CN106195015B - A kind of crossed roller bearing and preparation method thereof of the raceway with convexity - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of crossed roller bearing and preparation method thereof of the raceway with convexity, it is characterized in that the V-type rolling channel of crossed roller bearing has convexity, convex includes straight line, circular arc type conic section and logarithmic curve, V-type rolling channel crush grinding forming with convexity or accurate hard vehicle forming, or the V-type rolling channel with convexity and the other important polished surfaces of lasso are shaped in the accurate hard vehicle of the sequence in positioning that is once loaded.Raceway is compared without convexity and the crossed roller bearing of grinding forming by the crossed roller bearing with convexity of the design, processing, significantly reduce or even completely avoid the edge effect of roller-raceway contact pair, improve the contact condition of roller periphery and end face and raceway, reduce bearing operation friction power loss and temperature rise, improve the resistance to warping ability of bearing, to improve running accuracy, bearing capacity, operational reliability and the service life of bearing, there is very important practical meaning in engineering.

Description

A kind of crossed roller bearing and preparation method thereof of the raceway with convexity

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of rolling bearings, in particular to crossed roller bearing and its system of a kind of raceway with convexity Make method.

Background technique

Applicant once addressed in the accurate hard molding rolling bearing of vehicle of 2014100202253 lassos and its processing method general The structure of the raceway of logical airframe bearing and the hard turning processing method of raceway, solve raceway present in ball race grinding processing and forming The problems such as cross sectional shape design is limited, grinding is rotten or even burns, enables each surface of lasso to be designed towards operating condition, and It can be formed with the very high accuracy of form and position, be had to high the designing and manufacturing for performance rolling bearing such as high sealing, high reliability Practical meaning in engineering.But the prior art is not directed to the improvement development of crossed roller bearing structure and production method, is not able to satisfy still The needs of crossed roller bearing technology development.The application is further to be improved, and be expanded to crossed roller bearing and its add Work method field.

Crossed roller bearing is structurally, unlike the general structure rolling bearing in 2014100202253: set Enclosing raceway is in " V " type, because axial, radially and angularly connected load can be born simultaneously, it is axial, radially and angularly all have very High rigidity and be more and more widely used, especially in operating rigidity and the relatively high host and system of required precision, Such as waist, crotch, precision instrumentation main shaft of precision machine tool turntable, industrial robot etc., other types of bearing is compared, With significant advantage.

Crossed roller bearing lasso working surface, that is, raceway geometry is different from other types of bearing, lasso raceway In " V " type.In the prior art, the plain line of V-type rolling channel is straight line, without any convexity.The plain line of lasso raceway is straight line Advantage is simple shape, and production is easier to, but also therefore there are some technologies more outstanding and quality problems.It is rolled due to intersecting The raceway shape of sub- bearing and with the contact condition of roller all very especially, raceway shape is V-shaped, when one of roller Wherein side raceway contact of the working surface (being cylindrical surface to cylindrical roller, be circular conical surface to taper roller) with a lasso When, inactive face, that is, end face of the roller is just in contact with the other side raceway of the lasso；And the rolling adjacent with the roller Son, the reverse be true.Therefore while the either side raceway in V-type rolling channel is in contact with the periphery of a row roller, also with The end face of the roller of other row square crossing arrangement is in contact.In other words, the either side raceway of V-type rolling channel had both been a row The raceway of roller is the rib of an other row roller again.Since the machining accuracy of roller end face is far away from outer round surface, also not as good as V Type raceway face, and since the hardness of roller is higher than the hardness of raceway, the contact area of roller end face and raceway is bigger, The risk that relatively hard and coarse roller end face abrades roller surface and scratches is bigger.When the raceway scratched by wiping is the same as another When the working surface contact of row roller, under relatively high contact stress effect, the flexibility of influence bearing operation, steady first Property, meanwhile, the root for scratching and also becoming beginning of fatigue failure is wiped, reliability and the service life of bearing operation are influenced.

Crossed roller bearing often uses that but load type not high in speed is complicated, load value is larger, respectively to required precision High occasion, such as precision machine tool turntable, industrial robot waist and crotch are high each to require axis in turn to running precision Very high radial rigidity, axial rigidity, angular stiffness or torque rigidity will be had by holding, in order to improve the rigidity of bearing, crossed roller Bearing often uses the clearance or even negative clearance of very little, and clearance very little is many plus roller inside crossed roller bearing, that is, rolls Son-raceway contact pair number is very much (N number of roller just has 4N Contact Pair), therefore brings the increasing of starting and operation friction torque Greatly, torque increase causes bearing temperature to increase in turn, and temperature increases the accuracy decline for necessarily leading to bearing and host, this is one The structural inconsistency of a objective reality, existing raceway is without convexity, the crossed roller bearing contacted with roller linear, in operation essence There are above-mentioned deficiencies in terms of degree and service life.

In heavier load, crossed roller bearing V-type rolling channel will lead to roller without convexity and connect with when raceway contact There is the odd allochoric edge effect of pressure in both ends, that is, raceway end in touching region, and will lead in the appearance of the middle part of raceway The phenomenon that pressure is concentrated, since bearing failure occurs in the maximum contact site of contact zone stress, the bearing capacity of bearing Decline is serious, is in contact the very risky of area part beginning of fatigue failure, and make the resistance to warping poor ability of roller, outside Portion's slightly eccentric load, bearing, which will exist, rotates ineffective or even clamping stagnation risk.

In existing crossed roller bearing structure, one of lasso is each by two using whole subdivision structure, the i.e. lasso Lasso with side raceway is fastened by attachment screw, since two halves lasso needs to make processing respectively before the heat treatment, no Only machining accuracy is poor, and processing efficiency is relatively low.

From manufacture craft, current art crossed roller bearing lasso raceway is formed using crush grinding mode, by sand The limitation that precision is not high and grinding radiating condition is very poor is taken turns, not only size and shape precision is not high enough for the lasso raceway after processing, And there are grinding skin or even grinding burn so that the shape and degradation of raceway, influence bearing running accuracy, Service life and reliability, in addition, not being the band convexity V-type rolling channel of straight line to raceway element line, crush grinding processing method is helpless

Summary of the invention

Crossed roller bearing the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of raceway with convexity, to overcome the above-mentioned of current art Deficiency, raceway band convexity crossed roller bearing can improve, roller end face avoided to scratch the wiping of roller surface, reduce bearing fortune Turn temperature rise, improves the resistance to warping ability of crossed roller bearing, the side for avoiding raceway both ends from being distributed with singular stress when roller contact Edge effect, and then significantly improve behavior in service and the service life of bearing.Meanwhile a kind of local dissection type ferrule arrangement being provided, so that Crossed roller bearing had not only been able to satisfy the needs of loading roller and roller spacing block, but also had than existing lasso entirety split type structure There are higher machining accuracy, assembly precision and lower processing cost.Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of raceway bands The production method of the crossed roller bearing of convexity, the processing method including the V-type rolling channel with convexity in roller bearing ferrule, makes Quality, service life and the productivity of crossed roller bearing improve.

