CN106207721A - Light source line width compressibility step by step - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种光源线宽逐级压缩系统，其窄线宽光源发生装置中光源发生增益装置的产生光源并将光源作为入射光传输给第一光纤；第一光纤基于瑞利散射效应对入射光的线宽进行压缩，以获得入射正方向和入射反方向上的瑞利散射信号，针对传输至第一滤波器的入射正方向上的瑞利散射信号，一部分输出，另一部分反射回第一光纤，第一光纤将被反射回的瑞利散射信号，连同入射反方向上的瑞利散射信号传输给光源发生增益装置进行增益放大；增益放大后的瑞利散射信号作为入射光传输给第一光纤，以使第一光纤对入射光的线宽进行循环压缩，直至光源被第一滤波器全部输出，最后输出的该部分光源为窄线宽光源，做再压缩。本发明结构简单、体积小且成本较低。
The invention provides a stepwise compression system for light source line width. The light source generating gain device in the narrow line width light source generating device generates light source and transmits the light source as incident light to the first optical fiber; the first optical fiber is based on the Rayleigh scattering effect The linewidth of the light is compressed to obtain Rayleigh scattering signals in the forward direction of incidence and in the reverse direction of incidence, and for the Rayleigh scattering signals in the forward direction of incidence transmitted to the first filter, a part is output, and the other part is reflected back to the first optical fiber, The first optical fiber transmits the Rayleigh scattering signal reflected back, together with the Rayleigh scattering signal in the opposite direction of the incident, to the light source generation gain device for gain amplification; the amplified Rayleigh scattering signal is transmitted to the first optical fiber as incident light, so that The first optical fiber cyclically compresses the linewidth of the incident light until the light source is completely output by the first filter, and the part of the light source that is finally output is a narrow linewidth light source for recompression. The invention has simple structure, small volume and low cost.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于光源发生装置领域，具体涉及一种光源线宽逐级压缩系统。The invention belongs to the field of light source generating devices, and in particular relates to a step-by-step compression system for line width of a light source.
背景技术Background technique
超窄线宽的单纵模激光束是一种具有极低相位噪声和超长相干长度的优质光源，在第一光纤传感、第一光纤通信、激光雷达、分布式石油管道检测等领域中具有广阔的应用前景。目前形成超窄线宽的单纵模激光束的方法多种多样，比如短腔法、饱和吸收体、多环环形腔等方法，但基于前述方法的激光器大多存在结构复杂、体积较大、成本高昂、线宽压缩效果不理想的缺陷，这大大的限制了超窄线宽的单纵模激光束的应用。The single longitudinal mode laser beam with ultra-narrow linewidth is a high-quality light source with extremely low phase noise and ultra-long coherence length. with broadly application foreground. At present, there are many methods for forming ultra-narrow linewidth single longitudinal mode laser beams, such as short cavity method, saturable absorber, multi-ring ring cavity and other methods, but most of the lasers based on the aforementioned methods have complex structures, large volumes, and low The defects of high cost and unsatisfactory linewidth compression effect greatly limit the application of ultra-narrow linewidth single longitudinal mode laser beams.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供一种光源线宽逐级压缩系统，以解决目前产生光源线宽逐级压缩系统结构复杂、体积较大、成本较高以及线宽压缩不理想的问题。The invention provides a step-by-step compression system for line width of a light source to solve the problems of complex structure, large volume, high cost and unsatisfactory line width compression of the current step-by-step compression system for line width of a light source.
根据本发明实施例的第一方面，提供一种光源线宽逐级压缩系统，包括窄线宽光源发生装置和线宽压缩装置，其中所述窄线宽光源发生装置包括光源发生增益装置、第一光纤、第一滤波器，所述光源发生增益装置用于产生光源并将所述光源作为入射光传输给所述第一光纤；According to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a light source linewidth compression system step by step, including a narrow linewidth light source generating device and a linewidth compression device, wherein the narrow linewidth light source generating device includes a light source generating gain device, a second An optical fiber, a first filter, the light source generating gain device is used to generate a light source and transmit the light source to the first optical fiber as incident light;
所述第一光纤用于基于瑞利散射效应对所述入射光的线宽进行压缩，以获得线宽压缩后的入射正方向和入射反方向上的瑞利散射信号，针对传输至所述第一滤波器的所述入射正方向上的瑞利散射信号，一部分被所述第一滤波器传输出去，另一部分被所述第一滤波器反射回所述第一光纤，所述第一光纤将被反射回来的瑞利散射信号，连同所述入射反方向上的瑞利散射信号传输给所述光源发生增益装置进行增益放大；The first optical fiber is used to compress the linewidth of the incident light based on the Rayleigh scattering effect, so as to obtain the Rayleigh scattering signals in the forward direction and reverse direction after the linewidth compression, for transmission to the first A part of the Rayleigh scattering signal in the positive incident direction of the filter is transmitted by the first filter, and the other part is reflected back to the first optical fiber by the first filter, and the first optical fiber will be reflected The returned Rayleigh scattering signal, together with the Rayleigh scattering signal in the reverse direction of the incident, is transmitted to the light source generating gain device for gain amplification;
增益放大后的瑞利散射信号作为入射光被传输给所述第一光纤，以使所述第一光纤对所述入射光的线宽进行循环压缩，直至所述预设量的光源被所述第一滤波器全部传输出去，最后被传输出去的该部分光源即为所述窄线宽光源发生装置输出的窄线宽光源，该窄线宽光源被传输给所述线宽压缩装置后，由所述线宽压缩装置基于布里渊散射效应和瑞利散射效应对其接收到的光源的线宽做进一步压缩。The gain-amplified Rayleigh scattering signal is transmitted to the first optical fiber as incident light, so that the first optical fiber cyclically compresses the linewidth of the incident light until the preset amount of light source is captured by the The first filter is completely transmitted, and the part of the light source that is finally transmitted is the narrow linewidth light source output by the narrow linewidth light source generating device. After the narrow linewidth light source is transmitted to the linewidth compression device, the The line width compression device further compresses the line width of the light source it receives based on the Brillouin scattering effect and the Rayleigh scattering effect.
在一种可选的实现方式中，所述窄线宽光源发生装置还包括第二滤波器，所述光源发生增益装置用于将所述预设量的光源作为输入光源传输给所述第二滤波器，所述输入光源的一部分作为入射光被所述第二滤波器传输至所述第一光纤，另一部分被所述第二滤波器反射回所述光源发生增益装置进行增益放大，增益放大后的该部分光源作为输入光源被传输给所述第二滤波器。In an optional implementation manner, the narrow-linewidth light source generating device further includes a second filter, and the light source generating gain device is used to transmit the preset amount of light source as an input light source to the second filter. filter, a part of the input light source is transmitted to the first optical fiber by the second filter as incident light, and the other part is reflected by the second filter back to the light source to generate a gain device for gain amplification, and the gain amplification The last part of the light source is transmitted to the second filter as the input light source.
