CN106178157A - Blood detection and the method for bubble detection during a kind of hemodialysis - Google Patents

Blood detection and the method for bubble detection during a kind of hemodialysis Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106178157A
CN106178157A CN201610503590.9A CN201610503590A CN106178157A CN 106178157 A CN106178157 A CN 106178157A CN 201610503590 A CN201610503590 A CN 201610503590A CN 106178157 A CN106178157 A CN 106178157A
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Prior art keywords
blood
bubble
detection
threshold value
self
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Chinese (zh)
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阮彬鑫
陈君
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Guangdong Biolight Meditech Co Ltd
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Guangdong Biolight Meditech Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610503590.9A priority Critical patent/CN106178157A/en
Publication of CN106178157A publication Critical patent/CN106178157A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3626—Gas bubble detectors

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of blood detection and the method for bubble detection during hemodialysis, self-inspection is carried out by the output voltage values of relatively self-inspection threshold value set in advance and device, calculate blood and the linear relationship of normal saline melting concn, the maximum error threshold value that tubulature deviation allows, draw blood and complete threshold value and blood back completes threshold values, and obtain bubble detection threshold value, if there is bubble in pipeline during treatment, different-diameter bubble will reduce the attenuation to light to varying degrees, output voltage values intensity then judges bubble detected and export warning more than bubble detection threshold value, realize accurately automatically drawing blood and blood back.Blood detection and the method for bubble detection during a kind of hemodialysis, simplify equipment and operation, can be with self-inspection quality, and improve production rigging error and the redundancy of operating error, can Intelligent adjustment threshold values, there is equipment and be simple and convenient to operate, can accurately detect the advantage such as blood and bubble.

Description

Blood detection and the method for bubble detection during a kind of hemodialysis
Technical field
The present invention relates to medical field and field of blood purification, during being specifically related to a kind of hemodialysis, blood is visited Survey and the method for bubble detection.
Background technology
In dialysis procedure, haemodialysis equipment needs to monitor in extracorporeal circulation pipeline whether detect blood, and And need over the course for the treatment of to detect in blood whether introduce bubble in real time, it is to avoid bubble enters human body and causes danger.
Solution typically now, for integrating colour recognition blood detection device and ultrasonic bubble detection device, passes through face Whether colour discrimination blood detection device detection pipeline exists blood, by whether ultrasonic bubble detection device detection pipeline is deposited At bubble.Such design is relative complex in principle and operation, needs twice tubulature, increases the operation of nurse, is not easy to doctor Protecting librarian use, and such device usually matches part, installation cost is high.
In sum, it is desirable to provide blood detection and the method for bubble detection during a kind of hemodialysis, to solve Certainly equipment is complicated, operate the problems such as inconvenience and high cost.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides blood detection during a kind of hemodialysis With the method for bubble detection, there is the advantages such as equipment is simple and easy to operate, it is possible to accurately detection blood and bubble, it is achieved from Move and draw blood and blood back.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
During a kind of hemodialysis blood detection and bubble detection method, described method based on haemodialysis equipment, Being provided with detector unit and alarm unit on described haemodialysis equipment, described detector unit includes the light-emitting diodes launching signal Pipe and the phototriode of induced signal, described phototriode obtains output voltage values according to the signal of sensing, specifically includes Following steps:
1) startup self-detection, presets self-inspection threshold value V1 and self-inspection threshold value V2, controls the light on and off of light emitting diode, records photosensitive three Output voltage values Va and Vb of pole pipe sensing, by comparing Va, Vb and V1, V2 carries out self-inspection, and self-inspection is not by then judgment means Fault also exports warning, and self-inspection is by then performing step 2)；
2) calculate the linear relationship ab of current blood and normal saline melting concn according to Va and Vb, and obtain tubulature deviation Maximum error threshold value V3 allowed；
3) tubulature preliminary filling, makes pipeline be full of normal saline, records the magnitude of voltage Vc of now phototriode output, when Vc is less than V3 Time, then judge that tubulature is not in place, export alarm tubulature again, when Vc is greater than or equal to V3, then judge that tubulature puts in place, holds Row step 4)；
4) calculate respectively according to linear relationship ab and Vc and draw blood and complete threshold value V4 and blood back completes threshold values V5；
5) drawing blood to start, the liquid of pipeline is gradually become blood samples of patients from normal saline, along with blood mixing in normal saline Conjunction concentration gradually rises, phototriode output magnitude of voltage be gradually lowered, when less than draw blood complete threshold value V4 time, then judge draw Blood completes；
6) treatment, according to the velocity of blood flow S set and tubing internal diameter, dynamically regulates frequency acquisition, during treatment, works as light Quick audion detects that feedback signal strength judges to detect bubble when being more than bubble set in advance detection threshold value, stops blood Blood flowing in liquid dialysis apparatus, when phototriode detects that feedback signal strength is less than or equal to bubble set in advance Judging to be not detected by bubble during detection threshold value, treatment continues；
7) blood back starts, and the liquid of pipeline is gradually become normal saline from blood, along with blood mixing in normal saline is dense Degree is gradually lowered, and the magnitude of voltage of phototriode output gradually rises, and when completing threshold values V5 higher than blood back, then judges to draw blood complete Become.
