CN106200697B - A kind of radio telescope direction real-time correcting method - Google Patents
A kind of radio telescope direction real-time correcting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106200697B CN106200697B CN201610804741.4A CN201610804741A CN106200697B CN 106200697 B CN106200697 B CN 106200697B CN 201610804741 A CN201610804741 A CN 201610804741A CN 106200697 B CN106200697 B CN 106200697B
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- declination
- right ascension
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- error
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D3/00—Control of position or direction
- G05D3/12—Control of position or direction using feedback
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of radio telescopes to be directed toward real-time correcting method, comprising the following steps: control radio telescope respectively scans to obtain right ascension scan data and declination scan data one radio source in right ascension direction and declination direction at least once；The parameterized model for describing the right ascension scan data and declination scan data, the parameter comprising description error in pointing in the parameter model are constructed based on linear function and Gaussian function；Right ascension scan data and declination scan data are substituted into the parameterized model, the error in pointing of right ascension and declination direction is obtained using fitting algorithm, then convert the error in pointing for obtaining orientation and pitch orientation by coordinate；It is directed toward based on error in pointing control radio telescope amendment, to eliminate the error in pointing.Radio telescope disclosed by the invention, which is directed toward real-time correcting method, can be used for the real-time amendment of radio telescope direction, to eliminate error in pointing in real time, while the speed of service too fast problem in orientation when can solve the high Elevation Scanning under orientation and pitching coordinate system.
Description
Technical field
Modification method is directed toward the present invention relates to radio telescope more particularly to a kind of radio telescope is directed toward amendment side in real time
Method.
Background technique
The position that is actually pointed to when radio telescope observed object is known as relative to the deviation of the theoretical position of observed object
Error in pointing.The electric axis and mechanical axis of radio telescope have stringent orthogonality and coherence request, but due to atmospheric refraction, prestige
The many factors such as the manufacture of remote mirror and rigging error, gravity, wind load and temperature loading effect influence, and will cause telescope and are directed toward mistake
Difference.Pointing accuracy is one of the important indicator for measuring radio telescope performance, and superiority and inferiority not only influences the Single Point Surveying of telescope
Efficiency also will affect into the accuracy of figure observation.In the factor for influencing telescope pointing accuracy, the overwhelming majority has special rule
Rule and repeated feature, the direction model that can use foundation are modified, but there are also factors to have the spy changed at random
Point, such as the hesitation in backlash and structure, temperature and wind etc. can not accurately be described with parameter model, and such factor can generate
Biggish error in pointing, the performance of extreme influence telescope.
Currently, also there is method of the direction of amendment telescope to eliminate error in pointing in the prior art, such as:
[1]Ott M,Witzel A,Quirenbach A,et al.An updated list of radio flux
density calibrators[J].Astronomy&Astrophysics,1994,284:331-339；
[2]Kong Deqing,Wang Songgen,Wang Jinqing,et al.A new calibration
model for pointing a radio telescope that considers nonlinear errors in the
azimuth axis[J].Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics,2014,14(6):733-740.4；
[3] Zhang Juyong large size antenna for radio astronomy structure mechanics analysis and the Beijing error research [D]: country of Chinese Academy of Sciences day
Literary platform, 2006；
[4] Jiang Zhengyang, hole Deqing, Zhang Hongbo wait to consider that the radio telescope of track unevenness is directed toward modification method [J]
Astronomical research and technology, 2015,12 (4): 417-423；
[5] Yu Linfeng, Wang Jinqing, Zhao Rongbing wait foundation [J] Astronomica Sinica of .TM65m radio telescope direction model,
2015,56(2):165-177。
However, these methods in the prior art still have the drawback that
(1) be scanned under orientation and pitching coordinate system, cause it is too fast in the orientation the high elevation angle Shang Shi speed of service, thus
It influences error in pointing to calculate, and does not support to correct in real time.
It (2) is fitting result in the direction model of full pitching and comprehensive upper foundation, on some azimuths and pitch angle
There is biggish error.
(3) only consider error in pointing caused by azimuth axis and track unevenness, do not account for other factors to error in pointing
Influence.
