CN106203742B - Power grid equipment energy-saving evaluation and type selection method based on energy-saving return rate - Google Patents
Power grid equipment energy-saving evaluation and type selection method based on energy-saving return rate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a power grid equipment energy-saving evaluation and type selection method based on energy-saving return rate, which is used for determining the boundary of a target power grid where power grid equipment is located; defining an energy-saving evaluation index of the power grid equipment; calculating the energy consumption of the target power grid based on the operation simulation; and determining the energy-saving benefit evaluation and model selection basis of the power grid equipment, and performing energy-saving evaluation and model selection on the power grid equipment. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of low carbon emission reduction, energy conservation and efficiency improvement; energy-saving high power grid equipment is accurately and effectively selected, energy consumption and environmental pollution after the equipment is used for a power grid are reduced, reliable and environment-friendly operation of the power grid is effectively guaranteed, and low-carbon development and construction of the power grid are promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power energy conservation, in particular to a power grid equipment energy conservation evaluation and model selection method based on energy conservation rate of return.
Background
With the increasingly prominent energy problem and climate change problem, the realization of low-carbon development and the reduction of excessive consumption of fossil energy gradually become common targets of human society. The core of low carbon development is the change of technical innovation, system innovation and development, which relates to the readjustment of production mode, life style and value concept and is closely related to the national interests.
The power industry is used as a basic energy department in China and is also the industry with the largest carbon dioxide emission. By 2011, the carbon emission of China in the whole society breaks through 80 hundred million tons, and the carbon emission is CO per capita2Emissions have also exceeded global average levels, while the electric utility carbon emissions have broken through 40 hundred million tons, with a rising proportion of national carbon emissions from 37% to 50% in 2006. The power industry faces huge emission reduction pressure both in the total emission amount and in the emission development trend. Therefore, the realization of low-carbon transformation is an inevitable trend in the development of the power industry.
Under the low-carbon background, the power grid needs to optimize the structure of the power grid from various dimensions and improve the utilization rate of assets and the efficiency of electric energy transmission by taking low carbon emission reduction and energy conservation as targets while ensuring the reliability of electric energy transmission. By enhancing the technical progress and adopting novel energy-saving power transmission equipment and technology, the energy loss in the power transmission process of a power grid can be obviously reduced, and practical economic benefits and energy-saving and emission-reduction benefits are generated.
However, the updating of the power grid equipment requires corresponding manufacturing energy consumption and environmental pollution cost, and the low-carbon development of the power grid can be successful only by effectively selecting the type through the power grid equipment so as to reduce the manufacturing energy consumption and the environmental pollution cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the method for evaluating and selecting the energy conservation of the power grid equipment based on the energy conservation return rate, provided by the invention, has the advantages of low carbon, emission reduction, energy conservation and efficiency improvement; energy-saving high power grid equipment is accurately and effectively selected, energy consumption and environmental pollution after the equipment is used for a power grid are reduced, reliable and environment-friendly operation of the power grid is effectively guaranteed, and low-carbon development and construction of the power grid are promoted.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a power grid equipment energy-saving evaluation and type selection method based on energy-saving return rate is characterized in that the power grid equipment is power transmission and transformation equipment and comprises energy-saving wires, energy-saving transformers, reactive compensation equipment and insulator strings; the method comprises the following steps:
and 4, determining the energy-saving benefit evaluation and model selection basis of the power grid equipment, and performing energy-saving evaluation and model selection on the power grid equipment.
Preferably, the step 1 comprises:
1-1, judging whether the operation project is a power grid energy-saving reconstruction project or not;
if yes, determining the boundary of the target power grid according to a specific power grid energy-saving transformation project;
if not, entering the step 1-2;
1-2, judging whether the power grid equipment is a transformer or not;
if yes, entering the step 1-3;
if not, entering the step 1-4;
1-3, determining the boundary of the target power grid as follows: the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the transformer respectively correspond to two power networks with different voltage grades;
1-4, determining the boundary of the target power grid as follows: and the power network is influenced by newly-built or replaced power grid equipment and is at the same voltage level as the power grid equipment.