Technical scheme is as follows:

1, the present invention is a kind of crossed roller bearing of the raceway with convexity, including crossed cylindrical roller bearing and intersection circular cone Roller bearing, characterized in that the crossed roller bearing includes with the outer ring of V-arrangement raceway in annular, there is the outer V-arrangement of annular to roll Between the inner ring in road, insertion outer ring V-type rolling channel and inner ring V-type rolling channel and the roller of cross arrangement or further include roller spacing block, Lubricant, sealing element and attachment screw, the V-type rolling channel of at least one lasso are band convexity V-type rolling channel.

Band convexity V-type rolling channel in the present patent application not only improves roller working surface (roller periphery) same to raceway Contact condition, and improve roller inactive face (roller end face) with the contact condition of raceway, roller be alleviated or avoided Scratch of the end face to roller surface improves the resistance to warping ability of bearing, reduces the moment of friction and operating temperature rise of bearing, avoids The odd allochoric edge effect of roller-raceway contact end stress, to significantly improve running accuracy and the operation of bearing Reliability extends the service life of bearing.

2, the above-mentioned convex with convexity V-type rolling channel include straight plain line style, full dome camber, circular arc and straight line intersection type, Circular arc and straight line phase cut type, circular arc and circular arc phase cut type, multi-section circular arc repairing type or logarithmic curve convex；The band convexity V-type The convexity amount of raceway is less than 500 microns.

Band convexity V-type rolling channel, refer to that the two sides raceway geometry element line of V-type rolling channel is no longer straight line, but roller with (convex portion does not include between the chamfering between raceway and rib and raceway and bottom runby slot to raceway virtual contact width Chamfering) middle part protrusion, to two sides reduce, by taking logarithm convex as an example, be exactly raceway supporting surface shape of generatrix be by middle part It is a symmetrical logarithmic curve composition to two sides, protrusion in the middle part of logarithmic curve bus reduces, logarithmic curve bus to two sides Both ends be smoothly connected with two chamfering circular arcs.

Crossed roller bearing with rib and is got in raceway width with roller length ratio, raceway bus with cylinder roller bearing The angle of journey slot (or oil duct), the draw ratio of roller itself, running speed, suffered external load type, size etc. difference Not totally different, convex design and convexity amount cannot indiscriminately imitate cylinder roller bearing, it is necessary to be designed according to the whole of crossed roller bearing Input carries out numerical value by computer and calculates acquisition.Existing specific difference such as following table between two kinds of bearings.

When crossed roller bearing raceway is without convexity, roller end face can abrade raceway, the reason is that, roller end face can contact To raceway, and roller end face is harder and coarse than raceway；Bearing operation temperature increases, the reason is that, roller-raceway rubs in bearing It wipes secondary number to increase at double, and roller end face can contact scratch raceway；Bearing resistance to warping ability is low, the reason is that, in bearing Portion's clearance very little and usually from negative value, there are many secondary number of Bearing inner friction, and the contact condition of each friction pair is Threadiness, under the action of tilting moment or when there is decentraction in inner ring and outer ring, two objects of Contact Pair it is mutual from Adjustment, adaptability are very poor, easily lead to bearing clamping stagnation.After crossed roller bearing raceway band convexity, these problems will be obtained To substantive improvement or thoroughly solution.

3, the lasso with convexity V-type rolling channel is bearing outer ring.The friction damage of outer ring raceway overweights inner ring.

4, inner ring described in one kind is also provided or outer ring is the crossed roller bearing structure of local dissection type, including with rolling The lasso of road notch is mended by raceway block coincide with notch, comprising one side section raceway of V-type rolling channel is stifled in indentation, there, raceway Block is stifled to be axially fastened together by attachment screw and notched lasso along lasso, and the lasso with V-type rolling channel is formed.

With the lasso part dissection type crossed roller bearing that block blocks up, relative to lasso entirety dissection type crossed roller bearing, With significant technology as shown in the table and quality-advantage.

5, the present invention also provides a kind of production methods of crossed roller bearing, including with the last of convexity V-type rolling channel lasso Processing (" finally the processing " refers to the last mechanical processing steps to the product, is assembled later), it is characterized in that packet Include following methods:

Method 1), lasso V-type rolling channel shaped with through the corrected grinding wheel crush grinding of emery wheel, or

Method 2), the hard vehicle of precision of 2 datum levels of pre-grinding, the method can be such that processing efficiency improves.Method 2) include:

2A), the hard vehicle of precision of outer ring V-type rolling channel, step includes: to be ground in advance to the datum end face and periphery of outer ring Shape adsorbs datum end face by the pole shoe being fixed on magnechuck, and by the guide surface guidance periphery on pole shoe with fast Speed centers, to including at least not being ground to polished surface accurate hard vehicle forming including the V-type rolling channel of outer ring；Or

2B), the hard vehicle of precision of inner ring V-type rolling channel, step includes: to be ground in advance to the datum end face of inner ring and inner headed face Shape adsorbs datum end face by the pole shoe being fixed on magnechuck, and by the guide surface guidance inner headed face on pole shoe with fast Speed centers, to including at least not being ground to polished surface accurate hard vehicle forming including inner ring V-type rolling channel；Or

Method 3), the hard vehicle of precision of 1 datum level of pre-grinding, the method can make location error between each machined surface minimum. Method 3) include:

3A) the accurate hard vehicle of electromagnetic adsorption, step includes: to pass through magnechuck to reference face of ring grinding forming in advance It directly adsorbs or is fixed on while the pole shoe on magnechuck adsorbs the datum end face and set up center, V is included at least to outer ring Including type raceway and periphery, inner ring include at least including V-type rolling channel and inner headed face not being ground it is accurate hard to polished surface Vehicle forming；

3B) the hard vehicle of vertical fine；Step includes: lasso of the vertical hard vehicle outer diameter at 300 millimeters or more, in advance to set cycle basis Reference face of ring, is then horizontally arranged by the forming of quasi- cross grinding downward, ferrule central axis, lathe rotation of rotary table axis and After the unification of three line of lasso support central axis, lasso is directly anchored on lathe turntable, or is secured the collar against by support On turntable, then to outer ring including at least including V-type rolling channel and periphery, including inner ring is including at least V-type rolling channel and inner headed face Be not ground to the accurate hard vehicle forming of polished surface.

6, above-mentioned method 2), 3) in, be that will carry out accurate hard vehicle forming with convexity V-type rolling channel with numerical control method: working as rolling When road convex is that plain line is only made of straight line and circular arc, using ISO code instruction programming；When raceway element line includes non-circular secondary song Line, such as when logarithmic curve, using custom macro program functional programming.

7, accurate hard vehicle forming cutter material used includes that CBN, PCBN, diamond, diamond-like, ceramics and hard close Gold, nose angle are not more than 45 degree, and the surface roughness value Ra after accurate hard vehicle forming is less than or equal to 1.6 microns, accurate vehicle firmly at The shape and position precision on shape surface are at least up to P5 grades, and the convexity amount of accurate hard vehicle V-type rolling channel is less than 500 microns.

