CN106197655B - A method of distinguishing true and false bat vibration - Google Patents
A method of distinguishing true and false bat vibration Download PDFInfo
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- CN106197655B CN106197655B CN201610601288.7A CN201610601288A CN106197655B CN 106197655 B CN106197655 B CN 106197655B CN 201610601288 A CN201610601288 A CN 201610601288A CN 106197655 B CN106197655 B CN 106197655B
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- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
Abstract
The true and false method for clapping vibration is distinguished the present invention relates to a kind of, 1) it is the following steps are included: clearly differentiate the substantive characteristics for clapping vibration wave；2) spectrum analysis is carried out to the doubtful waveform signal for clapping vibration wave, determines the frequency and amplitude of the waveform；3) according to result of spectrum analysis and its time domain waveform, identification is compared according to the bat vibration wave substantive characteristics in step 1), steps are as follows for its identification: if (1) only one frequency high point of the waveform, which is not to clap vibration wave, next step on the contrary；(2) if the waveform is there are two above frequency high point or high point group, enter in next step, otherwise, which is not to clap vibration wave；(4) the difference DELTA f for successively calculating two neighbouring high dot frequencies or high point group frequency, such as wherein there is a Δ f ≈ 1/Tb, then the waveform is to clap vibration wave, claps vibration wave frequency fb=Δ f；Otherwise, such as Δ f ≠ 1/Tb, which is not real bat vibration wave.The present invention can distinguish true and false bat vibration wave, formulate the stable operation measure more suited the medicine to the illness.
Description
Technical field
The true and false method for clapping vibration is distinguished the present invention relates to a kind of, especially with regard to one kind in vibration or pressure fluctuation field
The true and false method for clapping vibration of the difference used.
Background technique
Currently, often can be potentially encountered various vibrations in the operation in power station, pump works and all kinds of rotating machineries
The wild effects such as dynamic, pressure fluctuation, clapping vibration phenomenon is exactly one of them.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, as two forcing frequency f1、f2(f1<f2) relatively when, and two vibration amplitudes also phase
When difference is little or equal, bat vibration phenomenon as shown in Figure 3 is generated, and obtain the frequency spectrum of bat vibration wave as shown in Figure 4, clap vibration frequency
fb(abbreviation beat frequency claps vibration cycle TbInverse) be two forcing frequencies difference Δ f=f2-f1, the conjunction vibration frequency f of beat frequencyi
For the half of the sum of two frequencies, i.e. fi=(f1+f2)÷2.When occurring to clap vibration, beat amplitude value may be two frequency amplitudes
Algebraical sum, small vibration when can generate big when amplitude (or pulsation) phenomenon is often accompanied by the serious noise similar to " asthma ", belongs to
In one of more serious wild effect.Therefore, everybody pays much attention to vibration phenomenon is clapped, and makes great efforts to avoid or mitigate the danger for clapping vibration
Evil.
It is more complicated to clap vibration phenomenon, it is not also very clear with comprehensively that we, which recognize it, and there are also specious
Phenomenon and bat vibration phenomenon are much like, it is possible to by mistake as phenomenon of shaking is clapped, influence us to the understanding of these phenomenons and divide
Analysis, it is possible to mislead in terms of formulating solution, lead to the result of mistake.It is reported that at least there are two types of vibration or pressures
Power fluctuating signal is possible to that bat is taken as to shake: one is the 1/2 of the signal frequency approach signal frequency acquisition waveform formed and bat
The similar waveform of vibration wave, as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6；The second is carrier wave of the high-frequency signal on low frequency signal, as shown in Figure 9, Figure 10.
Both waveforms and the waveform comparison for clapping vibration wave are close, but are not real bat vibration waves.Therefore, being can be from various class
Vibration wave is really clapped like distinguishing in waveform, reaches the purpose eliminated the false and retained the true, it is necessary to invent a kind of technology, reject false bat vibration
Wave only retains vibration or the pressure fluctuation waveform for clapping vibration wave, in order to the formulation corresponding measure shot the arrow at the target, eliminates or mitigates and clap
Vibration influences, and guarantees equipment stable operation.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, distinguishing the true and false method for clapping vibration the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of, true and false bat can be distinguished
Vibration wave formulates the stable operation measure more suited the medicine to the illness, and ensure equipment operation stablizes safety.
