CN106207258B - A kind of electrolyte of low temperature lithium battery - Google Patents
A kind of electrolyte of low temperature lithium battery Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106207258B CN106207258B CN201610788459.1A CN201610788459A CN106207258B CN 106207258 B CN106207258 B CN 106207258B CN 201610788459 A CN201610788459 A CN 201610788459A CN 106207258 B CN106207258 B CN 106207258B
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- Prior art keywords
- carbonate
- lithium
- electrolyte
- low temperature
- organic solvent
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention belongs to field of lithium, disclose a kind of electrolyte of low temperature lithium battery, including organic solvent, lithium salts and additive, and the mass ratio of the organic solvent, lithium salts and additive is 78-90:11.5-15.5:1.3-3.7.Lithium salts in the electrolyte of original low temperature lithium battery is only lithium hexafluoro phosphate, and the lithium salts of a small amount of LiBF4 is added in the present invention, and the conductive effect of LiBF4 is higher than lithium hexafluoro phosphate, and the ratio being added does not influence the cryogenic property of lithium salts；The present invention has additionally incorporated fluorinated ethylene carbonate, acts synergistically with vinylene carbonate, improves the film-formation result of lithium battery, reduce impedance, improves the conduction of velocity of electronics and ion under low temperature, improves lithium ion battery low-temperature circulating performance；The preferred mass ratio of each ingredient of the present invention, so that the performance of electrolyte is more excellent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of lithium, the electrolyte of specifically a kind of low temperature lithium battery.
Background technique
Lithium battery has the characteristics that nominal voltage is high, specific energy is high, has extended cycle life, memory-less effect, and green ring
It protects, it is pollution-free, it is therefore widely used in the digital products such as mobile phone, laptop and MP3, while in electric car, electricity
The industries such as dynamic bicycle, defence equipment are also used widely.In recent years, lithium battery was more and more wider in the application of every field
General, the environment that battery uses is complicated, also higher to the performance requirement of battery, such as rate battery, is applied on starting device
When, it is desirable that at -40 DEG C of even lower temperature, also quickly equipment can be started.But the cryogenic property of current lithium-ions battery
Relatively poor, the working performance especially in -30 DEG C of low temperature environments below is poor.
Existing lithium battery electrolytes are mainly made of organic solvent and lithium salts, and conductive effect is poor, especially low
Electric conductivity is worse under warm environment, and impedance is larger at low ambient temperatures.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of electrolyte of low temperature lithium battery, improve the film forming of lithium battery
Effect reduces impedance.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of electrolyte of low temperature lithium battery, including organic solvent and lithium salts, further include additive, the organic solvent,
The mass ratio of lithium salts and additive is 78-90:11.5-15.5:1.3-3.7.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the organic solvent, lithium salts and additive is 82-86:12.7-14.3:1.9-3.1.
Preferably, the organic solvent is by ethylene carbonate (EC), methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC), propene carbonate (PC)
It is formed with diethyl carbonate (DEC), wherein the mass ratio of ethylene carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, propene carbonate, diethyl carbonate
For 28-32:38-42:9-11:3-5.
Further, the mass ratio of the ethylene carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, propene carbonate, diethyl carbonate
For 30-31:40-41:9-10:3-4.
Preferably, it is 0.2-1.5:11-14 composition that the lithium salts is LiBF4 and lithium hexafluoro phosphate in mass ratio.
Preferably, the additive is fluorinated ethylene carbonate (FEC) and vinylene carbonate (VC) is in mass ratio
1-3:0.3-0.7 composition.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Lithium salts in the electrolyte of original low temperature lithium battery is only lithium hexafluoro phosphate, and a small amount of tetrafluoro boron is added in the present invention
The lithium salts of sour lithium, conductive effect, the thermal stability of LiBF4 are higher than lithium hexafluoro phosphate, and the ratio being added does not influence lithium salts
Cryogenic property；The present invention has additionally incorporated fluorinated ethylene carbonate, acts synergistically with vinylene carbonate, improves low temperature ring
The film-formation result of lithium battery, reduces impedance under border, improves the conduction of velocity of electronics and ion under low temperature, improves lithium-ion electric
Pond low-temperature circulating performance；The preferred mass ratio of each ingredient of the present invention, so that the performance of electrolyte is more excellent.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
By 1.1g LiBF4,12.1g lithium hexafluoro phosphate, 1.2g fluorinated ethylene carbonate and 0.9g vinylene carbonate
It is dissolved in 84.7g organic solvent (30.9g ethylene carbonate, 40.2g methyl ethyl carbonate, 9.6g propene carbonate, 4g carbonic acid diethyl
Ester) in, electrolyte is made after mixing.