在另一种可选的实现方式中，所述第一光纤将被所述第一滤波器反射回来的瑞利散射信号，连同所述入射正方向上的瑞利散射信号传输给所述第二滤波器；In another optional implementation manner, the first optical fiber transmits the Rayleigh scattering signal reflected by the first filter, together with the Rayleigh scattering signal in the incident positive direction, to the second filter device;
所述第二滤波器将其接收到的瑞利散射信号的一部分作为入射光反射给所述第一光纤，另一部分传输至所述光源发生增益装置进行增益放大，增益放大后的该部分瑞利散射信号作为输入光源被传输给所述第二滤波器。The second filter reflects a part of the received Rayleigh scattering signal to the first optical fiber as incident light, and the other part is transmitted to the light source to generate a gain device for gain amplification, and the part of the Rayleigh scattering signal after gain amplification is The scattered signal is transmitted to the second filter as input light source.
在另一种可选的实现方式中，所述光源发生增益装置为激光器内的增益介质。In another optional implementation manner, the light source generating gain device is a gain medium in a laser.
在另一种可选的实现方式中，所述第二滤波器为激光器内的光栅。In another optional implementation manner, the second filter is a grating in a laser.
在另一种可选的实现方式中，所述激光器采用单纵模激光器。In another optional implementation manner, the laser is a single longitudinal mode laser.
在另一种可选的实现方式中，所述第一滤波器和所述第二滤波器可透射和反射的波长范围覆盖所述光源发生增益装置所产生的光源的波长范围。In another optional implementation manner, the transmittable and reflective wavelength ranges of the first filter and the second filter cover the wavelength range of the light source generated by the light source generating gain device.
在另一种可选的实现方式中，通过对所述第一光纤的材料和长度，以及所述第一滤波器、所述第二滤波器的透射率和反射率进行设计，来获得最优窄线宽光源。In another optional implementation manner, by designing the material and length of the first optical fiber, and the transmittance and reflectance of the first filter and the second filter, the optimal Narrow linewidth light source.
在另一种可选的实现方式中，所述线宽压缩装置包括第一环形器、第二环形器、偏振控制器、第二光纤、第三光纤和第三滤波器，其中所述窄线宽光源通过所述第一环形器被传输给所述第二光纤，所述第二光纤基于布里渊散射效应产生布里渊散射光，该布里渊散射光传输回所述第一环形器并被所述第一环形器传输给所述偏振控制器，所述偏振控制器对所述布里渊散射光进行偏振处理后传输给所述第二环形器，所述第二环形器将所述布里渊散射光作为入射光传输给所述第三光纤；In another optional implementation manner, the line width compression device includes a first circulator, a second circulator, a polarization controller, a second optical fiber, a third optical fiber, and a third filter, wherein the narrow line The wide light source is transmitted to the second optical fiber through the first circulator, the second optical fiber generates Brillouin scattered light based on the Brillouin scattering effect, and the Brillouin scattered light is transmitted back to the first circulator and transmitted to the polarization controller by the first circulator, the polarization controller performs polarization processing on the Brillouin scattered light and transmits it to the second circulator, and the second circulator converts the The Brillouin scattered light is transmitted to the third optical fiber as incident light;
所述第三光纤基于瑞利散射效应产生瑞利散射光，针对传输给所述第三滤波器的入射正方向上的瑞利散射光，一部分被所述第三滤波器传输出去，另一部分被所述第三滤波器反射回所述第三光纤，所述第三光纤将反射回来的瑞利散射光，连同所述入射反方向上的瑞利散射光通过所述第二环形器传输给所述第二光纤。The third optical fiber generates Rayleigh scattered light based on the Rayleigh scattering effect. For the Rayleigh scattered light transmitted to the third filter in the positive incident direction, part of the Rayleigh scattered light is transmitted by the third filter, and the other part is transmitted by the third filter. The third filter is reflected back to the third optical fiber, and the third optical fiber transmits the reflected Rayleigh scattered light, together with the Rayleigh scattered light in the opposite direction of the incident, to the first optical fiber through the second circulator. Two optical fibers.
在另一种可选的实现方式中，所述第一滤波器与所述线宽压缩装置之间设置有光功率放大器。In another optional implementation manner, an optical power amplifier is arranged between the first filter and the linewidth compression device.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、本发明采用第一光纤基于瑞利散射效应对光源发生增益装置产生的预设量光源的线宽进行压缩，并使第一滤波器具有透射和发射的特性，一方面可以保证光源被传输出去，另一方面可以保证第一光纤基于瑞利散射效应产生的入射正方向上的部分瑞利散射信号被反射回第一光纤，以使沿着第一光纤传输给光源发生增益装置进行增益放大的瑞利散射信号增多，从而可以保证更多的光源被增益放大后再进行线宽循环压缩，实现窄线宽光源输出，由于本发明所涉及的器件较少，因此相比于目前光源线宽逐级压缩系统结构简单、体积较小、成本较低，且线宽压缩理想；1. The present invention uses the first optical fiber to compress the linewidth of the preset light source generated by the light source gain device based on the Rayleigh scattering effect, and makes the first filter have the characteristics of transmission and emission. On the one hand, it can ensure that the light source is transmitted On the other hand, it can be ensured that the part of the Rayleigh scattering signal in the positive incident direction generated by the first optical fiber based on the Rayleigh scattering effect is reflected back to the first optical fiber, so that the signal transmitted along the first optical fiber to the light source generation gain device for gain amplification The Rayleigh scattering signal increases, which can ensure that more light sources are amplified by gain and then perform line width cycle compression to achieve narrow line width light source output. Since the present invention involves fewer devices, compared with the current light source line width step-by-step The stage compression system has simple structure, small volume, low cost, and ideal line width compression;
2、本发明通过在光源发生增益装置与第一光纤之间增加第二滤波器，并使第二滤波器具有透射和反射的特性，可以在保证正常线宽压缩和增益放大的同时，提高线宽压缩和增益放大的效率；2. The present invention adds a second filter between the light source generating gain device and the first optical fiber, and makes the second filter have the characteristics of transmission and reflection, which can improve the line width while ensuring normal line width compression and gain amplification. Efficiency of wide compression and gain amplification;
3、本发明通过采用激光器内的增益介质作为光源发生增益装置，采用激光器内的光栅作为第二滤波器，可以进一步简化结构、减小体积和降低成本；3. The present invention can further simplify the structure, reduce the volume and reduce the cost by adopting the gain medium in the laser as the light source generating gain device and the grating in the laser as the second filter;
4、本发明通过使第一滤波器和第二滤波器可透射和反射的波长范围覆盖光源发生增益装置所产生的光源的波长范围，可以保证光源在第一滤波器和第二滤波器中实现透射和反射；4. The present invention can ensure that the light source can be realized in the first filter and the second filter by making the wavelength range of the first filter and the second filter to be transmitted and reflected to cover the wavelength range of the light source generated by the light source gain device. transmission and reflection;
5、本发明通过对所述第一光纤的材料和长度，以及所述第一滤波器、所述第二滤波器的透射率和反射率进行设计，可以获得最优窄线宽光源；5. The present invention can obtain an optimal narrow-linewidth light source by designing the material and length of the first optical fiber, as well as the transmittance and reflectance of the first filter and the second filter;
