CN106197491A - Down-hole disturbing signal monitoring and positioner and method with temperature self-compensation - Google Patents
Down-hole disturbing signal monitoring and positioner and method with temperature self-compensation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106197491A CN106197491A CN201610472025.0A CN201610472025A CN106197491A CN 106197491 A CN106197491 A CN 106197491A CN 201610472025 A CN201610472025 A CN 201610472025A CN 106197491 A CN106197491 A CN 106197491A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35338—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using other arrangements than interferometer arrangements
- G01D5/35354—Sensor working in reflection
- G01D5/35358—Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity
- G01D5/35364—Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity using inelastic backscattering to detect the measured quantity, e.g. using Brillouin or Raman backscattering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D3/00—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups
- G01D3/028—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups mitigating undesired influences, e.g. temperature, pressure
- G01D3/036—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups mitigating undesired influences, e.g. temperature, pressure on measuring arrangements themselves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/3537—Optical fibre sensor using a particular arrangement of the optical fibre itself
- G01D5/3538—Optical fibre sensor using a particular arrangement of the optical fibre itself using a particular type of fiber, e.g. fibre with several cores, PANDA fiber, fiber with an elliptic core or the like
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/324—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres using Raman scattering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
- H04B10/2589—Bidirectional transmission
- H04B10/25891—Transmission components
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of down-hole disturbing signal monitoring positioning device and method, more particularly, to a kind of down-hole disturbing signal monitoring with temperature self-compensation and positioner and method.The input of fiber Raman (FBG) demodulator is connected with optical fiber splitter outfan, and the outfan of fiber Raman (FBG) demodulator is connected with the input of host computer；The light source output terminal that the input of optical fiber splitter is connected on industrial computer, another outfan of optical fiber splitter is connected with one end of circulator, and the other end of circulator is connected with the photo-detector on industrial computer；The other end of circulator is connected with the input of bonder, and the coupled end of bonder connects down-hole sensor fibre, and the straight-through end of bonder is connected with the photo-detector on industrial computer；Bonder is provided with delay transport optical fiber, and the other end of down-hole sensor fibre connects faraday's reflecting mirror.Disturbing signal and location technology are carried out temperature self-compensation, improves monitoring accuracy and positioning precision.
Description
Technical field
The invention mainly relates to a kind of down-hole disturbing signal monitoring positioning device and method, more particularly, to one band
There are down-hole disturbing signal monitoring and positioner and the method for temperature self-compensation.
Background technology
Downhole personnel Information locating, the anti-illegal mining monitoring of abandoned mine, down-hole profiling temperatures are always coal
Emphasis in the problem of field, ore deposit and difficult point, be very important data in production process, to instruct coal production, danger early warning,
Mine disaster rescue all has very important effect.Now, be correlated with monitoring instrument equipment in the down-hole that domestic and international mine is currently in use, greatly
Mostly being electrical type sensing technology, the link of this kind equipment electricity consumption is too much, there is potential safety hazard for subsurface environment, when dangerous ring
After border appearance, mine disaster occur, many monitoring systems cannot normally work.Due to the restriction of coal mine conditions down-hole, based on electricity
Wire communication and the communication of signal transmission are restricted by factors in down-hole application, this just to down-hole information and
Time acquisition bring great difficulty.Therefore, the present invention is directed to this special working environment of mine, design a set of can be at well
Lower without under electrical environment, down-hole activity personnel are positioned, to the early warning of abandoned mine illegal mining behavior and downhole temperature distribution feelings
The monitoring system of condition.The present invention be mine down-hole personnel based on distributed all-fiber vibration/Raman reflection sense technology location/
Temperature Distribution monitoring system and temperature self-compensation method.Sensing cable part only needs an optical fiber both can record downhole optic fiber and lays temperature
Degree can realize the location determination to staff for help, by two kinds of demodulation modes of optical signal and traditional electronic sensor phase
Ratio, uses optical cable to have obvious technical advantage, such as distribution as the application in mine tunnel of the monitoring system of senser element
Formula is monitored, and essential safety, down-hole is passive, aboveground power supply etc..It addition, during for mine abandonment, optic-fiber monitoring system still utilizes,
The anti-illegal mining into abandoned mine can be applied to monitor system.
After mine disaster occurs, as long as the optical cable being layed in tunnel is not destroyed by physical property, the personnel of surviving can be by constantly
Tap optical cable and change the phase place wherein transmitting light, thus send an SOS to base station.At acquisition of signal end, according to obtain
Light intensity signal, parses the phase contrast of two bundle coherent lights in interference system, finds out the trap wave point in its frequency spectrum and can calculate birth
Also personnel's location.This system light path simple in construction, eliminates the environmental change impact on test result.It is at sensing cable
Part only needs an optical fiber can realize the location to disturbing signal, thus the most convenient in reality application is installed, only need to be
The laying completing an optical cable in tunnel can realize the distributed monitoring to whole piece tunnel, has stronger practicality and feasible
Property.