8, a kind of production method of the crossed roller bearing of lasso that band block is stifled is also provided, characterized in that including walking as follows It is rapid: (1) to make the whole lasso vehicle base with V-type rolling channel, design is machined with raceway block and blocks up fixed screw hole on vehicle base, and screw hole is along set Circle is axial to pass through V-type rolling channel bottom from one side end face of lasso；(2) whole lasso vehicle base is quenched, tempering heat treatment；(3) Using low-speed WEDM, walk U-shaped track, cut out including fixing threaded hole, width not less than the filled roller diameter of bearing and Spacing block width, highly be equal to end face to the equal raceway block of V-type rolling channel distance from bottom, two lateral incision thickness block up, generate simultaneously With the stifled U-shaped raceway notch to match of raceway block；(4) raceway block is blocked up with attachment screw and is fastened with notched bearing ring, Match the grinding after being heat-treated and accurate hard Vehicle Processing；(5) when bearing assemble assembles, attachment screw is unclamped, raceway is taken away Block is stifled, inserts whole rollers and spacing block from lasso indentation, there；(6) it is stifled to be put into raceway block, and fastened with attachment screw and lasso, Complete the trap of bearing ring and rolling element.

The present invention is crossed roller bearing and preparation method thereof of the raceway with convexity, including the crossed cylindrical roller with convexity Bearing and intersection tapered roller bearing with convexity, its main feature is that, the raceway of lasso has convexity, the raceway numerical control grinding with convexity It is whittled into shape or the hard vehicle forming of numerically-controlled precise.

Track convex degree is related to two parameters of convex and convexity amount, although as previously mentioned, there are many raceway convexs, from rolling Son-raceway contact stress along raceway width distribution as far as possible uniformly, preferably avoid edge effect from the point of view of, can be preferential The logarithmic curve convex of variable curvature shown in circular arc shown in Fig. 8 E and the tangent convex of circular arc and Fig. 8 G is selected, convexity amount then will basis Specific bearing parameter and operating condition condition (such as lubricating condition, revolving speed, load type and magnitude of load etc.), pass through calculating Machine carries out numerical value and calculates acquisition.Circular arc and the tangent convex of circular arc, advantage is in the junction of circular arc and circular arc because tangent and flat It slips over and crosses, but circular arc still falls within and determines curvature curve, it is counter so that each position since the curvature of different geometric positions (point) is the same The contact stress of (point) is different；Logarithmic curve is variable curvature conic section, and with the variation of geometric position (point), curvature is mutually strained Change, can thus make the contact stress of each position (point) identical, i.e. iso-stress, it in this way can be to raceway and rolling element worksheet The material equal strength of each point utilizes on face, and due to logarithmic curve everywhere continuous, smooth, either from avoiding raceway from wiping The angle of wound still avoids the angle of singular stress distribution (each point stress seriously differs), and logarithmic curve is all crossed roller bearing The optimal convex of raceway.

On the V-type rolling channel band of crossed roller bearing after convexity, for machining accuracy, the assembly precision for further increasing bearing And operating accuracy, existing crossed roller bearing lasso entirety split type structure is innovated as partial cutaway separation structure, is not only simplified Process flow reduces processing cost, improves machining accuracy, and also improves the assembly precision of bearing, avoids bearing The risk of the microcosmic dislocation of two halves lasso in operation process.

V-type rolling channel with convexity can be formed if convexity amount is little, convex is also uncomplicated using crush grinding Method, but there are two principle technologies to limit to for crush grinding technique: and V-type (1) larger to convex amount or/and that convex is complicated is rolled Road is ground extremely difficult even helpless；(2) it is difficult to once be loaded multiple function surfaces sequence of lasso in positioning It processes, to ensure the mutual position accuracy of each function surface；(3) there are the important matter such as grinding skin or even grinding burn Amount problem.It is shaped using accurate hard vehicle, if being end face and periphery to outer ring, being end to inner ring there are two datum level is worn into Face and inner headed face can use mechanical installation way, but when mechanical clamping, outer ring must be positioned with periphery and end face, inner ring It must be positioned with inner headed face and end face, therefore, outer ring just can not carry out hard vehicle, inner ring to the periphery of outer ring in hard vehicle raceway When processing raceway, hard vehicle, but the inner headed face of the periphery of outer ring and roller surface, inner ring can not be just carried out to the inner headed face of inner ring Mutual position accuracy between roller surface is most important, and the height of this precision is direct, significantly affects the runnability of bearing. In addition, using the periphery of more valve clamps outer ring or the inner headed face of swelling inner ring can make lasso occur radial deformation (such as Outer ring outer circle three-clove style ladder collet can make outer ring that the deformation of trigone formula occur), the machining accuracy of lasso is influenced, width is compared For narrow, wall than relatively thin crossed roller bearing lasso, this negative effect is more significant, therefore, in order to obtain high shape and position Set precision, the present invention provides one in lasso or two surfaces are used as datum level, with accurate vehicle forming technology firmly and designs phase The clamp for machining and accessory answered, guarantee the implementation of technique.

Two end faces generally all can be ground out, when two by ring face regardless of whether both ends of the surface are symmetrically the same When end surface symmetric is identical or almost symmetry is identical, two end faces are ground simultaneously using double-ended grinding machine, two end faces area Bu Zuo Not, either end facet all can serve as the positioning reference plane of rear process；When both ends of the surface differ greatly, using single end face grinding machine, mill Another end face is regrinded behind a complete end face, arranges positioning reference plane of one of end face as rear process.End face is (even Two end faces are identical, can not distinguish) only to calculate be a datum level, therefore above in " two datum levels of pre-grinding ", two bases Quasi- face will not refer to two end faces of lasso, but finger tip face (is not ring face, is outer circle table to outer ring plus another Face；It is internal circular surfaces to inner ring) datum level, pre-grinding datum level, which refers to, is milled to final size for ground surface.In addition, to not being pre-grinding At being formed to reduce hard Vehicle Processing surplus, improve accurate hard vehicle efficiency in smart car to finishing processing surface for datum level Before, these surfaces can also be roughly ground.

To improve machining accuracy, accurate hard vehicle needs, to a curve and circular arc conic section, to use using numerical control device ISO instruction programming precision is sufficient for requiring, but working as convex is non-circular conic section, for example when logarithmic curve, is referred to using ISO Enable, the programming mode that multi-section circular arc approaches can not meet high-precision requirement, need using other high-precision programming modes.

The present invention program has the advantage that (1) track convex degree improves the friction between roller and raceway, reduces fever, Improve quality, the service life of bearing.(2) the practical load type and size progress of bearing is towards work when track convex degree is according to bearing working The targeted design of condition, the operational reliability for fundamentally improving bearing and the service life under actual working conditions；(3) convex Angle value is calculated according to working condition, is then processed, very flexibly, accurately；(4) simultaneously improve roller periphery and Both ends of the surface significantly reduce bearing starting and operation friction torque and bearing temperature rise, equally keep away with the contact condition of V-type rolling channel Exempt from scratch, temperature rise of the roller end face to raceway, it is all these, to running precision, the smoothness of operation, precision longevity for ensureing bearing Order and avoid bearing initial failure to have a very important significance；(5) existing when completely eliminating roller-raceway contact to answer Power edge effect improves the bearing capacity and resistance to warping ability of bearing, substantially prolongs the fatigue life of bearing.

In conclusion the application product can improve the performance of crossed roller bearing, service life, production method can improve intersection Quality, the production efficiency of roller bearing.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is band convexity crossed cylindrical roller bearing cut-away illustration.

Fig. 2A is bearing outer ring right view shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 2 B is bearing outer ring cut-away illustration shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is bearing inner race cut-away illustration shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is that subdivision band convexity in inner ring part intersects tapered roller bearing cut-away illustration.

