CN106202749B - The deposition analogy method that deposition process is controlled based on datum level - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of deposition analogy methods controlled based on datum level deposition process, this method passes through the depositional environment of well logging, well logging and rock core information analysis crystallizing field first, with buried history data, the situation of change and paleotopography situation of datum level are determined.It is analyzed according to paleotopography, it is input to paleotopography as initial landform in hydrodynamic model, simulation reconstruction studies area's HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS, according to Sediment Transport diffusion equation on the basis of hydrodynamic force research, the carrying and deposition of simulation reconstruction silt, the deposition of deposit and degrading is constrained with datum level on this basis, by the deposition of deposit degrade in the initial landform that is added to as the landform simulated next time to form circulating analog reproduction deposition process.The case where datum level is considered in simulation process of the present invention, can simulate the deposition of basin rank；Simulated time of the present invention is short, can be corrected repeatedly until meeting geologic feature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to deposition analogue techniques, are simulated based on datum level to the deposition that deposition process controls in particular to a kind of
Method.
Background technique
With the progress of computer technology, the deposition simulation in big region is had been able to realize, at present in deposition algorithm
It is mainly simulated by the method for hydrodynamics and silt hydrodynamics, with continuity equation, the equation of momentum and energy
Equation to carry out physical deposition process analog study, and comparative maturity is the N-S equation of hydrodynamics and based on inverting
Analogy method is deposited, has reproduced hydrodynamic truth well in hydrodynamics method, but only to the research of silt
What is only studied is modern deposition, does not account for the case where river base is metamorphic rock and magmatic rock, landform is to deposition
Influence does not account for, therefore in the simulation for carrying out extensive big time scale, the analog study method of hydrodynamics is simultaneously uncomfortable
Close deposition simulation geologically；And the deposition simulation based on inverting is more processing to available data and is allowed to and researcher
Idea it is identical, and can not reactive deposition object deposition when true depositional environment and hydrodynamic force situation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of deposition analogy method controlled based on datum level deposition process, this method
The depositional environment for analyzing crystallizing field by well logging, well logging and rock core information first, is used
Buried history data determines the situation of change and paleotopography situation of datum level.It is analyzed according to paleotopography, by ancient ground
Shape is input in hydrodynamic model as initial landform, and simulation reconstruction studies area's HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS, on the basis of hydrodynamic force research
On according to Sediment Transport diffusion equation, the carrying and deposition of simulation reconstruction silt, on this basis with datum level to deposit
Deposition and degrading constrained, the deposition of deposit is degraded in the initial landform that is added to as simulating next time
Landform reproduces deposition process to form circulating analog.
To achieve the above object, a kind of deposition simulation side that deposition process is controlled based on datum level provided by the invention
Method, comprising the following steps:
1) initial landform is built:
A. collect the geologic database in work area, in work area individual well well logging, well logging and core data, analyze the heavy of crystallizing field
Product environment, obtains the deposition thickness of deposit；
B. research layer position is pressed in conjunction with hydrological data bank and buried history data according to depositional environment and deposition thickness
Real correction, obtains the stratigraphic evolution history of crystallizing field, the structural map of different times, paleogeographic map using the method successively restored, i.e.,
Paleotopographic map；
C. the correction carried out on the basis of paleotopographic map is studied obtains the initial landform of deposition simulation, i.e., initial landform
N0；
2) research of HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
A. the setting of boundary condition, the determination of boundary position is mainly obtained from provenance analy~sis, including isopach map of sand bodies, weight
Mineral distribution map obtains on the basis of the research such as sedimentary structures；The type on boundary is mainly investigated according to modern deposition
It arrives, silt control is type according to deposit, and deposition content in the earth formation determines；
B. the setting of hydrodynamic model: according to the diffusion of the density of water body, flow velocity, viscosity, acceleration of gravity and fluid
Characteristic is divided with the Flow Field Distribution in the parallel finite element method analog study area of fluid mechanics equation Navier-Stocks equation
Analysis obtains and crystallizing field depositional hydrodynamic force model；
C. HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS research: initial landform is inputted in hydrodynamic model, and the hydrodynamic force that simulation reconstruction studies area is special
Sign；
3) setting of deposits model:
Determine sediment type, according to Sediment transport diffusion equation on the basis of hydrodynamic force research, simulation reconstruction is heavy
The transported deposit process of product object；
4) control of the datum level to deposition
A. datum level is set；
B. in deposition simulation process, the elevation of any one place's deposit actual surface is measured, by judging deposit
The elevation of actual surface and the size relation of datum elevation, to deposition to deposit and degrade and carry out constraint control, root
The thickness of deposit, and the landform N that is added to are calculated according to the density of depositx-1Deposition actual surface elevation in, formed landform Nx
Landform when being calculated as next step；Wherein, X is the number of cycle calculations；X be 1,2,3 ...