This instrument part in down-hole only has the passive device such as optical cable and reflection end to form, in the scope of down-hole dozens of kilometres
In without electric energy supply, electromagnetic-radiation-free, can accomplish the most as required without any metal device, higher in gas density
Hazardous environment in there is intrinsic safety.In traditional interference-type optical fiber sensor-based system, the M-Z of employing interfere more, FP interferes
Or the interference modes such as sagnac interference, have employed Novel light path system based on white light interference theory in this sensor-based system,
Only sensing Dynamic Signal, shielding is static, the signal of quasistatic change, on the basis of the advantage retaining high accuracy, quickly response,
Overcome conventional interference type sensor-based system easily by the significant deficiency of the environmental effects such as temperature fluctuation, complete such sensor from reality
Test room and move towards the great change of actual application, can be steady in a long-term be applied in various rugged environment.Use Vacuum Package light
The technology of road module.Light path structure comparison after completing is fragile, needs to be packaged the light path system made.Tradition
The encapsulation box that exactly light path module made loaded PVC the most simply protect.It is right that this encapsulation serves
Light path system carries out the effect protected, but there is also the problem in a lot of application.It is a large amount of owing to light path module also existing
Delay line, and a large amount of delay line also can be experienced the vibration of surrounding due to the photoelastic effect of optical fiber and introduce whole system greatly
The noise of amount.Must vibrate so that light path system i.e. obtains protecting and can completely cut off light path with extraneous, the design that we innovate is also
Achieve Vacuum Package.By Vacuum Package, light path completely cuts off completely with the vibration in outside air, it is ensured that system long-term steady
Fixed work.This monitoring method utilizes fiber raman scattering principle and OTDR technique can monitor the distributed temperature letter of down-hole
Breath, plays very important effect to safety in production, simultaneously by the monitoring to temperature, and can be to the monitoring of down-hole disturbing signal
With the effect that temperature self-compensation is played in location, it is significant to improving monitoring accuracy.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that present invention mainly solves be to provide a kind of down-hole disturbing signal monitoring with temperature self-compensation with
Positioner and method, carried out temperature self-compensation to disturbing signal and location technology, improves monitoring accuracy and positioning accurate
Degree.This instrument part in down-hole only has the passive device such as optical cable and reflection end to form, nothing in the range of the dozens of kilometres of down-hole
Need electric energy supply, electromagnetic-radiation-free, can accomplish without any metal device the most as required, in the danger that gas density is higher
Danger environment has intrinsic safety.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention monitors and positioner with the down-hole disturbing signal of temperature self-compensation,
It is characterized in that, this device includes host computer, fiber Raman (FBG) demodulator, optical fiber splitter, circulator, industrial computer, delay transport
Optical fiber, down-hole sensor fibre, faraday's reflecting mirror and bonder, be embedded with light source and multiple photo-detector inside described industrial computer.
The input of described fiber Raman (FBG) demodulator is connected by sensor fibre with an outfan of optical fiber splitter, institute
The input of the outfan and host computer of stating fiber Raman (FBG) demodulator is connected.
The light source output terminal that the input of described optical fiber splitter is connected on industrial computer, another of described optical fiber splitter
Individual outfan is connected by sensor fibre with one end of circulator, the other end of described circulator and the photo-detector on industrial computer
It is connected by sensor fibre.
The other end of described circulator is connected by sensor fibre with the input of bonder, the coupled end of described bonder
Connecting and have down-hole sensor fibre, the straight-through end of described bonder is connected by sensor fibre with the photo-detector on industrial computer.
Described bonder is provided with delay transport optical fiber, and the other end of described down-hole sensor fibre connects has faraday to reflect
Mirror.
As the further optimization of the present invention, described down-hole sensor fibre only has one, is layed in tunnel, down-hole.
As the further optimization of the present invention, described down-hole sensor fibre is for including silica fibre, glue-line, PE sheath, FRP
Reinforcement, fiber optic protection layer and fiber coating layer, described fiber coating layer is coated in the outer surface of silica fibre, described fiber coating
Being provided with fiber optic protection layer outside Ceng, the outside of described fiber optic protection layer is provided with glue-line, and described PE sheath is wrapped in outermost, described
Multiple FRP reinforcement it is provided with between PE sheath and glue-line.
