CN106202782B - A kind of numerical computation method of guide vanes of water turbine active rotation input power - Google Patents
A kind of numerical computation method of guide vanes of water turbine active rotation input power Download PDFInfo
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- CN106202782B CN106202782B CN201610573322.4A CN201610573322A CN106202782B CN 106202782 B CN106202782 B CN 106202782B CN 201610573322 A CN201610573322 A CN 201610573322A CN 106202782 B CN106202782 B CN 106202782B
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- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of numerical computation methods of guide vanes of water turbine active rotation input power, belong to hydraulic and its systems technology field.The invention includes the following steps: A, calling grid dividing module, using two nested grids: the entire physical region of surrounding fluid and guide vane composition, guide vane borderline region;B, fluid CFD computing module is called, updates fluid state variable, while obtaining fluid matasomatism in the force density on guide vane borderline region node;C, Instantaneous input power computing module is called, the Instantaneous input power of guide vane active rotation is obtained;D, Instantaneous input power information is output to file by call result output module, is used for background process;E, judge whether to terminate to calculate.The present invention calculates Instantaneous input power and startup power during guide vane active rotation in due course, overcomes traditional based on flowing is simplified and empirical coefficient and safety coefficient are come the shortcomings that estimating maximal input.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of numerical computation method of guide vanes of water turbine active rotation input power, belong to hydraulic and
Its systems technology field.
Background technique
Between hydraulic frequency modulation, phase modulation and different operating condition mutually in the waterpower transient process such as conversion, guide vane is always
In continuous active adjustment process, it is exactly hydraulic system neck that guide vane active rotation, which needs the instantaneous power inputted calculating,
One of the difficult point in domain.Traditional calculation method, it is simplified maximum defeated to estimate with empirical coefficient and safety coefficient based on flowing
Enter power, often differ larger with input power actually required, causes unnecessary energy waste.For this purpose, the present invention proposes
A kind of numerical computation method of guide vanes of water turbine active rotation input power, can accurately calculate the wink during guide vane active rotation
When input power and staring torque, calculating process is simple, is easy to the optimization design of input power during unit wicket gate control.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of numerical computation methods of guide vanes of water turbine active rotation input power, for overcoming biography
Statistics calculates the deficiency in guide vanes of water turbine active rotation input power method.
The technical scheme is that a kind of numerical computation method of guide vanes of water turbine active rotation input power, described
Specific step is as follows for method:
Step1, grid dividing module is called, using two nested grids: fluid mass, guide vane borderline region;Wherein fluid zone
Domain is discrete using cartesian grid under Eulerian configuration, and guide vane borderline region uses aptamer finite element net under Lagrange description
Lattice are discrete;
Step2, fluid CFD computing module is called, using the immersion boundary method based on substep projection, solved incompressible
The Fluid Control Equation of viscous Newtonian fluid updates fluid state variable, while obtaining fluid matasomatism in guide vane borderline region section
Force density on point;
Step3, Instantaneous input power computing module is called, obtains the rotating torque acted on guide vane, and then led
The Instantaneous input power of leaf active rotation;
Step4, Instantaneous input power information is output to file, is used for background process;
Step5, judge whether to terminate to calculate:
If △ tn < T, enters future time and walk, continue to execute step Step2, Step3 and Step4;
If △ tn >=T, terminate entirely to calculate;
Wherein, △ t is time step, and T is the total physical time for requiring to calculate, and n is time step number.
The fluid mass includes area of space occupied by fluid and guide vane, and guide vane borderline region, which refers to, surrounds guide vane entity
Boundary face.
In the step Step1, fluid mass is divided under Eulerian configuration using cartesian grid, grid cell centers
Or the fluid delta on node is known as euler variable, and mesh point coordinate information xj is output to file f c.dat;Guide vane side
Battery limit (BL) domain uses aptamer FEM meshing under Lagrange description, and the variable on grid node is known as Lagrange and becomes
Amount, respective mesh node coordinateIt is output to file sc.dat.