Fig. 5 is bearing outer ring cut-away illustration shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 A is bearing inner race cut-away illustration shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 B is bearing inner race left view shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 C is that Fig. 4 is shown in the stifled production of inner ring raceway block, with the U-shaped track schematic diagram of linear cutter.

In Fig. 7 A crossed roller bearing lasso, without the straight raceway cutting partial enlargement diagram of convexity.

Fig. 7 B is crossed roller bearing lasso (removes and intersect tapered roller bearing internal ring), without the straight raceway cutting of convexity Partial enlargement geometrical relationship figure.

Fig. 7 C is to intersect in tapered roller bearing internal ring, without the straight raceway cutting partial enlarged view of convexity.

Fig. 8 A is straight plain line convex raceway cutting partial enlargement diagram.

Fig. 8 B is full convex arch raceway cutting partial enlargement diagram.

Fig. 8 C is circular arc and straight line intersection convex raceway cutting partial enlargement diagram.

Fig. 8 D is circular arc and the tangent convex raceway cutting partial enlargement diagram of straight line.

Fig. 8 E is circular arc and the tangent convex raceway cutting partial enlargement diagram of circular arc.

Fig. 8 F is that multi-section circular arc intersects convex raceway cutting partial enlargement diagram.

Fig. 8 G is logarithmic curve convex raceway cutting partial enlargement diagram.

Fig. 9 is that magnechuck directly adsorbs outer ring datum end face, accurate hard vehicle schematic diagram.

Figure 10 is that magnechuck passes through pole shoe absorption inner ring datum end face, accurate hard vehicle schematic diagram.

Figure 11 is the hard Vehicle Processing inner ring multi-surface schematic diagram of vertical fine.

Figure 12 is the pole shoe with outer ring outer circle guide surface and outer ring positioning relation schematic diagram.

Figure 13 is the pole shoe schematic diagram with inner ring inner circle guide surface.

Figure 14 is pole shoe and inner ring positioning relation schematic diagram in Figure 13.

Code name explanation in figure

Fig. 1 is outer ring entirety subdivision band convexity crossed cylindrical roller bearing cross-sectional view, including outer ring is two halves structure, and half is outer Circle 111 and another semi outer rings 112 are fastened by attachment screw 113, and inner ring 12 is in raceway band convexity crossed cylindrical roller bearing Circle, 13 be cylindrical roller, two row cylinder rollers in 90 degree one by one alternately intersection be placed between inner ring 12 and outer ring 11 with convex In the V-shaped groove of shape, Cong Tuzhong roller centre of gyration line distinguishes a row roller and an other row roller, the size and essence of two row rollers It spends identical.

It is whole subdivision, right side view with convexity crossed cylindrical roller bearing outer ring 12 that Fig. 2A, which is outer ring shown in Fig. 1, Two semi outer rings 111,112 are held together admittedly it can be seen that using three attachment screws in figure.

Fig. 2 B is the cut-away illustration of bearing outer ring shown in Fig. 1, it can be seen that V-type rolling channel is close to the side of datum end face Raceway is 45 degree with the angle between datum end face, and the angle between the raceway of two sides is 90 degree.When raceway with convexity, having When being no longer straight line in effect width range, the line between the beginning and end of crown curve, two sides raceway respectively obtains one Straight line, to the raceway close to datum end face side, which is similarly 45 degree with the angle between datum end face, two lines Between angle be similarly 90 degree, it is described herein equally suitable with related two angle designs of crowned raceway, processing, the principle of measurement Intersect outer ring and the inner ring of tapered roller bearing for the inner ring with convexity crossed cylindrical roller bearing, with convexity, behind just not It repeats one by one again.The same rib of raceway, raceway constitute obtuse angle on the inside of lasso entity with grinding undercut.

Fig. 3 is Fig. 1 middle (center) bearing inner ring cut-away illustration.

Fig. 4 is that band convexity intersects tapered roller bearing cross-sectional view, and 21 intersect tapered roller bearing outer ring for raceway band convexity, 22 intersect tapered roller bearing internal ring for raceway band convexity, and 23 be taper roller, and two rows of taper rollers are alternately handed over one by one in 90 degree Fork is placed, and intersects tapered roller bearing outer ring 21 shown in Fig. 4 and inner ring 22 is inner ring partial cutaway separation structure.

Fig. 5 is the outer ring cut-away illustration of intersection tapered roller bearing of the raceway with convexity in Fig. 4, which is whole outer Circle.

Fig. 6 A is the inner ring cut-away illustration that Fig. 4 inner ring part subdivision intersects tapered roller bearing with convexity.

Fig. 6 B is that the convexity of subdivision band in inner ring part shown in Fig. 4 intersects tapered roller bearing internal ring side view.

Fig. 6 C is the A direction view of Fig. 6 B.

Fig. 7 A is straight raceway cutting partial enlargement diagram of the crossed roller bearing lasso without convexity.Clearly to see that figure will Any groove-section amplification, and raceway element line is placed in horizontal position.It is all done so from Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 C, Fig. 8 A to Fig. 8 G 's.In Fig. 7 A, raceway element line AB is straight line, and AC is rib part, and BD is grinding undercut part, and raceway is with the intersection point of rib A, the intersection point with grinding undercut is B, and raceway is without convexity.

Fig. 7 B is crossed roller bearing lasso (remove and intersect tapered roller bearing internal ring) without the straight raceway cutting of convexity Partial enlargement geometrical relationship figure.In figure raceway element line AB be straight line, AC be rib part, BD be grinding undercut part, AB with Angle, AB and BD angle bearing entity on the outside of of the AC on the outside of bearing entity is 45 degree.

Fig. 7 C is to intersect tapered roller bearing internal ring without the straight raceway cutting partial enlargement geometrical relationship figure of convexity.In figure Raceway element line AB is straight line, and AC is rib part, and BD is grinding undercut part.Angle of the AB and AC on the outside of bearing entity be 45 degree subtract the coning angle (2 β) of the filled taper roller of bearing, the angle of AB and BD on the outside of bearing entity is 45 degree plus bearing The coning angle (2 β) of filled taper roller.

Fig. 8 A is straight plain line convex raceway cutting partial enlargement diagram.In figure, it is symmetrically distributed in raceway perpendicular bisector two sides A, the line AB between B two o'clock is straight line, and the radius of convexity circular arc is R, and the radius of chamfering circular arc is r, left side convexity circular arc with The intersection point of raceway straightway is A, with the intersection point of chamfering circular arc is C, and the intersection point of chamfering circular arc and raceway-lip is E, and EG is rib Part；The intersection point of right side convexity circular arc and straight line raceway is B and the intersection point of chamfering circular arc is D, the friendship of chamfering circular arc and grinding undercut Point is F, and FH is grinding undercut part.It is track convex degree amount Td from raceway highest point measurement to the distance of C point or D point.

Fig. 8 B is full convex arch raceway cutting partial enlargement diagram, and in figure, convexity arc radius is Rc, convexity circular arc Intersection point with rib is A, and the intersection point with grinding undercut is B, and AC is rib part, and BD is grinding undercut part.From raceway highest point degree The distance for measuring A point or B point is track convex degree amount Td.