6、本发明依次通过第一环形器、偏振控制器和第二环形器将第二光纤基于窄线宽光源产生的布里渊散射光传输给第三光纤，可以使第三光纤基于瑞利散射效应对布里渊散射光的线宽进行压缩；针对第三光纤基于瑞利散射效应产生的入射正方向上的瑞利散射光，将其传输给第三滤波器，本发明通过使第三滤波器具有透射和发射的特性，一方面可以保证光源被传输出去，另一方面可以保证入射正方向上的瑞利散射光沿着第三光纤被传输至第二环形器，再由第二环形器将入射反方向和入射正方向上的瑞利散射光传输给第二光纤，由此第二光纤上输出光源的光通量增大，且受激布里渊散射效应增强，从而使输出光源的线宽压缩效率提高；另外，本发明通过在将第二光纤上的布里渊散射光传输给第二环形器之前，采用偏振控制器对布里渊散射光进行偏振处理，可以进一步提高压缩准确度；6. The present invention transmits the Brillouin scattered light generated by the second optical fiber based on the narrow linewidth light source to the third optical fiber through the first circulator, the polarization controller and the second circulator in sequence, so that the third optical fiber can be based on Rayleigh scattering The effect compresses the linewidth of the Brillouin scattered light; for the Rayleigh scattered light on the incident positive direction generated by the third optical fiber based on the Rayleigh scattering effect, it is transmitted to the third filter, and the present invention makes the third filter It has the characteristics of transmission and emission. On the one hand, it can ensure that the light source is transmitted, and on the other hand, it can ensure that the Rayleigh scattered light in the positive direction of the incident is transmitted to the second circulator along the third optical fiber, and then the incident circulator will be transmitted to the second circulator. The Rayleigh scattered light in the reverse direction and incident positive direction is transmitted to the second optical fiber, thereby increasing the luminous flux of the output light source on the second optical fiber, and the stimulated Brillouin scattering effect is enhanced, thereby improving the linewidth compression efficiency of the output light source ; In addition, before the Brillouin scattered light on the second optical fiber is transmitted to the second circulator, the present invention uses a polarization controller to carry out polarization processing on the Brillouin scattered light, which can further improve the compression accuracy;
7、本发明中将窄线宽光源发生装置输出的光源提供给线宽压缩装置，这样即便增大第二光纤的长度，也可以保证线宽压缩装置输出单纵模激光，且可以保证线宽压缩装置的输出功率稳定，最终输出线宽为Hz量级的光源；7. In the present invention, the light source output by the narrow linewidth light source generating device is provided to the linewidth compression device, so that even if the length of the second optical fiber is increased, the linewidth compression device can be guaranteed to output single longitudinal mode laser, and the linewidth can be guaranteed The output power of the compression device is stable, and the final output linewidth is a light source in the order of Hz;
8、本发明通过在第一滤波器与线宽压缩装置之间设置有光功率放大器，可以对第一滤波器输出的窄线宽光源进行功率放大，从而可以进一步保证线宽压缩装置输出单纵模激光，且可以保证线宽压缩装置的输出功率稳定，最终输出线宽为Hz量级的光源。8. In the present invention, by providing an optical power amplifier between the first filter and the line width compression device, the power of the narrow line width light source output by the first filter can be amplified, thereby further ensuring that the line width compression device outputs a single longitudinal mode laser, and can ensure the stability of the output power of the linewidth compression device, and finally output a light source with a linewidth of Hz order.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明光源线宽逐级压缩系统的一个实施例结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the line width compression system of the light source of the present invention;
图2是本发明光源线宽逐级压缩系统的另一个实施例结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the light source line width step-by-step compression system of the present invention;
图3是本发明光源线宽逐级压缩系统的另一个实施例结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the system for progressively compressing the line width of a light source according to the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明实施例中的技术方案，并使本发明实施例的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图对本发明实施例中技术方案作进一步详细的说明。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, and to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings For further detailed explanation.
在本发明的描述中，除非另有规定和限定，需要说明的是，术语“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是机械连接或电连接，也可以是两个元件内部的连通，可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal communication of two elements, it can be Directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms according to specific situations.
经申请人研究发现，光纤在发生瑞利散射效应时，不仅可以在各个方向上产生瑞利散射信号，而且还可以对入射至光纤的入射光的线宽进行压缩。也就是说，当光纤发生瑞利散射效应时，在接收到入射光后，基于瑞利散射效应所产生的各个方向上的瑞利散射信号的线宽都将小于入射光的线宽。基于此，本发明实施例中提出了基于瑞利散射效应进行线宽压缩的一种光源发生装置，其可以实现窄线宽光源输出。另外，本发明在获得窄线宽光源后，可以基于光纤的布里渊散射效应和瑞利散射效应对该窄线宽光源的线宽做进一步压缩，从而实现光源线宽的逐级压缩。The applicant has found that when the Rayleigh scattering effect occurs in the optical fiber, it can not only generate Rayleigh scattering signals in various directions, but also compress the linewidth of the incident light entering the optical fiber. That is to say, when the Rayleigh scattering effect occurs in the optical fiber, after receiving the incident light, the linewidth of the Rayleigh scattering signal in all directions generated based on the Rayleigh scattering effect will be smaller than the linewidth of the incident light. Based on this, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a light source generator for line width compression based on the Rayleigh scattering effect, which can realize a narrow line width light source output. In addition, after the narrow-linewidth light source is obtained, the present invention can further compress the linewidth of the narrow-linewidth light source based on the Brillouin scattering effect and Rayleigh scattering effect of the optical fiber, thereby realizing stepwise compression of the linewidth of the light source.
参见图1，为本发明光源线宽逐级压缩系统的一个实施例结构示意图。该光源线宽逐级压缩系统可以包括窄线宽光源发生装置100和线宽压缩装置200，其中窄线宽光源发生装置100可以包括光源发生增益装置110、第一光纤120和第一滤波器130，光源发生增益装置110通过第一光纤120与第一滤波器130连接，且第一滤波器130与线宽压缩装置200连接。Referring to FIG. 1 , it is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a system for gradually compressing the line width of a light source according to the present invention. The light source linewidth stepwise compression system may include a narrow linewidth light source generating device 100 and a linewidth compressing device 200, wherein the narrow linewidth light source generating device 100 may include a light source generating gain device 110, a first optical fiber 120 and a first filter 130 , the light source generating gain device 110 is connected to the first filter 130 through the first optical fiber 120 , and the first filter 130 is connected to the line width compression device 200 .
本实施例中，以光源发生增益装置110在极短的单位时间(诸如10秒内)内产生的光源量为例，光源发生增益装置110可以将该光通量大小的光源作为入射光传输给第一光纤120，第一光纤120在接收到入射光后，发生瑞利散射效应，并基于瑞利散射效应对入射光的线宽进行压缩，从而使瑞利散射效应所产生的各个方向上的瑞利散射信号的线宽都窄于入射光的线宽。其中，针对线宽压缩后的入射正方向上的瑞利散射信号，其可以沿着第一光纤120被传输至第一滤波器130。第一滤波器130具有透射和反射的特性，因此入射正方向上的一部分瑞利散射信号被第一滤波器130传输出去，另一部分瑞利散射信号被第一滤波器130反射回第一光纤120。此后，第一光纤120将被反射回来的瑞利散射信号，连同入射反方向上的瑞利散射信号传输给光源发生增益装置110进行增益放大(诸如光强放大)。增益放大后的瑞利散射信号可以再次作为入射光传输给第一光纤。In this embodiment, taking the light source amount generated by the light source generating gain device 110 in a very short unit time (such as within 10 seconds) as an example, the light source generating gain device 110 can transmit the light source with the magnitude of the luminous flux as incident light to the first The optical fiber 120, after receiving the incident light, the first optical fiber 120 undergoes Rayleigh scattering effect, and compresses the line width of the incident light based on the Rayleigh scattering effect, so that the Rayleigh scattering effect in each direction generated by the Rayleigh scattering effect The linewidth of the scattered signal is narrower than that of the incident light. Wherein, for the Rayleigh scattering signal in the incident positive direction after the linewidth compression, it can be transmitted to the first filter 130 along the first optical fiber 120 . The first filter 130 has the characteristics of transmission and reflection, so a part of the Rayleigh scattering signal in the normal incident direction is transmitted by the first filter 130 , and another part of the Rayleigh scattering signal is reflected back to the first optical fiber 120 by the first filter 130 . Thereafter, the first optical fiber 120 transmits the reflected Rayleigh scattering signal, together with the Rayleigh scattering signal in the reverse direction of the incident, to the light source generating gain device 110 for gain amplification (such as light intensity amplification). The gain-amplified Rayleigh scattering signal can be transmitted to the first optical fiber again as incident light.