5, Landform Evolution model
In the time being arranged according to user, by above-mentioned landform NxCarry out step 2)~4) simulation loop to get arrive landforms
Evolution condition.
Further, in the step 1), geologic database includes research area's drilling well individual-layer data, Different Strata interface structure
Make figure and target interval deposition phase-plane diagram；(individual well for restricted model simulates number to well logging, well logging and the core data of individual well
According to library) include individual well individual-layer data, individual well SEDIMENTARY FACIES ANALYSIS performance data, individual well reservoir structure parameter, individual well reservoir cycle
Property analysis data, the sediment composition of individual well analysis data, the paleostructure of the sedimentary evolution history data of individual well and individual well restore number
According to；Hydrological data bank includes the anatomical data appeared, the survey data of made ground and provenance analy~sis data.
Still further, the of the step 2) b) in small step, hydrodynamic model equation is as follows:
Wherein:
The inertia force of unit mass fluid when fluid motion, the component in three reference axis
The unit mass force component of X, Y, Z unit mass fluid
The component in the normal stress direction of unit mass fluid
The component (viscous force) of the tangential stress of unit mass fluid, wherein
Still further, if deposit is Cohesive Sediment, i.e. shale, carrying out mould using diffusion equation in the step 3)
Quasi-, formula is as follows:
Wherein:
C: the concentration [kg/m of deposition component3]
U, v, ω: the velocity component [m/s] of water flow
εs,x, εs,y, εs,z: the diffusion coefficient [m of deposition component2/s]
ω s: the sinking speed [m/s] of deposition component
Alternatively, if deposit is non-sticky silt, i.e. two kinds of chiltern, using the settlement function of the deposit of Van Rijn
It is simulated, formula is as follows:
Wherein:
S: the relative density ρ of deposition components/ρw
Ds: deposition component representative diameter
υ: the kinematic viscosity [m of water body2/s]。
Still further, in the step 4), if the elevation of deposit actual surface is greater than the elevation of datum level, deposition
Object degrades phenomenon, erosional rate are as follows:
Erosional rate
Wherein,
λ: for compensation coefficient,
Hc: the elevation of deposition surface,
Hj: the elevation of datum level,
α: the inclination angle of deposition surface,
β: the inclination angle of datum level；
Denudation is calculated, the thickness of deposit is calculated according to the density of deposit.
Still further, in the step 4), if the elevation of deposit actual surface is greater than the height less than or equal to datum level
Cheng Shi, deposit deposit, deposition rate are as follows:
Deposition rate
Wherein,
Coref: for compensation coefficient
Hc: the elevation of deposition surface
Hj: the elevation of datum level
α: the inclination angle of deposition surface
β: the inclination angle of datum level.
Denudation is calculated, the thickness of deposit is calculated according to the density of deposit.
The principle of the present invention:
One, the setting principle of deposits model
1) during the setting of deposits model, it is usually required mainly for consider that granularity, the density of deposit, and deposition carry
Density, flow velocity and the deposit concentration of body, with water body to the scouring capability of riverbed bottom and the rugosity phase in riverbed whether deposition
It closes.It is moved and deposition tendency is characterized with suffered buoyancy, gravity, velocity inertial.