Preferably, the step 2 comprises:
2-1, determining an energy-saving return rate of the power grid equipment according to an energy-saving evaluation index of the power grid equipment, and defining the energy-saving return rate of the power grid equipment as follows: the ratio of the reduction of the operation energy consumption of the target power grid in the boundary brought by newly building or replacing the power grid equipment to the construction energy consumption of the power grid equipment, namely the energy-saving return rate EPR of the power grid equipment is as follows:
in the formula (1), the EPB reduces the operation energy consumption of a target power grid caused by newly building or replacing equipment, and the CEC reduces the construction energy consumption required by newly building or replacing the equipment without considering the energy consumption in the operation, maintenance and scrapping processes of the equipment;
2-2, determining the reduction EPB of the operation energy consumption of the target power grid brought by the newly-built or replaced equipment as follows:
EPB＝OEC(0)-OEC(i) (5)
in the formula (2), OEC(0)Annual operating energy consumption value, OEC, of target power grid before new construction or replacement of equipment(i)The annual running energy consumption value of the target power grid after new construction or replacement of equipment is obtained.
Preferably, the step 3 comprises:
3-1, carrying out operation simulation of the power grid, namely carrying out operation simulation of a future power grid in the whole grid range;
and 3-2, after the operation simulation is finished, calculating the operation energy consumption of the target power grid according to the simulation result.
Preferably, the step 3-1 comprises:
the overall framework for determining a power system operation simulation comprises: load prediction, power generation production simulation and alternating current power flow simulation.
Preferably, the load prediction is to simulate the time sequence fluctuation of the load in a future time period, and the load simulation is simulated by adopting a time sequence method or a trend extrapolation method in a medium-and-long-term load prediction technology.
Preferably, the power generation production simulation is based on a time sequence load curve, the lowest operation cost is taken as an optimization target, a unit combination taking day as a unit and an economic dispatching model are introduced, and the optimal unit combination is made for the daily operation simulation according to operation factors;
the operational factors include: constraint, the operating characteristics of the thermal power generating unit and the start-stop cost of the unit;
the constraint includes: unit peak regulation constraint, unit start-stop constraint and network constraint.
Preferably, the alternating current power flow simulation is to solve a nonlinear alternating current power flow equation by a newton method under the assumption that network conditions are not changed;
wherein the known quantities in the power flow equation include: load active power and load reactive power obtained in the load prediction and generator active power obtained by power generation production simulation;
the unknowns in the power flow equation include: voltage amplitude, voltage phase angle and branch tide state quantity.
Preferably, the step 3-2 comprises:
after the operation simulation is completed, calculating the operation energy consumption of the target power grid according to the operation simulation result, as shown in the following formula:
in the formula (3), EC represents a loss of electric energy over a period of time; n is the total number of time periods; i is a time interval label;
is the ith timeElectrical energy loss of the segment;
the power loss of the (i + 1) th time period.
Preferably, the step 4 comprises:
4-1, taking the energy-saving return rate index of the power grid equipment as an energy-saving evaluation and model selection basis of the power grid equipment, and calculating the energy-saving return rate index of the power grid equipment;
4-2, analyzing an energy efficiency change value brought to the target power grid in the aspect of energy saving by newly adding or replacing power grid equipment;
4-3, taking the power grid equipment with the higher energy-saving return rate than other equipment as an optimal item, and combining the energy-saving effects of different types of equipment at different positions and under different scenes to obtain energy-saving analysis results of the different types of power grid equipment at different positions;
and 4-4, selecting the type of the power grid equipment according to the energy-saving analysis result.
According to the technical scheme, the invention provides a power grid equipment energy-saving evaluation and type selection method based on energy-saving return rate, which is used for determining the boundary of a target power grid where power grid equipment is located; defining an energy-saving evaluation index of the power grid equipment; calculating the energy consumption of the target power grid based on the operation simulation; determining the energy-saving benefit evaluation and model selection basis of the power grid equipment, and performing energy-saving evaluation and model selection on the power grid equipment; the method provided by the invention has the advantages of low carbon emission reduction, energy conservation and efficiency improvement; energy-saving high power grid equipment is accurately and effectively selected, energy consumption and environmental pollution after the equipment is used for a power grid are reduced, reliable and environment-friendly operation of the power grid is effectively guaranteed, and low-carbon development and construction of the power grid are promoted.
