CN106175770A - Apneic determination methods and system during a kind of sleep - Google Patents
Apneic determination methods and system during a kind of sleep Download PDFInfo
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- 230000007958 sleep Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 206010003497 Asphyxia Diseases 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 208000008784 apnea Diseases 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 201000002859 sleep apnea Diseases 0.000 description 14
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
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- 238000013473 artificial intelligence Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010021079 Hypopnoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010041235 Snoring Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010041349 Somnolence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003187 abdominal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000038 chest Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003331 infrared imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000001797 obstructive sleep apnea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000306 recurrent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000023504 respiratory system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003860 sleep quality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000392 somatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/0826—Detecting or evaluating apnoea events
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/0816—Measuring devices for examining respiratory frequency
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
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- A61B5/4806—Sleep evaluation
- A61B5/4818—Sleep apnoea
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7225—Details of analog processing, e.g. isolation amplifier, gain or sensitivity adjustment, filtering, baseline or drift compensation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7235—Details of waveform analysis
- A61B5/725—Details of waveform analysis using specific filters therefor, e.g. Kalman or adaptive filters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
- A61B2562/0247—Pressure sensors
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Abstract
The present invention relates to apneic determination methods and system during a kind of sleep, wherein, the method includes: step 1: the sleep-respiratory signal during the sleep of Real-time Collection testee；Step 2: described sleep-respiratory signal processing is obtained breathing rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram；Step 3: whether apneic judgement conclusion occurs during being analyzed being slept to breathing rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram.Thus, the present invention is achieved by such scheme and need not contact with testee, the judgement that sleep is suspended can be realized, radiationless, testing result is accurate, and is easy to carry, convenient to use, user can be met and be under the environment such as house or travel use when carrying out apneic detection and investigation, reduce time and money cost consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the detection technique of a kind of sleep apnea being applicable under everyday environments, particularly to one
Kind in a non-contact manner the vital sign such as the breathing in monitoring sleep, pulse, sentences the breathing from suspending state in sleep
Apneic determination methods and system during disconnected sleep.
Background technology
Sleep apnea syndrome Sleep Apnea Syndrome (SAS), is a kind of common sleeping
Journey occurs the disease of respiratory disorder, specifically, refer to every night in 7 hours sleep procedure asphyxia recurrent exerbation 30 times with
Upper or apnea hypopnea indexes (often referred to simply as AHI) >=5 times/hour the one with the clinical disease such as drowsiness
Sleep breathing disorders.SAS has become the stealthy killer jeopardizing human life, according to statistics at present in developed country through the SAS of diagnosis and treatment
Patient accounts for the 20% of patient populations, and China occupies 2%.Figure (PSG) stream is led in predominantly standard monitoring method sleep of tracing it to its cause more
Journey complexity, somewhat expensive, user experience difference etc. and be difficult to popularization and application.Therefore, a kind of convenience, accurately substituting PSG is studied
The high detection method of rate, by providing strong technical support for SAS patient's early detection and diagnosis, has higher practical value.
At present, the method for existing detection sleep apnea syndrome typically has following several:
1, reduce the physiological parameter that PSG measures, measure the major parameter relevant with sleep apnea: such as patent documentation
CN202776304U discloses a kind of device analyzing sleep apnea event, and it is exhaled by mouth and nose pneumatic sensor, chest and abdomen
Inhale motion sensor, multiple physiological signal is detected by body position sensor, differentiates the generation of sleep-respiratory event.This kind of side
Although the monitoring parameter that method is than PSG is few, but remains a need for testee and wear multiple sensors, affect the sleep state of testee.
2, use non-contacting metering system or use less monitoring signal, making operation the simplest, to user
The as far as possible the fewest scheme of sleep impact: breathe pulse inspection as patent documentation CN102475541A discloses a kind of simple sleep state
Measuring alarming device, utilizes respiratory murmur and body temperature trans to monitor, and i.e. arranges expansion at bedside while using body temperature trans
Sound device, the respiratory movement in sleep is monitored by body temperature based on the testee in sleep and respiratory murmur.This kind of method due to
It is based primarily upon respiratory murmur to distinguish breathing from suspending state, it is therefore possible to be also identified as exhaling by the sound with respiratory murmur same frequency band
Sound-absorbing, thus there is the problem that measurement accuracy is the highest.