To achieve the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a method of true and false bat vibration being distinguished, feature exists
In: 1) it is the following steps are included: clearly differentiate the substantive characteristics for clapping vibration wave；2) frequency spectrum is carried out to the doubtful waveform signal for clapping vibration wave
Analysis, determines the frequency and amplitude of the waveform；3) it according to result of spectrum analysis and its time domain waveform, shakes according to the bat in step 1)
Wave substantive characteristics is compared identification.
Preferably, in the step 1), clap the substantive characteristics of vibration wave: (1) the most substantive characteristics for clapping vibration wave is fluctuation amplitude
When it is big when small, and cyclically-varying, be totally rendered as sugarcoated haws shape waveform；(2) clapping vibration wave must be two close frequencies fluctuations
Composite wave；(3) fft analysis, the bat vibration frequency f of the bat vibration wave of two fluctuation synthesis are carried out to waveformbShould be two frequencies it
Absolute value of the difference, i.e. fb=| f2-f1|。
Preferably, in the step 3), steps are as follows for specific identification: (1) clapping vibration wave time-domain curve to class and measure
It calculates, determines time t at the amplitude minimum of curve left end respectively1, time t at right end amplitude minimum2And t1To t2Between calabash shaped waveform
Number n, calculate the time difference Δ t=t between two time points2-t1, and possible bat vibration wave cycle T is determined in turnb=Δ t/
n；(2) to waveform carry out spectrum analysis, judge the waveform whether only one frequency high point, if only one frequency of the waveform
High point, then the waveform is not to clap vibration wave, otherwise, is carried out in next step；(3) judging the waveform, whether there are two above frequency high points
Or high point group enters step (4) if there are two above frequency high point or high point groups for the waveform, otherwise, which is false
Clap vibration wave；(4) the difference DELTA f for successively calculating two neighbouring high dot frequencies or high point group frequency, such as wherein there is a Δ f ≈ 1/
Tb, then the waveform is to clap vibration wave, claps vibration wave frequency fb=Δ f；Otherwise, which is not real bat vibration wave.
Preferably, in the step 3) in step (2), only one frequency high point of the waveform is adopted if the frequency dividing is close
Collect the 1/2 of frequency, then collected waveform can generate class and clap vibration wave, for it is a kind of it is false clap vibration wave, need to by improve frequency acquisition come
Avoid the generation of the waveform.
The invention adopts the above technical scheme, which has the following advantages: 1, the present invention is clapping essence of phenomena feature of shaking
On the basis of, it analyzes two kinds and false claps vibrating wave signal features and spectrum analysis feature, it is indicated that they and true vibration wave of clapping
Essential distinction, to show the reliability of the discriminating conduct.2, the present invention is using the method for distinguishing true and false bat vibration, step letter
Single, practical, strong operability.3, the present invention can be applied to the vibration and pressure of hydraulic using the true and false method for clapping vibration is distinguished
The false discrimination and rejecting for clapping vibration signal in the analysis of power fluctuation measurement, can also be in classes such as vibration, the throws of other rotating machineries
Like being widely applied in cyclical signal analysis field.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the sine waveform figure that frequency is 30Hz in the prior art, amplitude is 1；
Fig. 2 is the sine waveform figure that frequency is 34Hz in the prior art, amplitude is 1；
Fig. 3 is the bat vibration wave waveform diagram of two sine waves of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 synthesis；
Fig. 4 is the result of spectrum analysis of Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is that frequency is 126Hz standard sine wave in the prior art, the wave of acquisition and recording when frequency acquisition is 256Hz
Shape figure；
Fig. 6 is the result of spectrum analysis of Fig. 5；
Fig. 7 is that frequency is 126Hz standard sine wave in the prior art, the wave of acquisition and recording when frequency acquisition is 512Hz
Shape figure；
Fig. 8 is that frequency is 126Hz standard sine wave in the prior art, the wave of acquisition and recording when frequency acquisition is 1024Hz
Shape figure；
Fig. 9 is certain Pressure Pulsation for Francis Turbine time-domain curve in the prior art；
Figure 10 is the spectrum curve of Fig. 9 pressure fluctuation test result analysis.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
The present invention is based on to the understanding for clapping vibration essence of phenomena feature, the Bu Tong special of vibration wave is clapped according to vibration wave and two kinds of vacations are clapped
Point determines the bat vibration wave of necessary being, proposes waveform and analysis method that spectrum analysis combines distinguishes true and false bat vibration,
Foundation is:
1) in pressure fluctuation (or vibration) signal, waveform is similar with true vibration wave shape of clapping, substantially high-frequency pressure
The carrier wave phenomenon of pulsation and low frequency pulsation superposition synthesis；For example, Fig. 9, pressure fluctuation signal shown in Fig. 10, waveform and
True bat vibration wave shown in FIG. 1 is closely similar, with fft analysis spectrum curve, it was found that two high fdrequency component f1=78.7Hz and f2
=87.4Hz, if the waveform is the bat vibration wave of two high fdrequency components synthesis, clapping vibration frequency should be Δ f=f2-f1=8.7Hz,
But within the 8s time, which has nearly 55 classes to clap vibration wave, frequency fL≈ 6.85Hz, with low frequency pulsation fL=6.8Hz
(i.e. vortex rope frequency) closely, i.e. carrier wave of the high fdrequency component on low frequency component, rather than really clap vibration wave.