Compared with the closest prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following excellent effects:
1. the technical scheme provided by the invention has the advantages of low carbon emission, energy conservation and efficiency improvement; energy-saving high power grid equipment is accurately and effectively selected, and energy consumption and environmental pollution after the equipment is used for a power grid are reduced.
2. The technical scheme provided by the invention effectively ensures the reliable and environment-friendly operation of the power grid and promotes the low-carbon development and construction of the power grid.
3. The technical scheme provided by the invention has wide application and obvious social benefit and economic benefit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a power grid equipment energy saving evaluation and type selection method based on energy saving return rate according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a simulation flow of power system operation in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the calculation of power loss in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the IEEE24 node test system wiring in an exemplary application of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a comparison diagram of multi-scenario operation energy consumption in a specific application example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a power grid equipment energy saving evaluation and model selection method based on energy saving return rate, wherein the power grid equipment is power transmission and transformation equipment and comprises an energy-saving lead, an energy-saving transformer, reactive compensation equipment and an insulator string; the method comprises the following steps:
and 4, determining the energy-saving benefit evaluation and model selection basis of the power grid equipment, and performing energy-saving evaluation and model selection on the power grid equipment.
Wherein, step 1 includes:
1-1, judging whether the operation project is a power grid energy-saving reconstruction project or not;
if yes, determining the boundary of the target power grid according to the specific power grid energy-saving transformation project;
if not, entering the step 1-2;
1-2, judging whether the power grid equipment is a transformer or not;
if yes, entering the step 1-3;
if not, entering the step 1-4;
1-3, determining the boundary of a target power grid as follows: the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the transformer respectively correspond to two power networks with different voltage grades;
1-4, determining the boundary of a target power grid as follows: and the power network is influenced by newly-built or replaced power grid equipment and is at the same voltage level as the power grid equipment.
Wherein, step 2 includes:
2-1, determining an energy-saving return rate of the power grid equipment according to an energy-saving evaluation index of the power grid equipment, and defining the energy-saving return rate of the power grid equipment as follows: the ratio of the reduction of the operation energy consumption of the target power grid in the boundary brought by newly building or replacing the power grid equipment to the construction energy consumption of the power grid equipment, namely the energy-saving return rate EPR of the power grid equipment is as follows:
in the formula (1), the EPB reduces the operation energy consumption of a target power grid caused by newly building or replacing equipment, and the CEC reduces the construction energy consumption required by newly building or replacing the equipment without considering the energy consumption in the operation, maintenance and scrapping processes of the equipment;
2-2, determining the reduction EPB of the operation energy consumption of the target power grid caused by newly building or replacing equipment as follows:
EPB＝OEC(0)-OEC(i) (8)
in the formula (2), OEC(0)Annual operating energy consumption value, OEC, of target power grid before new construction or replacement of equipment(i)The annual running energy consumption value of the target power grid after new construction or replacement of equipment is obtained.
Wherein, step 3 includes:
3-1, carrying out operation simulation of the power grid, namely carrying out operation simulation of the future power grid in the whole grid range;
and 3-2, calculating the operation energy consumption of the target power grid according to the simulation result after the operation simulation is finished.
Wherein, step 3-1 comprises:
the overall framework for determining a power system operation simulation comprises: load prediction, power generation production simulation and alternating current power flow simulation.
The load prediction is to simulate the time sequence fluctuation of the load in a future time period, and the load simulation adopts a time sequence method or a trend extrapolation method in the medium and long-term load prediction technology to simulate.
The power generation production simulation is based on a time sequence load curve, the lowest operation cost is taken as an optimization target, a unit combination taking day as a unit and an economic dispatching model are introduced, and the optimal unit combination is made for the operation simulation every day according to operation factors;
the operational factors include: constraint, the operating characteristics of the thermal power generating unit and the start-stop cost of the unit;
the constraint includes: unit peak regulation constraint, unit start-stop constraint and network constraint.