(4) the antenna pointing error model based on least square support vector machines is only proposed, the model is in kernel function and control ginseng
It needs further to study in terms of number selection, the experimental verification of integrated environment influence factor.
For this reason, it may be desirable to a kind of radio telescope direction real-time correcting method be obtained, to correct radio telescope direction in real time
Error, while overcoming above most of disadvantage.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of radio telescopes to be directed toward real-time correcting method, which is directed toward real-time
Modification method can be used for the real-time amendment of radio telescope direction, to eliminate error in pointing in real time.
According to foregoing invention purpose, the invention proposes a kind of radio telescopes to be directed toward real-time correcting method comprising with
Lower step:
Control radio telescope respectively scans to obtain a radio source in right ascension direction and declination direction at least once
Right ascension scan data and declination scan data, wherein right ascension scan data include right ascension direction scanning under right ascension data and its
Corresponding radio source power data, declination scan data include declination data and its corresponding radio under the scanning of declination direction
Source power data；
The first parameterized model for describing the right ascension scan data is constructed based on linear function and Gaussian functionWherein, x1For the right ascension data, y1For x1It penetrates accordingly
Power data, parameter k1For baseline slope, parameter b1For baseline constant, parameter a1For Gaussian function amplitude, parameter m1It is red
Error in pointing through direction, parameter n are Gaussian function half-power beam width；
The second parameterized model for describing the declination scan data is constructed based on linear function and Gaussian functionWherein, x2For the declination data, y2For x2It penetrates accordingly
Power data, parameter k2For baseline slope, parameter b2For baseline constant, parameter a2For Gaussian function amplitude, parameter m2It is red
The error in pointing in latitude direction, parameter n are Gaussian function half-power beam width；
Right ascension scan data is substituted into first parameterized model, and specified k1、b1、a1, n and m1Initial value；It will be red
Latitude scan data substitutes into second parameterized model, and specified k2、b2、a2, n and m2Initial value；It is scanned based on right ascension is substituted into
First parameterized model of data and the second parameterized model for substituting into declination scan data use least square fitting algorithm meter
Calculate parameter m1With parameter m2, to obtain the error in pointing in right ascension direction and the error in pointing in declination direction；
By coordinate conversion by the error in pointing of the error in pointing in right ascension direction and declination direction be converted to azimuth direction and
The error in pointing of pitch orientation, then radio telescope is controlled based on the error in pointing on azimuth direction and pitch orientation, to disappear
Except the error in pointing.
Radio telescope of the present invention is directed toward real-time correcting method, can be used for repairing in real time for radio telescope direction
Just, to eliminate error in pointing in real time.Its principle is: one radio source is scanned in right ascension direction and declination direction respectively, when
For radio telescope there are when error in pointing, right ascension scan data and declination scan data are to have differences under unified coordinate system
's.If the difference can be eliminated, error in pointing can be eliminated.Therefore consider based on linear function and Gaussian function building for describing
The parameterized model of the right ascension scan data and declination scan data, the finger comprising description right ascension direction in the parameterized model
To the parameter of error and the error in pointing in declination direction.Due to the right ascension scan data and declination scanning under unified coordinate system
Data, which are fitted, can eliminate the difference, and error in pointing and the declination direction in right ascension direction are acquired by using approximating method
Error in pointing parameter, then converted by coordinate and be converted to the error in pointing of the error in pointing in right ascension direction and declination direction
The error in pointing of azimuth direction and pitch orientation, the parameter are to characterize the error in pointing of radio telescope.It can based on the parameter
It carries out being directed toward amendment in real time to control radio telescope, to eliminate the error in pointing in real time.
Further, radio telescope of the present invention is directed toward in real-time correcting method, is obtaining right ascension scan data
Data prediction also is carried out to the right ascension scan data and declination scan data later with declination scan data.
Further, above-mentioned radio telescope is directed toward in real-time correcting method, the data prediction include go background,
One of calibration, calibration, interpolation or a variety of processing.
Further, above-mentioned radio telescope is directed toward in real-time correcting method, based on the data pretreatment obtain with
The right ascension scan data and declination scan data of corresponding antenna radiation pattern characterization.