Further, the self-inspection in described step 1) specifically includes following steps:
11) control light emitting diode to open, record the output voltage values Va of now haemodialysis equipment, if Va is less than V1, then sentence Disconnected plant failure also exports warning, and self-inspection is not passed through；
12) control light emitting diode to close, record the output voltage values Vb of now haemodialysis equipment, if Vb is higher than V2, then sentence Disconnected plant failure also exports warning, and self-inspection is not passed through；
13) if step 11) and 12) all pass through, then judge that self-inspection is passed through.
Further, described step 2) specifically include:
The linear relationship ab=(Va-Vb)/100% of blood and normal saline melting concn, the maximum error threshold that tubulature deviation allows Value V3=Va*80%.
Further, described step 4) specifically includes:
Calculate according to linear relationship ab and Vc and draw blood and complete threshold value V4 and blood back completes threshold values V5, wherein draw blood and complete threshold value V4 =Vc-((Vc-Vb)/100%) * 40%, and blood back completes threshold values V5=Vc-((Vc-Vb)/100%) * 10%.
Further, the dynamically regulation frequency acquisition in described step 6) specifically includes following steps:
61) combine time t that the velocity of blood flow S set show that the bubble of single fixed volume VL flows through on sensing device= VL/S/60；
62) dynamically regulation frequency acquisition is f=4/t.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: blood detection and the method for bubble detection, letter during a kind of hemodialysis Change equipment and operation, with self-inspection quality, and production rigging error and the redundancy of operating error can have been improve, it is possible to intelligence is adjusted Joint threshold values, it is achieved accurately automatically draw blood and blood back, have equipment simply, low cost, easy to operate, can accurately detect blood With advantages such as bubbles.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The invention will be further described with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is blood detection of the present invention and the method flow diagram of bubble detection.
Detailed description of the invention
Blood has the molecule that hemocyte and blood plasma etc. are bigger, wherein macromolecular complex confrontation infrared light compared with normal saline The absorption reflecting effect of line is more obvious than normal saline, propagates light and plays attenuation, weakens what phototriode received Optical signal.Carry out the different phase of dialysis procedure, dynamically detected infrared electro signal intensity and intelligence by detector unit Threshold values can be set, detect signal when drawing blood and then detect blood less than drawing blood threshold values, draw blood and complete；Detect signal during blood back to be higher than Blood back threshold values then detects normal saline, and blood back completes.Over the course for the treatment of, the different-diameter bubble being mixed into transducer potector can be Reducing the attenuation to light signal in varying degrees, detection feedback signal strength i.e. judges gas to be detected more than threshold value Bubble.According to setting velocity of blood flow and requiring the Air Bubble Size of detection, dynamically regulate frequency acquisition.