第一光纤120在接收到入射光后，可以按照上述相同的方式对入射光进行处理，从而对光源发生增益装置110产生的光源的线宽进行循环压缩，直至光源发生增益装置110在单位时间内产生的光源被第一滤波器130全部传输出去。由于每次线宽压缩过程，都会有部分光源被第一滤波器130传输出去，因此当光源被第一滤波器130全部传输出去时，表示整个线宽循环压缩过程结束。由于从光源被传输至第一光纤到光源被全部传输出去的时间非常短(即单位时间极短)，且在整个线宽循环压缩过程中最后输出的该部分光源的强度远远大于之前输出的光源的强度，因此最后输出的该部分光源可以视为整个线宽循环压缩过程中输出的光源，即该光源发生装置输出的光源。由于整个线宽循环压缩过程中的每次线宽压缩过程，最后输出的该部分光源的线宽都经历了，因此最后输出的该部分光源的线宽得到了极大地压缩，即该光源发生装置输出的光源的线宽得到了极大地压缩，从而使该光源发生装置100输出窄线宽光源。由于单位时间极短，因此可以视为窄线宽光源发生装置可以稳定输出窄线宽光源。在输出窄线宽光源后，其可以被输出给线宽压缩装置200，再由线宽压缩装置200基于布里渊散射效应和瑞利散射效应，对其接收到的光源的线宽做进一步压缩，从而获得超窄线宽光源。After the first optical fiber 120 receives the incident light, it can process the incident light in the same way as above, so as to cyclically compress the line width of the light source generated by the light source generating gain device 110 until the light source generating gain device 110 is within a unit time The generated light source is completely transmitted by the first filter 130 . Since some light sources are transmitted by the first filter 130 during each line width compression process, when all light sources are transmitted by the first filter 130, it means that the entire line width cyclic compression process ends. Since the time from when the light source is transmitted to the first optical fiber to when the light source is completely transmitted is very short (that is, the unit time is extremely short), and the intensity of the part of the light source that is finally output during the entire line width cycle compression process is much greater than the previous output The intensity of the light source, so the part of the light source that is finally output can be regarded as the light source output during the entire line width cycle compression process, that is, the light source output by the light source generating device. Due to each line width compression process in the entire line width cyclic compression process, the line width of the part of the light source that is finally output has experienced a large compression, so the line width of the part of the light source that is finally output is greatly compressed, that is, the light source generator The line width of the output light source is greatly compressed, so that the light source generating device 100 outputs a narrow line width light source. Since the unit time is extremely short, it can be considered that the narrow linewidth light source generating device can stably output the narrow linewidth light source. After the narrow linewidth light source is output, it can be output to the linewidth compression device 200, and then the linewidth compression device 200 further compresses the linewidth of the light source it receives based on the Brillouin scattering effect and the Rayleigh scattering effect , so as to obtain an ultra-narrow linewidth light source.
由上述实施例可见，本发明采用第一光纤基于瑞利散射效应对光源发生增益装置产生的预设量光源的线宽进行压缩，并使第一滤波器具有透射和发射的特性，一方面可以保证光源被传输出去，另一方面可以保证第一光纤基于瑞利散射效应产生的入射正方向上的部分瑞利散射信号被反射回第一光纤，以使沿着第一光纤传输给光源发生增益装置进行增益放大的瑞利散射信号增多，从而可以保证更多的光源被增益放大后再进行线宽循环压缩，实现窄线宽光源输出，由于本发明所涉及的器件较少，因此相比于目前光源线宽逐级压缩系统结构简单、体积较小、成本较低，且线宽压缩理想。另外，本发明通过采用线宽压缩装置，基于布里渊散射效应和瑞利散射效应对窄线宽光源做进一步压缩，可以进一步减小输出光源的线宽。It can be seen from the above embodiments that the present invention uses the first optical fiber to compress the linewidth of the preset light source generated by the light source gain device based on the Rayleigh scattering effect, and makes the first filter have the characteristics of transmission and emission. On the one hand, it can Ensure that the light source is transmitted, on the other hand, it can ensure that the part of the Rayleigh scattering signal in the positive direction of the incident generated by the first optical fiber based on the Rayleigh scattering effect is reflected back to the first optical fiber, so that the gain device is transmitted to the light source along the first optical fiber The Rayleigh scattering signal for gain amplification increases, thereby ensuring that more light sources are amplified by gain and then compressed in a line width cycle to achieve narrow line width light source output. Since the present invention involves fewer devices, compared with the current The step-by-step linewidth compression system of the light source is simple in structure, small in size, low in cost, and ideal in linewidth compression. In addition, the present invention uses a line width compression device to further compress the narrow line width light source based on the Brillouin scattering effect and the Rayleigh scattering effect, thereby further reducing the line width of the output light source.
参见图2，为本发明光源线宽逐级压缩系统的另一个实施例结构示意图。图2与图1所示光源线宽逐级压缩系统的区别在于，该窄线宽光源发生装置100还可以包括第二滤波器140，其中该光源发生增益装置110可以依次通过第二滤波器140、第一光纤120连接第一滤波器130。Referring to FIG. 2 , it is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the linewidth compression system of the light source according to the present invention. The difference between FIG. 2 and the stepwise compression system of light source linewidth shown in FIG. 1 is that the narrow linewidth light source generating device 100 may further include a second filter 140, wherein the light source generating gain device 110 may sequentially pass through the second filter 140 , the first optical fiber 120 is connected to the first filter 130 .
本实施例中，同样地，以光源发生增益装置110在极短的单位时间(诸如10秒内)内产生的光源量为例，光源发生增益装置110可以将该光通量大小的光源作为输入光源传输给第二滤波器140。第二滤波器140具有透射和反射的特性，因此传输给第二滤波器140的输入光源，一部分作为入射光被第二滤波器140传输至第一光纤120，另一部分被反射回光源发生增益装置110进行增益放大，增益放大后的该部分光源可以作为输入光源再次传输至第二滤波器140。In this embodiment, similarly, taking the amount of light source generated by the light source generating gain device 110 in a very short unit time (such as within 10 seconds) as an example, the light source generating gain device 110 can transmit a light source with the magnitude of the luminous flux as an input light source to the second filter 140. The second filter 140 has the characteristics of transmission and reflection, so the input light source transmitted to the second filter 140, a part is transmitted to the first optical fiber 120 by the second filter 140 as incident light, and the other part is reflected back to the light source to generate a gain device Step 110 performs gain amplification, and the part of light sources after gain amplification can be used as input light sources and transmitted to the second filter 140 again.
