CN106189347B - A kind of technique that nanoscale coloring agent is extracted from plant - Google Patents
A kind of technique that nanoscale coloring agent is extracted from plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN106189347B CN106189347B CN201610554077.2A CN201610554077A CN106189347B CN 106189347 B CN106189347 B CN 106189347B CN 201610554077 A CN201610554077 A CN 201610554077A CN 106189347 B CN106189347 B CN 106189347B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B61/00—Dyes of natural origin prepared from natural sources, e.g. vegetable sources
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of technique that nanoscale coloring agent is extracted from plant, comprise the following steps：(1) plant is crushed, be then added in acid solution, the mass ratio of the plant and acid solution is (1 3)：(1 3), stir, and place 30 90 minutes, filtering, obtain acidolysis material；(2) acidolysis material is added to the water, carries out ultrasonic extraction after adjusting pH to 3 10, the mass ratio of the acidolysis material and water is 1:10‑1:50, supersonic frequency is 10 80KHz, first with 38 42 DEG C of ultrasonic extractions 15 25 minutes, then with 88 92 DEG C of ultrasonic extractions 5 15 minutes, finally with 18 22 DEG C of ultrasonic extractions 25 35 minutes, filtering, collects filtrate；(3) filtrate is concentrated, be freeze-dried；(4) extra-fine grinding.The nanoscale coloring agent extraction process of the present invention, low for equipment requirements, technique is simple, and extraction efficiency is high, and the coloring agent for extracting to obtain is pure natural, safe to the human body, can be widely applied to the dyeing of the human body skin such as textile dyeing, tattoo eyeline, literary lip, tattooing lid margin.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vegetable dyeing agent extractive technique field, and in particular to one kind extracts nanoscale coloring agent from plant
Technique.
Background technology
The definition provided according to Britain's coloring agent and association of dyeing man, " natural dyeing agent " refers to from plant, animal or ore deposit
Obtained in production resource, the little or no coloring agent by chemical process.Vegetable dyeing agent is most important in natural dyeing agent
One kind, so that its source is wide, nonhazardous, of low pollution, insect prevention sterilization are beneficial to preserve etc., good characteristic is taken the course of its own.General plant
All contain a certain amount of pigment in leaf, skin, flower and root.
China is vast in territory, and vast territory and abundant resources, vegetable dyeing agent aboundresources.Coloring agent floristics is a lot, has arbor, fills
Wood, also there are draft, liana.Having plenty of the spontaneous wild plant of hill, the plant for having plenty of rural area cultivation, type, the place of production are different,
Its pigment content is also inconsistent.The traditional main coloring agent plant in China has following several：
(1) it is red
Red staining agent is largely present in nature not as Yellow colorant, and most red staining agent is hidden
In the body of the root of plant, bark or dark gray insect.Although the limited source of red staining agent, they are in a kind of plant
In a large amount of color bases be present, therefore easily extraction is relatively main and to commonly use natural red coloring agent be madder and lac.
(2) yellow
Yellow is most lively, and coloring agent most sufficient in all form and aspect existing for nature.Yellow dye can be produced
The quantity of plant of the quantity of the plant of toner than producing other colors staining agent is much more.Turmeric dyeing agent is spreading out for turmeric
Biology, it is one of coloring agent most notable in natural origin Yellow colorant and most bright-coloured.
(3) it is blue
From ancient times to the present, indigo is always one of main and the most frequently used blue dyeing agent, blue dyeing agent can with indigo plant,
Extracted in woaded blue, wooden indigo plant, acanthaceous indigo, spirulina.
(4) purple
Violet vegetable dyeing agent includes Asian puccoon, red sandalwood, wild amaranth, falls certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, auspicious wood, purple perilla etc..Asian puccoon is most common purple
Colour system coloring agent, Li Shizhen (1518-1593 A.D.) are said：" this showy flowers of herbaceous plants strike is purple, can contaminate purple ".Alkanet has promoting blood circulation, eliminating inflammation and expelling toxin effect.
(5) grey and black
Plain water chestnut, Chinese gall, Chinese sumac, Ke Shu, Mongolian oak leaf (if Mongolian oak), paint Husband's older sister, elegant jessamine (elegant jessamine), Platycarya strobilacea, Chinese tallow tree, wild rice etc.
For grey and black plant black coloring agent.Mainly ash, black system are generated using tannin vegetable dyeing agent through mordant dyeing on fiber.