Seeing Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is blood detection of the present invention and the method flow diagram of bubble detection.The present invention proposes a kind of blood In dialysis procedure blood detection and bubble detection method, described method based on haemodialysis equipment, described hemodialysis Being provided with detector unit and alarm unit on device, described detector unit includes light emitting diode and the induced signal launching signal Phototriode, described phototriode obtains output voltage values according to the signal of sensing, specifically includes following steps:
1) startup self-detection, presets self-inspection threshold value V1 and self-inspection threshold value V2, controls the light on and off of light emitting diode, records photosensitive three Output voltage values Va and Vb of pole pipe sensing, by comparing Va, Vb and V1, V2 carries out self-inspection, and self-inspection is not by then judgment means Fault also exports warning, and self-inspection is by then performing step 2)；
2) calculate the linear relationship ab of current blood and normal saline melting concn according to Va and Vb, and obtain tubulature deviation Maximum error threshold value V3 allowed；
3) tubulature preliminary filling, makes pipeline be full of normal saline, records the magnitude of voltage Vc of now phototriode output, when Vc is less than V3 Time, then judge that tubulature is not in place, export alarm tubulature again, when Vc is greater than or equal to V3, then judge that tubulature puts in place, holds Row step 4)；
4) calculate respectively according to linear relationship ab and Vc and draw blood and complete threshold value V4 and blood back completes threshold values V5；
5) drawing blood to start, the liquid of pipeline is gradually become blood samples of patients from normal saline, along with blood mixing in normal saline Conjunction concentration gradually rises, phototriode output magnitude of voltage be gradually lowered, when less than draw blood complete threshold value V4 time, then judge draw Blood completes；
6) treatment, according to the velocity of blood flow S set and tubing internal diameter, dynamically regulates frequency acquisition, during treatment, works as light Quick audion detects that feedback signal strength judges to detect bubble when being more than bubble set in advance detection threshold value, stops blood Blood flowing in liquid dialysis apparatus, when phototriode detects that feedback signal strength is less than or equal to bubble set in advance Judging to be not detected by bubble during detection threshold value, treatment continues；
7) blood back starts, and the liquid of pipeline is gradually become normal saline from blood, along with blood mixing in normal saline is dense Degree is gradually lowered, and the magnitude of voltage of phototriode output gradually rises, and when completing threshold values V5 higher than blood back, then judges to draw blood complete Become.
Blood detection and bubble are detected and unite two into one by this method, reduce the cost of equipment, simplify equipment and operation side Method, can the self-inspection of finishing device, and can accurately detect blood and bubble, it is achieved automatically draw blood and blood back.Secondly, this method Can also effectively evade the tubulature deviation brought due to production assembling deviation and nurse operation tubulature deviation, adaptation function is strong. It addition, the present invention can dynamically regulate frequency acquisition and alarm threshold value, it is achieved automatically draw blood and automatic blood-returning arbitration functions, improve Accurate measurement precision and stability.
Specifically, the self-inspection in step 1) specifically includes following steps:
11) control light emitting diode to open, record the output voltage values Va of now haemodialysis equipment, if Va is less than V1, then sentence Disconnected plant failure also exports warning, and self-inspection is not passed through；
12) control light emitting diode to close, record the output voltage values Vb of now haemodialysis equipment, if Vb is higher than V2, then sentence Disconnected plant failure also exports warning, and self-inspection is not passed through；
13) if step 11) and 12) all pass through, then judge that self-inspection is passed through.
Step 2) specifically include: the linear relationship ab=(Va-Vb)/100% of blood and normal saline melting concn, tubulature is inclined From maximum error threshold value V3=Va*80% allowed.
Step 4) specifically includes: calculates according to linear relationship ab and Vc and draws blood and complete threshold value V4 and blood back completes threshold values V5, wherein draws blood and completes threshold value V4=Vc-((Vc-Vb)/100%) * 40%, and blood back complete threshold values V5=Vc-((Vc-Vb)/ 100%)*10%。
Dynamically regulation frequency acquisition in step 6) specifically includes following steps:
61) combine time t that the velocity of blood flow S set show that the bubble of single fixed volume VL flows through on sensing device= VL/S/60；
62) dynamically regulation frequency acquisition is f=4/t.