第一光纤120在接收到入射光后，可以发生瑞利散射效应，并可以基于瑞利散射效应对入射光的线宽进行压缩，从而使瑞利散射效应所产生的各个方向上的瑞利散射信号的线宽都窄于入射光的线宽。针对线宽压缩后的入射正方向上的瑞利散射信号，其可以沿着第一光纤120被传输至第一滤波器130。由于第一滤波器130具有透射和反射的功能，因此入射正方向上的瑞利散射信号的一部分可以被第一滤波器130传输出去，另一部分可以被第一滤波器130反射回第一光纤120。此后，第一光纤120将被第一滤波器130反射回来的瑞利散射信号，连同其基于瑞利散射效应产生的入射反方向上的瑞利散射信号，传输给第二滤波器140。此后，第二滤波器140可以将其接收到的瑞利散射信号的一部分作为入射光反射回第一光纤120，另一部传输至光源发生增益装置110进行增益放大，增益放大的该部分瑞利散射信号可以作为输入光源再次传输至第二滤波器140。After the first optical fiber 120 receives the incident light, the Rayleigh scattering effect can occur, and the line width of the incident light can be compressed based on the Rayleigh scattering effect, so that the Rayleigh scattering effect in each direction generated by the Rayleigh scattering effect The linewidth of the signal is narrower than that of the incident light. For the Rayleigh scattering signal in the forward incident direction after the linewidth compression, it can be transmitted to the first filter 130 along the first optical fiber 120 . Since the first filter 130 has the function of transmission and reflection, part of the Rayleigh scattering signal in the incident forward direction can be transmitted by the first filter 130 , and the other part can be reflected back to the first optical fiber 120 by the first filter 130 . Thereafter, the first optical fiber 120 transmits the Rayleigh scattering signal reflected back by the first filter 130 to the second filter 140 together with the Rayleigh scattering signal in the reverse direction of incidence generated based on the Rayleigh scattering effect. Thereafter, the second filter 140 can reflect a part of the received Rayleigh scattering signal back to the first optical fiber 120 as incident light, and transmit the other part to the light source generating gain device 110 for gain amplification, and the part of the Rayleigh scattering signal of the gain amplification is The scattered signal can be transmitted again to the second filter 140 as an input light source.
第二滤波器140在接收到输入光源后，可以按照上述相同的方式对输入光源进行处理，且第一光纤120在接收到入射光后，也可以按照上述相同的方式对入射光进行处理，从而可以对光源发生增益装置110产生的光源的线宽进行循环压缩，直至该光通量大小的光源被第一滤波器130全部传输出去。After the second filter 140 receives the input light source, it can process the input light source in the same way as above, and after the first optical fiber 120 receives the incident light, it can also process the incident light in the same way as above, so that The line width of the light source generated by the light source generating gain device 110 may be cyclically compressed until the light source with the luminous flux is completely transmitted by the first filter 130 .
本发明通过在光源发生增益装置与第一光纤之间增加第二滤波器，并使第二滤波器具有透射和反射特性，一方面可以使第二滤波器在接收到输入光源时，将一部分输入光源传输给第一光纤进行正常线宽压缩，并将另一部分输入光源反射回光源发生增益装置进行增益放大，由此可以提高增益放大的效率；另一方面可以使第二滤波器在接收到第一光纤传输过来的瑞利散射信号时，将一部分瑞利散射信号作为入射光反射回第一光纤，由此可以提高线宽压缩的效率，并将另一部分瑞利散射信号传输给光源发生增益装置可以进行正常增益放大。由此可见，本发明通过在光源发生增益装置与第一光纤之间增加第二滤波器，并使第二滤波器具有透射和反射的特性，可以在保证正常线宽压缩和增益放大的同时，提高线宽压缩和增益放大的效率。In the present invention, by adding a second filter between the light source generating gain device and the first optical fiber, and making the second filter have transmission and reflection characteristics, on the one hand, when the second filter receives the input light source, a part of the input The light source is transmitted to the first optical fiber for normal line width compression, and another part of the input light source is reflected back to the light source to generate a gain device for gain amplification, thereby improving the efficiency of gain amplification; on the other hand, the second filter can be used to receive the first When the Rayleigh scattering signal is transmitted from an optical fiber, a part of the Rayleigh scattering signal is reflected back to the first optical fiber as incident light, thereby improving the efficiency of line width compression, and transmitting the other part of the Rayleigh scattering signal to the light source generating gain device Normal gain amplification is possible. It can be seen that, by adding a second filter between the light source generating gain device and the first optical fiber, and making the second filter have transmission and reflection characteristics, the present invention can ensure normal line width compression and gain amplification, Improves the efficiency of linewidth compression and gain amplification.
另外，图2与图1所示光源线宽逐级压缩系统的区别还在于，线宽压缩装置200可以包括第一环形器210、第二环形器220、偏振控制器230、第二光纤240、第三光纤250和第三滤波器260，其中窄线宽光源发生装置100中第一滤波器130的输出端连接第一环形器210的第一端口1，第一环形器210的第二端口2通过第二光纤240连接第二环形器220的第三端口3，第一环形器210的第三端口3通过偏振控制器230连接第二环形器220的第一端口1，第二环形器220的第二端口2通过第三光纤250连接第三滤波器260的输入端，第三滤波器260的输出端输出线宽被逐级压缩后的光源。In addition, the difference between FIG. 2 and the step-by-step linewidth compression system of the light source shown in FIG. 1 is that the linewidth compression device 200 may include a first circulator 210, a second circulator 220, a polarization controller 230, a second optical fiber 240, The third optical fiber 250 and the third filter 260, wherein the output end of the first filter 130 in the narrow linewidth light source generating device 100 is connected to the first port 1 of the first circulator 210, and the second port 2 of the first circulator 210 The third port 3 of the second circulator 220 is connected through the second optical fiber 240, the third port 3 of the first circulator 210 is connected to the first port 1 of the second circulator 220 through the polarization controller 230, the second circulator 220 The second port 2 is connected to the input end of the third filter 260 through the third optical fiber 250 , and the output end of the third filter 260 outputs the light source whose line width is gradually compressed.