3, use other physiological features that asphyxia is judged: as patent documentation CN102973244A discloses one
Non-contact type sleep apnea monitoring method based on thermal infrared imaging technology and device, utilize thermal imaging system Real-time Collection people
Nostril and oral cavity thermal infrared images during somatic sleep, realize contactless monitoring sleep asphyxia by analyzing image.Also
As patent documentation CN102641125A discloses a kind of sleep apnea decision maker, by breast detected in sleep
The detection of the echo of the microwave that portion, abdominal part send realizes the judgement to breathing from suspending state.This kind of method must be based on tested
At person nostril, detection could realize thermal imaging, and it is one fixing to utilize the reflection of microwave to cause the healthy of testee and safety
Ringing, the ortho sleep that both modes all affect testee is healthy, and life-time service even can be with potential potential safety hazard.
4, application artificial intelligence technology, improves Detection accuracy: examine as patent documentation CN103083770A discloses one
Break and the system and method for the treatment of patient's breathing patterns, by the air-flow of oral nose mask monitoring patient, in recording respiration parameter
Value, meansigma methods, scope and standard deviation, collected and be input to neutral net, detects patient's states by neutral net.Also as specially
Profit document CN103690168A discloses the detection method of a kind for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, is satisfied by detection blood oxygen
With degree, the sound of snoring, three kinds of parameters of breath signal, according to artificial intelligence's decision-making theory, build obscuring element set membership function, then
Determine whether suffer from sleep apnea syndrome by maximum subjection principle.Neutral net that this kind of method is applied, maximum
It is subordinate to element scheduling algorithm and lacks certain priori, apneic judging process lacks credibility.
Therefore, the apneic method of above-mentioned judgement is required to rely on complicated loaded down with trivial details and that Consumer's Experience is extremely low PSG, doctor
Detection investigation could be realized, it is impossible to be applied to the everyday environments such as family or travel under institute's environment.
Summary of the invention
The invention aims to solve the shortcoming and defect of above-mentioned prior art, it is provided that breathe temporarily during a kind of sleep
The determination methods stopped and system, it is not necessary to contact with testee, can realize the judgement suspending sleep, radiationless, detection knot
Fruit accurately, and is easy to carry, convenient to use, can meet user and is at home or carries out apneic under the environment such as travel
Use when detection and investigation, reduces time and money cost consumption.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
First, it is provided that apneic determination methods during a kind of sleep, it comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the sleep-respiratory signal during the sleep of Real-time Collection testee；
Step 2: described sleep-respiratory signal processing is obtained breathing rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram；
Step 3: whether asphyxia occurs during being analyzed being slept to breathing rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram
Judgement conclusion.
Specifically, in described step 1, specifically include following steps:
Step 11: the sleep-respiratory analogue signal during being slept by piezoelectric transducer Real-time Collection testee；
Step 12: described sleep-respiratory analogue signal is converted to sleep-respiratory digital signal by A/D modular converter.
Further, in described step 2, specifically include following steps:
Step 21: described sleep-respiratory digital signal is carried out preliminary analysis and obtains the waveform of breathing rate and the ripple of pulse frequency
Shape；
Step 22: pass sequentially through shape filtering, peak filtering and covariance matching respectively to the waveform of described breathing rate and
The waveform of described pulse frequency processes, and is calculated breathing rate and pulse frequency accurately, and generates corresponding breathing rate waveform respectively
Figure and pulse frequency oscillogram.