The alternating current power flow simulation is to solve a nonlinear alternating current power flow equation by a Newton method under the assumption that network conditions are not changed;
wherein the known quantities in the power flow equation include: load active power and load reactive power obtained in the load prediction and generator active power obtained by power generation production simulation;
the unknowns in the power flow equation include: voltage amplitude, voltage phase angle and branch tide state quantity.
Wherein, step 3-2 comprises:
after the operation simulation is completed, calculating the operation energy consumption of the target power grid according to the operation simulation result, as shown in the following formula:
in the formula (3), EC represents a loss of electric energy over a period of time; n is the total number of time periods; i is a time interval label;
the power loss is the ith time period;
the power loss of the (i + 1) th time period. .
Wherein, step 4 includes:
4-1, taking the energy-saving return rate index of the power grid equipment as the energy-saving evaluation and type selection basis of the power grid equipment, and calculating the energy-saving return rate index of the power grid equipment;
4-2, analyzing an energy efficiency change value brought to the target power grid in the aspect of energy saving by newly adding or replacing power grid equipment;
4-3, taking the power grid equipment with the higher energy-saving return rate than other equipment as an optimal item, and combining the energy-saving effects of different types of equipment at different positions and under different scenes to obtain energy-saving analysis results of the different types of power grid equipment at different positions;
and 4-4, selecting the type of the power grid equipment according to the energy-saving analysis result.
The invention provides a specific application example of a power grid equipment energy-saving evaluation and type selection method based on energy-saving return rate, which comprises the following steps:
1) determining the boundary of the target power grid: in order to measure the reduction degree of the operation energy consumption of the target power grid after the power grid equipment is newly added or modified, the boundary of the target power grid needs to be determined firstly. The boundary selection cannot be too large, otherwise the energy saving benefit of the device will be "diluted" due to the too large network. Therefore, the invention provides that the boundary of the target power grid is a power network which is influenced by newly-built or replaced power grid equipment and is at the same voltage level with the equipment; if the equipment is a transformer, the target power grid is specified to be two power networks with different power grid grades corresponding to the high-low voltage side of the transformer. In practical application, if the power grid energy saving transformation project is adopted, the boundary of the target power grid can be determined according to the specific power grid energy saving transformation project.
2) Design of energy-saving benefit evaluation index and model selection basis of power grid equipment
2-1) defining the energy-saving return rate of the power grid equipment: the energy saving return rate of the power grid equipment is defined as the ratio of the reduction of the running energy consumption of the target power grid (namely the power grid within the boundary specified in the step 1) brought by newly building or replacing the equipment to the construction energy consumption of the equipment, so that the cost benefit of equipment modification in the aspect of energy saving is considered. The expression of the energy-saving return rate of the power grid equipment is as follows:
in the formula, the EPB is the reduction amount of the operation energy consumption of the target power grid after the new construction or replacement of the equipment, and the CEC is the construction energy consumption of the equipment (without considering the energy consumption of the equipment in the operation, maintenance and scrapping processes).
The EPB is a reduction value of the operation energy consumption of the target power grid after newly adding or replacing equipment, and the expression is as follows:
EPB＝OEC(0)-OEC(i) (11)
in the formula, OEC(0)Annual operating energy consumption value, OEC, of target grid before adding or replacing equipment(i)The annual running energy consumption value of the target power grid after the new device or the replacement device is added or replaced.
2-2) evaluation and model selection basis of energy-saving benefit of power grid equipment
And (2) taking the equipment energy-saving return rate index defined in the step 2-1) as the basis for evaluating and selecting the equipment energy-saving benefit, considering that the equipment with high energy-saving return rate has good energy-saving benefit, and preferentially selecting the equipment in the equipment selection. The cost benefits of the target power grid brought by newly added or replaced equipment in the aspect of energy saving are analyzed by calculating the energy-saving return rate of the equipment, and reference is provided for equipment type selection decision by combining the analysis results of the energy-saving cost benefits of different types of equipment at different positions.
