CN106191957B - The sensitization discoloration aluminium alloy that a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method and this method obtain - Google Patents

The sensitization discoloration aluminium alloy that a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method and this method obtain Download PDF

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CN106191957B
CN106191957B CN201610749136.1A CN201610749136A CN106191957B CN 106191957 B CN106191957 B CN 106191957B CN 201610749136 A CN201610749136 A CN 201610749136A CN 106191957 B CN106191957 B CN 106191957B
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sensitization discoloration
alloy
hole
sealing
alloy parts
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CN106191957A (en
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陈颖
董小林
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Shenzhen Tinno Wireless Technology Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/02Anodisation
    • C25D11/04Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C25D11/06Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used
    • C25D11/08Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used containing inorganic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/02Anodisation
    • C25D11/04Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C25D11/18After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
    • C25D11/24Chemical after-treatment
    • C25D11/243Chemical after-treatment using organic dyestuffs
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/02Anodisation
    • C25D11/04Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C25D11/18After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
    • C25D11/24Chemical after-treatment
    • C25D11/246Chemical after-treatment for sealing layers

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Abstract

This application involves the technical field of surface of aluminium alloy, specifically, are related to the sensitization discoloration Al alloy parts that a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method and this method obtain.The method at least includes the following steps: Step 1: carrying out anodic oxidation to Al alloy parts, enabling aluminum alloy to workpiece surface and generates porous aluminas film layer;Step 2: carrying out the filling of sensitization discoloration material to the Al alloy parts after anodic oxidation, it is filled into sensitization discoloration material in porous aluminas film layer;Step 3: being dyed to the filled Al alloy parts of sensitization discoloration material;And Step 4: sealing of hole is carried out to the Al alloy parts after dyeing.The method enable aluminum alloy to surface realize can sensitization discoloration function and appearance, effectively promoted aluminum alloy material appearance competitiveness.

Description

The sensitization discoloration aluminium alloy that a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method and this method obtain
Technical field
This application involves the technical field of surface of aluminium alloy, specifically, are related to a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method And the sensitization discoloration Al alloy parts that this method obtains.
Background technique
Aluminum or aluminum alloy is aoxidized under acid solution and voltage appropriate, porous type anodised aluminium can be obtained Film.Its production technology generally comprises: mechanical polishing --- copper component that certain alloy surfaces are removed in chemical treatment ---, and cleaning is gone (for anodized part, if desired anodization again is to remove original anodization table with alkali or special agent to oil Layer) --- it is put into dilute sulfuric acid and is powered as anode, the oxide layer for generating surface porosity is (thin for white translucent Film) --- dyeing --- fixation (heating or closing the hole of surface oxide layer with chromatedsolution).
In the sufacing of aluminium, anodic oxidation is most widely used most deep with most successful technology, and research and development With most comprehensive technology.Anodizing of aluminium film has a series of superior performances, can satisfy diversified demand, therefore It is known as the omnipotent surface protection film of one kind of aluminium.Specifically, 1) corrosion resistance is had characteristics that.Aluminium anode oxide film can Do not corroded with effective protection aluminum substrate, anode oxide film is obviously more preferable than the properties of oxide-film of self-assembling formation, film thickness and sealing of hole Quality directly affects service performance.2) hardness and wearability.The hardness of aluminium anode oxide film is more much higher than aluminum substrate, matrix it is hard Degree is HV100, the hardness of common anode oxidation film about HV300, and hardness oxidation film can reach HV500.Wearability and hardness Relationship is consistent.3) decorative.Aluminium anode oxide film can protect the metallic luster of polished surface, and anode oxide film can also contaminate Color and coloring obtain and keep colourful appearance.4) organic coating and electroplated layer adhesion.Aluminium anode oxide film is aluminium table Face receives a kind of method of organic coating and electroplated layer, it effectively improves the adhesive force and corrosion resistance of superficial layer.5) it is electrically insulated Property.Aluminium is good conductor, and aluminium anode oxide film is high-resistance insulating film.Breakdown voltage is greater than 30V/mm, special preparation High insulating film is even up to about 200V/mm.6) transparent.Aluminium anode oxide film transparency itself is very high, and the purity of aluminium is higher, Then transparency is higher.The purity and alloying component of aluminum alloy materials all have an impact to the transparency.7) functional.Utilize anodic oxidation The porosity of film deposits functional particle, available various functional materials in micropore.Functional component just in exploitation Function has function solenoid, catalysis, sensing function and separation function etc..