As the further optimization of the present invention, this device described forms four tunnel light paths altogether,
Light path one: the light of the light source injection of industrial computer is transferred to a port of circulator, from going in ring through optical fiber splitter
Another port transmission of device, to bonder, enters sensor fibre through bonder and arrives faraday's reflecting mirror, and optical signal is through farad
Reflecting mirror is reflected back down-hole sensor fibre and optical signal transmission is returned a port of circulator, from circulator through bonder
Another port transmission passes to host computer to Raman (FBG) demodulator, the information that Raman (FBG) demodulator recalls demodulation；
Light path two: the light of the light source injection of industrial computer is transferred to a port of circulator, from going in ring through optical fiber splitter
Another port transmission of device, to bonder, enters sensor fibre through bonder and arrives faraday's reflecting mirror, and optical signal is through farad
Reflecting mirror is reflected back down-hole sensor fibre photo-detector optical signal transmission being returned in industrial computer through bonder；
Light path three: the light of the light source injection of industrial computer is transferred to a port of circulator, from going in ring through optical fiber splitter
Another port transmission of device, to bonder, enters sensor fibre through bonder and arrives faraday's reflecting mirror, and optical signal is through farad
Reflecting mirror is reflected back down-hole sensor fibre and is transferred in industrial computer after bonder is from top to bottom by delay transport optical fiber
Photo-detector；
Light path four: the light of the light source injection of industrial computer is transferred to a port of circulator, from going in ring through optical fiber splitter
Another port transmission of device, to bonder, is again transferred to bonder through delay transport optical fiber from bottom to top, enters through bonder
Entering down-hole sensor fibre and arrive faraday's reflecting mirror, optical signal is reflected back down-hole sensor fibre coupled through faraday's reflecting mirror
The photo-detector in industrial computer passed back by device.
As the further optimization of the present invention, described bonder is 3X3 bonder.
Use the described down-hole disturbing signal monitoring with temperature self-compensation and the downhole temperature monitoring side of positioner
Method, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps that
Step one, determine the stokes light of light path one and the strength ratio of anti-Stokes light and the relational expression of temperature；
R (T)=Pa(T)/Ps(T)=(λs/λa)exp(-hcΔγ/kT)
Step 2, above formula is simplified, it is thus achieved that temperature information；
T=-hc Δ γ/k{ln [Pa(T)/Ps(T)]-ln(λs/λa)=f [R (T)]
λ in formulas, λaBeing respectively stokes light and the wavelength of anti-Stokes light, h is Planck's constant, and c is in vacuum
The light velocity, Δ γ is skew wave number, and k is Boltzmann constant, and T is absolute temperature, and f [R (T)] is the function of R (T), PaAnd P (T)s
(T) stokes light and the intensity of anti-Stokes light.
Use the described down-hole disturbing signal monitoring with temperature self-compensation and the temperature self-compensation of positioner and determine
Method for position, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps that
Step one, demodulate the temperature distribution parameter of light path one；
Formula one T=-hc Δ γ/k{ln [Pa(T)/Ps(T)]-ln(λs/λa)=f [R (T)]
λ in formulas, λaBeing respectively stokes light and the wavelength of anti-Stokes light, h is Planck's constant, and c is in vacuum
The light velocity, Δ γ is skew wave number, and k is Boltzmann constant, and T is absolute temperature, and f [R (T)] is the function of R (T), PaAnd P (T)s
(T) stokes light and the intensity of anti-Stokes light；
Step 2, by the space rate resolution adjustment respectively of fiber Raman (FBG) demodulator (2) to light path three and light path four
The spatial resolution interfering light is identical, it is ensured that temperature measuring point can be followed the tracks of disturbance and measure point；
Step 3, the time-domain signal of the two-way interference light intensity obtained according to light path three and light path four, demodulate two bundles and be concerned with
The phase contrast of light, and the impact of the phase contrast caused according to step a pair temperature compensates, and draws well interfering signal institute shape
Phase difference φ become,
Formula two
In formulaFor the comprehensive axial strain of optical fiber, L is that light passes
The fiber lengths broadcast, Δ L is optical fiber axial deflection, and μ is optical fiber Poisson's ratio, and n is the effective refractive index of fiber core, KTOptical fiber
Strain temperature sensitivity coefficient, KzOptical fiber external forces ga(u)ge factor, p1、p2For optical fiber strain optical coefficient, β is light wave
Propagation constant, f [R (T)] is the function of R (T)；
Step 4, the N number of monitoring point on optical fiber is carried out distributed temperature self compensation；
Formula three
In formulaFor the comprehensive axial strain of optical fiber, L is that light passes
The fiber lengths broadcast, Δ L is optical fiber axial deflection, and μ is optical fiber Poisson's ratio, and n is the effective refractive index of fiber core, KTOptical fiber
Strain temperature sensitivity coefficient, KzOptical fiber external forces ga(u)ge factor, p1、p2For optical fiber strain optical coefficient, β is light wave
Propagation constant, f [R (T)] is the function of R (T)；
Step 5, phase difference φ producing down-hole interference source do Fourier transformation, draw the frequency spectrum data of phase contrast,
And the temperature information utilizing step one to record carries out positioning temperature-compensating, by the effect of temperature on fiber for people again
Formula four?