The idiographic flow of the preferred embodiment for the present invention is:
1) startup self-detection, haemodialysis equipment powers on start, and the detector unit of blood bubble detection is carried out self-inspection, now blood The non-tubulature of dialysis apparatus, guide groove does not has any shelter.Presetting self-inspection threshold value V1 and self-inspection threshold value V2, software controls to light Light emitting diode, and record the magnitude of voltage Va of now phototriode output, if magnitude of voltage is less than threshold value V1 set, then judge This plant failure is also reported to the police, and self-inspection is not passed through；Software controls to extinguish light emitting diode, and records now phototriode output Magnitude of voltage Vb, if magnitude of voltage is higher than threshold value V2 set, then judges this plant failure and reports to the police, self-inspection is not passed through；By controlling The light on and off of light emitting diode, simulation infrared ray is blocked and is not blocked in the case of two kinds, the voltage output value of phototriode Whether judging in scope of design that sensing device is the most normal, self-inspection is not by then judgment means fault and exports warning, from Inspection is by then performing step 2)；
2) the linear relationship ab=(Va-Vb)/100% of current blood and normal saline melting concn is calculated according to Va and Vb, When the magnitude of voltage of phototriode output is Vh, the respective concentration h=(Va-that blood mixes in normal saline just can be calculated Vh)/ab, and maximum error threshold value V3=Va*80% that the threshold value tubulature deviation obtaining the maximum error that tubulature deviation allows allows, 80% is the empirical value obtained in long-term test process；
3) tubulature preliminary filling, makes pipeline be full of normal saline, records the magnitude of voltage Vc of now phototriode output, when Vc is less than V3 Time, then judge that tubulature is not in place, export alarm tubulature again, when Vc is greater than or equal to V3, then judge that tubulature puts in place, holds Row step 4)；
4) calculate respectively according to linear relationship ab and Vc and draw blood and complete threshold value V4 and blood back completes threshold values V5；According to Long-term clinical During the experience that obtains, draw during blood when the concentration that blood mixes in normal saline is gradually increased to 40% by zero, blood Liquid just will arrive waste fluid bag, draw blood and complete；The concentration mixed in normal saline when blood during blood back is by 100% gradually When being reduced to 10%, blood back completes.Judge in the case of calculating current tubulature according to linear relationship Vc and Vb that drawing blood completes threshold value V4= Vc-((Vc-Vb)/100%) * 40%, and calculate blood back and complete threshold values V5=Vc-((Vc-Vb)/100%) * 10%；
5) drawing blood to start, the liquid of pipeline is gradually become blood samples of patients from normal saline, along with blood mixing in normal saline Conjunction concentration gradually rises, phototriode output magnitude of voltage be gradually lowered, when less than draw blood complete threshold value V4 time, then judge draw Blood completes；
6) treatment, according to the velocity of blood flow S set and tubing internal diameter, dynamically regulates frequency acquisition, during treatment, works as light Quick audion detects when feedback signal strength is more than bubble set in advance detection threshold value, i.e. judges bubble to be detected, stops Blood flowing in haemodialysis equipment, when phototriode detection feedback signal strength is less than or equal to bubble set in advance During detection threshold value, i.e. judging to be not detected by bubble, treatment continues；The internal diameter of general extracorporeal circulation set tube is 8mm, sets according to nurse Fixed velocity of blood flow S (Unit/mL/Min), can calculate the bubble of single fixed volume VL (Unit/mL) on sensing device (unit s), velocity of blood flow S and tubing internal diameter according to setting dynamically regulate frequency acquisition f=4/ to the time t=VL/S/60 flow through T, thus reduce sensing device and cpu system is processed the time take, improve ensure while real-time bubble accuracy of detection and Stability；
7) blood back starts, and the liquid of pipeline is gradually become normal saline from blood, along with blood mixing in normal saline is dense Degree is gradually lowered, and the magnitude of voltage of phototriode output gradually rises, and when completing threshold values V5 higher than blood back, then judges to draw blood complete Become.
It is above the preferably enforcement of invention is illustrated, but innovation and creation are not limited to described embodiment, ripe Know those skilled in the art on the premise of spirit of the present invention, also can make all equivalent modifications or replacement, these Modification or the replacement of equivalent are all contained in the application claim limited range.