Anodic oxidation is aluminium and the most common process of surface treatment of aluminium alloy, but the anodic oxidation being commonly used all without Method enables aluminum alloy to the function and appearance that sensitization discoloration is realized on surface.
In consideration of it, special propose the application.
Summary of the invention
The first purpose of the application is to propose a kind of surface treatment method of aluminium alloy.
The second purpose of the application is the sensitization discoloration Al alloy parts for proposing that the surface treatment method obtains.
In order to complete the purpose of the application, the technical solution of use are as follows:
This application involves a kind of surface treatment method of aluminium alloy, the method is at least included the following steps:
Step 1: carrying out anodic oxidation to Al alloy parts, enables aluminum alloy to workpiece surface and generate porous aluminas film layer;
Step 2: carrying out the filling of sensitization discoloration material to the Al alloy parts after anodic oxidation, fill out sensitization discoloration material It is charged into porous aluminas film layer;
Step 3: being dyed to the filled Al alloy parts of sensitization discoloration material;And
Step 4: carrying out sealing of hole to the Al alloy parts after dyeing.
Preferably, in step 1, the anodic oxidation is using sulfuric acid as electrolyte, and wherein sulfuric acid concentration is 150- 200g/L。
Preferably, in step 1, the voltage of the anodic oxidation is 11-13V, current density 0.8-1.0A/mm2, sun Pole oxidation trough temperature is 18-22 DEG C, anodizing time 30-40min.
Preferably, in step 2, the sensitization discoloration material is selected from two heterocyclic vinyl class compounds or spiro-pyrans class chemical combination Object.
Preferably, in step 2, by way of silk-screen printing, sensitization discoloration material is made to be filled into multiaperture pellumina In layer, it is preferred to use 500-600 mesh silk screen.
Preferably, in step 2, by way of impregnating absorption, sensitization discoloration material is made to be filled into multiaperture pellumina In layer, the mass ratio of the preferably described sensitization discoloration material and water is 1:8-12, and soaking temperature is 50-70 DEG C, soaking time 60- 120s。
Preferably, it in step 3, is dyed using the aqueous solution of azo dyes.
Preferably, in step 3, the mass ratio of the azo dyes and water is 1:8-10, and dyeing temperature is 70-80 DEG C, dye The color time is 30-500s.
Preferably, in step 4, sealing of hole is carried out using the aqueous solution of no nickel hole sealing agent.
Preferably, in step 4, the concentration of the hole sealing agent is 8-10g/L, and sealing of hole temperature is 85-100 DEG C, the sealing of hole time It is 30-50 minutes.
The application further relates to a kind of sensitization discoloration Al alloy parts, and the Al alloy parts pass through surface treatment side above-mentioned Method is prepared.
Preferably, the Al alloy parts include be set in turn in aluminum alloy surface and be bonded each other photosensitive discoloration layer, Dye coating and confining bed;Wherein contain sensitization discoloration dyestuff in the photosensitive discoloration layer, contain azo dyes in the dye coating, Containing whether there is or not nickel hole sealing agents in the confining bed.
The technical solution of the application at least has following beneficial effect:
This application involves a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method, the method passes through anodic oxidation, photosensitive material filling, dye The processing steps such as color, sealing of hole, enable aluminum alloy to surface realize can sensitization discoloration function and appearance, effectively promotion aluminium alloy material The appearance competitiveness of matter.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for the sensitization discoloration Al alloy parts that herein described method obtains.
Specific embodiment
Combined with specific embodiments below, the application is further described.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the application Rather than limitation scope of the present application.
This application involves a kind of surface treatment method of aluminium alloy, this method passes through anodic oxidation, photosensitive material filling, dye The processing steps such as color, sealing of hole, enable aluminum alloy to surface realize can sensitization discoloration function and appearance, effectively promotion aluminium alloy material The appearance competitiveness of matter.
Specifically, this method at least includes the following steps:
Step 1: carrying out anodic oxidation to Al alloy parts (may be simply referred to as " aluminum component " afterwards), it is raw to enable aluminum alloy to workpiece surface At porous aluminas film layer;
Step 2: carrying out the filling of sensitization discoloration material to the Al alloy parts after anodic oxidation, fill out sensitization discoloration material It is charged into porous aluminas film layer;
Step 3: being dyed to the filled Al alloy parts of sensitization discoloration material;And
Step 4: carrying out sealing of hole to the Al alloy parts after dyeing.