Formula five
T in formula0Shine the time difference of return for optical signal, L is the fiber lengths that light is propagated, and n is having of fiber core
Effect refractive index, C is the light velocity in vacuum, LjFor a certain monitoring segment fiber lengths, TjFor a certain monitoring segment fiber optic temperature, εT
For the thermal coefficient of expansion of optical fiber, f (R (Tj) it is this fiber segment temperature of utilizing that Raman principle records, LTFor by laying environment temperature
Degree field and disturbance act on the extension position of optical fiber simultaneously；
Step 6, simplify formula five obtain perturbation action point temperature compensated after position L0；
Formula six
L in formula0For perturbation action point position after temperature compensated, LTFor the while of by laying ambient temperature field and disturbance
The extension position of effect optical fiber, LjFor a certain monitoring segment fiber lengths, TjFor a certain monitoring segment fiber optic temperature, εTFor optical fiber
Thermal coefficient of expansion, f (R (Tj) it is this fiber segment temperature of utilizing that Raman principle records.
A kind of down-hole disturbing signal monitoring with temperature self-compensation of the present invention and positioner and the beneficial effect of method
For: (1) has carried out temperature self-compensation to disturbing signal and location technology, improves monitoring accuracy and positioning precision；(2) this instrument
The device part in down-hole only has the passive device such as optical cable and reflection end to form, and supplies without electric energy in the range of the dozens of kilometres of down-hole
Should, electromagnetic-radiation-free, can accomplish without any metal device the most as required, in the hazardous environment that gas density is higher
There is intrinsic safety；(3) by Vacuum Package, light path completely cuts off completely with the vibration in outside air, it is ensured that the length of system
Phase steady operation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention will be further described in detail with specific implementation method below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the present invention with the down-hole disturbing signal monitoring of temperature self-compensation and positioner and the structural representation of method
Figure.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of down-hole sensor fibre 7 in Fig. 1.
In figure: host computer 1；Fiber Raman (FBG) demodulator 2；Optical fiber splitter 3；Circulator 4；Industrial computer 5；Delay transport optical fiber
6；Down-hole sensor fibre 7, silica fibre 7-1, glue-line 7-2, PE sheath 7-3, FRP reinforcement 7-4, fiber optic protection layer 7-5, optical fiber
Overlay 7-6；Faraday's reflecting mirror 8；Bonder 9；Down-hole interference source 10.
Detailed description of the invention
In conjunction with Fig. 1,2 explanation patents of the present invention, a kind of down-hole disturbance with temperature self-compensation described in patent of the present invention
Signal monitoring and positioner, including host computer 1, fiber Raman (FBG) demodulator 2, optical fiber splitter 3, circulator 4, industrial computer 5, prolong
Time Transmission Fibers 6, down-hole sensor fibre 7, faraday's reflecting mirror 8 and bonder 9, described industrial computer 5 can select U.S. MOI public
The optical sensing vibration analyzer si920 of department, is embedded with light source and multiple photo-detector inside it.
The input of described fiber Raman (FBG) demodulator 2 is connected by sensor fibre with an outfan of optical fiber splitter 3,
The outfan of described fiber Raman (FBG) demodulator 2 is connected with the input of host computer 1；Host computer 1 selects common computer.Fiber optic splitter
Device 3 can select the optical fiber splitter of Wuhan fertile dragon communication company limited, and its model is H1-10220FA.Fiber Raman (FBG) demodulator
2 can select U.S.'s MOI company DTS-100 fiber Raman (FBG) demodulator.
The input of described optical fiber splitter 3 is connected to the light source output terminal on industrial computer 5, described optical fiber splitter 3
Another outfan is connected by sensor fibre with one end of circulator 4, on the other end of described circulator 4 and industrial computer 5
Photo-detector is connected by sensor fibre；Circulator 4 can select the circulator of Shenzhen Hua Yu optical communication technique company limited, its
Model is FCPC1.
The other end of described circulator 4 is connected by sensor fibre with the input of bonder 9, the coupling of described bonder 9
Closing end connection has down-hole sensor fibre 7, the straight-through end of described bonder 9 to pass through sensor fibre with the photo-detector on industrial computer 5
It is connected；Described bonder (9) is 3X3 bonder.Described bonder (9) can select Suzhou Bo Fu Electro-optical Technology, INC. (US) 62 Martin Road, Concord, Massachusetts 017
Bonder, its model is MFC-3.
Described bonder 9 is provided with delay transport optical fiber 6, and the other end of described down-hole sensor fibre 7 connects faraday
Reflecting mirror 8.Faraday rotation mirror 8 uses FRM microminiature faraday rotation mirror, has package dimension closely and outstanding
Optical characteristics, the particularly suitable situation at down-hole special fiber tail optical fiber.FRM device makes the inclined of the light of reverse transfer in optical fiber
State of shaking, to for just intending to transmission light 90-degree rotation, is applied to fibre system and can eliminate the shadow that the fluctuation of polarization state brings
Ring, improve monitoring and positioning precision.
Described down-hole sensor fibre 7 only has one, is layed in tunnel, down-hole.