Fig. 8 C is circular arc and straight line intersection convex raceway cutting partial enlargement diagram, and in figure, convexity arc radius is Rc, It is connected between convexity circular arc and rib by straightway AC, is connected between grinding undercut by straightway BD, convexity circular arc and AC, BD is equal Intersection, EC are rib part, and DF is grinding undercut part.It is track convex degree amount from raceway highest point measurement to the distance of A point or B point Td。

Fig. 8 D is circular arc and the tangent convex raceway cutting partial enlargement diagram of straight line, and in figure, convexity arc radius is Rc, It is connected between convexity circular arc and rib by straightway AC, is connected between grinding undercut by straightway BD, convexity circular arc and AC, BD is equal Tangent, EC is rib part, and DF is grinding undercut part.It is track convex degree amount from raceway highest point measurement to the distance of A point or B point Td。

Fig. 8 E is circular arc and the tangent convex raceway cutting partial enlargement diagram of circular arc, and in figure, convexity arc radius is Rc, It is connected between convexity circular arc and rib by the arc section AC that radius is R, the arc section BD phase for being R by radius between grinding undercut Even, convexity circular arc and AC circular arc, BD circular arc are tangent, and EC is rib part, and DF is grinding undercut part.It is measured from raceway highest point It is track convex degree amount Td to the distance of A point or B point.

Fig. 8 F multi-section circular arc intersects (showing 5 sections) convex raceway cutting partial enlargement diagram, in figure, five sections of circular arcs Radius be respectively Rc1, Rc2, Rc3, Rc4, Rc5, five sections of circular arc constituent curve AB, the chamfering circle between convexity circular arc and rib Arc is AC, radius r, and the chamfering circular arc between convexity circular arc and grinding undercut is BD, and radius r, EC are rib part, and DF is more Journey slot part.It is track convex degree amount Td from raceway highest point measurement to the distance of A point or B point.

Fig. 8 G logarithmic curve convex raceway cutting partial enlargement diagram, in figure, AB sections are logarithmic curve, logarithmic curve Highest point slowly reduces on the perpendicular bisector of raceway effective width, to two sides, and logarithmic curve is with the chamfering circular arc between rib AC, radius r are BD with the chamfering circular arc between grinding undercut, and radius r, EC are rib part, and DF is grinding undercut part.From It is track convex degree amount Td that raceway highest point, which is measured to the distance of A point or B point,.

Fig. 9 is the outer ring manuscript being directly installed on magnetic holding device.

Figure 10 is the inner ring manuscript by pole shoe on magnetic holding device.

Figure 11 is vertical Vehicle Processing figure.

Figure 12 is the outer ring manuscript in magnetic holding device pole shoe (with outer circle guide surface).

Figure 13 is the magnetic holding device figure with inner ring inner circle guide surface pole shoe.

Figure 14 is the inner ring manuscript on pole shoe shown in Figure 13.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention will be described in detail.

Embodiment 1 is crossed roller bearing schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1, is that outer ring entirety subdivision band convexity crossing cylinder rolls Sub- bearing, including with the outer ring 11 of V-arrangement raceway in annular, with the inner ring 12 of V-arrangement raceway outside annular, insertion outer ring V-type rolling Between road and inner ring V-type rolling channel and cross arrangement cylindrical roller 13, outer ring 11 is designed as two halves structure, including two halves lasso 111 and 112, two halves lasso is integral outer ring by the connection fastening of several attachment screws 113.It can be seen that from Fig. 2 B and Fig. 3 interior The angle of circle and outer ring V-type rolling channel between the raceway and respective datum end face of respective datum end face side is 45 degree, two sides Angle between raceway is 90 degree, and V-type rolling channel is clipped between lasso rib and the grinding undercut of raceway bottom.

Crossed roller bearing general or compared with light load can be arranged on the V-type rolling channel of the outer ring shown in Fig. 2 B and Fig. 5 as schemed Protrusion shown in 8A or 8E is (because the raceway geometry of outer ring is inner circle poppet surface, frictional contact surface when contacting with roller end face It is larger, be easier to be damaged compared with inner ring raceway), to reduce roller end face to the scratch of roller surface, reduction bearing temperature rise, raising axis The running accuracy service life held and fatigue life.

Crossed roller bearing under severe duty, scratch, reduction bearing temperature rise, raising in order to avoid roller to roller surface The resistance to warping ability of bearing avoids singular stress distribution under severe duty (i.e. the stress of contact end is concentrated) phenomenon, to mention The behavior in service and operational reliability of high bearing, in the convexity of inner ring and the equal band of outer ring raceway as illustrated in fig. 8e, convexity is by three sections The tangent composition of circular arc, intermediate arc radius are Rc, and center of arc is located on the perpendicular bisector of raceway width, and two sides arc radius is R, two circular arcs that the circular arc and radius that radius is Rc are R each are tangent with A, B two o'clock, the circular arc that the radius close to rib is R It is tangential on C point with rib, the radius close to grinding undercut is the circular arc of R and grinding undercut is tangential on D point, and EC is rib part, and DF is Grinding undercut part.It is track convex degree amount Td from raceway highest point measurement to the distance of A point or B point, range is at 0.1 micron to 500 Micron.Parameter Rc, R and Td are installed in bearing and service condition (such as the speed of service, load type and size etc.) is it is known that bearing After design parameter (material parameter, geometric parameter etc.) other than convexity is determined, by computer carry out numerical value calculate to Out.

Since convexity is formed by three sections of circular arcs are tangent, it is convex compared to straight line and straight line intersection, circular arc and straight line intersection The advantage that type has transition smooth, smooth.But circular arc is to determine curvature conic section, the song at the different location point of entire raceway Only there are two values for rate radius, and middle raceway Rc, raceway both ends are R, and the radius of curvature at different location point is equal, in turn The contact stress that will lead to each point differs, but can be than the singular stress Distribution Phenomena of no crowned raceway (the more heavy this phenomenon of load It is more significant) it is significantly improved, due to the tangent convex programming of three sections of circular arcs, the processing is simple, which still has extraordinary Practical application value.

Embodiment 2, inner ring part subdivision band convexity intersect tapered roller bearing-logarithmic curve convex