As a kind of improvement of the application processing method, needed before step 1 to aluminium workpiece surface carry out mechanical pretreatment and Anodic oxidation pre-treatment.
Wherein mechanical pretreatment is broadly divided into " mirror ultrafinish " and " sandblasting " two steps, and concrete operations mode is as follows:
Mirror ultrafinish is applied to polishing fluid on soft cloth wheel, blanket wheel or polyurethane (PU) skin wheel, is rotated using machinery Make soft cloth wheel, blanket wheel or PU skin wheel friction aluminium workpiece surface, obtains as bright as a sixpence finishing process.Specifically, mirror surface is ground Mill can carry out on full-automatic mirror grinding machine, first carry out rough polishing for the amendment molding of coarse and irregular surface, then carry out mirror Face grinding, by the atomic small uneven polishing of aluminium workpiece surface.Mirror ultrafinish main function is the removal remaining numerical control knife of aluminium workpiece surface Tool processing knife mark, burr, bumps, make aluminium workpiece surface obtain the surface of mirror surface rank light.Mirror ultrafinish can make aluminium workpiece surface 0.03mm is thinned.
" sandblasting " is that dry sand stream or other abrasive grains are sprayed onto aluminium workpiece surface using the compressed air of essence, to remove surface Defect shows a kind of operating method in the unglazed sand face of uniformity.Sandblasting primarily serve removal aluminium workpiece surface burr and its Its defect dirt improves the effects of aluminum or aluminum alloy mechanical performance.Sand grains used is generally diamond dust, alumina particle, oxidation Zirconium particle, bead etc..The application using zirconia particles carry out sandblasting, zirconia particles granularity can be selected 120#, 150#, 170#, 205#, sandblasting atmospheric pressure are 2.5-3.0Kg.
After the completion of mechanical pretreatment, since generally there are natural oxide film, greasy dirt and other pollutions for the initial surface of aluminum component Object, therefore handled before needing to carry out anodic oxidation to aluminium workpiece surface before carrying out anodic oxidation.Anodic oxidation pre-treatment is main Including the following steps: 1, acid degreasing;2, alkali cleaning;3, ash disposal neutralizes;4, ultrasound washing;5, chemical polishing;
Wherein, the purpose of acid degreasing is to remove the pollutants such as grease and the dust of aluminium workpiece surface, makes subsequent alkali cleaning ratio It is more uniform, to improve the quality of anode oxide film.Acid degreasing carries out at normal temperature, is using sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid as the acidity of base Degreasing is carried out in solution, wherein the content of phosphoric acid in an acidic solution is 30~40g/L, and the content of sulfuric acid in an acidic solution is 7~10g/L, acid degreasing time are 3~5 minutes.
The purpose of alkali cleaning is the dirty and natural oxide film of further removal aluminium workpiece surface, to manifest pure Metal Substrate Body generates uniform anode oxide film and lays good surface foundation then to realize homogeneous conductive in anode oxidation process.Alkali Washing is to be put into aluminum component using sodium hydroxide to carry out etch reaction in the alkaline solution of principal component, and wherein sodium hydroxide is molten in alkalinity Content in liquid is 40-55g/L, and alkali cleaning temperature is 40-50 DEG C, and the alkali cleaning time is 2-5 minutes.
The purpose that ash disposal neutralizes is the impurity layer for remaining in aluminium workpiece surface after removing alkali cleaning, and the main component of the impurity layer is The intermetallic compounds such as copper, iron, silicon insoluble in alkaline solution and its alkali cleaning product, to prevent them to subsequent anodizing tank The pollution of liquid.Ash disposal neutralization is using certain density nitric acid solution as in ash disposal and tank liquor, and generalling use mass fraction is The nitric acid solution of 10%-25% impregnates 1-3 minutes at normal temperature.
The purpose of ultrasound washing is to thoroughly remove the remaining nitric acid solution of aluminium workpiece surface after ash disposal neutralizes, general to be cleaned by ultrasonic It is twice, every all over about 2-3 minutes.
