should be noted that the quantity of delay unit is not so limited in time delay module 21.
As it is shown on figure 3, delay unit 211, delay unit 212 and delay unit 213 are provided work by current mirror 23 for it
Make electric current, and vibrate under the effect of this electric current, the oscillator signal needed for producing.
Bear as it is shown on figure 3, the feedback system of delay unit 211, delay unit 212 and delay unit 213 is local common mode
Feedback.So-called local common-mode feedback is exactly that the differential signal of circuit self directly oneself feeds back, it is not necessary to external common-mode is joined
Examine what voltage carried out feeding back.This kind of feedback system, it is not necessary to external common-mode voltage, therefore can reduce power consumption, meet lower powered
Design requirement.
As it is shown on figure 3, current mirror 23 is mainly made up of multiple transistors, the plurality of transistor can be p-type MOS crystal
Managing, and the grid of these transistors is coupled together, source electrode is both coupled to supply voltage (VDD), and drains and be respectively coupled to
Different parts, as shown in the drain electrode of leftmost transistor be coupled to the drain electrode of transistor M1.On the right of in diagram three
Transistor is respectively delay unit 211, delay unit 212 and delay unit 213 and provides delaying current Idelay°
In the present embodiment, between frequency and the control voltage of the oscillator signal of whole voltage-controlled oscillator 2
Linear relationship can be expressed as:
Wherein, foscFor the frequency of described oscillator signal, Td is delay time (namely the work of the delay unit of ring oscillation
Make the discharge and recharge time of electric current), IdelayFor the operating current of delay unit, VsFor controlling voltage (Vctrl), C is that delay unit is defeated
Going out the parasitic capacitance at two ends or fixing load capacitance, Vsw is the amplitude of oscillation of delay unit output voltage, RvFor rheostat
Resistance.
Third embodiment of the present invention relates to a kind of delay unit, as shown in Figure 4.3rd embodiment is real to second
Execute the further refinement of delay unit in mode, comprising: transistor MN1, transistor MN2, transistor MP1, transistor MP2,
Resistance R1 and resistance R2.Transistor MN1 and transistor MN2 is N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor, and transistor MP1 and transistor MP2 is p-type MOS
Pipe.
Wherein, the grid of transistor MP1 is the positive input INP of this delay unit, and the grid of transistor MP2 is time delay
The negative input INN of unit.The grid of transistor MN2 couples with the grid of transistor MN1, transistor MN2 source electrode and crystal
The source electrode of pipe MN1 and couple.The drain electrode of transistor MP1 is connected with the drain electrode of transistor MN1.The drain electrode of transistor MP2 with
The drain electrode of transistor MN2 connects, and the source electrode of transistor MP2 couples with the source electrode of transistor MP1 and the outfan of current mirror.
Wherein, resistance R1 and resistance R2 is serially connected between the drain electrode of transistor MP1 and transistor MP2, and resistance R1 and electricity
The junction point of resistance R2 is additionally coupled to the grid of transistor MN1.
It addition, also concatenated filter capacitor C1 between the grid and ground of transistor MN1, for feedback common-mode voltage is entered
Row filtering.
The embodiment of the present invention, voltage-controlled oscillator therein is compared to existing voltage-controlled oscillator
Speech, has the high linearity and stable output common mode voltage.
It is noted that each module involved in present embodiment is logic module, in actual applications, one
Individual logical block can be a physical location, it is also possible to be a part for a physical location, it is also possible to multiple physics lists
The combination of unit realizes.Additionally, for the innovative part highlighting the present invention, will be with solution institute of the present invention in present embodiment
The unit that the technical problem relation of proposition is the closest introduces, but this is not intended that in present embodiment the list that there is not other
Unit.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the respective embodiments described above are to realize the specific embodiment of the present invention,
And in actual applications, can to it, various changes can be made in the form and details, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a voltage-controlled oscillator, it is characterised in that comprise:
Time delay module, is used for producing oscillator signal;
Voltage-to-current conversion circuit, for being converted to driving electric current by control voltage;And
Current mirror, for by described driven current mirror picture to described time delay module, as the operating current of described time delay module;
Wherein, described voltage-to-current conversion circuit is linear voltage to current converter circuit, so that described oscillator signal
Frequency and described control voltage linear relation.
Voltage-controlled oscillator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described voltage-to-current conversion circuit
Including:
The first transistor, its grid terminates described control voltage, and its drain electrode terminates described current mirror;And
Resistor, one terminates the source electrode of described the first transistor, other end ground connection.