2) granularity of deposit is different, then the moisture film wrapped up around it is not of uniform size, to cause its buoyancy and gravity ratio
Difference and sedimentation speed and its deposition process carry distance difference, in turn result in the difference of its deposition tendency.
3) according to the difference of deposit, we by deposit be divided into Cohesive Sediment (shale), non-sticky silt (chiltern) and
Two kinds of gravel matter deposit, due to the difference of sedimentation type, transmission mode (mode that deposition is carried) also has very big difference；
For different deposits we use different methods be described, for viscosity deposit we using viscosity
The convective-diffusion equation of silt, for inviscid arenaceous sediment object, we are described with sedimentation equation, for gravel
Matter deposit we (therefore this method in do not consider) is more described using the ideal formula of ideal spherical model；
4) description of deposition process, deposition process mainly include two aspect, one be deposit transmission and carrying, separately
It on the one hand is the sedimentation of deposit, for sticky argillaceous sediment, we carry out simulation description using unified deposition velocity,
The sedimentation equation for the silt that we use for inviscid arenaceous sediment object, deposit is heavy under conditions of different flow velocitys
Reduction of speed degree has a little difference, can be shown in simulation process.
Two, the principle of the setting of deposits model
1) present invention in denudation deposit Inner Constitution, datum level and deposition surface relative position and degrade
The landforms of front and back, flow velocity constrain.The redeposited process for degrading deposit is different from the deposit to arrive with water, it is only by bottom shape
The influence of roughness, the gradient, depositional site is the low-lying district that the gradient has large change, and this deposition does not occur on the limit
The accumulation of object.
The factor that we are attributed to two aspects for the deposition of deposit and carrying in this method accounts for, on the one hand
It is the transmission of the distribution to deposited material in flow field, degrades and migrate；On the other hand it is contemplated that the pass of deposition site and datum level
System is to being deposited on to degrade and constrain to deposit.What we controlled deposit in hydrodynamic force in simulation process
On the basis of increase constraint of the datum level to deposit, the principle is as follows:
2) control process that datum level degrades deposition: in deposition simulation process there are two the deposits at any one place
Amount, the elevation file on the actual surface of a deposit, one is to deposit the datum level (user oneself definition) degraded, when heavy
When the elevation on product object surface is greater than the elevation of datum level, deposit degrades phenomenon, erosional rate and deposition surface distance
The distance dependent of datum level, and the relationship directly proportional to the size of the distance apart from datum level, i.e. deposition surface are got over away from datum level
Far, the erosional rate of deposit is bigger；With should deposit surface elevation be less than datum level elevation when, deposit occur
Deposition, deposition rate is related with two factors, the size at the angle of repose of deposit and the delivery rate of deposit, when the position
Deposit deposits when the inclination angle for the deposit set is less than deposit angle of repose, until the deposition slope angle of deposit is greater than deposition
When the angle of repose of object, deposition stops, and deposit is migrated to next grid.The deposit accumulated still is washed away work by water flow
With the movement on bottom is only influenced by the flow velocity of the rugosity of bottom, water flow, and the shear stress suffered by the deposit is greater than it
When startup power, deposit continuation carry forward, when be less than deposit entry condition when, deposit deposits, save and
It is no to determine that migration distance is greater than grid and then reaches next grid after avaling, if migration distance by migration distance of its deposition after lower
It is then deposited less than sizing grid.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) present invention has fully taken into account influence of the hydrodynamic force to deposition during simulating quiet；
2) the case where datum level is considered in simulation process of the present invention, can simulate the deposition of basin rank；
3) simulated time of the present invention is short, can be corrected repeatedly until meeting geologic feature.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of present invention deposition analogy method；
In face of the flow chart of the control of deposition on the basis of Fig. 2；
In face of depositing the theoretical principle figure at constraint subject to Fig. 3.
Specific embodiment
In order to better explain the present invention, below in conjunction with the specific embodiment main contents that the present invention is furture elucidated, but
The contents of the present invention are not limited solely to following embodiment.