The purpose of chemical polishing is to remove the slight mold mark of aluminium workpiece surface, wipe and scratch striped, the friction in mechanical polishing Striped, thermal transformation layer etc. make coarse surface tend to surface that is smooth and obtaining approximate bright in mirror surface.Chemical polishing is used by phosphorus Three sour chemical polishing solutions of acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid composition, its main feature is that phosphoric acid relative amount is lower and sulfuric acid relative amount is higher, Polish temperature is higher, and opposite traditional chemical polishing can more effectively remove aluminium workpiece surface impurity, obtains purer brighter surface effect Fruit.The concentration of phosphoric acid is 25-30g/L in three sour chemical polishing solutions, and the concentration of sulfuric acid is 30-35g/L, and the concentration of nitric acid is 7- 10g/L, chemical polishing temperature are 90-100 DEG C, and the time is 15-30 seconds.
After the completion of mechanical pretreatment and anodic oxidation pre-treatment, anodic oxidation is carried out to aluminum component.At the application surface A kind of improvement of reason method, the anodic oxidation are using aluminum component as anode, and graphite plate is cathode, using sulfuric acid as electrolyte, utilizes electricity Solution effect makes the process of aluminium workpiece surface formation porous aluminas film layer.Preferably, sulfuric acid concentration 150-200g/L, anodic oxidation Voltage be 11-13V, current density 0.8-1.0A/mm2, anodizing tank temperature is 18-22 DEG C, anodizing time For 30-40min.It is that subsequent filling sensitization discoloration material mentions in the porous aluminas film layer that aluminium workpiece surface is formed after anodic oxidation Carrier is supplied.
Sensitization discoloration material can control color change using sunlight (UV light), outdoor purple indoors to be colorless or colored Show color under outer linear light or becomes another color.The basic colors of sensitization discoloration material is red, yellow, blue, green, purple, orange.Make For a kind of improvement of the application surface treatment method, it is powder that sensitization discoloration material, which generally selects organic photo off-color material, Shape is inserted in the hole of porous aluminas film layer by the way of physics filling, available to have two heterocyclic vinyl class compounds Or spiro-pyrans class compound.
Wherein two heterocyclic vinyl class compound chemical formulas are shown in formula I:
Wherein, M1And M2Selected from 2 methyl indole base, methyl substituted thienyl, methyl substituted benzothienyl, methyl Substituted pyrrole radicals or 1,3- dimethylated indolyl.
Spiro-pyrans class compound is a kind of chemical combination that two heteroaromatics are formed by connecting by the spiral shell carbon atom of a SP3 hydridization Object is preferably selected from N- butyl -6- nitro spiro-pyrans, the chloro- 8- nitro benzo spiro-pyrans of 3,3- dimethyl-N-methyl-5-chloro -6-.
Organic photo off-color material is opened organic photo molecular link using the energy of ultraviolet light, make it from low-lying level jump to High level.Jump from black light to visible optical power level area, to generate the variation of color.When losing ultraviolet light, have Machine light sensitive molecule key can close again, that is, be restored to original color.
As a kind of improvement of the application surface treatment method, sensitization discoloration material is filled into porous aluminas film layer There are two types of modes, the first is silk-screen printing, and second is immersion absorption.
In the first way, using fixed fixture and using the silk-screen printing of 500-600 mesh, pass through sensitization discoloration material Silk screen grid is immersed in porous aluminas film layer.
In the second way, sensitization discoloration material is mixed with deionized water with the mass ratio of 1:10, temperature is heated To 60 DEG C, then the aluminum component after anodic oxidation is immersed in the solution, the immersion time is 60-120s, is in cellular porous oxygen The sensitization discoloration material can be adsorbed by changing aluminum membranous layer.
As a kind of improvement of the application processing method, according to required color, to the aluminium for having been filled with sensitization discoloration material Part carries out dyeing processing, and dyeing theory is that porous aluminas film layer colours the physical absorption of dyestuff toner, used herein Azo dyes is dyed, and specific method is to mix the color of object toner needed with the mass ratio of 1:8-10 with deionization pure water Close, temperature is heated to 70-80 DEG C, then by after anodic oxidation and have been filled with sensitization discoloration material aluminum component immerse the azo dye It is dyed in material solution.Dyeing time is set according to color effects, is generally differed at 30-500 seconds.Azo dyes is azo group both ends A kind of organic compound for connecting aryl is fabric clothing most widely used one kind synthetic dyestuffs in dyeing and printing process, uses In a variety of natural and synthetic fibers dyeing and stamps, it is also used for the coloring of paint, plastics, rubber etc..Common azo dyes Type has tonyred, aniline yellow etc..
