CN106197545B - Plant population's structural analysis apparatus and method - Google Patents
Plant population's structural analysis apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106197545B CN106197545B CN201610586979.4A CN201610586979A CN106197545B CN 106197545 B CN106197545 B CN 106197545B CN 201610586979 A CN201610586979 A CN 201610586979A CN 106197545 B CN106197545 B CN 106197545B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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Abstract
The present invention provides a plant population structural analysis device and method, device includes：Seeding row spacing adjusts unit, field conditions construction unit, three-dimensional scanning unit and light distribution measuring unit；Seeding row spacing adjusts unit and is used to carry out seeding row spacing adjusting to the plant population of pending structural analysis；Field conditions construction unit is used to build calm field conditions for the plant population of pending structural analysis；Three-dimensional scanning unit is used to carry out 3-D scanning to the plant population of pending structural analysis after seeding row spacing adjusting unit is adjusted to preset seeding row spacing and field conditions construction unit builds calm field conditions；Light distribution measuring unit is used to adjust the light distribution data for the plant population that pending structural analysis is obtained after unit is adjusted to preset seeding row spacing in seeding row spacing.Device provided by the invention can realize different densities, the rapid build of different cultivars plant population and building for calm field conditions, and then obtain accurate plant population's results of structural analysis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology fields, and in particular to a plant population structural analysis apparatus and method.
Background technology
Crop groups are the organizational frameworks for fulfiling photosynthesis and substance production function, and morphosis intercepts and captures energy to light
Power, canopy photosynthesis efficiency and crop yield all have great influence.Meanwhile group structure also embodies the heredity of crop varieties
Characteristic and its adaptedness to environment, under the influence of h and E factor, space-variant when crop groups morphosis has
It is anisotropic.Corn is one of most important cereal crops in China, and yield potential is huge.Developing one kind can be quickly to maize population structure
The method and apparatus analyzed further passes through improvement group structure for understanding, analysis and evaluation crop groups production
Crop-producing power is improved to be of great significance.
It is usually that its morphosis is measured and parsed for maize population structural analysis, such as in target group
Each plant, the parameters such as each internode length, the leaf length of each blade, leaf width in each plant position of manual measurement, plant height and plant；Or it adopts
Three-dimensional digital is carried out to plant forms with 3D digitizer, and combines the geometry mould of Geometric Modeling Method generation maize population
Type realizes the measurement and analysis of maize population structure.
For maize population structural analysis, the experiment of different densities need to be carried out, thus need to plant multiple cells and
Each minizone moves back and forth, and analysis efficiency is low, and is easily led to problems such as precision low by external environmental interference under field conditions, such as exists
Field directly acquires maize population point cloud by 3-D scanning can be influenced to generate much noise point by gentle breeze.
Invention content
For the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a plant population structural analysis apparatus and method, Neng Goushi
Existing different densities, the rapid build of different cultivars plant population and building for calm field conditions, and then can obtain more
Accurate plant population results of structural analysis.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a plant population structural analysis devices, including：Seeding row spacing adjusts unit, field
Between environment construction unit, three-dimensional scanning unit and light distribution measuring unit；
The seeding row spacing adjusts unit and is used to carry out seeding row spacing adjusting to the plant population of pending structural analysis；
It includes row space regulator and row spacing adjuster that the seeding row spacing, which adjusts unit, and the row space regulator includes a plurality of flat
Capable sliding bar；The row spacing adjuster includes multiple slide trays for placing plant, and the slide tray is located at described
On sliding bar, the spacing in the rows for adjusting plant；
The field conditions construction unit is used to build calm field conditions for the plant population of pending structural analysis；
The field conditions construction unit includes push-and-pull canopy, and the push-and-pull canopy is for being pending 3-D scanning upon deployment
Plant population build calm field conditions；
The three-dimensional scanning unit, which is used to adjust unit in the seeding row spacing, is adjusted to preset seeding row spacing and the field
Between 3-D scanning is carried out to the plant population of pending structural analysis after the good calm field conditions of environment construction cell formation；
The light distribution measuring unit is used to adjust to obtain after unit is adjusted to preset seeding row spacing in the seeding row spacing and wait for
Carry out the light distribution data of the plant population of structural analysis.
Optionally, the seeding row spacing adjusting unit further includes：Pedestal；
The pedestal includes level board and a plurality of base track being mutually parallel；
The row space regulator is located on the pedestal, and the sliding bar is vertical in the horizontal plane with the base track
Relationship.