Based on the deposition analogy method that datum level controls deposition process, the ground in the 79 south area of text of Zhongyuan Oil Field is restored
Looks, the specific steps are as follows:
1) initial landform is established:
A. according to the geologic database in work area, well logging, well logging and core data, get the deposition thickness of deposit；
B. research layer position is pressed in conjunction with hydrological data bank and buried history data according to depositional environment and deposition thickness
Real correction, obtains the stratigraphic evolution history of crystallizing field, the structural map of different times, paleogeographic map using the method successively restored, i.e.,
Paleotopographic map；
C. the correction carried out on the basis of paleotopographic map is studied obtains the initial landform of deposition simulation, i.e., initial landform
N0；
2) hydrodynamic force, and deposition physical parameter are set
A. according to the implementing hydrodynamic analysis in research area, the hydrodynamic parameter of crystallizing field is obtained: water (flow) direction, flow, flow velocity, rough
The hydrodynamic parameters such as degree, the coefficient of dispersion, viscosity coefficient；
B. dynamic characteristic is simulated with N-S equation according to hydrodynamic parameter；
3) the transmission simulation of deposit:
Determine sediment type, substitutes into Sediment transport diffused sheet in hydrodynamic parameter, such as flow velocity, shear stress parameter
Journey simulates the transported deposit process of deposit；Adherent deposit formula (1)
Non-sticky deposit formula (2)
4) control of the datum level to deposition
A. datum level is set；
B. in deposition simulation process, the elevation of any one place's deposit actual surface is measured, by judging deposit
The elevation of actual surface and the size relation of datum elevation, deposition surface > datum level degrade, and are counted according to erosional rate B
Calculate denudation
To carry out constraint control to degrading for deposit, the thickness of deposit is calculated according to the density of deposit, and is folded
It is added to landform Nx-1Deposition actual surface elevation in, formed landform NxLandform when being calculated as next step；Wherein, X is circulation
The number of calculating；X be 1,2,3 ...
5, Landform Evolution
In the time being arranged according to user, by above-mentioned landform NxCarry out step 2)~4) simulation loop to get arrive landforms
Evolution condition.
Other unspecified parts are the prior art.Although above-described embodiment is made that the present invention and retouches in detail
State, but it is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments, people can also according to the present embodiment without
Other embodiments are obtained under the premise of creativeness, these embodiments belong to the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of deposition analogy method controlled based on datum level deposition process, comprising the following steps:
1) initial landform is built:
A. collect the geologic database in work area, in work area individual well well logging, well logging and core data, analyze the deposition ring of crystallizing field
Border obtains the deposition thickness of deposit；
B. compacting is carried out to research layer position and is rectified in conjunction with hydrological data bank and buried history data according to depositional environment and deposition thickness
Just, the stratigraphic evolution history of crystallizing field, the structural map of different times, paleogeographic map are obtained using the method successively restored, i.e., anciently
Shape figure；
C. the correction carried out on the basis of paleotopographic map is studied obtains the initial landform of deposition simulation, i.e., initial landform N0；
2) research of HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
A. the setting of boundary condition, the determination of boundary position is mainly obtained from provenance analy~sis, including isopach map of sand bodies, heavy mineral
Distribution map obtains on the basis of sedimentary structures research；The type on boundary mainly is investigated to obtain according to modern deposition, silt
Control is the type according to deposit, and deposition content in the earth formation determines；
B. the setting of hydrodynamic model: special according to the diffusion of the density of water body, flow velocity, viscosity, acceleration of gravity and fluid
Property, with the Flow Field Distribution in the parallel finite element method analog study area of fluid mechanics equation Navier-Stocks equation, analysis
Obtain depositional hydrodynamic force model identical with crystallizing field；
C. HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS research: initial landform is inputted in hydrodynamic model, and simulation reconstruction studies the HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS in area；
3) setting of deposits model:
Sediment type is determined, according to Sediment transport diffusion equation, simulation reconstruction deposit on the basis of hydrodynamic force research
Transported deposit process；
4) control of the datum level to deposition
A. datum level is set；
B. in deposition simulation process, the elevation of any one place's deposit actual surface is measured, by the reality for judging deposit
The elevation on surface and the size relation of datum elevation, to deposition to deposit and degrade and carry out constraint control, according to heavy
The density of product object calculates the thickness of deposit, and the landform N that is added tox-1Deposition actual surface elevation in, formed landform NxAs
Landform when calculating in next step；Wherein, X is the number of cycle calculations, X 1,2,3 ...；
5) Landform Evolution model
In the time being arranged according to user, by above-mentioned landform NxCarry out step 2)~4) simulation loop to get arrive landforms evolution
Situation.