Described down-hole sensor fibre 7 is for including silica fibre 7-1, glue-line 7-2, PE sheath 7-3, FRP reinforcement 7-4, light
Fine protective layer 7-5 and fiber coating layer 7-6, described fiber coating layer 7-6 is coated in the outer surface of silica fibre 7-1, described optical fiber
Being provided with fiber optic protection layer 7-5 outside overlay 7-6, the outside of described fiber optic protection layer 7-5 is provided with glue-line 7-2, described PE sheath
7-3 is wrapped in outermost, is provided with multiple FRP reinforcement 7-4 between described PE sheath 7-3 and glue-line 7-2.
Prepared by down-hole sensor fibre 7: this kind of optical cable has high intensity, it is possible to bears the biggest power and is not destroyed, and
The sensitiveest to the disturbing signal of monitoring.FRP production technology is the most just to have started to drink a kind of green wood of Fibre Optical Sensor
Material.It is the hot melt viscosity flow utilizing resin, the seriality of glass fibre and lax compressibility.By nothing under the effect of pull strength
Twist with the fingers glass fiber rough yarn even snow impregnating resin, then by having the mould of certain cross sectional shape, and in mold cured molding even
Continuous production technology, and the length of goods can endless.
Technology
Material: main by outsourcing glass optical fiber and sheath, reinforcing material, sheath, resin, releasing agent, firming agent, filler
Deng composition.Reinforcing material is mainly glass fibre and glass fibre felting cloth.
The whole course of processing is drawn forming production line by special optical cable and completes.
Technological process
Preheating shaped device: be with creel to mould, glass yarn needs thermal formation apparatus to guide conveying impregnating resin
Body, this device is mainly said in the neat smooth importing resin storage tank of glass yarn so that it is dipping completely, more gradually holds together the cross section of sintetics
Shape so that it is smooth-going imports mold cured, and before entering mould, by the Excess resin extrusion of dipping, again it is recovered to tree
Fat groove recycles.This is also that in pultrude process, raw material availability is high, the obvious characteristic of good economical benefit.Pre-shaping device to be protected
The card the most smooth delivery of yarn, it is impossible to occur pulling apart, hangs yarn at random, the phenomenon such as wool yarn conglomeration, sideslip, needs special messenger to guard, at any time
In husky Shu Yunhang, smear a small amount of exterior-applied mold lubricant can avoid problem above, production otherwise can be caused to interrupt, exorbitant expenditure.
Curing molding: the curing molding by the mould of uniform temperature.The heater electricity consumption combined with mould
Heating, it is ensured that programming rate wants fast, can accurately control the temperature of regulation, numerical value.After having passed through the temperature of mould, surface is
Curing molding but in order to ensure interiors of products completion of cure, still need after mould, add certain length heater again, extend
Consolidation time, referred to as three district's solidification equipments.
This device described is formed four tunnel light paths altogether,
Light path one: the light of the light source injection of industrial computer 5 is transferred to a port of circulator 4, from ring through optical fiber splitter 3
Another port transmission of row device 4, to bonder 9, enters sensor fibre through bonder 9 and arrives faraday's reflecting mirror 8, optical signal
It is reflected back down-hole sensor fibre 7 through faraday's reflecting mirror 8 and returns a port of circulator 4 through 9 optical signal transmission of bonder,
Host computer is passed to Raman (FBG) demodulator 2, the information that 2 demodulation of Raman (FBG) demodulator recall from another port transmission of circulator 4
1；
Light path two: the light of the light source injection of industrial computer 5 is transferred to a port of circulator 4, from ring through optical fiber splitter 3
Another port transmission of row device 4, to bonder 9, enters sensor fibre through bonder 9 and arrives faraday's reflecting mirror 8, optical signal
It is reflected back down-hole sensor fibre 7 through faraday's reflecting mirror 8 and returns the optical detection in industrial computer 5 through 9 optical signal transmission of bonder
Device；
Light path three: the light of the light source injection of industrial computer 5 is transferred to a port of circulator 4, from ring through optical fiber splitter 3
Another port transmission of row device 4, to bonder 9, enters sensor fibre through bonder 9 and arrives faraday's reflecting mirror 8, optical signal
It is reflected back down-hole sensor fibre 7 through faraday's reflecting mirror 8 and passes through delay transport through bonder 9 (I-H-G direction) from top to bottom
The photo-detector in industrial computer 5 it is transferred to after optical fiber 6；
Light path four: the light of the light source injection of industrial computer 5 is transferred to a port of circulator 4, from ring through optical fiber splitter 3
Another port transmission of row device 4 is to bonder 9, and (G-H-I direction) is transferred to coupling again through delay transport optical fiber 6 from bottom to top
Clutch 9, enters down-hole sensor fibre 7 through bonder 9 and arrives faraday's reflecting mirror 8, and optical signal is reflected back through faraday's reflecting mirror 8
Down-hole sensor fibre 7 photo-detector in industrial computer 5 passed back by bonder 9.