Embodiment 2
By 0.7g LiBF4,12.2g lithium hexafluoro phosphate, 1.4g fluorinated ethylene carbonate and 0.4g vinylene carbonate
It is dissolved in 85.3g organic solvent (30.7g ethylene carbonate, 40.8g methyl ethyl carbonate, 9.9g propene carbonate, 3.9g carbonic acid diethyl
Ester) in, electrolyte is made after mixing.
Embodiment 3
By 0.5g LiBF4,13.6g lithium hexafluoro phosphate, 2.3g fluorinated ethylene carbonate and 0.7g vinylene carbonate
It is dissolved in 83.0g organic solvent (30.1g ethylene carbonate, 40.8g methyl ethyl carbonate, 9.0g propene carbonate, 3.1g carbonic acid diethyl
Ester) in, electrolyte is made after mixing.
Embodiment 4
By 0.2g LiBF4,11.9g lithium hexafluoro phosphate, 1.7g fluorinated ethylene carbonate and 0.2g vinylene carbonate
It is dissolved in 86g organic solvent (31g ethylene carbonate, 41g methyl ethyl carbonate, 10g propene carbonate, 4g diethyl carbonate), mixes
Electrolyte is made after closing uniformly.
Embodiment 5
0.3g LiBF4,14g lithium hexafluoro phosphate, 2.4g fluorinated ethylene carbonate and 0.7g vinylene carbonate is molten
In 82.6g organic solvent (30g ethylene carbonate, 40g methyl ethyl carbonate, 9g propene carbonate, 3.6g diethyl carbonate), mix
Electrolyte is made after closing uniformly.
Embodiment 6
By 1.5g LiBF4,12.8g lithium hexafluoro phosphate, 1.6g fluorinated ethylene carbonate and 0.3g vinylene carbonate
It is dissolved in 83.8g organic solvent (30g ethylene carbonate, 41g methyl ethyl carbonate, 9.0g propene carbonate, 3.8g diethyl carbonate)
In, electrolyte is made after mixing.
Embodiment 7
0.5g LiBF4,11g lithium hexafluoro phosphate, 1.0g fluorinated ethylene carbonate and 0.3g vinylene carbonate is molten
In 78g organic solvent (28g ethylene carbonate, 38g methyl ethyl carbonate, 9g propene carbonate, 3g diethyl carbonate), mixing is equal
Electrolyte is made after even.
Embodiment 8
1.5g LiBF4,14g lithium hexafluoro phosphate, 2.0g fluorinated ethylene carbonate and 0.5g vinylene carbonate is molten
In 86g organic solvent (28g ethylene carbonate, 42g methyl ethyl carbonate, 11g propene carbonate, 5g diethyl carbonate), mixing
Electrolyte is made after uniformly.
Embodiment 9
0.7g LiBF4,12g lithium hexafluoro phosphate, 3g fluorinated ethylene carbonate and 0.7g vinylene carbonate are dissolved in
In 90g organic solvent (32g ethylene carbonate, 42g methyl ethyl carbonate, 11g propene carbonate, 5g diethyl carbonate), mixing is equal
Electrolyte is made after even.
Comparative example 1
By 11.9g lithium hexafluoro phosphate be dissolved in 88.1g organic solvent (19.8g ethylene carbonate, 50.2g methyl ethyl carbonate,
15g propene carbonate, 3.1g diethyl carbonate) in, electrolyte is made after mixing.
Comparative example 2
By 13.0g lithium hexafluoro phosphate be dissolved in 87.0g organic solvent (25.3g ethylene carbonate, 42.3g methyl ethyl carbonate,
13.5g propene carbonate, 5.9g diethyl carbonate) in, electrolyte is made after mixing.
Comparative example 3
3g lithium hexafluoro phosphate and 5g LiBF4 and 1g vinylene carbonate are dissolved in 91g organic solvent (40g carbonic acid second
Enester, 35g methyl ethyl carbonate, 16g propene carbonate) in, electrolyte is made after mixing.