Inner ring part subdivision band convexity intersects tapered roller bearing as shown in figure 4, outer including outer ring 21, inner ring 22, insertion It encloses between V-type rolling channel and inner ring V-type rolling channel and the taper roller 23 of cross arrangement, the vertex of a cone of row's taper roller and another row is round The vertex of a cone of cone roller respectively falls in the two o'clock of bearing centre of gyration line upper bearing (metal) two sides.Outer ring 21 is as shown in figure 5, for whole knot Structure, inner ring 22 is as shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 6 A, 6B and 6C, and for the sufficient amount of taper roller 23 of filling in bearing, inner ring 22 is designed For the partial cutaway separation structure blocked up with raceway block, inner ring 22 is blocked up 222 and block is blocked up 222 by notched inner ring 221, block is affixed to band Attachment screw 223 on notch inner ring 221, in inner ring radial direction, notch is open-minded from inner ring rib to internal circular surfaces；Inside Axial direction is enclosed, notch reaches in the middle part of V-type rolling channel from end face；In inner ring circumferencial direction, gap width is greater than the filled roller of bearing The width (diagram bearing as completely fills crossed roller bearing without spacing block) of diameter and filled spacing block, to guarantee that bearing closes It is set with timing, roller and spacing block can smoothly be inserted between inner ring V-type rolling channel and outer ring V-type rolling channel from indentation, there, and block stifled 222 is same It coincide with the notch size on notch inner ring 221, therefore, using attachment screw 223, block is just blocked up into 222 closure and is connected in band On notch inner ring 221, complete inner ring 22 is formed.From fig. 5, it can be seen that rolling of the outer ring V-type rolling channel close to datum end face side Road is 45 degree with datum end face angle, and the angle between the raceway of two sides is 90 degree, and Fig. 6 A can be seen that inner ring close to datum end face The raceway of side fills 2 β of coning angle of taper roller plus bearing by 45 degree with the angle between datum end face, two sides raceway it Between angle be 90 degree plus 4 β, V-type rolling channel is clipped between lasso rib and the grinding undercut of raceway bottom.Inner ring and outer ring raceway Convexity shown in band Fig. 8 G, convex is logarithmic curve, and the highest point of logarithmic curve AB is in the middle separated time of raceway width, from this Point is gradually decreased to two sides, and EC straight line is rib part, is connect with logarithmic curve AB by the circular arc chamfering that radius is r, FD is straight Line is grinding undercut part, same as logarithmic curve AB to be connected by the circular arc chamfering that radius is r, the highest point of logarithmic curve to A The distance between point or B point Td are the convexity amount of logarithmic curve or raceway, and range is at 0.1 micron to 500 microns.Logarithmic curve side Coefficient entry, constant term, convex value Td in journey are installed and service condition (such as the speed of service, load type and size in bearing Deng) it is known that design parameter (material parameter, geometric parameter etc.) of the bearing other than convexity be determined after, by computer into The calculating of line number value provides.

Logarithmic curve is variable curvature conic section, i.e., the curvature of each point becomes with the variation of position on logarithm convex raceway Change, so that, when contacting with roller working surface, the contact stress of each point is equal or of substantially equal, while again because right Number curve each point is smooth continuous everywhere, accordingly, it can be said that no matter logarithmic curve convex raceway is from avoiding raceway scratch, reduce temperature rise It is all ideal convex raceway or from the perspective of avoiding contact with singular stress Distribution Phenomena.Certainly, logarithmic curve The Precision Machining of convex raceway needs to program using numerically-controlled machine tool using custom macro program.Custom macro program programming, can make With variable, and variable assignments is given, can be jumped when running with operation, program between constant, substantially increase the flexible of programming The machining accuracy of property and non-circular conic section.

Embodiment 3, inner ring part subdivision band convexity intersect tapered roller bearing structure, processing and assembly

Local subdivision crossed roller bearing only needs the one of lasso of local subdivision, and inner ring or outer ring, Fig. 4 provide inner ring Local subdivision intersects the installation diagram of tapered roller bearing with convexity, and Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional view of outer ring 21 therein, it can be seen that outer ring 21 be overall structure, and Fig. 6 A is 22 cross-sectional view of inner ring therein, and Fig. 6 B is 22 left side view of inner ring therein, and Fig. 6 C is in Fig. 6 B A direction view, it can be seen that inner ring 22 is partial cutaway separation structure, by notched inner ring 221, raceway block stifled 222 and connection spiral shell 223 composition of nail, wherein block is blocked up 222 and is fixed on notched inner ring 221 by attachment screw 223, and block is stifled and notch matches.Office The manufacturing method of portion's subdivision structure inner ring 22 is as follows: (1) making the integral inner ring vehicle base with V-type rolling channel, design processing on vehicle base There is raceway block to block up fixed screw hole, screw hole axially passes through V-type rolling channel bottom from one side end face of lasso along lasso and extends one forward Section distance, lasso beam overall are B；(2) integral inner ring vehicle base is quenched, tempering heat treatment；(3) low-speed WEDM is used, U-shaped track (as shown in Figure 6 C) is walked, is cut out including fixing threaded hole, width W is not less than the filled roller diameter of bearing and isolation The raceway block that block width, height H are equal to end face to V-type rolling channel distance from bottom, two lateral incision thickness T-phase etc. blocks up 222, generates simultaneously With the stifled U-shaped raceway notch to match of raceway block；(4) raceway block is blocked up into 222 and notched bearing inner race with attachment screw 223 The grinding after being heat-treated and accurate hard Vehicle Processing are matched in 221 fastenings；(5) when bearing assemble assembles, attachment screw is unclamped 223, raceway block stifled 222 is taken away, by the V of whole rollers 23 and spacing block filling outer ring 21 from notched bearing inner race 221 Between type raceway and the V-type rolling channel of inner ring 22；(6) raceway block stifled 222 is put back to, and with attachment screw 223 and with notch inner ring 221 The trap of bearing ring and rolling element is completed in fastening.It entirely processes in bearing in assembling process, block is blocked up and cut from which lasso Get off, follows the pairing of this lasso always in processing and assembling process, processed and assembled, should not obscured.

Crush grinding forming and machining method of the embodiment 4 with convexity outer ring

As shown in Figure 2 A and 2 B, crush grinding method of the outer ring 11 with convexity V-type rolling channel is rolled with existing without convexity V-type The crush grinding process principle in road is identical, before being included in grinding race, is first ground the end face outer ring Liang Ge and outer round surface, so Outer ring datum end face is adsorbed using electric magnetic no-core clamp afterwards, periphery grinding race is supported, the difference is that stone face is wanted The band concavity on the contrary with track convex degree is ground, to guarantee the shape on stone surface it is necessary to using band and raceway The same emery wheel of convexity modifies grinding wheel, to customize emery wheel thus.When outer ring is made of two halves, outside two halves Circle will match under attachment screw tightening state carries out grinding.

With convex roller bearing inner race as shown in figure 3, the crush grinding method of inner wrap strip convexity V-type rolling channel is the same as existing It is identical without the crush grinding process principle of convexity V-type rolling channel, before being included in grinding race, first it is ground two end faces of inner ring With inner ring internal circular surfaces, electric magnetic no-core clamp is then used, adsorbs inner ring datum end face, support inner ring raceway face grinding inner ring rolling Road (branch raceway grind raceway process), the difference is that the stone face concavity of wanting band on the contrary with track convex degree into Row grinding, to guarantee the shape on stone surface it is necessary to carrying out using emery wheel of the band as track convex degree to grinding wheel Finishing, will customize emery wheel thus.

When inner ring is partial cutaway separation structure, raceway block is stifled to fasten shape with the attachment screw of the inner ring with corresponding notch Pairing carries out accurate hard Vehicle Processing under state.

The accurate hard vehicle lasso of embodiment 5 (using the 3A method in production method) electromagnetic adsorption

The hard vehicle forming of multi-surface combined precision, by the lasso with V-type rolling channel in clamped one time positioning the accurate hard vehicle of sequence Forming.Before accurate hard vehicle forming, only one fine grinding end face of lasso is as datum level.It is as shown in Figure 10 the hard of inner ring Vehicle shapes, and several T-slots are had on magnechuck, pole shoe are concentrically mounted on magnechuck with attachment screw, workpiece benchmark Face is sucked with one heart by pole shoe end face.To guarantee that cutter will not be interfered in processing with pole shoe, the outer diameter of pole shoe end is less than The outer diameter of lasso datum level, the internal diameter of pole shoe end are greater than the internal diameter of lasso datum level.In clamped one time positioning, it is sequentially completed The hard Vehicle Processing of precision to rib, V-type rolling channel, other end and internal circular surfaces.Since inner ring raceway has convexity, number need to be used The accurate hard vehicle of control, in the case where known to raceway convex and convex value being situation known to raceway element line equation, when raceway element line is only by straight When line and circular arc form, using ISO code instruction programming；When raceway element line includes non-circular conic section, such as when logarithmic curve, Using custom macro program functional programming.Accurate hard vehicle uses CBN or PCBN blade, and the surface roughness value Ra after processing is less than etc. In 1.6 microns, the shape and position precision on surface are at least up to P5 grades.The convexity amount of accurate hard vehicle raceway can be from 0 to 500 micro- Rice.When inner ring is partial cutaway separation structure, raceway block it is stifled will with the inner ring with corresponding notch under attachment screw tightening state Pairing carries out accurate hard Vehicle Processing.