The light path of 4 bundle light can be simplified as according to mark in figure:
Light path one: A-B-C-D-E-F-E-D-B-J-2
Light path two: A-B-C-D-E-F-E-D-PIN
Light path three: A-B-C-D-E-F-E-D-I-H-G-PIN
Light path four: A-B-C-G-H-I-D-E-F-E-D-PIN
Light path one is used for measuring monitored area temperature according to Raman scattering principle, obtains monitored area distributed temperature letter
Breath, and the information of light path two, three, four acquisition is carried out temperature-compensating.Light path two, three, four is used for monitoring disturbing of region to be measured
Emotionally condition, and position, by the temperature-compensating of light one, it is possible to obtain disturbance information and higher positioning accurate more accurately
Degree.Optical fiber 6 when light path two is passed on defeated owing to not passing through, thus very big with the optical path difference of light path three and light path four, thus this light
The optical signal on road will not produce interference.The optical signal that light path two detects only can produce the flip-flop in signal, and this direct current becomes
It is allocated as using for reference signal.I.e. with following interference signal contrast, frequency spectrum is a straight line, with light path three and light path four interference signal
Contrast, when having at frequency distortion, is perturbation action point.Light path three is identical with the light intensity of the optical signal of light path four, light path difference
Not quite, thus interference can be produced, if having perturbation action at down-hole sensor fibre 7 so that the optical signal of light path 3 and light path 4 produces
Raw phase contrast, is transferred to host computer 1 information, carries out the Algorithm Analysis of disturbance measurement and location according to phase contrast, and utilize right
Disturbance is measured and is set to and carries out temperature-compensating by the temperature signal of light path one.
Temperature monitoring principle
When light is by optical fiber, the optical phonon in photon and optical fiber can produce inelastic collision, and Raman scattering occurs, and wavelength is big
Being stokes light in incident illumination, wavelength is anti-Stokes light less than incident illumination. stokes light and anti-Stokes light
The relation of strength ratio and temperature can be expressed from the next:
R (T)=Pa(T)/Ps(T)=(λs/λa)exp(-hcΔγ/kT) (1)
Abbreviation is:
T=-hc Δ γ/k{ln [Pa(T)/Ps(T)]-ln(λs/λa)=f [R (T)] (2)
λ in formulas, λaIt is respectively Stokes light and the wavelength of Anti-Stokes；H is Planck's constant；C is light in vacuum
Speed；Δ γ is skew wave number；K is Boltzmann constant；T is absolute temperature.F [R (T)] is the function of R (T).
Monitoring temperature only parameter with optical fiber own and monitoring light intensity are relevant, and therefore application ROTDR method can be monitored definitely
Temperature.
Down-hole disturbing signal monitoring and temperature self-compensation principle
When optical signal is propagated in the optical fiber that a segment length is L, the phase place of its correspondence is:
λ0For light wavelength in a vacuum, n is the effective refractive index of fiber core, β be light wave propagation constant by optics and
Mechanical knowledge carries out total differential carrying out and arranges available above formula
In formulaThe comprehensive axial strain of optical fiber, for both stress effects, again by the axial strain of temperature action, p1、
p2For optical fiber strain optical coefficient, μ is Poisson's ratio.
Above formula is abbreviated as:
Wherein:
Under the common effect of optical fiber active force outside and temperature, total strain should be outer effect and temperature produces the folded of strain
Add, be represented by:
ε=KTT+Kzεz (5)
K in formulaTFibre strain temperature control coefficient, T temperature, KzOptical fiber external forces ga(u)ge factor, εzOutward
The produced strain of boundary's active force.P is the axial stress of uniform-compression optical fiber, and μ is optical fiber Poisson's ratio, and E is optical fiber elastic modelling quantity.
By mechanical knowledge:
For ensureing the strain only affected by active force disturbing signal outside down-hole of the strain not temperature influence in formula 4-2,
The strain compensation that then temperature must be produced, i.e. strain are pure stress-strain:
By formula (2) (4-2) (6), and consider that optical fiber is small strain by the strain of disturbing signal formula, write as incremental form
N number of monitoring point on optical fiber is then had:
Above formula illustrates, the distance that the change of light phase is transmitted with it exists relation, but owing to the strain of temperature on fiber is deposited
In impact, indirectly having influence on the distance of optical transport, monitoring accuracy to be improved must carry out temperature-compensating to it, temperature to light
The impact of fine transmission range weeds out, and i.e. completes the self compensation of temperature.