2) in the cyclic fluctuation signal of acquisition vibration or pressure fluctuation, if signal frequency is close to the 1/ of frequency acquisition
When 2, even if signal is the frequency-modulated wave of single-frequency, collected signal waveform is as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, shows and claps vibration wave
More similar class claps vibration wave.
Therefore, when pressure fluctuation or vibration signal are acquired and are analyzed, when in time-domain curve and Fig. 3 compare phase
As class when clapping vibration wave (i.e. whole is in sugarcoated haws shape, amplitude cyclically-varying), identification should be distinguished.
The present invention provides a kind of method for distinguishing true and false bat vibration, the specific steps of which are as follows:
1) differentiate the substantive characteristics for clapping vibration wave:
(1) small when clapping big when the most substantive characteristics of vibration wave is fluctuation amplitude, and cyclically-varying, totally it is rendered as sugarcoated haws
Shape waveform；
(2) clapping vibration wave must be two close frequencies (i.e. f1、f2) fluctuation composite wave；
(3) fft analysis, the bat vibration frequency f of the bat vibration wave of two fluctuation synthesis are carried out to waveformbIt should be the difference of two frequencies
Absolute value, i.e. fb=| f2-f1|；
2) spectrum analysis is carried out to the doubtful waveform signal for clapping vibration wave, determines the frequency and amplitude of the waveform；
3) according to result of spectrum analysis and its time domain waveform, mirror is compared according to the bat vibration wave substantive characteristics in step 1)
Not, steps are as follows for specific identification:
(1) vibration wave time-domain curve is clapped to class and measures calculating, determine time t at the amplitude minimum of curve left end respectively1, it is right
Hold time t at amplitude minimum2And t1To t2Between calabash shaped waveform number n, calculate the time difference Δ t=t at two time points2-t1,
And then it determines and claps vibration wave cycle Tb=Δ t/n；
(2) to waveform carry out spectrum analysis, judge the waveform whether only one frequency high point, if the waveform only has one
A frequency high point, then the waveform is not to clap vibration wave, otherwise, is carried out in next step；
(3) judging the waveform, whether there are two above frequency high point or high point groups, if there are two the waveforms above
Frequency high point or high point group, then enter step (4), and otherwise, which is false bat vibration wave；Wherein, if it is high point group, then with this
High dot frequency of the highest frequency as the high point group in group；
(4) the difference DELTA f for successively calculating two neighbouring high dot frequencies or high point group frequency, such as wherein there is a Δ f ≈ 1/
Tb, then the waveform is to clap vibration wave, claps vibration wave frequency fb=Δ f；Otherwise, which is not real bat vibration wave.
Above-mentioned steps 3) in step (2) in, only one frequency high point of the waveform, if the frequency dividing is close to frequency acquisition
1/2, even the frequency-modulated wave of standard, collected waveform can also generate class and clap vibration wave, this be it is a kind of it is false clap vibration wave, need to lead to
Cross the generation for improving frequency acquisition to avoid the waveform；For example, false vibration wave of clapping is as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, tuning wave frequency rate is
126Hz, frequency acquisition 256Hz, improve frequency acquisition, and frequency is similarly the frequency-modulated wave of 126Hz；If frequency acquisition is
512Hz, waveform is as shown in fig. 7, bat vibration wave feature is unobvious；If frequency acquisition is 1024Hz, waveform such as Fig. 8 institute
Show, may not be regarded as clapping vibration wave.Therefore, improving frequency acquisition can avoid the similar false generation for clapping vibration wave.