The hard vehicle forming of embodiment 6, the precision that outer ring is illustrated in figure 9 (using the 3A method in production method), step Suddenly similar with the hard Vehicle Processing of the inner ring of embodiment 5, only without pole shoe, in accurate hard turning or rib, if making cutter It is not interfered with magnechuck, the chamfer dimesion between the two surfaces and datum end face cannot be too small.

Embodiment 7, (using the 3B method in production method) hard vehicle of vertical fine；Band convexity crossed roller bearing inner ring is vertical The accurate hard vehicle forming and machining method-hard vehicle of multi-surface combined precision of formula

Such as Figure 11, when lasso outer diameter is more than 300 millimeters, especially more than 350 millimeters, workpiece size has exceeded big absolutely The range of work of part horizontal lathe, then use the hard vehicle forming process of vertical fine, and vertical lathe is installed to workpiece and provided One horizontal revolving stage (turntable is rotated around vertical central axis) is such as intended to process multiple critical functions in clamped one time positioning Lasso directly cannot be placed or be fixed on turntable by surface.As shown in figure 11, several T-slots are had on lathe turntable, are adopted With lasso seat supports lasso (being illustrated as inner ring), lasso support is fixed on turntable by support fixing bolt, lasso support With screw hole, for lasso after being placed on lasso support, force screw passes through the mounting hole or fabrication hole (crossed roller on lasso Often had several installation screw holes or through-hole on bearing outer ring and inner ring, if it's not true, can also process 3 or More fabrication holes) it secures the collar against on lasso support, the Concentric rotation together with turntable.

The end that lasso support is in contact with reference face of ring, outer diameter are slightly less than the outer diameter of reference face of ring side, Internal diameter is slightly larger than the internal diameter of reference edge surface side, in case cutter is interfered with support when processing.Such as Figure 11, only one mill of inner ring When at datum level, using such inner ring clamping fixing means, it can complete to include V-type rolling to inner ring in clamped one time positioning The hard vehicle forming of the combined precision of multiple function surfaces including road and internal circular surfaces.It is programmed by above-mentioned processing method, primary In Set and Positioning, it is sequentially completed the hard Vehicle Processing of precision to rib, V-type rolling channel and internal circular surfaces.

Since inner ring raceway has convexity, the hard vehicle of numerically-controlled precise need to be used, is being raceway known to raceway convex and convex value In situation known to plain line equation, when raceway element line is only made of straight line and circular arc, using ISO code instruction programming；Work as rolling Road element line includes non-circular conic section, such as when logarithmic curve, using custom macro program functional programming.Accurate hard vehicle uses CBN Or PCBN blade, the surface roughness value Ra after processing are less than or equal to 1.6 microns, the shape and position precision on surface are at least up to P5 grades.The convexity amount of accurate hard vehicle raceway can be from 0 to 500 micron.When inner ring is partial cutaway separation structure, raceway block is stifled will be Accurate hard Vehicle Processing is carried out with the inner ring with corresponding notch with pairing under attachment screw tightening state.Outer ring processing and inner ring class Seemingly, after outer ring clamping is fixed, can the accurate hard Vehicle Processing outer ring V-type rolling channel and outer round surface and other need processing department Position.

Embodiment 8, such as Figure 12, the hard vehicle (using the 2A method in production method) of outer ring V-type rolling channel wear into base for two The accurate hard vehicle forming of quasi- face outer ring V-type rolling channel, using the design and outer ring fast accurate of pole shoe when whole pole shoe with guide surface Clamping method.

When outer ring is there are two wearing into datum level, i.e. when a cycle surface and periphery, using magnetic holding device, still other than Nose circle face is benchmark face, and using pole shoe, what pole shoe adsorbed is the datum end face of outer ring, and outer circle is designed on the inlet port of pole shoe and is drawn Guide face can be enclosed externally and fast and accurately be acted on the concentric locating of magnechuck, not only significantly save processing auxiliary Time, and improve the mutual position accuracy between hard vehicle forming surface and other non-hard vehicle forming surfaces.Whole pole shoe is logical It crosses fixing screws to be fixed on magnechuck, stepped hole, the outer circle table of stepped hole caliber size and outer ring is had on whole pole shoe Small―gap suture or transition fit are formed between face, when placing outer ring, which plays guiding function, so that outer ring is on pole shoe Quickly, accurately concentric locating, step surface sucks outer ring datum end face in stepped hole.Lasso is processed after positioning on pole shoe, Complete raceway and raceway-lip that convexity is at least had with hard Vehicle Processing.It, need to be hard using numerically-controlled precise since raceway has convexity Vehicle is being known to raceway element line equation in situation, when raceway element line is only by straight line and circular arc known to raceway convex and convex value When composition, using ISO code instruction programming；When raceway element line includes non-circular conic section, such as when logarithmic curve, using user Macroprogram functional programming.Accurate hard vehicle uses CBN or PCBN blade, and nose angle is not more than 45 degree, the surface roughness after processing Value Ra is less than or equal to 1.6 microns, and the shape and position precision on surface are at least up to P5 grades.The convexity amount of accurate hard vehicle raceway can be with From 0 to 500 micron.When outer ring is made of two semi outer rings, two semi outer rings will match progress essence under attachment screw tightening state Close hard Vehicle Processing.

Whole pole shoe cannot be adjusted since the location dimension of its radial direction is fixed, a usually dimensions The corresponding pole shoe of lasso, the concentric adjustment of pole shoe and magnechuck and lasso is fast, is suitable for producing in batches.

Whole pole shoe can also be substituted with multi-clove type pole shoe.

The hard vehicle of precision (inner ring is processed using the 2B method in production method) of embodiment 9, inner ring V-type rolling channel, such as Figure 14, Two to wear into design and inner ring of the accurate hard vehicle forming of datum level inner ring V-type rolling channel using more valve pole shoes with guide surface when quick Accurate clamping method

When inner ring is there are two datum level, i.e. an inner ring end face and inner headed face is worn into, using magnetic holding device, still with inner ring End face is benchmark face, and if Figure 13 is fixture pole shoe schematic diagram, what pole shoe adsorbed is the datum level of inner ring, and inner circle is designed on pole shoe Guide surface can internally enclose fast and accurately positioning action, not only significantly save non-cutting time when processing, Er Qieti High mutual position accuracy between hard vehicle forming surface and other non-hard vehicle forming surfaces.It is as shown in figure 13 more valve pole shoes The schematic diagram of (being illustrated as 6 valves), pole shoe valve are fixed on magnechuck by fixing screws, and pole shoe head excircle part is in step Outside diameter and inner ring datum level, that is, inner headed face of shape, head cylinder form small―gap suture or transition fit, when placing inner ring, by It is smaller compared with inner headed face diameter in head cylinder diameter, as guide surface, guiding function is played, so that inner ring is on pole shoe Quickly, accurately concentric locating, the bottom of the steps adsorb inner ring datum level.It is fixed in clamped one time after inner ring is sucked by pole shoe with one heart In position, other positions in addition to inner ring datum level can be sequentially completed, it is hard including at least the precision to V-type rolling channel and inner ring outer surface Vehicle Processing.