Further, in described step 3, specifically include following steps:
Step 31: extract stable phase respectively in the same time period of described breathing rate oscillogram and described pulse frequency oscillogram
The breathing rate of interior 20s and the pulse frequency of 20s, and each second in 20s take maximum Xi and the maximum of a pulse frequency of a breathing rate
Value Yi, wherein i is integer, and 1≤i≤20；
Step 32: according to formulaIt is calculated the preliminary threshold that breathing from suspending state differentiates
M；
Step 33: Real-time Collection testee sleep during sleep-respiratory signal time, described in described step 31
Cache breathing rate data and the pulse rate data of 5s in the same time period, and each second in 5s takes the maximum of a breathing rate
The maximum Bi ' of Ai ' and a pulse frequency, wherein i ' is integer, and 1≤i '≤5；
Step 34: according to formulaIt is calculated parameter N that breathing from suspending state differentiates；
Step 35: during sleep-respiratory signal during Real-time Collection testee is slept, every time caching 5s breathing rate and
Pulse rate signal, is repeated once described step 33 and described step 34 every 1s, circulates successively, until terminating during Shui Mian；
Step 36: set initial asphyxia number of times count=0, when being often repeated once step 33 and step 34, compare N
Size with 7 × M；During and if only if N > 7 × M, count=count+1, represent and there occurs respiration suspending event；When
During count > 2, compare the size of N and 14 × M, during and if only if N > 14 × M, count=count+1, represent and there occurs once
Apnea；Whether the judgement conclusion of asphyxia and asphyxia number of times occurs during being slept.
For improving further the accuracy judging conclusion, as a further improvement on the present invention, described step 3 also include with
Lower step:
Step 37: in described step 36, when count value often adds 1, to the judgement conclusion in described step 36 according to carrying out
Secondary judges；This secondary judges to specifically include following steps:
Step 371: respectively breathing rate data and the pulse rate data of the 5s of caching in described step 33 are carried out 10 times successively
Down-sampled process and 10 times of interpolation processing, wherein sample frequencys fs=1000Hz, obtaining quantity respectively in this 5s is 5 × fs=
The breathing rate data of 5000 and the pulse rate data that quantity is 5 × fs=5000 point；By the breathing rate data record minute of 5000 o'clock
Wei ai”, and the pulse rate data record of 5000 is respectively bi”, wherein, i " it is integer, and 1≤i "≤5000；
Step 372: according to formulaIt is calculated breathing rate
Line slope variance S of data and pulse rate data2Value；
Step 373: asphyxia occurs really according to the determination of many groups parameter N that apnea occurs in step 36
The codomain scope of the line slope variance of event；
Step 374: when being in the value in described step 373 by described step 372 calculated line slope variance yields
During the scope of territory, it is determined that conclusion is that testee occurs apnea during sleeping；Otherwise, when being counted by described step 372
Time beyond the codomain scope that the line slope variance yields obtained is in described step 373, it is determined that conclusion is that testee is in sleep
Without there is apnea in period.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described step 373 occurs the line slope variance of apnea really
The determination of codomain scope specifically include following steps:
Step 3731: obtain parameter N that C group breathing from suspending state differentiates according to described step 33 and described step 34, and
According to described step 35 and described step 36, described C group breathing from suspending state discriminant parameter N is judged, exhale in described C group
Inhale halted state discriminant parameter N selects and there occurs the D group breathing from suspending state discriminant parameter N suspending respiration case；Wherein C
It is positive integer, C with D > D, and 50≤C≤500；
Step 3732: according to described step 371 respectively in described 5s corresponding for D group breathing from suspending state discriminant parameter N
Breathing rate data and pulse rate data process, the line slope side often organized in described step 372 is calculated D group after process
The value of difference, and be labeled as the most successively
Step 3733: in the value of the line slope variance of described D groupIn choose the line slope variance yields Q of a minimum1With
The line slope variance yields Q of one maximum2, and really occurred the codomain scope of line slope variance of apnea for (Q1,
Q2) or [Q1, Q2]。
For simplifying the structure of the system of the present invention further and ensureing the comfort level of testee, do not affect testee sleep body
Test, as a further improvement on the present invention, in described step 11, by piezoelectric transducer be arranged at testee pillow base and
Realize the sleep-respiratory analogue signal during the sleep of Real-time Collection testee.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described A/D modular converter includes the filter circuit being sequentially connected electrically, amplifies electricity
Road and A/D change-over circuit；Described filter circuit electrically connects with described piezoelectric transducer, and to the simulation transmitted by piezoelectric transducer
Signal is input to amplifying circuit after being filtered processing；Analogue signal after filtered process is put by described amplifying circuit
Greatly, and it is sent to described A/D change-over circuit, described A/D change-over circuit will sequentially pass through the simulation letter of filtering and processing and amplifying
Number it is converted into digital signal.