本实施例中，以窄线宽光源发生装置100在极短的单位时间(诸如10秒内)内产生的窄线宽光源量为例，该窄线宽光源在被传输至第一环形器210的第一端口1后，第一环形器210可以将该窄线宽光源从其第二端口2输出，并传输给第二光纤240。第二光纤240基于布里渊散射效应产生布里渊散射光并将布里渊散射光作为输出光源传输回第一环形器210的第二端口2。此后，第一环形器210从其第三端口3将该布里渊散射光输出，并传输给偏振控制器230，由偏振控制器230对该布里渊散射光进行偏振处理，并将偏振处理后的布里渊散射光传输给第二环形器220的第一端口1。第二环形器220在接收到布里渊散射光后，将该布里渊散射光从其第二端口2输出，并传输给第三光纤250。第三光纤250在接收到布里渊散射光后，基于瑞利散射效应对布里渊散射光的线宽进行压缩，从而获得入射正方向和入射反方向上的瑞利散射光，其中入射正方向上的瑞利散射光被传输至第三滤波器260。第三滤波器260具有透射和反射的特性，因此入射正方向上的瑞利散射光一部分被第三滤波器260传输出去，另一部分瑞利散射光被第三滤波器260反射回第三光纤250。此后，第三光纤250可以将反射回来的瑞利散射光，连同入射反方向上的瑞利散射光传输至第二环形器250的第二端口2。In this embodiment, taking the amount of narrow-linewidth light source generated by the narrow-linewidth light source generating device 100 within a very short unit time (such as within 10 seconds) as an example, the narrow-linewidth light source is transmitted to the first circulator 210 After the first port 1 of the first circulator 210 can output the narrow linewidth light source from the second port 2 and transmit it to the second optical fiber 240 . The second optical fiber 240 generates Brillouin scattered light based on the Brillouin scattering effect and transmits the Brillouin scattered light back to the second port 2 of the first circulator 210 as an output light source. Thereafter, the first circulator 210 outputs the Brillouin scattered light from its third port 3, and transmits it to the polarization controller 230, and the polarization controller 230 performs polarization processing on the Brillouin scattered light, and the polarization processing The final Brillouin scattered light is transmitted to the first port 1 of the second circulator 220 . After receiving the Brillouin scattered light, the second circulator 220 outputs the Brillouin scattered light from its second port 2 and transmits it to the third optical fiber 250 . After the third optical fiber 250 receives the Brillouin scattered light, it compresses the linewidth of the Brillouin scattered light based on the Rayleigh scattering effect, so as to obtain the Rayleigh scattered light in the incident forward direction and the incident reverse direction, wherein the incident positive direction The Rayleigh scattered light is transmitted to the third filter 260 . The third filter 260 has the characteristics of transmission and reflection, so part of the Rayleigh scattered light in the incident positive direction is transmitted by the third filter 260 , and the other part of the Rayleigh scattered light is reflected back to the third optical fiber 250 by the third filter 260 . Thereafter, the third optical fiber 250 can transmit the reflected Rayleigh scattered light, together with the Rayleigh scattered light in the reverse direction of the incident, to the second port 2 of the second circulator 250 .
第二环形器250在接收到瑞利散射光后，可以将该瑞利散射光从其第三端口3输出，并传输给第二光纤240，此时第二光纤240上的布里渊散射光与瑞利散射光共同构成输出光源。由于第二光纤240接收到窄线宽光源后产生布里渊散射光到第二光纤240接收到从第二环形器220传输回的瑞利散射光的间隔时间很短(该间隔时间远远小于上述单位时间)，因此当第二光纤240接收到从第二环形器220传输回的瑞利散射光时，第二光纤240还输入有窄线宽光源。此时，第二光纤240上的输出光源与窄线宽光源相互作用，发生受激布里渊散射效应，在受激布里渊散射效应过程中输出光源的线宽会得到压缩，并且由于每次线宽压缩过程中，第二环形器220都会向第二光纤240传输回部分瑞利散射光，因此在每次线宽压缩过程中输出光源的光通量也会增大。After the second circulator 250 receives the Rayleigh scattered light, it can output the Rayleigh scattered light from its third port 3 and transmit it to the second optical fiber 240. At this time, the Brillouin scattered light on the second optical fiber 240 Together with the Rayleigh scattered light, it constitutes the output light source. Since the second optical fiber 240 receives the narrow linewidth light source and generates Brillouin scattered light to the second optical fiber 240 receiving the Rayleigh scattered light transmitted back from the second circulator 220, the interval time is very short (the interval time is much shorter than The above unit time), therefore, when the second optical fiber 240 receives the Rayleigh scattered light transmitted back from the second circulator 220, the second optical fiber 240 is also input with a narrow linewidth light source. At this time, the output light source on the second optical fiber 240 interacts with the narrow linewidth light source, and the stimulated Brillouin scattering effect occurs, and the linewidth of the output light source will be compressed during the stimulated Brillouin scattering effect, and because each During the sub-linewidth compression process, the second circulator 220 will transmit part of the Rayleigh scattered light back to the second optical fiber 240, so the luminous flux of the output light source will also increase during each linewidth compression process.
输出光源的线宽被压缩且光通量增大后，可以被再次传输给第一环形器210的第二端口2，此后可以按照上述相同的方式对输出光源的线宽进行循环压缩，与此同时布里渊散射光的光通量也会进一步增大。在该单位时间内产生的窄线宽光源被全部传输给第二光纤240后，第二光纤240上不再发生受激布里渊散射效应，整个循环压缩过程达到平衡。由于整个循环压缩过程达到平衡后，第三滤波器260可输出的光源的光通量远远大于之前输出的光源的光通量，因此可以将整个循环压缩过程达到平衡后，第三滤波器260输出的光源作为线宽压缩装置的输出光源。此外，由于单位时间极短，因此可以视为线宽压缩装置可以稳定输出线宽逐级压缩后的光源。After the line width of the output light source is compressed and the luminous flux is increased, it can be transmitted to the second port 2 of the first circulator 210 again, and then the line width of the output light source can be cyclically compressed in the same manner as above, and at the same time the layout The luminous flux of Liouin scattered light will be further increased. After the narrow-linewidth light source generated in the unit time is completely transmitted to the second optical fiber 240, the stimulated Brillouin scattering effect does not occur on the second optical fiber 240, and the entire cyclic compression process reaches a balance. Since the luminous flux of the light source that can be output by the third filter 260 is far greater than the luminous flux of the previously output light source after the entire loop compression process is balanced, the light source output by the third filter 260 can be used as The output light source of the line width compression device. In addition, since the unit time is extremely short, it can be regarded that the line width compression device can stably output the light source with the line width compressed step by step.
本发明依次通过第一环形器、偏振控制器和第二环形器将第二光纤基于窄线宽光源产生的布里渊散射光传输给第三光纤，可以使第三光纤基于瑞利散射效应对布里渊散射光的线宽进行压缩。针对第三光纤基于瑞利散射效应产生的入射正方向上的瑞利散射光，将其传输给第三滤波器，本发明通过使第三滤波器具有透射和发射的特性，一方面可以保证光源被传输出去，另一方面可以保证入射正方向上的瑞利散射光沿着第三光纤被传输至第二环形器，再由第二环形器将入射反方向和入射正方向上的瑞利散射光传输给第二光纤，由此第二光纤上输出光源的光通量增大，且受激布里渊散射效应增强，从而使输出光源的线宽压缩效率提高。另外，本发明通过在将第二光纤上的布里渊散射光传输给第二环形器之前，采用偏振控制器对布里渊散射光进行偏振处理，可以进一步提高压缩准确度。第一滤波器130与线宽压缩装置200之间可以设置有光功率放大器300，以对第一滤波器130输出的窄线宽光源进行功率放大。The present invention sequentially transmits the Brillouin scattered light generated by the second optical fiber based on the narrow linewidth light source to the third optical fiber through the first circulator, the polarization controller and the second circulator, so that the third optical fiber can respond to The linewidth of Brillouin scattered light is compressed. The Rayleigh scattered light in the positive incident direction generated by the third optical fiber based on the Rayleigh scattering effect is transmitted to the third filter. By making the third filter have the characteristics of transmission and emission, the present invention can ensure that the light source is On the other hand, it can ensure that the Rayleigh scattered light in the incident positive direction is transmitted to the second circulator along the third optical fiber, and then the second circulator transmits the Rayleigh scattered light in the incident reverse direction and the incident positive direction to the The second optical fiber, whereby the luminous flux of the output light source on the second optical fiber is increased, and the stimulated Brillouin scattering effect is enhanced, so that the line width compression efficiency of the output light source is improved. In addition, the present invention can further improve the compression accuracy by using a polarization controller to perform polarization processing on the Brillouin scattered light before transmitting the Brillouin scattered light on the second optical fiber to the second circulator. An optical power amplifier 300 may be disposed between the first filter 130 and the linewidth compression device 200 to amplify the power of the narrow linewidth light source output by the first filter 130 .