Voltage-controlled oscillator the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described resistor is variable resistance
Device, adjusts the pass between the frequency of described oscillator signal and described control voltage by the resistance adjusting described rheostat
System.
Voltage-controlled oscillator the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the source electrode of described the first transistor with
The substrate of described the first transistor connects.
Voltage-controlled oscillator the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described time delay module includes: multiple
The delay unit of series connection, described current mirror is for providing described driving electric current respectively to described delay unit;
Wherein, the linear relationship between frequency and the described control voltage of described oscillator signal is:
Wherein, foscFor the frequency of described oscillator signal, VsFor described control voltage, RvFor the resistance of described rheostat, Vsw
For the amplitude of oscillation of the output voltage of described delay unit, C is parasitic capacitance or the load capacitance of the outfan of described delay unit.
Voltage-controlled oscillator the most according to any one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that described time delay mould
Block includes: the delay unit of multiple series connection, and described current mirror is for providing described driving electric current respectively to described delay unit.
Voltage-controlled oscillator the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the plurality of delay unit is difference
Divide the delay unit of input difference output form.
Voltage-controlled oscillator the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the plurality of delay unit all uses
The locally feedback form of Commom-mode feedback.
Voltage-controlled oscillator the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that every in the plurality of delay unit
Individual delay unit all includes:
Transistor seconds;
Third transistor, its grid couples with the grid of described transistor seconds, its source electrode and the source electrode of described transistor seconds
And couple;
4th transistor, its drain electrode is connected with the drain electrode of described second crystal, and its grid is the positive input of this delay unit;
5th transistor, its drain electrode is connected with the drain electrode of described 3rd crystal, and its grid is the negative sense input of described delay unit
End, its source electrode couples with the described source electrode of the 4th transistor and the output of described current mirror;
Second resistor;And
3rd resistor, described second resistor and described 3rd resistor string are connected on the 5th crystal described in described 4th transistor
Between the drain electrode of pipe, and the junction point of described second resistor and described 3rd resistor is additionally coupled to described transistor seconds
Grid.
Voltage-controlled oscillator the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described transistor seconds and described
Third transistor is N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor, and described 4th transistor and described 5th transistor are p-type metal-oxide-semiconductor.
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106888004A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-06-23 | 西安紫光国芯半导体有限公司 | A kind of ring oscillator |
CN109167571A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-08 | 中科芯集成电路股份有限公司 | A kind of low-power consumption ring oscillator and its implementation |
CN110365332A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-10-22 | 芯创智(北京)微电子有限公司 | A kind of number/voltage-controlled oscillator of low supply voltage |
CN113794446A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-14 | 上海磐启微电子有限公司 | RC oscillator with frequency not changing with temperature and power supply voltage |
TWI800644B (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2023-05-01 | 南韓商三星電子股份有限公司 | Digitally-controlled oscillators |
WO2023155485A1 (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2023-08-24 | 华为技术有限公司 | Ring voltage-controlled oscillator and driving method therefor, phase-locked loop, and electronic device |
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CN101527567A (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2009-09-09 | 瑞昱半导体股份有限公司 | Clock and data recovery circuit |
CN103036558A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-10 | 中芯国际集成电路制造(上海)有限公司 | Voltage-controlled oscillator |
CN104300971A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-01-21 | 北京兆易创新科技股份有限公司 | Frequency stabilized ring oscillator |
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CN1627628A (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-06-15 | 上海贝岭股份有限公司 | Annular voltage controlled oscillator operated in differential signal and low voltage |
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CN101527567A (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2009-09-09 | 瑞昱半导体股份有限公司 | Clock and data recovery circuit |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106888004A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-06-23 | 西安紫光国芯半导体有限公司 | A kind of ring oscillator |
TWI800644B (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2023-05-01 | 南韓商三星電子股份有限公司 | Digitally-controlled oscillators |
CN109167571A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-08 | 中科芯集成电路股份有限公司 | A kind of low-power consumption ring oscillator and its implementation |
CN110365332A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-10-22 | 芯创智(北京)微电子有限公司 | A kind of number/voltage-controlled oscillator of low supply voltage |
CN113794446A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-14 | 上海磐启微电子有限公司 | RC oscillator with frequency not changing with temperature and power supply voltage |
CN113794446B (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2023-10-27 | 上海磐启微电子有限公司 | RC oscillator with frequency not changing with temperature and power supply voltage |
WO2023155485A1 (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2023-08-24 | 华为技术有限公司 | Ring voltage-controlled oscillator and driving method therefor, phase-locked loop, and electronic device |
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