Since dark dye can reduce the performance of sensitization discoloration effect, especially black based dye and sense to a certain extent Effect after photochromic material cooperation can weaken, but still have sensitization discoloration effect.In industry and phenetic analysis means are not present Sensitization discoloration effect is quantified.With to be colourless, be after illumination when no ultraviolet lighting blue sensitization discoloration material for: when After common fluorescent weld is added in the sensitization discoloration material, color is yellow, the sensitization discoloration under outdoor ultraviolet light indoors Material starts to develop the color, and with fluorescent dye color addition, the secondary colour for being finally shown as two kinds of colors is green.Other dispensing modes It can be with are as follows: sensitization discoloration material is colourless in no ultraviolet lighting, is blue after illumination, after orchil is added, indoors Color is red, is purple under outdoor ultraviolet light;Sensitization discoloration material is colourless in no ultraviolet lighting, is red after illumination, After blue dyes is added, color is blue indoors, is purple under outdoor ultraviolet light;Sensitization discoloration material is in no ultraviolet lighting For red, be after illumination it is colourless, it is brown under outdoor ultraviolet light that after brown dye is added, color, which is black, indoors.
As a kind of improvement of the application processing method, the aluminum component after dyeing is placed in the solution containing hole sealing agent and is carried out High temperature hole sealing processing.The purpose of sealing of hole is that hole sealing agent and hydrate are immersed to the anodised aluminium film layer for having been filled with dyestuff toner In, Seal treatment is carried out to the hole in pellumina, completely cuts off internal aluminium and is reacted with the further of other materials in air.Envelope Hole agent is broadly divided into organic sealing agent and inorganic sealing hole agent.Wherein organic sealing agent is selected from vinyl, phenolic aldehyde, modified epoxy Resin and polyurethane etc., they are mostly the sealing of holes for steel substrate zinc or aluminized coating, and operating temperature is not high, is in aerial oxygen The environment such as change, industrial atmosphere, seawater.For high-temperature oxydation medium, then asphaltic base aluminium paste, aluminium silicone resin and certain silicic acid are used The inorganic sealing holes agent such as salt, chromate, maximum operating temperature is up to 980 DEG C.The main foundation for selecting hole sealing agent is locating medium Corrosion condition and operating temperature.Since the nickel salt sealer of early stage contains Ni2+、F-, to human body and the toxic effect of environment, the application Middle use is without nickel hole sealing agent.Preferably, the concentration of hole sealing agent is 8-10g/L, and sealing of hole temperature is 85-100 DEG C, and the sealing of hole time is 30-50 minutes.
The application further relates to the sensitization discoloration Al alloy parts that this method obtains, including be set in turn in aluminum alloy surface and Photosensitive discoloration layer, dye coating and the confining bed being bonded each other;Wherein contain sensitization discoloration dyestuff, dye coating in photosensitive discoloration layer In contain azo dyes, containing whether there is or not nickel hole sealing agents in confining bed.Photosensitive discoloration layer and dye coating are respectively positioned on porous aluminas film layer It is interior.
Using method provided by the present application, aluminum component is successively passed through to anodic oxidation, photosensitive material filling, dyeing, sealing of hole etc. Processing step, make aluminium workpiece surface realize can sensitization discoloration function and appearance, effectively promoted aluminum alloy material appearance it is competing Strive power.
Examples 1 to 4
Anodic oxidation is carried out to the aluminum component by mechanical pretreatment and anodic oxidation pre-treatment.Using sulfuric acid as electrolysis Liquid, wherein sulfuric acid concentration is 150-200g/L.The voltage of anodic oxidation is 11-13V, current density 0.8-1.0A/mm2, sun Pole oxidation trough temperature is 18-22 DEG C, anodizing time 30-40min.The experiment parameter of Examples 1 to 4 Anodic Oxidation As shown in table 1.