Underground location technology and temperature self-compensation method
Had by OTDR principle
C is the light velocity in vacuum, and phase contrast is carried out Fourier transform, line frequency analysis of spectrum of going forward side by side
For in spectrum analysis, when the distortion point (non-away from dead-center position) of frequency of occurrences amplitude is exactly that disturbance occurs
Particular location, i.e. when
Owing to being acted on by temperature on optical fiber, the original length changes
LjFor a certain monitoring segment fiber lengths, εTFor the thermal coefficient of expansion of optical fiber, f (R (Tj) it is that the utilization of this fiber segment is drawn
The mean temperature that graceful principle records, LTFor somewhat concrete around action after the physical length by laying ambient temperature field action optical fiber
Position,
Then can calculate
Position after L perturbation action point is temperature compensated, i.e. completes positioning distributed temperature-compensating, such that it is able to record
The accurate location of down-hole interference source 10.
Although the present invention is open the most as above with preferred embodiment, but it is not limited to the present invention, any is familiar with this
The people of technology, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can do various change and modification, the therefore protection of the present invention
Scope should be with being as the criterion that claims are defined.
Claims (7)
1. with down-hole disturbing signal monitoring and the positioner of temperature self-compensation, it is characterised in that this device includes host computer
(1), fiber Raman (FBG) demodulator (2), optical fiber splitter (3), circulator (4), industrial computer (5), delay transport optical fiber (6), down-hole
Sensor fibre (7), faraday's reflecting mirror (8) and bonder (9), described industrial computer (5) is internal is embedded with light source and multiple optical detection
Device；
The input of described fiber Raman (FBG) demodulator (2) is connected by sensor fibre with an outfan of optical fiber splitter (3),
The outfan of described fiber Raman (FBG) demodulator (2) is connected with the input of host computer (1)；
The input of described optical fiber splitter (3) is connected to the light source output terminal on industrial computer (5), described optical fiber splitter (3)
Another outfan be connected by sensor fibre with one end of circulator (4), the other end of described circulator (4) and industrial computer
(5) photo-detector on is connected by sensor fibre；
The other end of described circulator (4) is connected by sensor fibre with the input of bonder (9), described bonder (9)
Coupled end connects has down-hole sensor fibre (7), the straight-through end of described bonder (9) to pass through with the photo-detector on industrial computer (5)
Sensor fibre is connected；
Described bonder (9) is provided with delay transport optical fiber (6), and the other end of described down-hole sensor fibre (7) connects farad
Reflecting mirror (8).
Down-hole disturbing signal monitoring with temperature self-compensation the most according to claim 1 and positioner, its feature exists
In: described down-hole sensor fibre (7) only has one, is layed in tunnel, down-hole.
Down-hole disturbing signal monitoring with temperature self-compensation the most according to claim 1 and 2 and positioner, its feature
It is: described down-hole sensor fibre (7) is for including silica fibre (7-1), glue-line (7-2), PE sheath (7-3), FRP reinforcement
(7-4), fiber optic protection layer (7-5) and fiber coating layer (7-6), described fiber coating layer (7-6) is coated in silica fibre (7-1)
Outer surface, described fiber coating layer (7-6) outside is provided with fiber optic protection layer (7-5), and the outside of described fiber optic protection layer (7-5) sets
There are glue-line (7-2), described PE sheath (7-3) to be wrapped in outermost, are provided with many between described PE sheath (7-3) and glue-line (7-2)
Individual FRP reinforcement (7-4).
Down-hole disturbing signal monitoring with temperature self-compensation the most according to claim 1 and positioner, its feature exists
In: this device described is formed four tunnel light paths altogether,
Light path one: the light of the light source injection of industrial computer (5) is transferred to a port of circulator (4) through optical fiber splitter (3), from
Another port transmission of circulator (4), to bonder (9), enters sensor fibre through bonder (9) and arrives faraday's reflecting mirror
(8), optical signal is reflected back down-hole sensor fibre (7) and through bonder (9) optical signal transmission winding through faraday's reflecting mirror (8)
One port of row device (4), from another port transmission of circulator (4) to Raman (FBG) demodulator (2), Raman (FBG) demodulator (2)
The information recalled passes to host computer (1)；
Light path two: the light of the light source injection of industrial computer (5) is transferred to a port of circulator (4) through optical fiber splitter (3), from
Another port transmission of circulator (4), to bonder (9), enters sensor fibre through bonder (9) and arrives faraday's reflecting mirror
(8), optical signal is reflected back down-hole sensor fibre (7) through faraday's reflecting mirror (8) and through bonder (9), optical signal transmission is returned work
Photo-detector in control machine (5)；
Light path three: the light of the light source injection of industrial computer (5) is transferred to a port of circulator (4) through optical fiber splitter (3), from
Another port transmission of circulator (4), to bonder (9), enters sensor fibre through bonder (9) and arrives faraday's reflecting mirror
(8), optical signal is reflected back down-hole sensor fibre (7) through faraday's reflecting mirror (8) and passes through time delay from top to bottom through bonder (9)
The photo-detector in industrial computer (5) it is transferred to after Transmission Fibers (6)；
Light path four: the light of the light source injection of industrial computer (5) is transferred to a port of circulator (4) through optical fiber splitter (3), from
Another port transmission of circulator (4), to bonder (9), is transferred to coupling through delay transport optical fiber (6) from bottom to top again
Device (9), enters down-hole sensor fibre (7) through bonder (9) and arrives faraday's reflecting mirror (8), and optical signal is through faraday's reflecting mirror
(8) down-hole sensor fibre (7) the photo-detector in industrial computer (5) passed back by bonder (9) it are reflected back.