Above-mentioned steps 3) in step (4) in, the hydraulic turbine pressure fluctuation test in, encounter Fig. 9, wave shown in Fig. 10
Shape belongs to so-called " the class bat vibration wave " really occurred, Δ f ≠ 1/Tb, it is not real bat vibration wave, if taking draft tube vortex rope frequency
Rate is fL, then fL≈1/Tb, this illustrates that the waveform is the high frequency carrier on draft tube vortex rope frequency base, need to take and be different from
The vibration reducing measure for clapping vibration wave goes to prevent.
The various embodiments described above are merely to illustrate the present invention, and structure and size, setting position and the shape of each component are all can be with
It is varied, based on the technical solution of the present invention, the improvement and wait that all principles according to the present invention carry out individual part
With transformation, should not exclude except protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. it is a kind of distinguish it is true and false clap vibration method, it is characterised in that: it the following steps are included:
1) clearly differentiate the substantive characteristics for clapping vibration wave；
2) spectrum analysis is carried out to the doubtful waveform signal for clapping vibration wave, determines the frequency and amplitude of the waveform；
3) according to result of spectrum analysis and its time domain waveform, identification is compared according to the bat vibration wave substantive characteristics in step 1)；
Steps are as follows for specific identification:
(1) vibration wave time-domain curve is clapped to class and measures calculating, determine time t at the amplitude minimum of curve left end respectively1, right end width
Time t at value minimum2And t1To t2Between calabash shaped waveform number n, calculate the time difference Δ t=t between two time points2-t1, and
And then determine possible bat vibration wave cycle Tb=Δ t/n；
(2) to waveform carry out spectrum analysis, judge the waveform whether only one frequency high point, if the waveform only one frequency
Rate high point, then the waveform is not to clap vibration wave, otherwise, is carried out in next step；
(3) judging the waveform, whether there are two above frequency high point or high point groups, if there are two above frequencies for the waveform
High point or high point group, then enter step (4), and otherwise, which is false bat vibration wave；
(4) the difference DELTA f for successively calculating two neighbouring high dot frequencies or high point group frequency, such as wherein there is a Δ f ≈ 1/Tb, then
The waveform is to clap vibration wave, claps vibration wave frequency fb=Δ f；Otherwise, which is not real bat vibration wave.
2. a kind of method for distinguishing true and false bat vibration as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step 1), clap vibration wave
Substantive characteristics:
(1) small when clapping big when the most substantive characteristics of vibration wave is fluctuation amplitude, and cyclically-varying, totally it is rendered as sugarcoated haws shape wave
Shape；
(2) composite wave that vibration wave must be the fluctuation of two close frequencies is clapped；
(3) fft analysis, the bat vibration frequency f of the bat vibration wave of two fluctuation synthesis are carried out to waveformbIt should be the exhausted of the difference of two frequencies
To value, i.e. fb=| f2-f1|。
3. a kind of method for distinguishing true and false bat vibration as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (2) in the step 3)
In, only one frequency high point of the waveform, if frequency dividing is close to the 1/2 of frequency acquisition, collected waveform can generate class bat
Vibration wave need to avoid the generation of the waveform by improving frequency acquisition for a kind of false bat vibration wave.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS51144677A (en) * | 1975-06-08 | 1976-12-11 | Seiji Bansho | Electromagnetic driving plane plate x- shaped beat vibrator |
| CN105067105A (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2015-11-18 | 西安交通大学 | Kinetic parameter identification method utilizing rotary machine start and stop transient signal feature |
| CN105222950A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-01-06 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of differentiating method of true and false frequency multiplication pressure fluctuation signal |
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2016
- 2016-07-27 CN CN201610601288.7A patent/CN106197655B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS51144677A (en) * | 1975-06-08 | 1976-12-11 | Seiji Bansho | Electromagnetic driving plane plate x- shaped beat vibrator |
| CN105067105A (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2015-11-18 | 西安交通大学 | Kinetic parameter identification method utilizing rotary machine start and stop transient signal feature |
| CN105222950A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-01-06 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of differentiating method of true and false frequency multiplication pressure fluctuation signal |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| CSP轧机扭振中"伪拍振"的研究;王永涛 等;《振动、测试与诊断》;20090630;第29卷(第2期);第209-213页 |
| 航空发动机双转子系统的拍振分析;韩军 等;《航空学报》;20071130;第28卷(第6期);第1369-1373页 |
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