For simplifying calculation procedure and processing procedure further, as a further improvement on the present invention, in described step 21, logical
Cross and described sleep-respiratory digital signal is input on processor or computer carry out preliminary analysis by LabVIEW software obtains
The waveform of breathing rate and the waveform of pulse frequency.
Secondly, for reaching another object of the present invention, present invention also offers a kind of with described sleep during asphyxia
Sleep corresponding to determination methods during apneic judgement system, this system includes piezoelectric transducer, the A/D being sequentially connected with
Modular converter and processor；
Described piezoelectric transducer sleep-respiratory analogue signal during Real-time Collection testee is slept, and it is sent to institute
State A/D modular converter；
Described A/D modular converter is for being converted into sleep-respiratory digital signal by described sleep-respiratory analogue signal, and passes
Deliver to described processor；
Described processor is used for described sleep-respiratory Digital Signal Processing is obtained breathing rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram,
And whether apneic judgement conclusion occurs during being analyzed being slept to breathing rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram.
By technique scheme, during present invention sleep, apneic determination methods and system have reached following useful
Technique effect:
1) pass through the situation of change to the pressure that medicated pillow produces when piezoelectric transducer detection testee is slept, parse tested
The signal of person's P&R two-way, and combine the aggregation of data differentiation asphyxia of testee P&R two paths of signals,
More higher than the existing credibility only relying on breath signal, and need not contact with testee, can realize sleep time-out is sentenced
Fixed, radiationless, testing result is accurate；Further, solve existing needs be accurately judged to apneic state to sleep matter
Under conditions of amount makes correct assessment, it is necessary to rely on the expensive patient leading figure hypnogram PSG and cause must be more
Laboratory or hospital carry out sleeping soundly and connect under the supervision of technical staff many monitoring electrodes, thus affect testee sleep
Quality, has also consumed the time and money cost of consumer, and the detecting system of the present invention do not contact with testee can be real
The now differentiation to testee breathing from suspending state, and detecting system is small and exquisite portable, convenient to use, can meet user and be in residence
Carry out apneic detection and use during investigation under the environment such as family or travel, reduce time and money cost consumption.
2) by described step 371, point too high or too low in breathing rate and pulse rate data, beneficially breathing rate are got rid of
Waveform and pulse frequency wavy curve smooth；
3) by described step 372～374, the apnea through once judging is carried out second time and judges, by
This be conducive to further increasing sleep by twice judgement during the accuracy of apneic differentiation.
In order to be more fully understood that and implement, describe the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the brief FB(flow block) of apneic determination methods during the present invention sleeps；
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of apneic judgement system during the present invention sleeps；
Fig. 3 is the structure chart after apneic judgement system is improved further during the sleep in Fig. 2.
Detailed description of the invention
Refer to Fig. 1, for solving the problem that prior art exists, apneic during the invention provides a kind of sleep
Determination methods, it comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the sleep-respiratory signal during the sleep of Real-time Collection testee；Specifically, described step 1 includes following step
Rapid:
Step 11: the sleep-respiratory analogue signal during being slept by piezoelectric transducer Real-time Collection testee；
Step 12: described sleep-respiratory analogue signal is converted to sleep-respiratory digital signal by A/D modular converter.
Step 2: described sleep-respiratory signal processing is obtained breathing rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram；Specifically, described
Step 2 comprises the following steps:
Step 21: described sleep-respiratory digital signal is carried out preliminary analysis and obtains the waveform of breathing rate and the ripple of pulse frequency
Shape；
Step 22: pass sequentially through shape filtering, peak filtering and covariance matching respectively to the waveform of described breathing rate and
The waveform of described pulse frequency processes, and is calculated breathing rate and pulse frequency accurately, and generates corresponding breathing rate waveform respectively
Figure and pulse frequency oscillogram.
