CN106199093B - Large-capacity adjustable load device - Google Patents
Large-capacity adjustable load device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106199093B CN106199093B CN201610850087.0A CN201610850087A CN106199093B CN 106199093 B CN106199093 B CN 106199093B CN 201610850087 A CN201610850087 A CN 201610850087A CN 106199093 B CN106199093 B CN 106199093B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
- G01R1/20—Modifications of basic electric elements for use in electric measuring instruments; Structural combinations of such elements with such instruments
- G01R1/203—Resistors used for electric measuring, e.g. decade resistors standards, resistors for comparators, series resistors, shunts
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-capacity adjustable load device which is mainly applied to the technical field of electrical equipment and electrical engineering and comprises a plurality of segmented loads, a plurality of single-pole double-throw switches and two power buses; a plurality of sectional loads are sequentially connected in series to form a series load; two ends and a middle node of the series load are connected to the moving end of the single-pole double-throw switch; two static ends of the single-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to two power supply buses; when the moving end of the single-pole double-throw switch is switched to different static ends, different series-parallel combinations are generated by a plurality of sectional loads to form a multi-gear load gear. The device mainly takes parallel configuration as a main part during heavy load adjustment, and mainly obtains a wider load adjustment range, wherein during heavy load, the load is increased, the impedance value is reduced, the more segmented impedance is input in parallel, and the stronger the current carrying capacity and the temperature rise heat dissipation capacity are; the device mainly adopts series configuration during light load adjustment, and mainly obtains a wider resistance value adjustment range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrical equipment and electrical engineering, in particular to a high-capacity adjustable load device.
Background
Compared with a small-capacity load device, when the large-capacity adjustable load device is designed, the impedance value is considered, and the heat dissipation and temperature rise conditions need to be analyzed in a key way; insulation bearing capacity also needs to be considered when the voltage is higher; when the current is large, the current carrying capacity of a switching contact or a switch also needs to be considered; even because the large-capacity load element is bulky, how to optimize the structure is very important. The small-capacity load device can be conveniently designed into a continuously adjustable or multi-gear adjustable mode, but for the large-capacity adjustable load device, because the voltage is higher and the current is larger, the large-capacity adjustable load device is difficult to be designed into the traditional mechanically adjustable continuous adjustable load device, and in order to improve the reliability and save the cost, the large-capacity adjustable load device is generally designed into the multi-gear adjustable mode.
When the traditional multi-section adjustable load device is designed, the traditional multi-section adjustable load device is generally designed to be in a pure parallel connection or pure series connection mode. The pure series connection type adjustable load device can easily obtain a wider impedance adjusting range, but has serious defects that when the impedance is smaller, the used impedance materials are fewer, and the load is larger, so that the load is extremely unfavorable in terms of current carrying, heat dissipation and temperature rise, and therefore, the pure series connection type adjustable load device has poorer heavy load adjusting capability and is not suitable for large-capacity, especially ultra-large-capacity (1 MVA) adjustable load devices; the pure parallel adjustable load device has the advantages that the larger the load is, the smaller the impedance is, the more the resistance materials are used, the temperature rise and the heat dissipation are facilitated, but the impedance adjusting range is relatively narrow, and the light load adjusting capacity is weaker.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a high-capacity adjustable load device. The device has the advantages of small occupied space, high material utilization rate and good temperature rise and heat dissipation effects, can obtain a larger impedance adjusting range, a larger load adjusting range and a thinner adjusting granularity.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a high-capacity adjustable load device comprises a plurality of segmented loads, a plurality of single-pole double-throw switches and two power buses; the plurality of segmented loads are sequentially connected in series to form a series load; the head end and the tail end of the series load and a node between two sub-section loads in the series load are connected to the moving end of the single-pole double-throw switch, and two static ends of the single-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to different power buses; when the movable end of the single-pole double-throw switch is switched to different static ends, the plurality of segmented loads generate different series-parallel connection combinations to form multi-gear load gears.
Preferably, the adjustable load device further comprises one or two single pole single throw switches; the head end and/or the tail end of the series load are/is connected to one end of the single-pole single-throw switch, and the other end of the single-pole single-throw switch is connected to any power bus.
Preferably, the head end and/or tail end of the series load is directly connected to any one of the power bus bars.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The adjustable load device of the invention uses less impedance materials and switches to realize more impedance combination states, and can be combined into a pure series connection state to obtain a wider impedance adjustment range; or the load adjusting device can be combined into a pure parallel state to obtain a wider load adjusting range; it can even be combined into a series-parallel hybrid state to achieve finer adjustment granularity.