Optionally, scale marker is carried on the sliding bar.
Optionally, the row spacing adjuster further includes：A plurality of moveable traction cross bar disposed in parallel；The traction is horizontal
Bar setting is vertically arranged on sliding bar and in the horizontal plane with sliding bar；
Correspondingly, the side of the slide tray is provided with support tray hanging hook, and the support tray hanging hook is for hanging slide tray
It is connected on the traction cross bar.
Optionally, the push-and-pull canopy includes that can control flexible ceiling, several holders for being used to support ceiling, be located at branch
The push-and-pull pulley of frame bottom, the sliding rail adaptable with push-and-pull pulley and positioned at holder surrounding can stretch up and down keep out the wind
Piece.
Optionally, the push-and-pull canopy includes the first side and second side being oppositely arranged, wherein first side is to fix
Side, second side are that can push and pull side.
Optionally, the push-and-pull canopy includes the first side and second side being oppositely arranged, wherein first side and second
Side is that can push and pull side.
Optionally, the area when ceiling is unfolded is 4~6 times of plant population floor space to be analyzed.
Optionally, the blinker includes keep out the wind cloth and/or wind shield.
Second aspect, the present invention also provides a kind of plant population's structures based on above-mentioned plant population's structural analysis device
Analysis method, including：
Plant in the plant population of pending structural analysis is arranged on slide tray one by one, adjust sliding bar and
Slide tray is to meet preset line-spacing and spacing in the rows；
By push-and-pull canopy expansion to cover the plant population of pending structural analysis, obtained using three-dimensional scanning unit pending
The three dimensional point cloud of the plant population of structural analysis；
Push-and-pull canopy is packed up, so that the plant population of pending structural analysis is exposed under natural light environment, using light point
Cloth measuring unit obtains the light distribution data of the plant population of pending structural analysis.
As shown from the above technical solution, plant population's structural analysis device provided by the invention is adjusted single by seeding row spacing
Member, rapid build different densities, different cultivars plant population；By field conditions construction unit, calm field can be built
Between environment, provide condition to obtain accurate 3 d scan data；By three-dimensional scanning unit, may be implemented to pending
The 3-D scanning of the plant population of structural analysis；By light distribution measuring unit, the plant to pending structural analysis may be implemented
The acquisition of the light distribution data of group of hill body.The plant population's structural analysis device provided through the invention, can it is more convenient and
Accurately obtain different densities, different cultivars plant population three dimensional point cloud and light distribution measurement data.The present invention
The three dimensional point cloud and light distribution data of plant population, and integrated use plant are obtained with plant population's structural analysis device
The three dimensional point cloud and light distribution data of group carry out the quantitative analysis of Plant population structure, improve traditional analysis
The problems such as the degree of automation is poor, efficiency is low, heavy workload enriches the technological means of plant population morphosis analysis.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is the present invention
Some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
These attached drawings obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that the seeding row spacing that the embodiment of the present invention one provides adjusts unit；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram for the field conditions construction unit that the embodiment of the present invention one provides；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of plant population's structure analysis method provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention；
In Fig. 1~Fig. 2,1 indicates pedestal；2 indicate base track；3 indicate sliding bar；4 indicate slide tray；5 indicate support
Disk is linked up with；6 indicate traction cross bar；7 indicate pedestal support；8 indicate plant；9 indicate plant population；10 indicate sliding rail；11
Indicate the second side (can push and pull) of push-and-pull canopy；12 indicate the first side (fixation) of push-and-pull canopy；13 indicate push-and-pull pulley；14 tables
Show ceiling；15 indicate holder；16 indicate blinker.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete description, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
The every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention one provides a plant population structural analysis device, including：
Seeding row spacing adjusts unit, field conditions construction unit, three-dimensional scanning unit and light distribution measuring unit；
The seeding row spacing adjusts unit and is used to carry out seeding row spacing adjusting to the plant population of pending structural analysis；
It includes row space regulator and row spacing adjuster that the seeding row spacing, which adjusts unit, and the row space regulator includes a plurality of flat
Capable sliding bar；The row spacing adjuster includes multiple slide trays for placing plant, and the slide tray is located at described
On sliding bar, the spacing in the rows for adjusting plant；
The field conditions construction unit is used to build calm field conditions for the plant population of pending structural analysis；
The field conditions construction unit includes push-and-pull canopy, and the push-and-pull canopy is for being pending 3-D scanning upon deployment
Plant population build calm field conditions；
The three-dimensional scanning unit, which is used to adjust unit in the seeding row spacing, is adjusted to preset seeding row spacing and the field
Between 3-D scanning is carried out to the plant population of pending structural analysis after the good calm field conditions of environment construction cell formation；
The light distribution measuring unit is used to adjust to obtain after unit is adjusted to preset seeding row spacing in the seeding row spacing and wait for
Carry out the light distribution data of the plant population of structural analysis.