Step 3: whether asphyxia occurs during being analyzed being slept to breathing rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram
Judgement conclusion；Specifically, described step 3 comprises the following steps:
Step 31: extract stable phase respectively in the same time period of described breathing rate oscillogram and described pulse frequency oscillogram
The breathing rate of interior 20s and the pulse frequency of 20s, and each second in 20s take maximum Xi and the maximum of a pulse frequency of a breathing rate
Value Yi, wherein i is integer, and 1≤i≤20；
Step 32: according to formulaIt is calculated the preliminary threshold that breathing from suspending state differentiates
M；
Step 33: Real-time Collection testee sleep during sleep-respiratory signal time, described in described step 31
Cache breathing rate data and the pulse rate data of 5s in the same time period, and each second in 5s takes the maximum of a breathing rate
The maximum Bi ' of Ai ' and a pulse frequency, wherein i ' is integer, and 1≤i '≤5；
Step 34: according to formulaIt is calculated parameter N that breathing from suspending state differentiates；
Step 35: during sleep-respiratory signal during Real-time Collection testee is slept, every time caching 5s breathing rate and
Pulse rate signal, is repeated once described step 33 and described step 34 every 1s, circulates successively, until terminating during Shui Mian；
Step 36: set initial asphyxia number of times count=0, when being often repeated once step 33 and step 34, compare N
Size with 7 × M；During and if only if N > 7 × M, count=count+1, represent and there occurs respiration suspending event；When
During count > 2, compare the size of N and 14 × M, during and if only if N > 14 × M, count=count+1, represent and there occurs once
Apnea；Whether the judgement conclusion of asphyxia and asphyxia number of times occurs during being slept.
For improving the accuracy judging conclusion further, as a kind of more excellent technical scheme of the present invention, to described step 3
Carrying out the most perfect, the step 3 after improving is in addition to including step 31～36, further comprising the steps of:
Step 37: in described step 36, when count value often adds 1, to the judgement conclusion in described step 36 according to carrying out
Secondary judges；This secondary judges to specifically include following steps:
Step 371: respectively breathing rate data and the pulse rate data of the 5s of caching in described step 33 are carried out 10 times successively
Down-sampled process and 10 times of interpolation processing, wherein sample frequencys fs=1000Hz, obtaining quantity respectively in this 5s is 5 × fs=
The breathing rate data of 5000 and the pulse rate data that quantity is 5 × fs=5000 point；By the breathing rate data record minute of 5000 o'clock
Wei ai”, and the pulse rate data record of 5000 is respectively bi”, wherein, i " it is integer, and 1≤i "≤5000；
Step 372: according to formulaIt is calculated breathing rate
Line slope variance S of data and pulse rate data2Value；
Step 373: asphyxia occurs really according to the determination of many groups parameter N that apnea occurs in step 36
The codomain scope of the line slope variance of event；Specifically include following steps:
Step 3731: obtain parameter N that C group breathing from suspending state differentiates according to described step 33 and described step 34, and
According to described step 35 and described step 36, described C group breathing from suspending state discriminant parameter N is judged, exhale in described C group
Inhale halted state discriminant parameter N selects and there occurs the D group breathing from suspending state discriminant parameter N suspending respiration case；Wherein C
It is positive integer, C with D > D, and 50≤C≤500；
Step 3732: according to described step 371 respectively in described 5s corresponding for D group breathing from suspending state discriminant parameter N
Breathing rate data and pulse rate data process, the line slope side often organized in described step 372 is calculated D group after process
The value of difference, and be labeled as the most successively
Step 3733: in the value of the line slope variance of described D groupIn choose the line slope variance yields Q of a minimum1
Line slope variance yields Q with a maximum2, and really occurred the codomain scope of the line slope variance of apnea to be
(Q1, Q2) or [Q1, Q2]。
Step 374: when being in the value in described step 373 by described step 372 calculated line slope variance yields
During the scope of territory, it is determined that conclusion is that testee occurs apnea during sleeping；Otherwise, when being counted by described step 372
Time beyond the codomain scope that the line slope variance yields obtained is in described step 373, it is determined that conclusion is that testee is in sleep
Without there is apnea in period.