Down-hole disturbing signal monitoring with temperature self-compensation the most according to claim 1 and positioner, its feature exists
In: described bonder (9) is 3X3 bonder.
6. use the down-hole disturbing signal monitoring with temperature self-compensation described in claim 1 and the downhole temperature of positioner
Monitoring method, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps that
Step one, determine the stokes light of light path one and the strength ratio of anti-Stokes light and the relational expression of temperature；
R (T)=Pa(T)/Ps(T)=(λs/λa)exp(-hcΔγ/kT)
Step 2, above formula is simplified, it is thus achieved that temperature information；
T=-hc Δ γ/k{ln [Pa(T)/Ps(T)]-ln(λs/λa)=f [R (T)]
λ in formulas, λaBeing respectively stokes light and the wavelength of anti-Stokes light, h is Planck's constant, and c is the light velocity in vacuum,
Δ γ is skew wave number, and k is Boltzmann constant, and T is absolute temperature, and f [R (T)] is the function of R (T), PaAnd P (T)s(T) this
Lentor light and the intensity of anti-Stokes light.
7. use the down-hole disturbing signal monitoring with temperature self-compensation described in claim 1 self-complementary with the temperature of positioner
Repay and localization method, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps that
Step one, demodulate the temperature distribution parameter of light path one；
Formula one T=-hc Δ γ/k{ln [Pa(T)/Ps(T)]-ln(λs/λa)=f [R (T)]
λ in formulas, λaBeing respectively stokes light and the wavelength of anti-Stokes light, h is Planck's constant, and c is the light velocity in vacuum,
Δ γ is skew wave number, and k is Boltzmann constant, and T is absolute temperature, and f [R (T)] is the function of R (T), PaAnd P (T)s(T) this
Lentor light and the intensity of anti-Stokes light；
Step 2, by the space rate resolution adjustment respectively of fiber Raman (FBG) demodulator (2) to light path three and the interference of light path four
The spatial resolution of light is identical, it is ensured that temperature measuring point can be followed the tracks of disturbance and measure point；
Step 3, the time-domain signal of the two-way interference light intensity obtained according to light path three and light path four, demodulate two bundle coherent lights
Phase contrast, and the impact of the phase contrast caused according to step a pair temperature compensates, and draws what well interfering signal was formed
Phase difference φ,
Formula two
In formula For the comprehensive axial strain of optical fiber, L is the light that light is propagated
Fine length, Δ L is optical fiber axial deflection, and μ is optical fiber Poisson's ratio, and n is the effective refractive index of fiber core, KTFibre strain temperature
Degree sensitivity coefficient, KzOptical fiber external forces ga(u)ge factor, p1、p2For optical fiber strain optical coefficient, β is that light wave propagation is normal
Number, f [R (T)] is the function of R (T)；
Step 4, the N number of monitoring point on optical fiber is carried out distributed temperature self compensation；
Formula three
In formula For the comprehensive axial strain of optical fiber, L is the light that light is propagated
Fine length, Δ L is optical fiber axial deflection, and μ is optical fiber Poisson's ratio, and n is the effective refractive index of fiber core, KTFibre strain temperature
Degree sensitivity coefficient, KzOptical fiber external forces ga(u)ge factor, p1、p2For optical fiber strain optical coefficient, β is that light wave propagation is normal
Number, f [R (T)] is the function of R (T)；
Step 5, phase difference φ producing down-hole interference source do Fourier transformation, draw the frequency spectrum data of phase contrast, and profit
The temperature information recorded by step one carries out positioning temperature-compensating, by the effect of temperature on fiber for people again
Formula four?
Formula five
T in formula0Shine the time difference of return for optical signal, L is the fiber lengths that light is propagated, and n is effective refraction of fiber core
Rate, C is the light velocity in vacuum, LjFor a certain monitoring segment fiber lengths, TjFor a certain monitoring segment fiber optic temperature, εTFor optical fiber
Thermal coefficient of expansion, f (R (Tj) it is this fiber segment temperature of utilizing that Raman principle records, LTFor by lay ambient temperature field and
Disturbance acts on the extension position of optical fiber simultaneously；
Step 6, simplify formula five obtain perturbation action point temperature compensated after position L0；
Formula six
L in formula0For perturbation action point position after temperature compensated, LTFor being acted on by laying ambient temperature field and disturbance simultaneously
The extension position of optical fiber, LjFor a certain monitoring segment fiber lengths, TjFor a certain monitoring segment fiber optic temperature, εTHeat for optical fiber
The coefficient of expansion, f (R (Tj) it is this fiber segment temperature of utilizing that Raman principle records.
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