In the step Step2, the CFD calculating of boundary method is immersed by projecting based on substep, realizes two big functions:
First is that obtaining fluid matasomatism in the force density on guide vane boundary node:
Pass through fluid mass predetermined speed u ' (xj, t) andThe guide vane boundary glug that approximate smooth function obtains
Speed on bright day nodeIt should be equal to the natural speed of guide vane boundary nodeTo realize guide vane boundary
Node force densitySolution, and result is output to file sf.dat, for Instantaneous input power meter in step Step3
Module is calculated to use;
Wherein,For the explanation of guide vane borderline region mesh point coordinate, t is the time;
Second is that updating fluid state variable:
Fluid mass velocity correction value Δ u (xj, t) are as follows:
In formula, Δ siFor the area of the i-th sheet border of guide vane borderline region, h is fluid grid spacing, and M is guide vane frontier district
Domain total node number, N are fluid Eulerian mesh total node number, CjiFor information transition matrix, it is defined as follows:
In formula,Respectively guide vane borderline region mesh point coordinateIn x, y, the component in the direction z, xj,
yj,zjRespectively Eulerian mesh node coordinate xjIn x, y, the component in the direction z;Function phi may be expressed as:
In formula, r is the independent variable of function phi;
Fluid mass speed can be updated by following formula,
u(xj, t) and=u ' (xj,t)+Δu(xj,t) (4)。
In the step Step3, the rotating torque acted on guide vane is obtained, and then obtain the instantaneous of guide vane active rotation
Input power:
Instant rotation torque M is obtained firstC(t):
In formula, riFor force densityVertical range of the position to wicket gate stem;
The Instantaneous input power P (t) of guide vane active rotation is obtained again:
In formula,For the instantaneous angular velocity of guide vane System of Rotating about Fixed Axis;
By the solution to formula (6), the Instantaneous input power that each moment guide vane active rotation needs is obtained, and by result
It is output to file power.dat, is used for the background process in step Step4.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the present invention proposes a kind of numerical computation method of guide vanes of water turbine active rotation input power, can calculate and lead in due course
Instantaneous input power and startup power during leaf active rotation, overcome it is traditional based on flowing is simplified and empirical coefficient with
And safety coefficient is come the shortcomings that estimating maximal input.
2, the present invention solves big displacement using binary values calculation method is immersed based on the projection of fixed mesh technology
Moving Boundary Problem can accurately calculate the fluid dynamic that guide vane boundary during guide vane active rotation is subject to.And it is traditional based on dynamic
The moving boundary method for solving of grid, significantly guide vane movement often leads to the failure of fluid mass grid updating, and originally
Invention exactly makes up this major defect.
3, the calculation process clear physics conception that the present invention uses, calculating process is simple, is easy to programming, is convenient for unit
The optimization design of input power during wicket gate control.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the guide vane geometric dimension that example uses in the present invention and calculating schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the evolutionary process of corner at any time under different guide vane active rotation modes in a cycle in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the evolutionary process of guide vane Instantaneous input power at any time in a cycle being calculated in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: as shown in Figs 1-4, a kind of numerical computation method of guide vanes of water turbine active rotation input power is described
Specific step is as follows for method:
Step1, grid dividing module is called, using two nested grids: fluid mass, guide vane borderline region;Wherein fluid zone
Domain is discrete using cartesian grid under Eulerian configuration, and guide vane borderline region uses aptamer finite element net under Lagrange description
Lattice are discrete;
Step2, fluid CFD (computational fluid dynamics) computing module is called, using the immersion boundary based on substep projection
Method solves the Fluid Control Equation of incompressible viscous Newtonian fluid, updates fluid state variable, while obtaining fluid matasomatism
Force density on guide vane borderline region node;
Step3, Instantaneous input power computing module is called, obtains the rotating torque acted on guide vane, and then led
The Instantaneous input power of leaf active rotation;
Step4, Instantaneous input power information is output to file, is used for background process;
Step5, judge whether to terminate to calculate:
If △ tn < T, enters future time and walk, continue to execute step Step2, Step3 and Step4;
If △ tn >=T, terminate entirely to calculate;
Wherein, △ t is time step, and T is the total physical time for requiring to calculate, and n is time step number.
The fluid mass includes area of space occupied by fluid and guide vane, and guide vane borderline region, which refers to, surrounds guide vane entity
Boundary face.