It addition, in other variant embodiment, thus it is possible to vary the span of C so that the numerical value D acquired the biggest more
Good, so it is also beneficial to improve the accuracy that asphyxia differentiates further.
For simplifying the structure of the system of the present invention further and ensureing the comfort level of testee, do not affect testee sleep body
Test, as a kind of more excellent technical scheme of the present invention, in described step 11, be arranged at the medicated pillow of testee by piezoelectric transducer
Bottom and realize Real-time Collection testee sleep during sleep-respiratory analogue signal.
The sleep-respiratory digital signal little for obtaining external disturbance, to improve the accuracy that asphyxia differentiates further,
As a kind of more excellent technical scheme, described A/D modular converter includes filter circuit, amplifying circuit and the A/D being sequentially connected electrically
Change-over circuit.Described filter circuit electrically connects with described piezoelectric transducer, and enters the analogue signal transmitted by piezoelectric transducer
It is input to amplifying circuit after row Filtering Processing；Analogue signal after filtered process is amplified by described amplifying circuit, and passes
Deliver to described A/D change-over circuit, described A/D change-over circuit the analogue signal sequentially passing through filtering and processing and amplifying is converted into
Digital signal.
For simplifying calculation procedure and processing procedure further, as a kind of more excellent technical scheme, in described step 21, logical
Cross and described sleep-respiratory digital signal is input on processor or computer carry out preliminary analysis by LabVIEW software obtains
The waveform of breathing rate and the waveform of pulse frequency.Wherein, computer can be portable computer can also be desk computer, can root
Convenient processing equipment is selected according to the need for environment of testee.
It addition, in other embodiments, it is also possible to the waveform of other Software Create breathing rate in addition to LabVIEW software
With the waveform of pulse frequency, such as MALAB software etc..
Refer to Fig. 2, it addition, apneic determination methods is corresponding during present invention also offers a kind of and described sleep
Sleep during apneic judgement system, this system includes piezoelectric transducer 10, A/D modular converter 20 and being sequentially connected with
Processor 30.
The described piezoelectric transducer 10 sleep-respiratory analogue signal during Real-time Collection testee is slept, and be sent to
Described A/D modular converter 20；
Described A/D modular converter 20 is used for described sleep-respiratory analogue signal is converted into sleep-respiratory digital signal, and
It is sent to described processor 30；
Described processor 30 is for obtaining breathing rate oscillogram and pulse frequency waveform to described sleep-respiratory Digital Signal Processing
Figure, and whether occur during being analyzed sleep to breathing rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram apneic judging to tie
Opinion.
Refer to Fig. 3, for avoiding piezoelectric transducer 10 to be walked by such environmental effects phenomenon, extend pressure simultaneously
The service life of electric transducer 10, as a kind of more excellent technical scheme, apneic judgement system during present invention sleep
Also include a sensor installing plate 40；Described piezoelectric transducer 10 is embedded the middle part being installed on described sensor installing plate 40, and
Its test side leaks outside and is arranged at the surface of described sensor installing plate 40, and with the flush of sensor installing plate 40.At this
In embodiment, the length and width that the length and width of sensor installing plate 40 are preferably sized to the medicated pillow with testee are in the same size or close.
The sleep-respiratory digital signal little for obtaining external disturbance, to improve the accuracy that asphyxia differentiates further,
As a kind of more excellent technical scheme, described A/D modular converter 20 includes being sequentially connected electrically and be integrated in the filter on same pcb board
Wave circuit, amplifying circuit and A/D change-over circuit.Described filter circuit electrically connects with described piezoelectric transducer 10, and to by piezoelectricity
The analogue signal that sensor 10 transmits is input to amplifying circuit after being filtered processing；After described amplifying circuit is to filtered process
Analogue signal be amplified, and be sent to described A/D change-over circuit；Described A/D change-over circuit by the serial ports on pcb board with
Processor 30 connects, and the analogue signal sequentially passing through filtering and processing and amplifying is converted into digital signal by it, and will by serial ports
Digital signal is sent to processor 30, processor 30 process of described Digital Signal Analysis obtains the judgement of asphyxia situation
Conclusion.