In above scheme, by data prediction, the accuracy and precision for the error in pointing finally sought can be improved.
The body in a coordinate system that the antenna radiation pattern, that is, right ascension scan data and declination scan data are obtained through data prediction
Existing curve graph.
Further, radio telescope of the present invention and above-mentioned is directed toward in real-time correcting method, parameter a1Using y1Most
Big value, parameter a2Using y2Maximum value.
In above scheme, parameter a1Using y1Maximum value, parameter a2Using y2Maximum value is to reduce error of fitting.?
Parameter a is presented as in antenna radiation pattern1With parameter a2Using the peak value of antenna radiation pattern.
Further, radio telescope of the present invention and above-mentioned is directed toward in real-time correcting method, and parameter n is using estimation
Half-power beam width, calculation method such as following formula:
Wherein, λ is the wavelength of the radio source, and D is the diameter of the radio telescope.
Further, radio telescope of the present invention and above-mentioned is directed toward in real-time correcting method, and the scanning is swept
Retouch four times that length is greater than half-power beam width.
Further, radio telescope of the present invention and above-mentioned is directed toward in real-time correcting method, the right ascension direction
It is 500 rads with the sweep length on declination direction, scanning speed is 10 rads/second.
In above scheme, sweep length and scanning speed can be considered simultaneously, and scanning speed is unsuitable too fast, also should not mistake
Slowly.
Radio telescope of the present invention is directed toward real-time correcting method and has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) it can be achieved to be directed toward amendment in real time, to eliminate error in pointing in real time.
(2) horizontal system of coordinates of the celestial coordinate system and radio telescope orientation and pitching constituted due to right ascension and declination is deposited
In a rotation angle, therefore the scanning in right ascension and declination direction can solve the high elevation angle under orientation and pitching coordinate system
When scanning, the speed of service too fast problem in orientation improves pointing accuracy of the radio telescope on high pitch angle.
(3) error in pointing caused by all factors is applied generally to.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that radio telescope of the present invention is directed toward the process signal of real-time correcting method in one embodiment
Figure.
Fig. 2 be radio telescope of the present invention be directed toward real-time correcting method in one embodiment in right ascension side
To with the scanning track schematic diagram on declination direction.
Fig. 3 is that radio telescope of the present invention is directed toward the amendment direction of real-time correcting method in one embodiment
Preceding right ascension scan data and declination scan data schematic diagram with corresponding antenna radiation pattern characterization.
Fig. 4 is that radio telescope of the present invention is directed toward the amendment direction of real-time correcting method in one embodiment
Afterwards with the right ascension scan data and declination scan data schematic diagram of corresponding antenna radiation pattern characterization.
Specific embodiment
Radio telescope of the present invention direction is repaired in real time below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment
Correction method is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 illustrates radio telescope of the present invention and is directed toward the stream of real-time correcting method in one embodiment
Journey.Fig. 2 illustrate radio telescope of the present invention be directed toward real-time correcting method in one embodiment in right ascension side
To with the scanning track on declination direction, wherein abscissa RA/arcsec indicate right ascension data, unit rad, ordinate DEC/
Arcsec indicates declination data, unit rad.Fig. 3 illustrates radio telescope direction real-time correcting method of the present invention and exists
The right ascension scan data and declination scan data that a kind of amendment under embodiment is characterized before being directed toward with corresponding antenna radiation pattern,
Wherein, abscissa RA or DEC/arcsec indicates that right ascension data and declination data sharing, unit rad, ordinate Ta/K indicate
Radio source power data, unit Kelvin.Fig. 4 illustrates radio telescope of the present invention and is directed toward real-time correcting method one
The right ascension scan data and declination scan data that amendment under kind embodiment is characterized after being directed toward with corresponding antenna radiation pattern,
In, abscissa RA or DEC/arcsec indicates right ascension data and declination data sharing, unit rad, and ordinate Ta/K expression is penetrated
Power data, unit Kelvin.