The electrolyte of above-described embodiment 1-9 and comparative example 1-3 preparation is added in plastic housing 200Ah lithium ion battery, so
Measurement capacity conservation rate is distinguished afterwards, illustrates that electrolyte cryogenic property prepared by the present invention significantly improves.
Shown in specific examination criteria and testing result and the following table 1:
It can be seen that from upper table 1, electrolyte prepared by the present invention is added in plastic housing 200Ah lithium ion battery, in -20 DEG C of items
Discharge capacity is 92% or more after storing under part for 24 hours.
In addition, battery capacity is protected after 200Ah lithium ion battery made of electrolyte of the invention recycles 500 times at -20 DEG C
Hold 82% or more；70% or so significantly larger than in comparative example 1,2,3.
Embodiment described above is only that preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described, not to model of the invention
It encloses and is defined, without departing from the spirit of the design of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are to technical side of the invention
The various changes and improvements that case is made, should fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of electrolyte of low temperature lithium battery, including organic solvent and lithium salts, it is characterised in that: it further include additive, it is described
The mass ratio of organic solvent, lithium salts and additive is 78-90:11.5-15.5:1.3-3.7；The organic solvent is by carbonic acid second
Enester, methyl ethyl carbonate, propene carbonate and diethyl carbonate form, wherein ethylene carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, propylene carbonate
Ester, diethyl carbonate mass ratio be 28-32:38-42:9-11:3-5；The lithium salts is LiBF4 and hexafluorophosphoric acid
Lithium is 0.2-1.5:11-14 composition in mass ratio；The additive is that fluorinated ethylene carbonate and vinylene carbonate press matter
Amount is than being that 1-3:0.3-0.7 is formed.
2. a kind of electrolyte of low temperature lithium battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the organic solvent, lithium
The mass ratio of salt and additive is 82-86:12.7-14.3:1.9-3.1.
3. a kind of electrolyte of low temperature lithium battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ethylene carbonate,
Methyl ethyl carbonate, propene carbonate, diethyl carbonate mass ratio be 30-31:40-41:9-10:3-4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610788459.1A CN106207258B (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | A kind of electrolyte of low temperature lithium battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610788459.1A CN106207258B (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | A kind of electrolyte of low temperature lithium battery |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106207258A CN106207258A (en) | 2016-12-07 |
| CN106207258B true CN106207258B (en) | 2019-06-25 |
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| CN201610788459.1A Active CN106207258B (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | A kind of electrolyte of low temperature lithium battery |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110828895A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-02-21 | 湖南艾威尔新能源科技有限公司 | Low-temperature-resistant lithium ion battery electrolyte and lithium ion battery |
| US20220123365A1 (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2022-04-21 | Ningde Amperex Technology Limited | Electrochemical apparatus and electronic apparatus containing same |
| WO2021196019A1 (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-10-07 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | Electrolyte and electrochemical device |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101090166A (en) * | 2007-08-14 | 2007-12-19 | 深圳市海盈科技有限公司 | Composition of electrolyte of low temp lithium ion battery |
| CN101572331A (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2009-11-04 | 东莞市杉杉电池材料有限公司 | Lithium ion battery electrolyte applicable to high-temperature environment and preparation method thereof |
| CN102064343A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-05-18 | 东莞市杉杉电池材料有限公司 | Novel lithium ion battery electrolyte |
| CN105576291A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-05-11 | 苏州华一新能源科技有限公司 | Lithium ion battery and electrolyte for high-voltage lithium ion battery |
-
2016
- 2016-08-30 CN CN201610788459.1A patent/CN106207258B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101090166A (en) * | 2007-08-14 | 2007-12-19 | 深圳市海盈科技有限公司 | Composition of electrolyte of low temp lithium ion battery |
| CN101572331A (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2009-11-04 | 东莞市杉杉电池材料有限公司 | Lithium ion battery electrolyte applicable to high-temperature environment and preparation method thereof |
| CN102064343A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-05-18 | 东莞市杉杉电池材料有限公司 | Novel lithium ion battery electrolyte |
| CN105576291A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-05-11 | 苏州华一新能源科技有限公司 | Lithium ion battery and electrolyte for high-voltage lithium ion battery |
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| CN106207258A (en) | 2016-12-07 |
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