Since inner ring raceway has convexity, the hard vehicle of numerically-controlled precise need to be used, is being raceway known to raceway convex and convex value In situation known to plain line equation, when raceway element line is only made of straight line and circular arc, using ISO code instruction programming；Work as rolling Road element line includes non-circular conic section, such as when logarithmic curve, using custom macro program functional programming.Accurate hard vehicle uses CBN Or PCBN blade, the surface roughness value Ra after processing are less than or equal to 1.6 microns, the shape and position precision on surface are at least up to P5 grades.The convexity amount of accurate hard vehicle raceway can be from 0 to 500 micron.

Crossed roller bearing described above includes crossed cylindrical roller bearing and intersection taper roller when not refering in particular to Bearing；The lasso includes inner ring and outer ring when not refering in particular to；Whole subdivision and local subdivision all only need subdivision one set Circle, can be inner ring, is also possible to outer ring.The processing method of citing, inner ring of illustrating have same use for reference to outer ring processing Meaning, outer ring of illustrating have same reference to inner ring processing.

The above disclosure is just a few specific examples of the present application, however, this application is not limited to this, any this field Technical staff can think variation, should all fall in the protection domain of the application.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of crossed roller bearing of raceway with convexity, including crossed cylindrical roller bearing and intersection tapered roller bearing, institute Stating crossed roller bearing includes with the outer ring of V-arrangement raceway in annular, with the inner ring of V-arrangement raceway outside annular, insertion outer ring V-type Between raceway and inner ring V-type rolling channel and cross arrangement roller or further include roller spacing block, lubricant, sealing element and connection spiral shell Nail, the V-type rolling channel of at least one lasso are band convexity V-type rolling channel；

The convex with convexity V-type rolling channel include straight plain line style, full dome camber, circular arc and straight line intersection type, circular arc with Straight line phase cut type, circular arc and circular arc phase cut type, multi-section circular arc repairing type or logarithmic curve convex；It is described with convexity V-type rolling channel Convexity amount is less than 500 microns；It is characterized in that:

The inner ring or outer ring is local split type structure, the lasso including having raceway notch, by coincide with notch, packet The raceway block of the one side section raceway containing V-type rolling channel is stifled to be mended in indentation, there, and raceway block is stifled to pass through attachment screw and notched lasso It is axially fastened together along lasso, forms the lasso with V-type rolling channel.

2. crossed roller bearing as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is with low-speed WEDM method that the raceway block is stifled It is derived from the one side section raceway of V-type rolling channel；After taking-up, the raceway notch is formed at this.

3. the production method of crossed roller bearing as claimed in claim 1 or 2, including with the last of convexity V-type rolling channel lasso Process, it is characterized in that including following methods:

Method 1), lasso V-type rolling channel shaped with through the corrected grinding wheel crush grinding of emery wheel, or

Method 2), the hard vehicle of precision of 2 datum levels of pre-grinding, comprising:

2A), the hard vehicle of precision of outer ring V-type rolling channel, step include: the datum end face to outer ring and periphery grinding forming in advance, Datum end face is adsorbed by the pole shoe being fixed on magnechuck, and by the guide surface guidance periphery on pole shoe with quickly fixed Center, to including at least being shaped to the accurate hard vehicle of polished surface including the V-type rolling channel of outer ring；Or

2B), the hard vehicle of precision of inner ring V-type rolling channel, step include: in advance to the datum end face of inner ring and inner headed face grinding forming, Datum end face is adsorbed by the pole shoe being fixed on magnechuck, and by the guide surface guidance inner headed face on pole shoe with quickly fixed Center, to including at least being shaped to the accurate hard vehicle of polished surface including inner ring V-type rolling channel；Or

Method 3), the hard vehicle of precision of 1 datum level of pre-grinding, comprising:

3A) the accurate hard vehicle of electromagnetic adsorption, step include: in advance to reference face of ring grinding forming, it is direct by magnechuck Absorption or the pole shoe by being fixed on magnechuck set up center while adsorbing the datum end face, include at least V-type to outer ring Including raceway and periphery, inner ring include at least including V-type rolling channel and inner headed face to the accurate hard vehicle forming of polished surface；

3B) the hard vehicle of vertical fine；Step includes: lasso of the vertical hard vehicle outer diameter at 300 millimeters or more, in advance to lasso reference edge Then reference face of ring is horizontally arranged by face grinding forming downward, ferrule central axis, lathe rotation of rotary table axis and lasso After the unification of three line of support central axis, lasso is directly anchored on lathe turntable, or turntable is secured the collar against by support On, including then including at least V-type rolling channel and periphery to outer ring, inner ring include at least including V-type rolling channel and inner headed face to The accurate hard vehicle forming of polished surface.

4. the production method of crossed roller bearing as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: the method 2), 3) in, be to use Numerical control method will carry out accurate hard vehicle forming with convexity V-type rolling channel:

When raceway convex is that plain line is only made of straight line and circular arc, using ISO code instruction programming；When raceway element line includes non- Circle conic section, such as when logarithmic curve, using custom macro program functional programming.

5. the production method of crossed roller bearing as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: the cutter that accurate hard vehicle forming is used Material includes CBN, PCBN, diamond, diamond-like, ceramics and hard alloy, and nose angle is not more than 45 degree, accurate hard vehicle forming Surface roughness value Ra afterwards is less than or equal to 1.6 microns, and the shape and position precision on accurate hard vehicle forming surface are at least up to P5 grades, The convexity amount of accurate hard vehicle V-type rolling channel is less than 500 microns.

6. the production method of crossed roller bearing as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that include the following steps: (1) production band V The whole lasso vehicle base of type raceway, design is machined with raceway block and blocks up fixed screw hole on vehicle base, and screw hole is along lasso axial direction from lasso One side end face passes through V-type rolling channel bottom；(2) whole lasso vehicle base is quenched, tempering heat treatment；(3) using silk thread of being careful Cutting, walks U-shaped track, cuts out including fixing threaded hole, width is not less than the filled roller diameter of bearing and spacing block width, height It is stifled to the equal raceway block of V-type rolling channel distance from bottom, two lateral incision thickness that degree is equal to end face, while generating and blocking up kissing with raceway block The U-shaped raceway notch closed；(4) raceway block is blocked up with attachment screw and is fastened with notched bearing ring, pairing is heat-treated Grinding and accurate hard Vehicle Processing afterwards；(5) when bearing assemble assembles, attachment screw is unclamped, raceway block is taken away and blocks up, from lasso notch Place inserts whole rollers and spacing block；(6) it is stifled to be put into raceway block, and is fastened with attachment screw and lasso, complete bearing ring and The trap of rolling element.