Fig. 2-Fig. 3 is referred to as shown in Figure 1, combining, the radio telescope under the embodiment is directed toward real-time correcting method packet
Include following steps:
Step 110: implementing the step and need to prepare Ku band receiver and continuous spectrum astronomical terminal (usual radio is looked in the distance
Mirror is equipped with high-performance Ku band receiver and continuous spectrum terminal).Change for the gain fluctuation of cancellation receiver and system temperature,
Ku band receiver in the step has periodical rate-aided signal function of injecting.Select flow strong (being greater than 3 Jansky, Karl Guthes), densification
Continuous spectrum point source as radio source, under conditions of weather is fine, open Ku band receiver periodical rate-aided signal, control
Radio telescope processed is according to track shown in Fig. 2 to a radio source in right ascension direction (Fig. 2 middle conductor A) and declination direction (in Fig. 2
Line segment B) each progress single pass observes the right ascension data and declination data of simultaneously writing scan, while being connect using Ku band receiver
The electric signal scanned is received, and by the performance number of astronomical terminal record electric signal, thus obtains right ascension scan data
With declination scan data, wherein right ascension scan data includes the right ascension data under the scanning of right ascension direction and its corresponding radio source
Power data, declination scan data include declination data and its corresponding radio source power data under the scanning of declination direction.
In the step, the sweep length on right ascension direction and declination direction is 500 rads, and scanning speed is 10 rads/second, continuously
Composing the terminal time of integration is 0.2 second, and the time that the scanning on right ascension direction and declination direction is fully completed is about 1 minute.The step
Observing frequency in rapid is 15.75GHz, observation bandwidth 500MHz.
Step 120: also to the right ascension scan data and declination after obtaining right ascension scan data and declination scan data
Scan data carries out data prediction, which includes going background, calibration, calibration and interpolation processing.Such as Fig. 3 institute
Show, the right ascension scan data (curve C in Fig. 3) and declination characterized with corresponding antenna radiation pattern is obtained based on the data prediction
Scan data (curve D in Fig. 3).From figure 3, it can be seen that the antenna radiation pattern scanned along right ascension direction and declination direction
There is larger difference, shows that there are errors for radio telescope direction, this error in pointing is mainly by temperature and the error of direction model
It causes.
Step 130: the first parameter for describing the right ascension scan data is constructed based on linear function and Gaussian function
Change modelWherein, x1For the right ascension data, y1For x1Phase
The radio source power data answered, parameter k1For baseline slope, parameter b1For baseline constant, parameter a1For Gaussian function amplitude, parameter
m1For the error in pointing in right ascension direction, parameter n is Gaussian function half-power beam width；
The second parameterized model for describing the declination scan data is constructed based on linear function and Gaussian functionWherein, x2For the declination data, y2For x2It penetrates accordingly
Power data, parameter k2For baseline slope, parameter b2For baseline constant, parameter a2For Gaussian function amplitude, parameter m2It is red
The error in pointing in latitude direction, parameter n are Gaussian function half-power beam width；
Right ascension scan data is substituted into first parameterized model, and specified k1、b1、a1, n and m1Initial value；It will be red
Latitude scan data substitutes into second parameterized model, and specified k2、b2、a2, n and m2Initial value；It is scanned based on right ascension is substituted into
First parameterized model of data and the second parameterized model for substituting into declination scan data use least square fitting algorithm meter
Calculate parameter m1With parameter m2, to obtain the error in pointing in right ascension direction and the error in pointing in declination direction；
In the step, parameter a1With parameter a2Using the peak value of respective antenna directional diagram, parameter n is using the half-power estimated
Beam angle, calculation method such as following formula:
Wherein, λ is the wavelength of the radio source, and D is the diameter of the radio telescope.
Step 140: the error in pointing of error in pointing and declination direction based on above-mentioned right ascension direction controls radio telescope
Amendment is directed toward, to eliminate above-mentioned error in pointing.In the step, first by the error in pointing side of being converted in right ascension direction and declination direction
The error in pointing of position and pitch orientation, then the error in pointing in the orientation and pitch orientation is updated to Radio Telescope Control Software
In be directed toward in the parameter of revision program accordingly, control radio telescope carry out direction amendment, to eliminate error in pointing.