(6) green system
The plant of green system has sandlwood etc., and it is perennial defoliation small arbor or shrub, also known as mountain plum, green son, freeze it is green,
It is green etc. greatly.Coloring agent pigment composition be present in that okra fruit is real and base of leaf among, referred to as freeze green, be ancient times natural green few in number
One of coloring agent, also known as China is green in the world.
(7) the natural dyeing agent of other colors
Orange natural dyeing agent can extract from plant, be obtained such as the flower of dahlia plant, or from mineral origin
Arrive, such as a kind of red clay.Brown system vegetable dyeing agent has buckwheat, black soya bean, plum, tea, chestnut, birch etc..
Natural dyeing agent can meet mankind's regress into nature, pursue natural demand, shorter and shorter in synthetic colourant raw material
Lack, environmental pollution is increasingly severe, even has today of carcinogenesis to people, it is nontoxic, non-stimulated to human body, tone is unique,
It is undoubtedly focus of concern with natural dyeing agent that ecological environment has excellent compatibility.
The content of the invention
For above shortcomings in the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of from plant
The technique of middle extraction nanoscale coloring agent.
The present invention seeks to what is be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of technique that nanoscale coloring agent is extracted from plant, comprises the following steps：
(1) plant is crushed, be then added in acid solution, the mass ratio of the plant and acid solution is (1-3)：(1-3), is stirred
Mix uniformly, place 30-90 minutes, filtering, obtain acidolysis material；
(2) acidolysis material is added to the water, ultrasonic extraction, the mass ratio of the acidolysis material and water is carried out after adjusting pH to 3-10
For 1:10-1:50, supersonic frequency 10-80KHz, it is first with 38-42 DEG C of ultrasonic extraction 15-25 minute, then carried with 88-92 DEG C of ultrasound
5-15 minutes are taken, finally with 18-22 DEG C of ultrasonic extraction 25-35 minute, filtering, collect filtrate；
(3) filtrate is concentrated, be freeze-dried；
(4) extra-fine grinding.
Preferably, described plant is water chestnut, Chinese gall, Chinese sumac, Ke Shu, Mongolian oak leaf, paint Husband's older sister, elegant jessamine, Platycarya strobilacea, crow
One or more mixture in Chinese tallow tree, wild rice.
Preferably, the temperature of the acid solution in the step (1) is 10-30 DEG C, is made up of the raw material of following mass percents：
Lactic acid 0.3-3%, hydrochloric acid 0.3-3%, acetic acid 0.3-3%, water 91-99%.
Specifically, in the present invention：
Lactic acid, No. CAS：849585-22-4.
Hydrochloric acid, No. CAS：7647-01-0.
Acetic acid, No. CAS：64-19-7.
The vegetable dyeing agent extraction process of the present invention, low for equipment requirements, technique is simple, and extraction efficiency is high, and extraction obtains
Coloring agent it is pure natural, it is safe to the human body, can be widely applied to the human body skin such as textile dyeing, tattoo eyeline, literary lip, tattooing lid margin dye
Color.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described further, as described below, is only the preferable implementation to the present invention
Example, is not limited the present invention, any person skilled in the art is possibly also with the disclosure above
Technology contents be changed to the equivalent embodiment changed on an equal basis.It is every of the invention without departing from the present invention program content, foundation
Technical spirit any simple modification that following examples are made or equivalent variations, all fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Chinese gall, Classification system：Rhus chinensis Mill., also known as hundred worm storehouses, fermented Chinese gall herb and tea leaves, gall, it is Homoptera
The horned gall aphid or melaphis peitan Tsai et Tang female adult of aphid section parasitize Anacardiaceae plant " Chinese sumac " and its belong to the tender leaf or leaf of other plant together
Handle, stab and generate a kind of cryptomere consor thing insect gall, the gained after drying and drying again.Chinese gall purchase used in the embodiment of the present invention is certainly
Anguo City Anshun reaches medicinal material row.
Embodiment 1
The technique that coloring agent is extracted in nanoscale Chinese gall, comprises the following steps：
(1) gallnut extract is broken to 5 mesh, be then added in acid solution, the mass ratio of the Chinese gall and acid solution is 1：1,
It is uniformly mixed, places 60 minutes, using 180 mesh filter-cloth filterings, obtain acidolysis material；
(2) acidolysis material is added to the water, the salt acid for adjusting pH using 1mol/L is to carrying out ultrasonic extraction, the acidolysis after 5
The mass ratio of material and water is 1:15, supersonic frequency 20KHz, first with 40 DEG C of ultrasonic extractions 20 minutes, then with 90 DEG C of ultrasonic extractions
10 minutes, finally with 20 DEG C of ultrasonic extractions 30 minutes, using 180 mesh filter-cloth filterings, collect filtrate；
(3) it is 1.2g/cm the reverse osmosis membrane that filtrate via hole diameter is 0.0002 μm to be concentrated into density3, then -20 DEG C of warp is lyophilized
Cheng Fen.