Table 1
Embodiment Sulfuric acid concentration Voltage Current density Groove body temperature Time
Embodiment 1 150g/L 11V 0.8A/mm2 18℃ 30min
Embodiment 2 170g/L 12V 0.9A/mm2 20℃ 35min
Embodiment 3 200g/L 13V 1.0A/mm2 20℃ 40min
Embodiment 4 200g/L 13V 1.0A/mm2 22℃ 40min
Next the filling of sensitization discoloration powder is carried out to the aluminum component after anodic oxidation.By sensitization discoloration powder N- butyl -6- Nitro spiro-pyrans is dispersed in water, and by way of impregnating absorption, is filled into it in porous aluminas film layer.Sensitization discoloration The mass ratio of material and water is 1:8-12, and soaking temperature is 50-70 DEG C, soaking time 60-120s.The filling of sensitization discoloration powder Experiment parameter it is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
After sensitization discoloration powder filling step, the aluminum component of Examples 1 to 4 indoors with different face are presented under ultraviolet light Color, surface all have sensitization discoloration effect.
Next dyeing and sealing of hole are carried out to the filled aluminum component of sensitization discoloration powder.Using azo dyes aqueous solution into The mass ratio of row dyeing, azo dyes and water is 1:8-10, and dyeing temperature is 70-80 DEG C, dyeing time 30-500s.Sealing of hole It is carried out using the aqueous solution of no nickel hole sealing agent, the concentration of hole sealing agent is 8-10g/L, and sealing of hole temperature is 85-100 DEG C, the sealing of hole time It is 30-50 minutes.The experiment parameter of dyeing and sealing of hole is as shown in table 3.
Table 3
After staining procedure, the aluminium workpiece surface of Examples 1 to 4 is uniformly painted, and azo dyes is presented indoors Color, the color that is superimposed with azo dyes of sensitization discoloration material is presented under outdoor ultraviolet lighting.After sealing of hole step, use Wet cloth wipes aluminium material surface without dyestuff penetration.
As shown in Figure 1, the sensitization discoloration aluminium alloy that Examples 1 to 4 obtains includes being set in turn in 1 surface of Al alloy parts And photosensitive discoloration layer 2, dye coating 3 and the confining bed 4 being bonded each other;Wherein contain sensitization discoloration dyestuff in photosensitive discoloration layer 2, Contain azo dyes in dye coating 3, containing whether there is or not nickel hole sealing agents in confining bed 4.Wherein photosensitive discoloration layer 2 and dye coating 3 are respectively positioned on In porous aluminas film layer.
Embodiment 5
Select two heterocyclic vinyl class compounds as sensitization discoloration material, chemical formula is shown in formula I, M1And M2It is 2- Methyl indol base, other experimental procedures are same as Example 1, obtained sensitization discoloration aluminium alloy have similar discoloration and Layer structure, details are not described herein.
Comparative example 1~12
The technique of aluminium workpiece surface processing is with embodiment 1, and difference is only that the condition of sensitization discoloration powder filling is different, comparison The experiment parameter that sensitization discoloration powder is filled in example 1~12 is as shown in table 4.
Table 4
As known from Table 4:
The mass ratio of the sensitization discoloration material of comparative example 1~4 and water not within the scope of this application, wherein comparative example 1 and 2 Sensitization discoloration material utilization amount it is excessively high, the sensitization discoloration effect of aluminum component does not increase with the increase of sensitization discoloration material utilization amount Greatly.The sensitization discoloration material utilization amount of comparative example 3 and 4 is insufficient, and aluminum component does not have sufficient sensitization discoloration effect.
Not within the scope of this application, wherein the soaking temperature of comparative example 5 and 6 is lower for the soaking temperature of comparative example 5~8, Aluminum component does not have sufficient sensitization discoloration effect.The soaking temperature of comparative example 7 and 8 is higher, and sensitization discoloration material is easy at high temperature It decomposes, aluminum component does not have sufficient sensitization discoloration effect yet.
Not within the scope of this application, wherein the soaking time of comparative example 5 and 6 is shorter for the soaking time of comparative example 9~12, Sensitization discoloration material cannot be well into the porous aluminas film layer of aluminium workpiece surface, and aluminum component does not have sufficient sensitization discoloration effect Fruit.The soaking time of comparative example 10 and 11 is longer, and the increase of aluminum component sensitization discoloration effect is unobvious, and consumes longer working hour, Also It is not necessary to.
Comparative example 13~24
The technique of aluminium workpiece surface processing is with embodiment 1, and difference is only that the condition of azo dyes filling is different, comparative example 13 The experiment parameter that azo dyes is filled in~24 is as shown in table 5.