3) Power grid operation energy consumption calculation method based on operation simulation
The energy-saving return rate provided by the step 2) can be used for guiding the type selection of the power grid equipment, but the operation energy consumption of the target power grid needs to be calculated. It should be noted that the operation simulation is performed in the range of the whole grid (optionally, the provincial grid where the grid device is located) to simulate the operation condition of the future grid. And after the operation simulation is finished, calculating the operation energy consumption of the target power grid according to the simulation result.
3-1) integral framework of power system operation simulation: in the equipment model selection, in order to analyze the loss reduction effect of a system after upgrading of a certain piece of equipment, the existing operation data is not subjected to statistical calculation, the future operation condition of the system needs to be simulated, the steps of load prediction, power generation production simulation, alternating current power flow simulation and the like are mainly included, and the flow is shown in fig. 2;
3-2) load simulation: the load simulation refers to the simulation of the time sequence fluctuation of the load in a future time period, the simulation is in accordance with the actual statistical rule, the reliability is high, the medium-long term load prediction technology can be adopted, and the optional method is a time sequence method or a trend extrapolation method.
3-3) simulating the operation of a generator set: the generator set operation simulation model is based on a time sequence load curve, the lowest operation cost is taken as an optimization target, and a generator set combination and economic dispatching model taking day as a unit is introduced, so that planning evaluation and actual system operation are combined. The model can consider the peak regulation constraint, the start-stop constraint, the network constraint and the like of the thermal power generating unit in the dispatching operation, and also considers the operation characteristic, the start-stop cost and the like of the thermal power generating unit to make the optimal unit combination for the daily simulation.
3-3-1) simulation process of generator set operation: determining a commissioning unit according to the construction condition of the internal units in the system by considering commissioning, decommissioning, technical transformation and the like of the unit; removing the maintenance unit according to the maintenance plan, and determining the operable unit and parameters thereof; arranging all units capable of determining output, including external protocol power transmission, nuclear power units and units considering specified output, and correcting corresponding load curves according to the region where the power supply is located; according to renewable energy source simulated output generated by the renewable energy source operation simulation module in a random simulation mode, arranging new renewable energy source output, and correcting a corresponding load curve; based on the corrected multi-region load curve, the pumped storage and conventional hydroelectric generating sets are arranged to carry out peak clipping and valley filling, the pumped storage can be set to be a flat pumping or full pumping mode, the constraints of capacity, electric quantity and the like of the generating sets are met, and the corresponding load curve is corrected again according to the region where the power supply is located; and finally, performing optimization simulation operation on the rest units.
3-3-2) the optimization objective function of the generator set operation simulation is that the total system operation cost comprehensively considering the system power generation economy, the load shedding cost and the like is the lowest at each time interval, and the expression is as follows:
in the formula: t is the set of total time periods; c (P)t) The output power of each type of unit in the t period can be set to be PtElectricity or coal consumption in hours, VdFor average power loss of each node, CfFor the start-stop costs of the units, CwTo cut the cost of renewable energy, θ, η, γ are weighting coefficients, usually 1, and can be adjusted as needed. The above formula shows that the objective function comprehensively considers the system power generation economy, the load shedding cost, the scheduling decision for cutting off the renewable energy source and the like.
3-3-3) the constraint conditions of the generator set operation simulation comprise system power balance constraint, unit output upper and lower limit constraint, system positive and negative standby constraint, branch flow constraint, section constraint, dynamic constraint and the like.
3-4) alternating current power flow simulation: under the assumption that network conditions are not changed, a Newton method is adopted to solve a nonlinear alternating current power flow equation. The known quantities in the power flow equation are: load active power and load reactive power given by load prediction, and generator active power given by power generation production simulation; the unknown quantity is state quantity such as voltage amplitude, voltage phase angle, branch load flow and the like. The ac power flow equation can be described by the following equation:
in the formula, PGiRepresenting the active power of power generation injected into the node i; pLiRepresenting the load active power injected into the node i; qGiRepresenting the generated reactive power injected into node i; qLiRepresenting the reactive power of the load injected into node i.