Plant population's structural analysis device provided in this embodiment adjusts unit by seeding row spacing and plant spacing may be implemented
Quick adjusting.In addition, the rapid build of different cultivars plant population can also be realized by adjusting unit by seeding row spacing.In addition,
Calm field conditions can be provided for the plant population of pending structural analysis by field conditions construction unit, convenient for obtaining
Without the three dimensional point cloud of noise.
For example, field corn plant can be taken out dress basin with main root system, and blinding suitably waters, and is placed on the dress
On the level tray set, using row space regulator and row spacing adjuster member, realize specified density maize population structure with quickly
Regulation and control.Further, it is also possible to be unfolded to push and pull canopy, to build calm field conditions, and then maize population is obtained without noise information
Three dimensional point cloud.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that seeding row spacing adjusts unit, and Fig. 2 is field conditions construction unit
Structural schematic diagram.In Fig. 1~Fig. 2,1 indicates pedestal；2 indicate base track；3 indicate sliding bar；4 indicate slide tray；5 indicate
Support tray hanging hook；6 indicate traction cross bar；7 indicate pedestal support；8 indicate plant；9 indicate plant population；10 indicate sliding rail；
11 indicate the second side (can push and pull) of push-and-pull canopy；12 indicate the first side (fixation) of push-and-pull canopy；13 indicate push-and-pull pulley；14
Indicate ceiling；15 indicate holder；16 indicate blinker.
Optionally, the seeding row spacing adjusting unit further includes：Pedestal 1；The pedestal 1 include level board and it is a plurality of mutually
Parallel base track 2；The row space regulator is located on the pedestal 1, and the sliding bar 3 is with the base track 2 in water
It is vertical relation in plane.
Optionally, scale marker is carried on the sliding bar 3.Scale marker on the sliding bar 3 can be used for carrying out strain
Away from accurate adjusting.
Optionally, the row spacing adjuster further includes：A plurality of moveable traction cross bar 6 disposed in parallel；The traction
The setting of cross bar 6 is vertically arranged on sliding bar 3 and in the horizontal plane with sliding bar 3；
Correspondingly, the side of the slide tray 4 is provided with support tray hanging hook 5, and the support tray hanging hook 5 is used for slide tray
4 are articulated on the traction cross bar 6.
Wherein, line-spacing adjusting after, with traction 6 carry support tray hanging hook 5 of cross bar perpendicular to row space regulator orbital direction into
The unified adjustment plant position of row, realize spacing in the rows from main modulation.
Optionally, the traction cross bar 6 carries scale marker.Scale marker on the traction cross bar 6 can be used for carrying out
The accurate adjusting of line-spacing.
Optionally, the push-and-pull canopy include can control flexible ceiling 14, several holders 15 for being used to support ceiling 14,
Positioned at the push-and-pull pulley 13 of frame bottom, the sliding rail 10 adaptable with push-and-pull pulley 13 and positioned at holder surrounding can be upper and lower
Flexible blinker 16.
Here, when pushing and pulling canopy expansion, flexible ceiling can be controlled and be in the fully extended state, when push-and-pull canopy is packed up,
Flexible ceiling can be controlled and be in fully collapsed condition.
Here, when pushing and pulling canopy expansion, it is manually operable blinker so that holder surrounding is in the blinker of contraction state
Stretching, extension ensures to form calm environment in push-and-pull canopy to form a closed push-and-pull canopy.It, can be manual when push-and-pull canopy is packed up
Operation blinker makes the blinker that holder surrounding is in extended configuration shrink, and influences the light distribution in later stage to ensure blinker not
It measures.
Optionally, the push-and-pull canopy includes the first side 12 being oppositely arranged and second side 11, wherein first side 12
For fixing side, second side 11 is that can push and pull side.In this case, it is only necessary to push and pull second side and push-and-pull canopy can be realized
Expansion or pack up, be conveniently operated.