Table 5
As known from Table 5:
The mass ratio of the azo dyes of comparative example 13~16 and water not within the scope of this application, wherein comparative example 13 and 14 The dyeing effect of aluminum component does not increase with the increase of azo dyes dosage.The azo dyes dosage of comparative example 15 and 16 is not Foot, aluminum component do not have sufficient dyeing effect.
The soaking temperature of comparative example 17~20 not within the scope of this application, wherein the soaking temperature of comparative example 17 and 18 compared with Low, aluminum component does not have sufficient dyeing effect.The soaking temperature of comparative example 19 and 20 is higher, azo dyes adhesive force at high temperature It reduces, aluminum component does not have sufficient dyeing effect yet.
The soaking time of comparative example 21~24 not within the scope of this application, wherein the soaking time of comparative example 21 and 22 compared with Short, azo dyes cannot be well into the porous aluminas film layer of aluminium workpiece surface, and aluminum component does not have sufficient dyeing effect.It is right The soaking time of ratio 23 and 24 is longer, and the increase of aluminum component dyeing effect is unobvious, and consumes longer working hour, also must not It wants.
Comparative example 5~7
Sensitization discoloration material is mixed by the mass ratio of 7-9:1-3 with acrylic resin, the surface of aluminum alloy materials is filled, Other operating procedures are with embodiment 1, and the mass ratio of sensitization discoloration material and acrylic resin is as shown in table 6 in comparative example 5~7.
Table 6
It has been found that all cannot achieve regardless of sensitization discoloration material is mixed with acrylic resin with which kind of mass ratio Even mixing, lost when being packed into aluminum alloy surface using silk-screen printing or by the way of immersing absorption it is larger, it is same with filling Etc. the embodiments of quality compare, aluminum component cannot have sensitization discoloration effect well.Reason may be organic photo off-color material Molecular weight is larger, there is the effect of repelling each other with macromolecule resin material.Therefore when realizing the scheme of the application, directly by photosensitive change Color material and dyestuff are packed into aluminum alloy surface, without mixing filling with other materials.
It is not for limiting claim although the application is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment.Any this field skill Art personnel without departing from the concept of this application, can make several possible variations and modification, therefore the application Protection scope should be subject to the range that claim is defined.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of surface treatment method of aluminium alloy, which is characterized in that the method at least includes the following steps:
Step 1: carrying out anodic oxidation to Al alloy parts, enables aluminum alloy to workpiece surface and generate porous aluminas film layer;The sun Pole oxidation is using sulfuric acid as electrolyte, and wherein sulfuric acid concentration is 150-200g/L;The voltage of the anodic oxidation is 11-13V, Current density is 0.8-1.0A/mm2, anodizing tank temperature is 18-22 DEG C, anodizing time 30-40min;
Step 2: carrying out the filling of sensitization discoloration material to the Al alloy parts after anodic oxidation, it is filled into sensitization discoloration material Enter in porous aluminas film layer, the sensitization discoloration material is selected from spiro-pyrans class compound;
Step 3: being dyed to the filled Al alloy parts of sensitization discoloration material, carried out using the aqueous solution of azo dyes The mass ratio of dyeing, the azo dyes and water is 1:8-10, and dyeing temperature is 70-80 DEG C, dyeing time 30-500s;With And
Step 4: carrying out sealing of hole to the Al alloy parts after dyeing, sealing of hole is carried out using the aqueous solution of no nickel hole sealing agent;The envelope The concentration of hole agent is 8-10g/L, and sealing of hole temperature is 85-100 DEG C, and the sealing of hole time is 30-50 minutes;
In step 2, by way of impregnating absorption, it is filled into sensitization discoloration material in porous aluminas film layer, the sense The mass ratio of photochromic material and water is 1:8-12, and soaking temperature is 50-70 DEG C, soaking time 60-120s.
2. a kind of sensitization discoloration Al alloy parts, which is characterized in that the Al alloy parts pass through claim 1 the method system It is standby to obtain, the Al alloy parts include be set in turn in aluminum alloy surface and be bonded each other photosensitive discoloration layer, dye coating and Confining bed;Wherein contain sensitization discoloration dyestuff in the photosensitive discoloration layer, contains azo dyes, the closing in the dye coating Containing whether there is or not nickel hole sealing agents in layer.
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CN108396354A (en) * 2018-03-18 2018-08-14 天津孚信阳光科技有限公司 A kind of photochromic dyeing liquor and dyeing suitable for anodizing technology
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