(4) be lyophilized into after powder use again super grinder (super grinder for Wuxi City flight song Machinery Co., Ltd. produce
Model CXM super grinder) carry out extra-fine grinding to 500nm.Obtain nanoscale Chinese gall coloring agent.
The temperature of acid solution in the step (1) is 20 DEG C, is made up of the raw material of following mass percents：Lactic acid 0.5%,
Hydrochloric acid 0.5%, acetic acid 0.5%, water 98.5%.Lactic acid, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid are added to the water to be uniformly mixed and produce acid solution.
Embodiment 2
It is substantially the same manner as Example 1, differ only in：The temperature of acid solution in the step (1) is 20 DEG C, by following
The raw material composition of mass percent：Lactic acid 0.75%, acetic acid 0.75%, water 98.5%.It is mixed that lactic acid, acetic acid are added to the water stirring
Conjunction uniformly produces acid solution.
Embodiment 3
It is substantially the same manner as Example 1, differ only in：The temperature of acid solution in the step (1) is 20 DEG C, by following
The raw material composition of mass percent：Hydrochloric acid 0.75%, acetic acid 0.75%, water 98.5%.It is mixed that hydrochloric acid, acetic acid are added to the water stirring
Conjunction uniformly produces acid solution.
Embodiment 4
It is substantially the same manner as Example 1, differ only in：The temperature of acid solution in the step (1) is 20 DEG C, by following
The raw material composition of mass percent：Lactic acid 0.75%, hydrochloric acid 0.75%, water 98.5%.It is mixed that lactic acid, hydrochloric acid are added to the water stirring
Conjunction uniformly produces acid solution.
Embodiment 5
It is substantially the same manner as Example 1, differ only in, the step (2) is：Acidolysis material is added to the water, used
For 1mol/L salt acid for adjusting pH to ultrasonic extraction is carried out after 5, the mass ratio of the acidolysis material and water is 1:15, supersonic frequency is
20KHz, with 40 DEG C of ultrasonic extractions 60 minutes, using 180 mesh filter-cloth filterings, collect filtrate.
Embodiment 6
It is substantially the same manner as Example 1, differ only in, the step (2) is：Acidolysis material is added to the water, used
For 1mol/L salt acid for adjusting pH to ultrasonic extraction is carried out after 5, the mass ratio of the acidolysis material and water is 1:15, supersonic frequency is
20KHz, with 90 DEG C of ultrasonic extractions 60 minutes, using 180 mesh filter-cloth filterings, collect filtrate.
Embodiment 7
It is substantially the same manner as Example 1, differ only in, the step (2) is：Acidolysis material is added to the water, used
For 1mol/L salt acid for adjusting pH to ultrasonic extraction is carried out after 5, the mass ratio of the acidolysis material and water is 1:15, supersonic frequency is
20KHz, with 20 DEG C of ultrasonic extractions 60 minutes, using 180 mesh filter-cloth filterings, collect filtrate.
Embodiment 8
The technique that coloring agent is extracted in nanoscale madder, comprises the following steps：
(1) madder is crushed to 5 mesh, be then added in acid solution, the mass ratio of the madder and acid solution is 1：1, stirring
It is well mixed, place 60 minutes, using 180 mesh filter-cloth filterings, obtain acidolysis material；
(2) acidolysis material is added to the water, the salt acid for adjusting pH using 1mol/L is to carrying out ultrasonic extraction, the acidolysis after 5
The mass ratio of material and water is 1:15, supersonic frequency 20KHz, first with 40 DEG C of ultrasonic extractions 20 minutes, then with 90 DEG C of ultrasonic extractions
10 minutes, finally with 20 DEG C of ultrasonic extractions 30 minutes, using 180 mesh filter-cloth filterings, collect filtrate；
(3) it is 1.2g/cm the reverse osmosis membrane that filtrate via hole diameter is 0.0002 μm to be concentrated into density3, then -20 DEG C of warp is lyophilized
Cheng Fen.
(4) be lyophilized into after powder use again super grinder (super grinder for Wuxi City flight song Machinery Co., Ltd. produce
Model CXM super grinder) carry out extra-fine grinding to 500nm.Obtain nanoscale madder coloring agent.
The temperature of acid solution in the step (1) is 20 DEG C, is made up of the raw material of following mass percents：Lactic acid 0.5%,
Hydrochloric acid 0.5%, acetic acid 0.5%, water 98.5%.Lactic acid, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid are added to the water to be uniformly mixed and produce acid solution.