Optionally, the push-and-pull canopy includes the first side 12 being oppositely arranged and second side 11, wherein first side 12
It is that can push and pull side with second side 11.In this case, can two people cooperative work together, to complete the quick of push-and-pull canopy
It is unfolded or packs up.
In order to ensure that can carry out three dimensional point cloud in push-and-pull canopy obtains, the area when ceiling 14 is unfolded is to wait for point
4~6 times of the plant population floor space of analysis.
Optionally, the blinker 16 includes keep out the wind cloth and/or wind shield.It is described to keep out the wind cloth or wind shield be transparent
Keep out the wind cloth or wind shield.
Plant population's structural analysis device provided in an embodiment of the present invention adjusts unit by seeding row spacing, and rapid build is not
The plant population of same density, different cultivars；By field conditions construction unit, calm field conditions can be built, to obtain
Accurate 3 d scan data provides condition；By three-dimensional scanning unit, the plant to pending structural analysis may be implemented
The 3-D scanning of group of hill body；By light distribution measuring unit, the light point to the plant population of pending structural analysis may be implemented
The acquisition of cloth data.The plant population's structural analysis device provided through the embodiment of the present invention, can be more convenient and accurately
Obtain different densities, different cultivars plant population three dimensional point cloud and light distribution measurement data.The embodiment of the present invention
The three dimensional point cloud and light distribution data of plant population, and integrated use plant are obtained with plant population's structural analysis device
The three dimensional point cloud and light distribution data of group carry out the quantitative analysis of Plant population structure, improve traditional analysis
The problems such as the degree of automation is poor, efficiency is low, heavy workload enriches the technological means of plant population morphosis analysis.
Second embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of plants of the plant population's structural analysis device provided based on above-described embodiment
Object group structure analysis method, includes the following steps：
Step 101：Plant in the plant population of pending structural analysis is arranged on slide tray one by one, adjusts and slides
Lever and slide tray are to meet preset line-spacing and spacing in the rows.
Step 102：By push-and-pull canopy expansion to cover the plant population of pending structural analysis, obtained using three-dimensional scanning unit
Take the three dimensional point cloud of the plant population of pending structural analysis.
Step 103：Push-and-pull canopy is packed up, so that the plant population of pending structural analysis is exposed under natural light environment,
The light distribution data of the plant population of pending structural analysis are obtained using light distribution measuring unit.
It, can be with the three of integrated use plant population after the three dimensional point cloud and light distribution data for obtaining plant population
It ties up point cloud data and light distribution data carries out the quantitative analysis of Plant population structure.
In this step 102 and 103, due to needing further three-dimensional scanning unit (such as spatial digitizer) to be utilized to obtain three
Dimension point cloud, and measured using the light distribution of light distribution measuring unit progress different groups, therefore push-and-pull canopy need to be built in field, with jade
For rice plant population, specifically comprise the following steps：
a：Push and pull canopy structure：Canopy will be pushed and pulled as field, bilateral has track, canvas when surrounding has collapsible, pushes and pulls canopy ruler
Very little require at least constructed maize population institute floor space 4 times, are obtained with ensureing to carry out in canopy three dimensional point cloud.
b：When obtaining maize population three dimensional point cloud, by push-and-pull canopy expansion, maize population is covered, and put down sail
Cloth ensures calm in group.The data describe distribution situation of the current group in three dimensions, can be directly by difference
The mode for counting density in dimension analyzes data, the data combination computer graphics method can also be utilized to build maize population
Threedimensional model, realize the Accurate Analysis of group structure.
c：When obtaining the light distribution data of maize population, push-and-pull canopy is packed up, makes maize population completely in the natural ring of light
Under border, light distribution is carried out using light distribution measuring unit and is measured.
From the description above it is found that being directed to same target group, it can synchronize and obtain group's three dimensional point cloud and Population Light section
Data are obtained, and the two is implemented in combination with more comprehensive maize population structure quantification comparative analysis.
Plant population's structural analysis device provided by the invention adjusts unit, rapid build different densities by seeding row spacing
Maize population；By field conditions construction unit, build field controllable environment, by adjusting push and pull canopy realize no-wind environment and
Natural light environment is switched fast, and ensure that the accuracy of plant population three-dimensional point cloud and light distribution measurement data.In addition, this hair
The bright three dimensional point cloud and light distribution data that also use plant population's structural analysis device to obtain plant population, and integrated use
The three dimensional point cloud and light distribution data of plant population carry out the quantitative analysis of Plant population structure, improve traditional analysis
The problems such as method the degree of automation is poor, efficiency is low, heavy workload enriches the technological means of plant population morphosis analysis.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as term "upper", "lower" is base
It in orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than indicates or imply
Signified device or element must have a particular orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore should not be understood as to this
The limitation of invention.Unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, example
Such as, it may be fixed connection or may be dismantle connection, or integral connection；It can be mechanical connection, can also be to be electrically connected
It connects；It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediary the connection inside two elements.For this
For the those of ordinary skill in field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific conditions.