In the step Step1, fluid mass is divided under Eulerian configuration using cartesian grid, grid cell centers
Or the fluid delta on node is known as euler variable, and by mesh point coordinate information xjIt is output to file f c.dat;Guide vane side
Battery limit (BL) domain uses aptamer FEM meshing under Lagrange description, and the variable on grid node is known as Lagrange and becomes
Amount, respective mesh node coordinateIt is output to file sc.dat.
In the step Step2, the CFD calculating of boundary method is immersed by projecting based on substep, realizes two big functions:
First is that obtaining fluid matasomatism in the force density on guide vane boundary node:
Pass through fluid mass predetermined speed u ' (xj, t) andThe guide vane boundary glug that approximate smooth function obtains
Speed on bright day nodeIt should be equal to the natural speed of guide vane boundary nodeTo realize guide vane boundary
Node force densitySolution, and result is output to file sf.dat, for Instantaneous input power meter in step Step3
Module is calculated to use;
Wherein,For the explanation of guide vane borderline region mesh point coordinate, t is the time;
Second is that updating fluid state variable:
Fluid mass velocity correction value Δ u (xj, t) are as follows:
In formula, Δ siFor the area of the i-th sheet border of guide vane borderline region, h is fluid grid spacing, and M is guide vane frontier district
Domain total node number, N are fluid Eulerian mesh total node number, CjiFor information transition matrix, it is defined as follows:
In formula,Respectively guide vane borderline region mesh point coordinateIn x, y, the component in the direction z, xj,
yj,zjRespectively Eulerian mesh node coordinate xjIn x, y, the component in the direction z;Function phi may be expressed as:
In formula, r is the independent variable of function phi;
Fluid mass speed can be updated by following formula,
u(xj, t) and=u ' (xj,t)+Δu(xj,t) (4)。
In the step Step3, the rotating torque acted on guide vane is obtained, and then obtain the instantaneous of guide vane active rotation
Input power:
Instant rotation torque M is obtained firstC(t):
In formula, riFor force densityVertical range of the position to wicket gate stem;
The Instantaneous input power P (t) of guide vane active rotation is obtained again:
In formula,For the instantaneous angular velocity of guide vane System of Rotating about Fixed Axis;
By the solution to formula (6), the Instantaneous input power that each moment guide vane active rotation needs is obtained, and by result
It is output to file power.dat, is used for the background process in step Step4.
Embodiment 2: as shown in Figs 1-4, a kind of numerical computation method of guide vanes of water turbine active rotation input power is described
Specific step is as follows for method:
Step1, grid dividing module is called, using two nested grids: fluid mass, guide vane borderline region;Wherein fluid zone
Domain is discrete using cartesian grid under Eulerian configuration, and guide vane borderline region uses aptamer finite element net under Lagrange description
Lattice are discrete;
Step2, fluid CFD (computational fluid dynamics) computing module is called, using the immersion boundary based on substep projection
Method solves the Fluid Control Equation of incompressible viscous Newtonian fluid, updates fluid state variable, while obtaining fluid matasomatism
Force density on guide vane borderline region node;
Step3, Instantaneous input power computing module is called, obtains the rotating torque acted on guide vane, and then led
The Instantaneous input power of leaf active rotation;
Step4, Instantaneous input power information is output to file, is used for background process;
Step5, judge whether to terminate to calculate:
If △ tn < T, enters future time and walk, continue to execute step Step2, Step3 and Step4;
If △ tn >=T, terminate entirely to calculate;
Wherein, △ t is time step, and T is the total physical time for requiring to calculate, and n is time step number.
Embodiment 3: as shown in Figs 1-4, a kind of numerical computation method of guide vanes of water turbine active rotation input power is described
Specific step is as follows for method:
As shown in Figure 1, certain guide vanes of water turbine aerofoil profile chord length a=1.1928, pivoting point are located at the central point of chord length line, distance
Up-front distance b=0.5558, the characteristic velocity of upstream is indicated with U, uses θ0Indicate hard-over, guide vane aerofoil profile around the pivot point O '
And rotated perpendicular to the axis of guide vane aerofoil profile, rotational angle theta changing rule is controlled by (7) formula, it is expressed as follows:
Wherein, the π of circular frequency ω=2 f, f is motion frequency.β is a certain constant, and pivot angle is become with sine curve when β=1.0
Change, when β value is gradually increased from 1.0, corner variation becomes square-wave curve from sine curve, as shown in Figure 2.Reynolds numberρ is fluid density, and μ is the dynamics viscosity coefficient of fluid.