2. the deposition analogy method controlled according to claim 1 based on datum level deposition process, it is characterised in that: described
In step 1), geologic database includes research area's drilling well individual-layer data, Different Strata Interface Construction figure and target interval sedimentary facies
Plan view；Well logging, well logging and the core data of individual well include individual well individual-layer data, individual well SEDIMENTARY FACIES ANALYSIS performance data, individual well
Reservoir structure parameter, the reservoir cyclicity of individual well analysis data, the sediment composition of individual well analyze the sedimentary evolution of data, individual well
History data and the paleostructure of individual well restore data；Hydrological data bank includes the anatomical data appeared, the survey data of made ground
With provenance analy~sis data.
3. the deposition analogy method controlled according to claim 1 based on datum level deposition process, it is characterised in that: described
For the of step 2) b) in small step, hydrodynamic model equation is as follows:
Wherein:
The inertia force of unit mass fluid when fluid motion, the component in three reference axis
The unit mass force component of X, Y, Z unit mass fluid
The component in the normal stress direction of unit mass fluid；
P: pressure；
The component (viscous force) of the tangential stress of unit mass fluid, whereinρ: stream
Volume density；μ: flow velocity；υx, υy, υz: flow velocity, the P: the pressure of fluid of unit mass fluid.
4. the deposition analogy method controlled according to claim 1 based on datum level deposition process, it is characterised in that: described
In step 3), if deposit is Cohesive Sediment, i.e. shale, simulated using diffusion equation, formula is as follows:
Wherein:
C: the concentration [kg/m of deposition component3]
U, v, ω: the velocity component [m/s] of water flow
εs,x, εs,y, εs,z: the diffusion coefficient [m of deposition component2/s]
ω s: the sinking speed [m/s] of deposition component
Alternatively, carrying out mould using the settlement function of the deposit of Van Rijn if deposit is non-sticky silt, i.e. two kinds of chiltern
Quasi-, formula is as follows:
Wherein:
ωS, 0: the sinking speed [m/s] of deposition component
S: the relative density ρ of deposition components/ρw
ρs: sediment density；ρw: water body density；
Ds: deposition component representative diameter
υ: the kinematic viscosity [m of water body2/s]
G: acceleration of gravity.
5. the deposition analogy method controlled according to claim 1 based on datum level deposition process, it is characterised in that: described
In step 4), if the elevation of deposit actual surface is greater than the elevation of datum level, deposit degrades phenomenon, degrades speed
Rate are as follows:
Erosional rate
Wherein,
λ: for compensation coefficient,
Hc: the elevation of deposition surface,
Hj: the elevation of datum level,
α: the inclination angle of deposition surface,
β: the inclination angle of datum level；
Denudation is calculated, the thickness of deposit is calculated according to the density of deposit.
6. the deposition analogy method controlled according to claim 1 based on datum level deposition process, it is characterised in that: described
In step 4), if the elevation of deposit actual surface is greater than the elevation less than or equal to datum level, deposit is deposited, and is sunk
Product rate are as follows:
Deposition rate
Wherein,
Coref: for compensation coefficient,
Hc: the elevation of deposition surface,
Hj: the elevation of datum level,
α: the inclination angle of deposition surface,
β: the inclination angle of datum level,
Denudation is calculated, the thickness of deposit is calculated according to the density of deposit.
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