3-4-1) treatment of generator excitation
In the ac power flow calculation, the voltage at the machine terminal can be kept constant within a certain range in consideration of the excitation function of the generator, so that in general, a node having excitation regulation is processed according to a PV node. And when the reactive power output of the generator reaches the limit value, adopting a PV-PQ node conversion strategy.
When a certain node has a plurality of units, the limit value of the reactive power output is the sum of the reactive power limit values of the units, namely:
wherein Q isGimaxTotal generator reactive power upper bound, Q, of node ikmaxAnd representing the upper limit of the reactive power output of the kth unit connected with the node i.
3-4-2) switching of reactive power compensation equipment
The timely input of the reactive compensation equipment is effective support for voltage reactive power, and the voltage stability of the power grid can be effectively improved. In order to simulate the reactive voltage supporting function of reactive compensation equipment, the project adopts a strategy of judging the switching of the reactive equipment according to the upper and lower limits of the node voltage, and the following formula is shown as follows:
Vmax≥Vi≥Vmin(i＝1,2,…,n) (15)
wherein, ViIs the voltage amplitude, V, of node imaxIs the upper limit of the node voltage, VminIs the node voltage lower limit. When the voltage amplitude of the node is lower than the lower limit value, a parallel capacitor is correspondingly put in, and parallel reactance equipment is cut off; and when the voltage amplitude is higher than the upper limit, the reactive equipment is adjusted in the reverse direction. In order to simulate the process, whether the load bus is in a load flow calculation process needs to be judgedAnd the adjustable parallel compensation equipment is arranged, the reactive equipment is correspondingly adjusted according to the out-of-limit condition, the node admittance matrix is corrected, and correction iterative calculation is carried out from the beginning.
4) Estimating the operation energy consumption of the target power grid according to the result of the whole-grid operation simulation
Because discrete and multi-section power flow of the power grid is simulated. To obtain the power loss in a period of time, the project adopts an approximate solving method, which is shown as the following formula:
in the formula, EC represents the loss of electric energy over a period of time; n is the total number of time periods; i is a time interval label;
the power loss is the ith time period;
the power loss of the (i + 1) th time period. . The lower graph shows a schematic of the power consumption calculation for one day (24 hours). It is apparent that the power loss calculated in this way corresponds to the irregular area in fig. 3.
5) Calculating the energy-saving return rate of the equipment and carrying out equipment type selection
And calculating energy-saving benefits of different types of equipment at different positions and under different scenes according to the results of the system operation simulation in the step 3) and the target power grid operation energy consumption calculation in the step 4) and the energy-saving return rate index defined in the step 2), and carrying out equipment type selection according to the energy-saving benefits.
An example of the application of the above method to the IEEE24 node test system is described below.
A wiring diagram of the IEEE24 node test system is shown in fig. 4.
The system is divided into two voltage levels, and the reference voltage is 138kV and 230kV respectively. The generating set comprises a thermal power generating set, a fuel oil generating set and a nuclear power generating set. The load active power of the whole year is given according to the periods of season, week, day and the like, and the time interval is every hour (8760 tidal current sections). In the standard test system, the reactive power of each load node is not given, but the power factor of a load bus of a typical power flow section part is given, as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 IEEE24 node test System load data
Under the assumption that the load power factor is unchanged, a corresponding reactive load of 8760 time periods can be obtained. It should be noted that, when performing actual example analysis, future load data needs to be obtained by using a load prediction algorithm. Since the load prediction algorithm is relatively mature and is not the focus of the present invention, the calculation is performed in this example using the known load data for 8760 time periods instead of the "load prediction data".
In order to make the test calculation more reasonable, a plurality of reactive power regulation devices including parallel capacitors and parallel reactors are supplemented on the basis of an IEEE24 node system, as shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 parameters of reactive power regulating equipment of IEEE24 node test system
After supplementing the reactive power regulating equipment in the table above, all node voltage amplitudes can meet the voltage limit values of 0.9p.u. -1.1 p.u. in the annual (8760 tidal current sections) running simulation of the test system.