So far radio telescope under above embodiment, which is directed toward the step of real-time correcting method, terminates.It is complete in above-mentioned steps
Cheng Hou, control radio telescope repeats step 110 and step 120, to examine error in pointing eradicating efficacy.Scanning result such as Fig. 4
It is shown, it characterizes the antenna radiation pattern (curve E in Fig. 4) of right ascension scan data and characterizes the antenna radiation pattern of declination scan data
(curve F in Fig. 4) is almost the same, shows that the method for above-described embodiment has modified the direction of radio telescope in real time, and effectively
Error in pointing is eliminated in real time.
It should be noted that the above list is only specific embodiments of the present invention, it is clear that the present invention is not limited to implement above
Example has many similar variations therewith.If those skilled in the art directly exports or joins from present disclosure
All deformations expected, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of radio telescope is directed toward real-time correcting method, which comprises the following steps:
Control radio telescope respectively scans to obtain right ascension one radio source in right ascension direction and declination direction at least once
Scan data and declination scan data, wherein right ascension scan data includes right ascension data under the scanning of right ascension direction and its corresponding
Radio source power data, declination scan data include declination direction scanning under declination data and its corresponding radio source function
Rate data；
The first parameterized model for describing the right ascension scan data is constructed based on linear function and Gaussian functionWherein, x1For the right ascension data, y1For x1It penetrates accordingly
Power data, parameter k1For baseline slope, parameter b1For baseline constant, parameter a1For Gaussian function amplitude, parameter m1It is red
Error in pointing through direction, parameter n are Gaussian function half-power beam width；
The second parameterized model for describing the declination scan data is constructed based on linear function and Gaussian functionWherein, x2For the declination data, y2For x2It penetrates accordingly
Power data, parameter k2For baseline slope, parameter b2For baseline constant, parameter a2For Gaussian function amplitude, parameter m2It is red
The error in pointing in latitude direction, parameter n are Gaussian function half-power beam width；
Right ascension scan data is substituted into first parameterized model, and specified k1、b1、a1, n and m1Initial value；Declination is swept
It retouches data and substitutes into second parameterized model, and specified k2、b2、a2, n and m2Initial value；Based on substitution right ascension scan data
The first parameterized model and substitute into declination scan data the second parameterized model using least square fitting algorithm calculate ginseng
Number m1With parameter m2, to obtain the error in pointing in right ascension direction and the error in pointing in declination direction；
It is converted by coordinate and the error in pointing of the error in pointing in right ascension direction and declination direction is converted to azimuth direction and pitching
The error in pointing in direction, then radio telescope is controlled based on the error in pointing on azimuth direction and pitch orientation, to eliminate
The error in pointing stated.
2. radio telescope as described in claim 1 is directed toward real-time correcting method, which is characterized in that scan number obtaining right ascension
Data prediction also is carried out to the right ascension scan data and declination scan data later according to declination scan data.
3. radio telescope as claimed in claim 2 is directed toward real-time correcting method, which is characterized in that the data prediction packet
Include one of background, calibration, calibration, interpolation or a variety of processing.
4. radio telescope as claimed in claim 3 is directed toward real-time correcting method, which is characterized in that pre- place based on the data
Reason obtains the right ascension scan data and declination scan data characterized with corresponding antenna radiation pattern.
5. the radio telescope as described in any one of claim 1-4 is directed toward real-time correcting method, which is characterized in that parameter
a1Using y1Maximum value, parameter a2Using y2Maximum value.
6. the radio telescope as described in any one of claim 1-4 is directed toward real-time correcting method, which is characterized in that parameter
Half-power beam width of the n using estimation, calculation method such as following formula:
Wherein, λ is the wavelength of the radio source, and D is the diameter of the radio telescope.
7. the radio telescope as described in any one of claim 1-4 is directed toward real-time correcting method, which is characterized in that described
The sweep length of scanning is greater than four times of half-power beam width.
8. the radio telescope as described in any one of claim 1-4 is directed toward real-time correcting method, which is characterized in that described
Sweep length on right ascension direction and declination direction is 500 rads, and scanning speed is 10 rads/second.
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