When needs detection breath signal and pulse signal, when monoblock sensor installing plate 40 is placed on testee sleep
Need the bottom surface of the medicated pillow used, or be nested in the pillow covering towel of medicated pillow, pressurized together with medicated pillow；And A/D modular converter 20 is permissible
It is placed on bedside or other convenient place placed.Can be by native system detection breath signal and pulse when testee is slept
Signal, processor 30 can constantly process data, the work completing subsequent analysis, processing and judge during the sleep of testee
Make.Specifically, can be in conjunction with determination methods apneic during the sleep of the present invention to asphyxia during the sleep of the present invention
The work process of judgement system and operation principle understand, therefore do not repeat them here.
In other variant embodiment, described processor 30 could alternatively be computer, mobile phone, panel computer or wrist-watch
Deng other intelligent terminal.
Relative to prior art, during present invention sleep, apneic determination methods and system need not connect with testee
Touching, can realize the judgement suspending sleep, radiationless, testing result is accurate, and is easy to carry, convenient to use, can be full
Foot user is under the environment such as house or travel and carries out apneic detection and use during investigation, reduces time and money and becomes
This consumption.
The invention is not limited in above-mentioned embodiment, if various changes or deformation to the present invention are without departing from the present invention
Spirit and scope, if these are changed and within the scope of deformation belongs to claim and the equivalent technologies of the present invention, then this
Bright being also intended to comprises these changes and deformation.
Claims (10)
1. apneic determination methods during a sleep, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
Step 1: the sleep-respiratory signal during the sleep of Real-time Collection testee；
Step 2: described sleep-respiratory signal processing is obtained breathing rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram；
Step 3: whether occur during being analyzed being slept to breathing rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram apneic sentencing
Determine conclusion.
Apneic determination methods during sleep the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step 1, tool
Body comprises the following steps:
Step 11: the sleep-respiratory analogue signal during being slept by piezoelectric transducer Real-time Collection testee；
Step 12: described sleep-respiratory analogue signal is converted to sleep-respiratory digital signal by A/D modular converter.
Apneic determination methods during sleep the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in described step 2, tool
Body comprises the following steps:
Step 21: described sleep-respiratory digital signal is carried out preliminary analysis and obtains the waveform of breathing rate and the waveform of pulse frequency；
Step 22: pass sequentially through shape filtering, peak filtering and covariance matching respectively to the waveform of described breathing rate and described
The waveform of pulse frequency processes, and is calculated breathing rate and pulse frequency accurately, and generate respectively corresponding breathing rate oscillogram and
Pulse frequency oscillogram.
4. according to apneic determination methods during the sleep described in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: described
In step 3, specifically include following steps:
Step 31: extract respectively in stable phase in the same time period of described breathing rate oscillogram and described pulse frequency oscillogram
The breathing rate of 20s and the pulse frequency of 20s, and each second in 20s take maximum Xi and the maximum of a pulse frequency of a breathing rate
Yi, wherein i is integer, and 1≤i≤20；
Step 32: according to formulaIt is calculated the preliminary threshold M that breathing from suspending state differentiates；
Step 33: during sleep-respiratory signal during Real-time Collection testee is slept, described same in described step 31
The breathing rate data of caching 5s and pulse rate data in time period, and each second in 5s take a breathing rate maximum Ai ' and
The maximum Bi ' of one pulse frequency, wherein i ' is integer, and 1≤i '≤5；
Step 34: according to formulaIt is calculated parameter N that breathing from suspending state differentiates；
Step 35: during sleep-respiratory signal during Real-time Collection testee is slept, the every time breathing rate of caching 5s and pulse frequency
Signal, is repeated once described step 33 and described step 34 every 1s, circulates successively, until terminating during Shui Mian；
Step 36: set initial asphyxia number of times count=0, when being often repeated once step 33 and step 34, compare N and 7 ×
The size of M；During and if only if N > 7 × M, count=count+1, represent and there occurs respiration suspending event；Work as count > 2
Time, compare the size of N and 14 × M, during and if only if N > 14 × M, count=count+1, represent and there occurs that respiration suspends
Event；Whether the judgement conclusion of asphyxia and asphyxia number of times occurs during being slept.