The annual operation simulation of the test system comprises the steps of simulating the starting, stopping and output of each unit by utilizing the generated output simulation thought provided by the invention under a certain load level; the method provided by the invention is used for estimating the electric energy loss, and the network loss of the system in one year (8760 hours) is 5553 p.u.. Table 3 lists several transmission lines with outstanding transmission losses.
Table 3 electric energy loss of transmission line
According to the simulation operation result of the transmission loss in table 3, a power flow section with a more tense transmission capacity and a serious loss can be judged. The system is upgraded by replacing energy-saving power transmission and transformation equipment to solve the problems of insufficient power transmission resources and serious network loss, wherein the energy-saving power transmission and transformation equipment comprises an energy-saving lead, an energy-saving fitting, an energy-saving transformer and the like. Taking the replacement of the energy-saving wire as an example, based on the method provided by the invention, the cost benefit of the system in the aspect of energy saving after the replacement of the energy-saving wire is analyzed through the calculation of the index of the return rate of energy saving, and other types of equipment can perform similar analysis. And by combining the analysis results of the energy-saving benefits of different types of equipment at different positions, decision reference can be provided for the type selection of the power grid equipment.
According to the simulation operation result of the transmission loss, the line planned to be subjected to energy-saving lead transformation is preliminarily selected as shown in table 4. According to the alternative energy-saving reconstruction lines in the table 4, the assumed scene S is set respectively1、S2、S3、S4The subscript indicates that alternate lines having the same number have been energy-conserving retrofitted and placed into service. In addition, a reference scene S is set0The operation condition of the original system is shown, and the estimated operation energy consumption (OEC0) of the original system for 8760 hours is used as the reference value of the operation energy consumption of the system.
Table 4 alternative energy saving retrofit lines list
The objective of the system operation simulation is to investigate the degree of reduction of the loss of the whole system after any power transmission line is replaced by an energy-saving wire, and the operation energy consumption of a target power grid under each assumed scene and a reference scene needs to be estimated respectively.
Fig. 5 is a comparison result between the annual operating energy consumption of the target power grid in each assumed scene and the operating energy consumption in the reference scene, where the operating energy consumption unit is MWh. It can be seen from the figure that after the energy-saving lead is replaced, the total operating energy consumption of the target power grid is in a descending trend due to the fact that the electrical distance between the power generation side and the load side is shortened, and the energy-saving benefit of the third scenario is the most obvious. The result can be used for decision evaluation of power grid equipment type selection.
On the basis, the energy consumption cost for energy-saving reconstruction of the equipment can be introduced, and further analysis can be carried out on each scene. The energy consumption cost for replacing the energy-saving lead can be calculated according to models in the section, and the related equipment types mainly comprise leads, hardware fittings, insulator strings and the like.
Energy consumption cost and energy-saving return rate under each scene are calculated, and the result is shown in table 5.
TABLE 5 energy consumption cost effectiveness analysis results for each scenario
| Scene | S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 |
| Ee,l(MW·h) | 43156 | 44503 | 60970 | 53537 |
| Ec,l(MW·h) | 5286 | 7036 | 13100 | 11740 |
| EPR | 8.16 | 6.33 | 4.65 | 4.56 |
The table shows that the energy saving benefit of the scenario one is the best, because the scenario three has the best energy saving effect, but the energy consumption for upgrading and reconstruction is larger due to the longer line, so that the energy saving benefit under the scenario is lower. By comparing the energy-saving benefits under different equipment upgrading schemes, decision support information can be provided for equipment type selection.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make modifications and equivalents to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is set forth in the claims of the present application.