Claims (5)

1. blood detection and a method for bubble detection during hemodialysis, described method fills based on hemodialysis Putting, described haemodialysis equipment is provided with detector unit and alarm unit, described detector unit includes the luminescence launching signal Diode and the phototriode of induced signal, described phototriode obtains output voltage values according to the signal of sensing, and it is special Levy and be, specifically include following steps:
1) startup self-detection, presets self-inspection threshold value V1 and self-inspection threshold value V2, controls the light on and off of light emitting diode, records photosensitive three Output voltage values Va and Vb of pole pipe sensing, by comparing Va, Vb and V1, V2 carries out self-inspection, and self-inspection is not by then judgment means Fault also exports warning, and self-inspection is by then performing step 2)；
2) calculate the linear relationship ab of current blood and normal saline melting concn according to Va and Vb, and obtain tubulature deviation Maximum error threshold value V3 allowed；
3) tubulature preliminary filling, makes pipeline be full of normal saline, records the magnitude of voltage Vc of now phototriode output, when Vc is less than V3 Time, then judge that tubulature is not in place, export alarm tubulature again, when Vc is greater than or equal to V3, then judge that tubulature puts in place, holds Row step 4)；
4) calculate respectively according to linear relationship ab and Vc and draw blood and complete threshold value V4 and blood back completes threshold values V5；
5) drawing blood to start, the liquid of pipeline is gradually become blood samples of patients from normal saline, along with blood mixing in normal saline Conjunction concentration gradually rises, phototriode output magnitude of voltage be gradually lowered, when less than draw blood complete threshold value V4 time, then judge draw Blood completes；
6) treatment, according to the velocity of blood flow S set and tubing internal diameter, dynamically regulates frequency acquisition, during treatment, works as light Quick audion detects that feedback signal strength judges to detect bubble when being more than bubble set in advance detection threshold value, stops blood Blood flowing in liquid dialysis apparatus, when phototriode detects that feedback signal strength is less than or equal to bubble set in advance Judging to be not detected by bubble during detection threshold value, treatment continues；
7) blood back starts, and the liquid of pipeline is gradually become normal saline from blood, along with blood mixing in normal saline is dense Degree is gradually lowered, and the magnitude of voltage of phototriode output gradually rises, and when completing threshold values V5 higher than blood back, then judges to draw blood complete Become.
Blood detection and the method for bubble detection during a kind of hemodialysis the most according to claim 1, it is special Levying and be, the self-inspection in described step 1) specifically includes following steps:
11) control light emitting diode to open, record the output voltage values Va of now haemodialysis equipment, if Va is less than V1, then sentence Disconnected plant failure also exports warning, and self-inspection is not passed through；
12) control light emitting diode to close, record the output voltage values Vb of now haemodialysis equipment, if Vb is higher than V2, then sentence Disconnected plant failure also exports warning, and self-inspection is not passed through；
13) if step 11) and 12) all pass through, then judge that self-inspection is passed through.
Blood detection and the method for bubble detection during a kind of hemodialysis the most according to claim 1, it is special Levy and be, described step 2) specifically include:
The linear relationship ab=(Va-Vb)/100% of blood and normal saline melting concn, the maximum error threshold that tubulature deviation allows Value V3=Va*80%.
Blood detection and the method for bubble detection during a kind of hemodialysis the most according to claim 1, it is special Levying and be, described step 4) specifically includes:
Calculate according to linear relationship ab and Vc and draw blood and complete threshold value V4 and blood back completes threshold values V5, wherein draw blood and complete threshold value V4 =Vc-((Vc-Vb)/100%) * 40%, and blood back completes threshold values V5=Vc-((Vc-Vb)/100%) * 10%.
Blood detection and the method for bubble detection during a kind of hemodialysis the most according to claim 1, it is special Levying and be, the dynamically regulation frequency acquisition in described step 6) specifically includes following steps:
61) combine time t that the velocity of blood flow S set show that the bubble of single fixed volume VL flows through on sensing device= VL/S/60；
62) dynamically regulation frequency acquisition is f=4/t.
CN201610503590.9A 2016-06-28 2016-06-28 Blood detection and the method for bubble detection during a kind of hemodialysis Pending CN106178157A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109568697A (en) * 2018-12-10 2019-04-05 广东宝莱特医用科技股份有限公司 A kind of blood detection device
CN110494749A (en) * 2017-04-10 2019-11-22 费森尤斯医疗保健控股公司 The optical detection of bubble in salt or blood or both mixture
CN113589395A (en) * 2021-07-15 2021-11-02 桂林优利特医疗电子有限公司 Multichannel pipeline reagent alarm detection method and device in blood analyzer

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110494749A (en) * 2017-04-10 2019-11-22 费森尤斯医疗保健控股公司 The optical detection of bubble in salt or blood or both mixture
CN110494749B (en) * 2017-04-10 2021-06-22 费森尤斯医疗保健控股公司 Optical detection of bubbles in salt or blood or mixtures of the two
US11083832B2 (en) 2017-04-10 2021-08-10 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Optical detection of air bubbles in either saline or blood or a mixture of both
CN109568697A (en) * 2018-12-10 2019-04-05 广东宝莱特医用科技股份有限公司 A kind of blood detection device
CN113589395A (en) * 2021-07-15 2021-11-02 桂林优利特医疗电子有限公司 Multichannel pipeline reagent alarm detection method and device in blood analyzer

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