由上述实施例可见，本发明采用第一光纤基于瑞利散射效应对光源发生增益装置产生的预设量光源的线宽进行压缩，并使第一滤波器具有透射和发射的特性，一方面可以保证光源被传输出去，另一方面可以保证第一光纤基于瑞利散射效应产生的入射正方向上的部分瑞利散射信号被反射回第一光纤，以使沿着第一光纤传输给光源发生增益装置进行增益放大的瑞利散射信号增多，从而可以保证更多的光源被增益放大后再进行线宽循环压缩，实现窄线宽光源输出，由于本发明所涉及的器件较少，因此相比于目前光源线宽逐级压缩系统结构简单、体积较小、成本较低，且线宽压缩理想。另外，本发明通过采用线宽压缩装置，基于布里渊散射效应和瑞利散射效应对窄线宽光源做进一步压缩，可以进一步减小输出光源的线宽。It can be seen from the above embodiments that the present invention uses the first optical fiber to compress the linewidth of the preset light source generated by the light source gain device based on the Rayleigh scattering effect, and makes the first filter have the characteristics of transmission and emission. On the one hand, it can Ensure that the light source is transmitted, on the other hand, it can ensure that the part of the Rayleigh scattering signal in the positive direction of the incident generated by the first optical fiber based on the Rayleigh scattering effect is reflected back to the first optical fiber, so that the gain device is transmitted to the light source along the first optical fiber The Rayleigh scattering signal for gain amplification increases, thereby ensuring that more light sources are amplified by gain and then compressed in a line width cycle to achieve narrow line width light source output. Since the present invention involves fewer devices, compared with the current The step-by-step linewidth compression system of the light source is simple in structure, small in size, low in cost, and ideal in linewidth compression. In addition, the present invention uses a line width compression device to further compress the narrow line width light source based on the Brillouin scattering effect and the Rayleigh scattering effect, thereby further reducing the line width of the output light source.
参见图3，为本发明光源线宽逐级压缩系统的另一个实施例结构示意图。本实施例中，以光源线宽逐级压缩系统产生单纵模激光束为例，图2中光源发生增益装置110可以为激光器DFB(Distributed Feedback Laser，分布式反馈激光器)内的增益介质，第二滤波器140可以为激光器DFB内的光栅，第一光纤120可以为散射光纤。由于激光器中增益介质不仅可以产生激光源，还可以实现增益放大，因此本发明选用激光器中增益介质作为光源发生增益装置，可以简化结构、减小体积和降低成本。另外，本发明选用激光器中光栅作为第二滤波器，可以进一步简化结构、减小体积和降低成本。Referring to FIG. 3 , it is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the system for progressively compressing the line width of a light source according to the present invention. In this embodiment, a single longitudinal mode laser beam generated by a linewidth compression system of a light source is taken as an example. The gain device 110 for generating a light source in FIG. The second filter 140 can be a grating in the laser DFB, and the first optical fiber 120 can be a scattering optical fiber. Since the gain medium in the laser can not only generate the laser source, but also realize gain amplification, the present invention uses the gain medium in the laser as the light source generating gain device, which can simplify the structure, reduce the volume and reduce the cost. In addition, the present invention selects the grating in the laser as the second filter, which can further simplify the structure, reduce the volume and reduce the cost.
本实施例中，增益介质110在接收到电信号后，激光器DFB开始起振，从而可以产生包括多个纵模激光束的激光源，其中每个纵模的频率范围相等且各个纵模的频率范围可以构成激光源的线宽。以极短的单位时间内产生的激光源为例，增益介质110可以将该光通量大小的激光源作为输入光源传输给光栅140，由于光栅140具有透射和反射的特性，因此传输给光栅140的激光源，一部分作为入射光被光栅140传输给散射光纤120，另一部分被反射回增益介质110进行增益放大，增益放大后的该部分激光源可以作为输入光源再次被传输给光栅140。In this embodiment, after the gain medium 110 receives the electrical signal, the laser DFB starts to oscillate, so that a laser source including multiple longitudinal mode laser beams can be generated, wherein the frequency range of each longitudinal mode is equal and the frequency of each longitudinal mode The range may constitute the linewidth of the laser source. Taking the laser source generated in a very short unit time as an example, the gain medium 110 can transmit the laser source with the luminous flux as an input light source to the grating 140. Since the grating 140 has the characteristics of transmission and reflection, the laser light transmitted to the grating 140 A part of the laser source is transmitted to the scattering fiber 120 by the grating 140 as incident light, and the other part is reflected back to the gain medium 110 for gain amplification. The part of the laser source after gain amplification can be transmitted to the grating 140 again as an input light source.
由于当第一光纤的粒子尺度远小于入射光源波长(通常小于入射光源波长十分之一)时，第一光纤才会发生瑞利散射，因此可以根据入射光源波长的特性，对第一光纤的材料进行选择，从而确定对应的散射光纤。散射光纤120在接收到入射光后，发生瑞利散射效应，并基于瑞利散射效应对入射光的线宽进行压缩，从而使瑞利散射效应所产生的各个方向上的瑞利散射信号的线宽都窄于入射光的线宽。针对线宽压缩后的入射正方向上的瑞利散射信号，其可以沿着散射光纤120被传输至第一滤波器130。由于第一滤波器130具有透射和反射的功能，因此入射正方向上的瑞利散射信号的一部分可以被第一滤波器130传输出去，另一部分可以被第一滤波器130反射回散射光纤120，由散射光纤120将被第一滤波器130反射回来的瑞利散射信号，连同其基于瑞利散射效应产生的入射反方向上的瑞利散射信号，传输给光栅140。此后，光栅140可以将其接收到的瑞利散射信号的一部分作为入射光反射回散射光纤120，另一部传输至增益介质110进行增益放大，增益放大的该部分瑞利散射信号可以作为输入光源再次被传输给光栅140。Since Rayleigh scattering occurs in the first optical fiber only when the particle size of the first optical fiber is much smaller than the wavelength of the incident light source (usually less than one tenth of the wavelength of the incident light source), the first optical fiber can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the wavelength of the incident light source. The material is selected to determine the corresponding scattering fiber. After the scattering fiber 120 receives the incident light, the Rayleigh scattering effect occurs, and the line width of the incident light is compressed based on the Rayleigh scattering effect, so that the lines of the Rayleigh scattering signals in all directions generated by the Rayleigh scattering effect narrower than the linewidth of the incident light. For the Rayleigh scattering signal in the normal incident direction after the linewidth compression, it can be transmitted to the first filter 130 along the scattering fiber 120 . Since the first filter 130 has the functions of transmission and reflection, part of the Rayleigh scattering signal in the incident positive direction can be transmitted by the first filter 130, and the other part can be reflected back to the scattering fiber 120 by the first filter 130, by The scattering fiber 120 transmits the Rayleigh scattering signal reflected by the first filter 130 to the grating 140 together with the Rayleigh scattering signal in the reverse direction of the incident generated based on the Rayleigh scattering effect. Thereafter, the grating 140 can reflect a part of the received Rayleigh scattering signal back to the scattering fiber 120 as incident light, and transmit the other part to the gain medium 110 for gain amplification, and the part of the Rayleigh scattering signal amplified by the gain can be used as an input light source is transmitted to the grating 140 again.