S1: grid dividing
Fluid mass (including fluid and guide vane borderline region) is divided under Eulerian configuration using cartesian grid, and grid is
Uniform quadrilateral mesh, grid spacing is h=0.01a, and unit coordinate information is output to file f c.dat, guide vane frontier district
Domain, uses FEM meshing, spacing 0.01a under Lagrange description, and respective mesh node message file is output to
Sc.dat file.
S2: calling fluid CFD computing module, updates fluid state variable, while obtaining fluid matasomatism and saving in guide vane boundary
Force density on point;
Pass through fluid mass predetermined speed u ' (xj, t) andThe guide vane boundary glug that approximate smooth function obtains
Speed on bright day nodeIt should be equal to the natural speed of given guide vane boundary node.For around System of Rotating about Fixed Axis
Guide vane, the natural speed of guide vane boundary nodeHereinIndicate rotational angle theta to the derivative of time.
HaveTo realize force density on guide vane boundary nodeSolution, and it is result is defeated
File sf.dat is arrived out, is used for Instantaneous input power computing module in next step S3.
S3: calling guide vane Instantaneous input power computing module, obtains the rotating torque acted on guide vane, and then led
The Instantaneous input power of leaf active rotation:
Guide vane instant rotation torque M is obtained firstC(t), i.e.,
R in formulaiFor force densityVertical range of the position to wicket gate stem (guide vane is around fixed-axis rotation).
The Instantaneous input power P (t) of guide vane active rotation is obtained again, it may be assumed that
By the solution to formula (9), the Instantaneous input power that each moment guide vane active rotation needs is obtained, and by result
It is output to file power.dat, is used for the post-processing in step S4.
S4: guide vane Instantaneous input power information is output to file by call result output module, is read for the poster processing soft
Display.
S5: time stepping method
After the completion of calculating in a time step, it is transferred to next time step, repeat the above steps S2-S4, until meeting
Time requirement is calculated to stop calculating.This example takes time step Δ t=0.001s, f=0.16, θ0=75 °, calculate total time T=
6.25s amounts to time step number n=6250.
Fig. 4 is set forth in a cycle guide vane Instantaneous input power under different β value and changes with time.First from figure
In as can be seen that with β value increase, input power all gradually increases.It is most put on secondly, peak input power respectively appears in
Input power near angle θ=75 ° and θ=0 °, and near θ=0 ° is maximum.Furthermore under different β value, peak input power occurs
At the time of slightly difference, β value is bigger, and the peak input power near maximum pendulum angle more first occurs, and the peak near θ=0 °
Value input power occurs more afterwards.
Above in conjunction with attached drawing, the embodiment of the present invention is explained in detail, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned
Embodiment within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art can also be before not departing from present inventive concept
Put that various changes can be made.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of numerical computation method of guide vanes of water turbine active rotation input power, it is characterised in that: the method it is specific
Steps are as follows:
Step1, grid dividing module is called, using two nested grids: fluid mass, guide vane borderline region;Wherein fluid mass exists
Under Eulerian configuration using cartesian grid it is discrete, guide vane borderline region Lagrange description under using aptamer finite element grid from
It dissipates;
Step2, fluid CFD computing module is called, using the immersion boundary method based on substep projection, solves incompressible viscosity
The Fluid Control Equation of Newtonian fluid updates fluid state variable, while obtaining fluid matasomatism on guide vane borderline region node
Force density;Pass through fluid mass predetermined speed u ' (xj, t) andThe guide vane boundary glug that approximate smooth function obtains
Speed on bright day nodeIt should be equal to the natural speed of given guide vane boundary nodeHaveTo realize force density on guide vane boundary nodeSolution;
Step3, Instantaneous input power computing module is called, obtains the rotating torque M acted on guide vaneC(t), i.e.,R in formulaiFor force densityPosition hangs down to wicket gate stem
Straight distance, Δ siFor the area on i-th section of guide vane boundary, h is fluid grid spacing, and M is guide vane boundary node number, and then is led
The Instantaneous input power P (t) of leaf active rotation, it may be assumed thatIn formulaIndicate that rotational angle theta leads the time
Number, and then obtain the Instantaneous input power of guide vane active rotation;
Step4, Instantaneous input power information is output to file, is used for background process;
Step5, judge whether to terminate to calculate:
If △ tn < T, enters future time and walk, continue to execute step Step2, Step3 and Step4;
If △ tn >=T, terminate entirely to calculate;
Wherein, △ t is time step, and T is the total physical time for requiring to calculate, and n is time step number;The fluid mass includes stream
Area of space occupied by body and guide vane, guide vane borderline region refer to the boundary face for surrounding guide vane entity.