It should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second and the like are used merely to one
Entity or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation
There are any actual relationship or orders.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to contain
Lid non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements is not only wanted including those
Element, but also include other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, article or equipment
Intrinsic element.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that
There is also other identical elements in process, method, article or equipment including the element.
Above example is only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
Invention is explained in detail, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：It still can be to aforementioned each implementation
Technical solution recorded in example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these are changed or replace
It changes, the spirit and scope for various embodiments of the present invention technical solution that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (10)
1. a plant population structural analysis device, which is characterized in that including：It is single that seeding row spacing adjusts unit, field conditions structure
Member, three-dimensional scanning unit and light distribution measuring unit；
The seeding row spacing adjusts unit and is used to carry out seeding row spacing adjusting to the plant population of pending structural analysis；
It includes row space regulator and row spacing adjuster that the seeding row spacing, which adjusts unit, and the row space regulator includes a plurality of parallel
Sliding bar；The row spacing adjuster includes multiple slide trays for placing plant, and the slide tray is located at the sliding
On bar, the spacing in the rows for adjusting plant；
The field conditions construction unit is used to build calm field conditions for the plant population of pending structural analysis；
The field conditions construction unit includes push-and-pull canopy, and the push-and-pull canopy is for being upon deployment the plant of pending 3-D scanning
The calm field conditions of object informative population；
The three-dimensional scanning unit is adjusted to preset seeding row spacing and the field for adjusting unit in the seeding row spacing
3-D scanning is carried out to the plant population of pending structural analysis after the good calm field conditions of environment construction cell formation；
The light distribution measuring unit, it is pending for being obtained after seeding row spacing adjusting unit is adjusted to preset seeding row spacing
The light distribution data of the plant population of structural analysis.
2. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the seeding row spacing adjusts unit and further includes：Pedestal；
The pedestal includes level board and a plurality of base track being mutually parallel；
The row space regulator is located on the pedestal, and the sliding bar is vertical close in the horizontal plane with the base track
System.
3. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that carry scale marker on the sliding bar.
4. device described in any one of claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the row spacing adjuster further includes：It is a plurality of
Moveable traction cross bar disposed in parallel；The traction cross bar setting is on sliding bar and vertical with sliding bar in the horizontal plane
Setting；
Correspondingly, the side of the slide tray is provided with support tray hanging hook, and the support tray hanging hook is for slide tray to be articulated in
On the traction cross bar.
5. device described in any one of claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the push-and-pull canopy is flexible including that can control
Ceiling, be used to support ceiling several holders, the push-and-pull pulley positioned at frame bottom, the push-and-pull adaptable with push-and-pull pulley
Track and the blinker that can be stretched up and down positioned at holder surrounding.
6. device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the push-and-pull canopy includes the first side being oppositely arranged and
Two side faces, wherein first side is fixing side, and second side is that can push and pull side.
7. device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the push-and-pull canopy includes the first side being oppositely arranged and
Two side faces, wherein first side and second side are that can push and pull side.
8. device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the area when ceiling expansion is flora to be analyzed
4~6 times of body floor space.
9. device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the blinker includes keep out the wind cloth and/or wind shield.
10. a kind of plant population's structure based on plant population's structural analysis device such as according to any one of claims 1 to 9
Analysis method, which is characterized in that including：
Plant in the plant population of pending structural analysis is arranged on slide tray one by one, adjusts sliding bar and sliding
Pallet is to meet preset line-spacing and spacing in the rows；
By push-and-pull canopy expansion to cover the plant population of pending structural analysis, pending structure is obtained using three-dimensional scanning unit
The three dimensional point cloud of the plant population of analysis；
Push-and-pull canopy is packed up, so that the plant population of pending structural analysis is exposed under natural light environment, is surveyed using light distribution
Amount unit obtains the light distribution data of the plant population of pending structural analysis.
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| 大棚番茄群体结构及光分布特性与中早期产量形成关系的研究;陈友 等;《农业工程学报》;19900630;第6卷(第2期);第50-55页 * |
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