(2) The adjustable load device has the advantages of small occupied space, high material utilization rate and good temperature rise and heat dissipation effects, can obtain a larger impedance adjusting range, can also obtain a larger load adjusting range, and can also obtain a finer adjusting granularity.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, a large-capacity adjustable load device comprises a plurality of sectional loads Z 1 ～Z N A plurality of single-pole double-throw switches K 0 ～K N And two power supply buses A and B; the plurality of segmented loads are sequentially connected in series to form a series load; a head end C and a tail end E of the series load and a node D between the two section loads 1 ～D N-1 The two static ends of the single-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to different power buses; when the moving end of the single-pole double-throw switch is switched to different static ends, the plurality of sectional loads generate different series-parallel combinations to form a multi-gear load gear.
In this embodiment, the load includes an impedance of a resistor, a capacitor, an inductor, or a combination thereof; the power bus may be an ac or dc bus.
In this embodiment, the series configuration is mainly used for light load adjustment, and a wider impedance adjustment range is mainly obtained; during heavy load adjustment, parallel configuration is mainly used, and a wider load adjustment range is mainly obtained; in addition, some intermediate gears can be obtained in a series-parallel mixed configuration mode so as to obtain finer adjustment granularity; when the load is heavily loaded, the load is increased, the impedance value is reduced, the more the segmented impedance is put into parallel connection, and the current carrying capacity and the temperature rise heat dissipation capacity are enhanced.
Example 2
As shown in FIG. 2, a large capacity adjustable load device comprises a plurality of sectional loads Z 1 ～Z N A plurality of single-pole double-throw switches K 1 ～K N-1 Two single-pole single-throw switches K 0 And K N And two power supply buses A and B; the plurality of segmented loads are sequentially connected in series to form a series load; the head end C and the tail end E of the series load are respectively connected to one end of a single-pole single-throw switch, and the other end of the single-pole single-throw switch is connected to any power bus; node D between two segment loads in series load 1 ～D N-1 The two static ends of the single-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to different power buses; when the moving end of the single-pole double-throw switch is switched to different static ends, the plurality of sectional loads generate different series-parallel combinations to form a multi-gear load gear.
In this embodiment, the load includes an impedance of a resistor, a capacitor, an inductor, or a combination thereof; the power bus comprises an alternating current or direct current bus.
The beneficial effects of this example are the same as example 1.
Example 3
As shown in FIG. 3, a large capacity adjustable load device comprises a plurality of sectional loads Z 1 ～Z N A plurality of single-pole double-throw switches K 1 ～K N-1 And two power supply buses A and B; the plurality of segmented loads are sequentially connected in series to form a series load; the head end C and the tail end E of the series load are respectively and directly connected to any power supply bus, and two parts of the series load are connectedNode D between segment loads 1 ～D N-1 The two static ends of the single-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to different power buses; when the moving end of the single-pole double-throw switch is switched to different static ends, the plurality of sectional loads generate different series-parallel combinations to form a multi-gear load gear.
In this embodiment, the load includes an impedance of a resistor, a capacitor, an inductor, or a combination thereof; the power bus comprises an alternating current or direct current bus.
The beneficial effects of this example are the same as example 1.
In the above embodiments, only the head end and the tail end of the serial load are connected to the power bus in the same manner, and obviously, the head end and the tail end of the serial load may also be connected to the power bus in different manners.
The following embodiments are further detailed to illustrate the present invention based on the networking of example 1. To illustrate the device features more intuitively and concisely, assume Z 1 ～Z N Is a pure resistive load element, and the three states of the switch switching are assumed as follows: the A-switch is switched to the static end of the connecting bus A, the B-switch is switched to the static end of the connecting bus B, and the NA-switch is disconnected and is not closed to the static end.
The first embodiment is as follows:
let N =5 perform the analysis. Suppose Z 1 ～Z 5 Is a noninductive resistor integrally continuously double-wound or reciprocatingly wound by a single resistor material, and taps are uniformly distributed in the middle, i.e. the resistance values are respectively Z 1 ＝Z 2 ＝Z 3 ＝Z 4 ＝Z 5 The allowed power of the resistor with 5 segments is U 2 /R, switch K 0 The head end is directly connected with the A bus.
The effective resistance steps and corresponding switch states of the adjustable load device are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
The beneficial effect of this scheme does:
(1) By using 5 sections of resistors and 5 switches, 15 resistor gears can be combined, the range is 0.2R-5R, and the maximum multiplier difference is 5R/0.2R =25.