光栅140在接收到输入光源后，可以按照上述相同的方式对输入光源进行处理，且散射光纤120在接收到入射光后，也可以按照上述相同的方式对入射光进行处理，从而可以对增益介质110在单位时间内产生的激光源的线宽进行循环压缩，直至该激光源被第一滤波器130全部传输出去。After the grating 140 receives the input light source, it can process the input light source in the same way as above, and after the scattering fiber 120 receives the incident light, it can also process the incident light in the same way as above, so that the gain medium 110 cyclically compresses the linewidth of the laser source generated per unit time until the laser source is completely transmitted by the first filter 130 .
线宽压缩装置200在接收到上述窄线宽光源发生装置输出的窄线宽光源之后，可以按照图2实施例中所述相同的方式进行线宽压缩，从而可以实现单纵模激光输出。由于现有光源发生装置输出光源的线宽通常为MHz量级，因此如果将现有光源发生装置输出的光源直接提供给图2所示实施例中的线宽压缩装置，并要求线宽压缩装置输出单纵模激光，则第二光纤必须很短(大概为10m以下)，如此短的第二光纤将很难形成布里渊散射效应，从而导致线宽压缩装置输出功率不稳定。由于本发明中窄线宽光源发生装置输出光源的线宽可以达到kHz量级，因此当将本专利中窄线宽光源发生装置输出的光源提供给线宽压缩装置时，即便增大第二光纤的长度，也可以保证线宽压缩装置输出单纵模激光，且可以保证线宽压缩装置的输出功率稳定，最终输出线宽为Hz量级的光源。After the linewidth compression device 200 receives the narrow linewidth light source output by the above-mentioned narrow linewidth light source generator, it can perform linewidth compression in the same manner as described in the embodiment in FIG. 2 , so as to realize single longitudinal mode laser output. Since the linewidth of the output light source of the existing light source generating device is usually on the order of MHz, if the light source output by the existing light source generating device is directly provided to the line width compression device in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, and the line width compression device is required To output single longitudinal mode laser, the second optical fiber must be very short (less than 10m). Such a short second optical fiber will hardly form the Brillouin scattering effect, resulting in unstable output power of the linewidth compression device. Since the linewidth of the output light source of the narrow-linewidth light source generating device in the present invention can reach the order of kHz, when the light source output by the narrow-linewidth light source generating device in this patent is provided to the linewidth compression device, even if the second optical fiber The length can also ensure that the linewidth compression device outputs a single longitudinal mode laser, and can ensure that the output power of the linewidth compression device is stable, and finally output a light source with a linewidth of Hz order.
由上述实施例可见，本发明采用第一光纤基于瑞利散射效应对激光器中增益介质产生的预设量激光源的线宽进行压缩，并使第一滤波器具有透射和发射的特性，一方面可以保证激光源被传输出去，另一方面可以保证第一光纤基于瑞利散射效应产生的入射正方向上的部分瑞利散射信号被反射回第一光纤，以使沿着第一光纤传输给增益介质进行增益放大的瑞利散射信号增多，从而可以保证更多的激光源被增益放大后再进行线宽循环压缩，实现超窄线宽激光源输出，由于本发明所涉及的器件较少，因此相比于目前光源线宽逐级压缩系统结构简单、体积较小、成本较低，且线宽压缩理想。另外，本发明通过采用线宽压缩装置，基于布里渊散射效应和瑞利散射效应对窄线宽光源做进一步压缩，可以进一步减小输出光源的线宽。It can be seen from the above embodiments that the present invention uses the first optical fiber to compress the linewidth of the preset laser source generated by the gain medium in the laser based on the Rayleigh scattering effect, and makes the first filter have transmission and emission characteristics. On the one hand It can ensure that the laser source is transmitted out. On the other hand, it can ensure that the part of the Rayleigh scattering signal in the positive direction of the incident generated by the first optical fiber based on the Rayleigh scattering effect is reflected back to the first optical fiber, so that it can be transmitted to the gain medium along the first optical fiber. The Rayleigh scattering signal for gain amplification increases, thereby ensuring that more laser sources are amplified by gain and then performing line width cycle compression to realize ultra-narrow line width laser source output. Since the present invention involves fewer devices, it is relatively Compared with the current light source line width step-by-step compression system, the structure is simple, the volume is small, the cost is low, and the line width compression is ideal. In addition, the present invention uses a line width compression device to further compress the narrow line width light source based on the Brillouin scattering effect and the Rayleigh scattering effect, thereby further reducing the line width of the output light source.
需要注意的是：为了保证光源可以在第一滤波器和第二滤波器中实现透射和反射，上述第一滤波器和第二滤波器可透射和反射的波长范围应该覆盖光源发生增益装置(即激光器)所产生的光源的波长范围。另外，经研究发现，第一光纤基于入射光产生的瑞利散射信号的强弱由第一光纤材料和第一光纤长度决定，因此为了产生最优的窄线宽光源，需要对第一滤波器和第二滤波器的透射率和反射率，以及第一光纤材料和第一光纤长度进行研究。瑞丽散射光对激光束的压缩作用不仅适用于单纵模激光束，也适用于其他模态的激光束，但由于单纵模激光束具有更广的应用价值，于是优选地，所述激光器采用单纵模激光器。优选地，所述激光器采用单纵模DFB激光器。It should be noted that: in order to ensure that the light source can achieve transmission and reflection in the first filter and the second filter, the wavelength ranges that can be transmitted and reflected by the first filter and the second filter should cover the light source generation gain device (ie The wavelength range of the light source produced by the laser). In addition, it has been found through research that the strength of the Rayleigh scattering signal generated by the first optical fiber based on the incident light is determined by the material of the first optical fiber and the length of the first optical fiber. Therefore, in order to produce an optimal narrow linewidth light source, the first filter and the transmittance and reflectivity of the second filter, as well as the first fiber material and the first fiber length are studied. The compressive effect of Rayleigh scattered light on the laser beam is not only applicable to single longitudinal mode laser beams, but also to other modes of laser beams, but since single longitudinal mode laser beams have wider application value, it is preferred that the laser adopts Single longitudinal mode laser. Preferably, the laser is a single longitudinal mode DFB laser.
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里公开的发明后，将容易想到本发明的其它实施方案。本申请旨在涵盖本发明的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本发明的一般性原理并包括本发明未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的，本发明的真正范围和精神由下面的权利要求指出。Other embodiments of the invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present invention, these modifications, uses or adaptations follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed in the present invention . The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
应当理解的是，本发明并不局限于上面已经描述并在附图中示出的精确结构，并且可以在不脱离其范围进行各种修改和改变。本发明的范围仅由所附的权利要求来限制。It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise constructions which have been described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
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