2. the numerical computation method of guide vanes of water turbine active rotation input power according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In the step Step1, fluid mass is divided under Eulerian configuration using cartesian grid, on grid cell centers or node
Fluid delta be known as euler variable, and mesh point coordinate information xj is output to file f c.dat;Guide vane borderline region exists
Lagrange description is lower to use aptamer FEM meshing, and the variable on grid node is known as lagrange's variable, accordingly
Mesh point coordinateIt is output to file sc.dat.
3. the numerical computation method of guide vanes of water turbine active rotation input power according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In the step Step2, the CFD calculating of boundary method is immersed by projecting based on substep, realizes two big functions:
First is that obtaining fluid matasomatism in the force density on guide vane boundary node:
By fluid mass predetermined speed u ' (xj, t) andThe guide vane boundary Lagrange that approximate smooth function obtains
Speed on nodeIt should be equal to the natural speed of guide vane boundary nodeTo realize guide vane boundary node
Force densitySolution, and result is output to file sf.dat, calculates mould for Instantaneous input power in step Step3
Block uses;Wherein,For the explanation of guide vane borderline region mesh point coordinate, t is the time;
Second is that updating fluid state variable:
Fluid mass velocity correction value Δ u (xj, t) are as follows:
In formula, Δ siFor the area of the i-th sheet border of guide vane borderline region, h is fluid grid spacing, and M is that guide vane borderline region always saves
Points, N are fluid Eulerian mesh total node number, CjiFor information transition matrix, it is defined as follows:
In formula,Respectively guide vane borderline region mesh point coordinate is in x, y, the component in the direction z, xj,yj,zjRespectively
For Eulerian mesh node coordinate xjIn x, y, the component in the direction z;FunctionIt may be expressed as:
In formula, r is functionIndependent variable;
Fluid mass speed can be updated by following formula,
u(xj, t) and=u ' (xj, t) and+Δ u (xj, t) and (4).
4. the numerical computation method of guide vanes of water turbine active rotation input power according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:
In the step Step3, the rotating torque acted on guide vane is obtained, and then obtain the instantaneous input work of guide vane active rotation
Rate:
Obtain instant rotation torque MC (t) first:
In formula, riFor force densityVertical range of the position to wicket gate stem;
The Instantaneous input power P (t) of guide vane active rotation is obtained again:
In formula,For the instantaneous angular velocity of guide vane System of Rotating about Fixed Axis;
By the solution to formula (6), the Instantaneous input power that each moment guide vane active rotation needs is obtained, and result is exported
To file power.dat, used for the background process in step Step4.
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CN103778326A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-05-07 | 昆明理工大学 | Immersed boundary force feedback method based on right body and fluid coupling effect prediction |
CN103970989A (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2014-08-06 | 昆明理工大学 | Immersing boundary flow field calculation method based on fluid/solid interface consistency |
CN104850689A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-08-19 | 昆明理工大学 | Fluid-solid coupling computing method based on fixed grid technology |
US9353728B2 (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2016-05-31 | Technische Universität Darmstadt | Invention relating to rotor blades, in particular for wind power installations |
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US9353728B2 (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2016-05-31 | Technische Universität Darmstadt | Invention relating to rotor blades, in particular for wind power installations |
CN103778326A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-05-07 | 昆明理工大学 | Immersed boundary force feedback method based on right body and fluid coupling effect prediction |
CN103970989A (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2014-08-06 | 昆明理工大学 | Immersing boundary flow field calculation method based on fluid/solid interface consistency |
CN104850689A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-08-19 | 昆明理工大学 | Fluid-solid coupling computing method based on fixed grid technology |
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