Claims (1)
1. A power grid equipment energy-saving evaluation and type selection method based on energy-saving return rate is characterized in that the power grid equipment is power transmission and transformation equipment and comprises energy-saving wires, energy-saving transformers, reactive compensation equipment and insulator strings; characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining the boundary of a target power grid where power grid equipment is located;
step 2, defining an energy-saving evaluation index of the power grid equipment;
step 3, calculating the energy consumption of the target power grid based on operation simulation;
step 4, determining the energy-saving benefit evaluation and model selection basis of the power grid equipment, and performing energy-saving evaluation and model selection on the power grid equipment;
the step 1 comprises the following steps:
1-1, judging whether the operation project is a power grid energy-saving reconstruction project or not;
if yes, determining the boundary of the target power grid according to a specific power grid energy-saving transformation project;
if not, entering the step 1-2;
1-2, judging whether the power grid equipment is a transformer or not;
if yes, entering the step 1-3;
if not, entering the step 1-4;
1-3, determining the boundary of the target power grid as follows: the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the transformer respectively correspond to two power networks with different voltage grades;
1-4, determining the boundary of the target power grid as follows: the power network is influenced by newly building or replacing the power grid equipment and is at the same voltage level as the power grid equipment;
the step 2 comprises the following steps:
2-1, determining an energy-saving return rate of the power grid equipment according to an energy-saving evaluation index of the power grid equipment, and defining the energy-saving return rate of the power grid equipment as follows: the ratio of the reduction of the operation energy consumption of the target power grid in the boundary brought by newly building or replacing the power grid equipment to the construction energy consumption of the power grid equipment, namely the energy-saving return rate EPR of the power grid equipment is as follows:
in the formula (1), the EPB reduces the operation energy consumption of a target power grid caused by newly building or replacing equipment, and the CEC reduces the construction energy consumption required by newly building or replacing the equipment without considering the energy consumption in the operation, maintenance and scrapping processes of the equipment;
2-2, determining the reduction EPB of the operation energy consumption of the target power grid brought by the newly-built or replaced equipment as follows:
EPB＝OEC(0)-OEC(i) (2)
in the formula (2), OEC(0)Annual operating energy consumption value, OEC, of target power grid before new construction or replacement of equipment(i)The annual operation energy consumption value of the target power grid after new construction or replacement of equipment is obtained;
the step 3 comprises the following steps:
3-1, carrying out operation simulation of the power grid, namely carrying out operation simulation of a future power grid in the whole grid range;
3-2, after the operation simulation is finished, calculating the operation energy consumption of the target power grid according to the simulation result;
the step 3-1 comprises the following steps:
the overall framework for determining a power system operation simulation comprises: load prediction, power generation production simulation and alternating current power flow simulation;
the load prediction is to simulate the time sequence fluctuation of the load in a future time period, and the load simulation adopts a time sequence method or a trend extrapolation method in a medium and long-term load prediction technology to simulate;
the power generation production simulation is based on a time sequence load curve, the lowest operation cost is taken as an optimization target, a unit combination taking day as a unit and an economic dispatching model are introduced, and the optimal unit combination is made for the operation simulation every day according to operation factors;
the operational factors include: constraint, the operating characteristics of the thermal power generating unit and the start-stop cost of the unit;
the constraint includes: unit peak regulation constraint, unit start-stop constraint and network constraint;
the alternating current power flow simulation is to solve a nonlinear alternating current power flow equation by a Newton method under the assumption that network conditions are not changed;
wherein the known quantities in the power flow equation include: load active power and load reactive power obtained in the load prediction and generator active power obtained by power generation production simulation;
the unknowns in the power flow equation include: voltage amplitude, voltage phase angle and branch tide state quantity;
the step 3-2 comprises the following steps:
after the operation simulation is completed, calculating the operation energy consumption of the target power grid according to the operation simulation result, as shown in the following formula:
in the formula (3), EC represents a loss of electric energy over a period of time; n is the total number of time periods; i is a time interval label;
the power loss is the ith time period;
the power loss at the (i + 1) th time interval;
the step 4 comprises the following steps:
4-1, taking the energy-saving return rate index of the power grid equipment as an energy-saving evaluation and model selection basis of the power grid equipment, and calculating the energy-saving return rate index of the power grid equipment;
4-2, analyzing an energy efficiency change value brought to the target power grid in the aspect of energy saving by newly adding or replacing power grid equipment;
4-3, taking the power grid equipment with the higher energy-saving return rate than other equipment as an optimal item, and combining the energy-saving effects of different types of equipment at different positions and under different scenes to obtain energy-saving analysis results of the different types of power grid equipment at different positions;
and 4-4, selecting the type of the power grid equipment according to the energy-saving analysis result.
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