(2) The resistor is continuously wound by using a single material, taps are uniformly distributed in the middle, and the resistor is simple in structure, low in cost and simple to maintain.
(3) All the switch capacities are consistent, and only 2/5 of rated capacity is needed, so that the cost is saved, and the space occupation is reduced.
(4) When the load is heavy, the smaller the resistance is, the larger the load is, the more the resistance material is put into use, the high material utilization rate is achieved, the superior temperature rise heat dissipation condition is achieved, and the load is suitable for being designed into an ultra-high power load.
(5) As long as the external voltage does not exceed the rated voltage, the current on any section of resistor cannot exceed the rated current by any switching of the switch, and the method is safe and reliable.
The concrete case is as follows: in an overload test system of a certain breaker, the rated voltage of a bus is 1000VDC, the test energizing time is 200ms, R =0.5 omega, and the used effective resistance/load gear is shown in the table 2.
TABLE 2
Embodiment two:
let N =6 to analyze. Suppose Z X A non-inductive resistor wound in a double winding or reciprocating manner and having a resistance value R and an allowable power U 2 /R；Z 1 、Z 2 、Z 3 Respectively using four Z X Parallel resistors (also conductor material, length and Z) X Same, but the conductor cross-sectional area is Z X 4 times resistance) of Z), a resistance value of Z 1 ＝Z 2 ＝Z 3 ＝R/4；Z 4 、Z 5 、Z 6 By a single Z X Resistance of resistance value Z 4 ＝Z 4 ＝Z 5 = R; switch K 0 The head end is directly connected with the A bus.
The effective resistance steps and corresponding switch states of the adjustable load device are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
The scheme has the following beneficial effects:
(1) Only one resistance material is used, the cost is low, and the maintenance is simple.
(2) When the load is heavy, the larger the load is, the smaller the resistance is, the more the resistance material is put into use, the material utilization rate is high, the temperature rise heat dissipation condition is superior, and the load is suitable for being designed into an ultra-high power load.
(3) As long as the external voltage does not exceed the rated voltage, the current on any section of resistor cannot exceed the rated current by any switching of the switch, and the method is safe and reliable.
(4) Equal 15-gear resistance (light load adjustment) can be obtained only by a pure series connection method, and equal 15-gear load (heavy load adjustment) can be obtained only by a pure parallel connection method; the adjustable range of the resistance is 1/15R-15/4R, and the maximum multiple difference is (15/4R)/(1/15R) =56.25.
The concrete case is as follows: in the overload test system of a certain breaker, the rated voltage of a bus is 1000VDC, the test energization time is 100ms, R =1 omega, and the used effective resistance gears are shown in the table 4.
TABLE 4
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A high-capacity adjustable load device comprises a plurality of segmented loads, a plurality of single-pole double-throw switches and two power buses; the method is characterized in that: the plurality of segmented loads are sequentially connected in series to form a series load; the two ends of the series load and the node between the two subsection loads are connected to the moving end of the single-pole double-throw switch, and the two static ends of the single-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to different power buses; when the movable end of the single-pole double-throw switch is switched to different static ends, the plurality of segmented loads generate different series-parallel connection combinations to form multi-gear load gears.
2. The high capacity adjustable load device of claim 1, wherein:
one or two single-pole single-throw switches; the head end and/or the tail end of the series load are/is connected to one end of the single-pole single-throw switch, and the other end of the single-pole single-throw switch is connected to any power bus.
3. The high capacity adjustable load device of claim 1, wherein:
the head end and/or tail end of the series load is directly connected to any one power bus.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610850087.0A CN106199093B (en) | 2016-09-26 | 2016-09-26 | Large-capacity adjustable load device |
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| CN201610850087.0A CN106199093B (en) | 2016-09-26 | 2016-09-26 | Large-capacity adjustable load device |
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| CN106199093B true CN106199093B (en) | 2022-12-06 |
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| CN116500322A (en) * | 2023-06-27 | 2023-07-28 | 艾德克斯电子（南京）有限公司 | Programmable high-power resistive load device and test cabinet thereof |
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2016
- 2016-09-26 CN CN201610850087.0A patent/CN106199093B/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001169539A (en) * | 1999-12-06 | 2001-06-22 | Oem Kk | Active feedback chopper circuit and voltage adjusting using the same |
| CN101630869A (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2010-01-20 | 天津大学 | Super capacitor control circuit as power supply |
| CN102680796A (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2012-09-19 | 江南大学 | Resistor measuring device by using method of equal effects |
| CN203396800U (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2014-01-15 | 贵州凯阳航空发动机有限公司 | 8421 code load circuit loaded with load case |
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