Test case 1
The nanoscale Chinese gall coloring agent yield that embodiment 1-7 is obtained is counted.Computational methods：Yield (%)=five
Gall nut coloring agent quality/Chinese gall quality × 100, specific test result are shown in Table 1.
Table 1：Survival rate result table
| Yield, % | |
| Embodiment 1 | 1.2 |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.7 |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.8 |
| Embodiment 4 | 0.8 |
| Embodiment 5 | 1.0 |
| Embodiment 6 | 0.9 |
| Embodiment 7 | 0.7 |
Comparing embodiment 1 and embodiment 2-4, embodiment 1 (lactic acid, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid compounding) yield is apparently higher than embodiment
2-4 (the two any compounding in lactic acid, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid).Comparing embodiment 1 and embodiment 5-7, embodiment 1 (are surpassed using three stages
Sound extracts) yield is apparently higher than in embodiment 5-7 (holding steady temperature).
Test case 2
The dyeability for the nanoscale Chinese gall coloring agent that embodiment 1-7 is obtained is tested.By Chinese gall coloring agent
It is 1 in mass ratio with water：20 are made into dye liquor, and its pH is adjusted into 5, the dye liquor of same volume are measured, to silk fabrics
(100wt% mulberry silks) is dyed, 100 DEG C of dyeing temperature, bath raio 1:25.Dyeability test result is shown in Table 2.
Table 2：Dyeability test result table
| Degree of fixation (%) | Washing color fastness | Colour fastness to rubbing | |
| Embodiment 1 | 96 | 5 grades | 5 grades |
| Embodiment 2 | 89 | 3 grades | 4 grades |
| Embodiment 3 | 92 | 4 grades | 4 grades |
| Embodiment 4 | 90 | 4 grades | 3 grades |
| Embodiment 5 | 88 | 4 grades | 4 grades |
| Embodiment 6 | 93 | 3 grades | 3 grades |
| Embodiment 7 | 92 | 4 grades | 4 grades |
Comparing embodiment 1 and embodiment 2-4, embodiment 1 (lactic acid, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid compounding) dyeability is apparently higher than reality
Apply a 2-4 (the two any compounding in lactic acid, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid).Comparing embodiment 1 and embodiment 5-7, embodiment 1 (use three ranks
Section ultrasonic extraction) dyeability is apparently higher than in embodiment 5-7 (keep steady temperature ultrasonic extraction).
Claims (2)
1. a kind of technique that nanoscale coloring agent is extracted from plant, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) plant is crushed, be then added in acid solution, the mass ratio of the plant and acid solution is (1-3)：(1-3), stirring are equal
It is even, place 30-90 minutes, filtering, obtain acidolysis material；
(2) acidolysis material is added to the water, carries out ultrasonic extraction after adjusting pH to 3-10, the mass ratio of the acidolysis material and water is 1:
10-1:50, supersonic frequency 10-80KHz, first with 38-42 DEG C of ultrasonic extraction 15-25 minute, then with 88-92 DEG C of ultrasonic extraction 5-
15 minutes, finally with 18-22 DEG C of ultrasonic extraction 25-35 minute, filtering, collect filtrate；
(3) filtrate is concentrated, be freeze-dried；
(4) extra-fine grinding；
The temperature of acid solution in the step (1) is 10-30 DEG C, is made up of the raw material of following mass percents：Lactic acid 0.3-
3%th, hydrochloric acid 0.3-3%, acetic acid 0.3-3%, water 91-99%.
2. the technique of nanoscale coloring agent is extracted from plant as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described plant is
One or more mixture in water chestnut, Chinese gall, Chinese sumac, Ke Shu, Mongolian oak leaf, paint Husband's older sister, elegant jessamine, Platycarya strobilacea, Chinese tallow tree, wild rice.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107266933A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-10-20 | 中山市中广测协同创新中心 | Dyeing method on a kind of red sandalwood dyestuff and fabric |
| CN108047754B (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2019-09-24 | 海宁华翔漂染科技有限公司 | A kind of extraction process of nanoscale coloring agent |
| CN108912731A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-11-30 | 界首市恒仁服饰有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of vegetable dyeing agent |
| CN109370251A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-02-22 | 苏州经贸职业技术学院 | A kind of high efficiency extraction technique of vegetable dyeing agent |
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| CN103410017A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-11-27 | 祝洪哲 | Ecologic self-cleaning skin care fabric processed through using purely natural Chinese herbal medicinal plant dye |
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