Apneic determination methods during sleep the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described step 3 is also wrapped
Include following steps:
Step 37: in described step 36, when count value often adds 1, to the judgement conclusion in described step 36 according to carrying out secondary
Judge；This secondary judges to specifically include following steps:
Step 371: respectively breathing rate data and the pulse rate data of the 5s of caching in described step 33 are carried out 10 times of falls successively and adopt
Sample processes and 10 times of interpolation processing, wherein sample frequencys fs=1000Hz, and obtaining quantity respectively in this 5s is 5 × fs=5000
The breathing rate data of point and pulse rate data that quantity is 5 × fs=5000 point；The breathing rate data records of 5000 are respectively
ai”, and the pulse rate data record of 5000 is respectively bi”, wherein, i " it is integer, and 1≤i "≤5000；
Step 372: according to formulaIt is calculated breathing rate data
Line slope variance S with pulse rate data2Value；
Step 373: apnea occurs really according to the determination of many groups parameter N that apnea occurs in step 36
The codomain scope of line slope variance；
Step 374: when the codomain model being in described step 373 by described step 372 calculated line slope variance yields
When enclosing, it is determined that conclusion is that testee occurs apnea during sleeping；Otherwise, when being calculated by described step 372
To the codomain scope that is in described step 373 of line slope variance yields beyond time, it is determined that conclusion is that testee is during sleeping
Without there is apnea.
Apneic determination methods during sleep the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: in described step 373
The determination that the codomain scope of the line slope variance of apnea really occurs specifically includes following steps:
Step 3731: according to described step 33 and described step 34 obtain C group breathing from suspending state differentiate parameter N, and according to
Described C group breathing from suspending state discriminant parameter N is judged by described step 35 and described step 36, breathes temporarily in described C group
Stop condition discrimination parameter N selecting and there occurs the D group breathing from suspending state discriminant parameter N suspending respiration case；Wherein C and D
It is positive integer, C > D, and 50≤C≤500；
Step 3732: according to described step 371 respectively to exhaling in described 5s corresponding for D group breathing from suspending state discriminant parameter N
Suction rate data and pulse rate data process, the line slope variance often organized in described step 372 is calculated D group after process
Value, and be labeled as the most successively
Step 3733: in the value of the line slope variance of described D groupIn choose the line slope variance yields Q of a minimum1With one
Big line slope variance yields Q2, and really occurred the codomain scope of line slope variance of apnea for (Q1, Q2) or
[Q1, Q2]。
Apneic determination methods during sleep the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in described step 11,
It is arranged at the pillow base of testee by piezoelectric transducer and realizes the sleep-respiratory mould during Real-time Collection testee is slept
Intend signal.
Apneic determination methods during sleep the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described A/D modulus of conversion
Block includes filter circuit, amplifying circuit and the A/D change-over circuit being sequentially connected electrically；Described filter circuit and described piezoelectric transducer
Electrical connection, and the analogue signal transmitted by piezoelectric transducer is filtered process after be input to amplifying circuit；Described amplification electricity
Analogue signal after filtered process is amplified by road, and is sent to described A/D change-over circuit, by described A/D change-over circuit
The analogue signal sequentially passing through filtering and processing and amplifying is converted into digital signal.
Apneic determination methods during sleep the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: in described step 21,
Obtain by described sleep-respiratory digital signal is input on processor or computer carry out preliminary analysis by LabVIEW software
Waveform and the waveform of pulse frequency to breathing rate.
10. apneic judgement system during a sleep, it is characterised in that: include piezoelectric transducer, the A/D being sequentially connected with
Modular converter and processor；
Described piezoelectric transducer sleep-respiratory analogue signal during Real-time Collection testee is slept, and it is sent to described A/
D modular converter；
Described A/D modular converter is for being converted into sleep-respiratory digital signal by described sleep-respiratory analogue signal, and is sent to
Described processor；
Described processor is for obtaining breathing rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram to described sleep-respiratory Digital Signal Processing and right
Whether breathing rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram there is apneic judgement conclusion during being analyzed being slept.
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