CN106169861B - Protection circuit for brake resistor - Google Patents

Protection circuit for brake resistor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106169861B
CN106169861B CN201610329556.4A CN201610329556A CN106169861B CN 106169861 B CN106169861 B CN 106169861B CN 201610329556 A CN201610329556 A CN 201610329556A CN 106169861 B CN106169861 B CN 106169861B
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China
Prior art keywords
intermediate circuit
voltage
control device
voltage intermediate
current
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CN201610329556.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN106169861A (en
Inventor
R·维尔豪尔
J·赖特尔
K·科拉尔
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Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
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Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/40—Testing power supplies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/007—Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/003—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to inverters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/02—Dynamic electric resistor braking
    • B60L7/06—Dynamic electric resistor braking for vehicles propelled by ac motors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/58—Testing of lines, cables or conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
    • H02M5/453—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/458—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M5/4585—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having a rectifier with controlled elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0083—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration
    • H02M1/0085—Partially controlled bridges
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Stopping Of Electric Motors (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling an electronic circuit arrangement having a DC voltage intermediate circuit (22), which DC voltage intermediate circuit (22) can be connected at the input end to an AC voltage source (1) by means of a rectifier (7) and which DC voltage intermediate circuit (22) is designed to be connected at the output end to at least one electrical load (15) by means of a converter (14), wherein at least two braking resistors (4, 5) that can be connected in parallel are present in the DC voltage intermediate circuit (22). The invention is characterized in that a current (-I-DCL) in the DC voltage intermediate circuit (22) is detected by a detection unit (16), and the operating behavior of the parallel-connected brake resistors (4, 5) is checked by a control device (2) as a function of the detected current (-I-DCL) in the DC voltage intermediate circuit (22). The invention is further characterized in that the current (-I-DCL) in the DC voltage intermediate circuit (22) is detected by a detection unit (16), the control device (2) detects the collector-emitter voltage at the chopper transistor (17) and switches off the supply voltage in the event of a failure of the chopper transistor (17), in particular by means of a rectifier (7) at the input.

Description

Protection circuit for brake resistor
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for controlling an electronic circuit arrangement having a dc voltage intermediate circuit which is connectable on the input side via a rectifier to an ac voltage source and which is arranged on the output side via a converter to at least one load, wherein at least two braking resistors which can be connected in parallel are present in the dc voltage intermediate circuit.
Background
This method is used for controlling electronic circuit arrangements in which an ac voltage from a power supply system is converted by an input-side rectifier into a rectified voltage in a dc voltage intermediate circuit, to which an electrical load, such as an electric machine in a machine, is connected in turn by an inverter or converter. The electric machine can be electronically controlled by a converter or an inverter and the speed can be adjusted accordingly, for example. The dc voltage intermediate circuit is usually dimensioned or designed in such a way that a plurality of electric machines or other electrical loads can be connected to it. In modern machines, the drive motor is designed in such a way that it can be operated both in a drive mode and in a generator mode, so that the electrical energy accumulated in this way can be fed back into the dc voltage intermediate circuit during braking without being converted directly into heat. Only if the fed-back energy is not available in the dc voltage intermediate circuit is a so-called braking resistor applied, which converts the excess electrical energy into heat. Such braking resistors are often also referred to as chopper resistors (chopper resistors).
Such an electronic circuit arrangement for controlling a drive motor is known from patent application DE 102006032476 a 1. The electronic circuit arrangement disclosed there is equipped with an improved control device based on the invention. These electronic circuit arrangements are concerned with the realization of a dc voltage intermediate circuit which, on the one hand, can absorb electrical energy with a combined resistance both when the electric machine is operated as a generator and, when the dc voltage intermediate circuit is switched on, limits the switching current to the permissible extent. The electronic circuit arrangement also provides the following advantages: electrical losses are minimized when the connected machine is operated as a motor. In order to ensure reliable braking operation, the electronic circuit arrangement has, in addition to an ohmic resistor for limiting the intermediate circuit voltage, a brake resistor which can be connected in parallel and which reduces the resistance during braking operation, so that a greater recuperation power can be converted into heat more quickly.
A converter with different monitoring functions, which ensure the operability of the converter in a wind power installation, is known from the utility model DE 202009018791U 1. Monitoring functions are provided, such as monitoring the actual rotational speed of the electric machine of the wind power installation, monitoring the overload of the output transistors of the converter, monitoring the grid phase fault of the grid supplying the converter, and monitoring the intermediate circuit voltage of the converter. In addition, the overload of the brake resistor is also monitored.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the invention, a method is proposed for controlling an electronic circuit arrangement having a dc voltage intermediate circuit which can be connected on the input side to an ac voltage source via a rectifier and which is provided on the output side to at least one electrical load via a converter, wherein at least two braking resistors which can be connected in parallel are present in the dc voltage intermediate circuit, wherein a current in the dc voltage intermediate circuit is detected by a detection unit and the operability of the braking resistors connected in parallel is checked by a control device as a function of the detected current in the dc voltage intermediate circuit, wherein the control device detects a collector emitter voltage at a chopper transistor associated with the braking resistors, and wherein the control device checks the value of the detected collector emitter voltage and the dc voltage intermediate circuit via the value of the detected collector emitter voltage The value of the current in the circuit can identify a fault of the chopper transistor, wherein, in the event of a fault of the chopper transistor, the current in the direct voltage intermediate circuit no longer changes independently of the actuation of the chopper transistor.
The object of the present invention is to provide a further method for controlling an electronic circuit arrangement having a dc voltage intermediate circuit, in which method the operating behavior of important electrical components in the dc voltage intermediate circuit is monitored.
This object is achieved according to the invention by the above-described solution. Advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the following description and the drawings.
The method according to the invention is characterized in that a detection unit is provided in the direct voltage intermediate circuit, which detection unit detects a return current in the direct voltage intermediate circuit. The detection unit may be, for example, a current measuring device that inductively detects a current. Based on the detected current in the dc voltage intermediate circuit, a control device can estimate the operating behavior of the brake resistors connected in parallel in the dc voltage intermediate circuit, which control device otherwise controls the electronic components in the circuit arrangement and additionally performs a monitoring function here. In particular, the method can be triggered by a control device of the electronic circuit arrangement at the start of the electronic circuit arrangement by at least temporarily actuating a brake resistor connected in parallel and an associated chopper transistor (chopper transistor) and evaluating the current flowing in the dc voltage intermediate circuit in the control device. Since the intermediate circuit voltage in the dc voltage intermediate circuit is known, the electronic circuit arrangement can calculate the actual resistance in the dc voltage intermediate circuit using the equation R ═ U/I for calculating the resistance.
Advantageously, the total resistance of the parallel-connected braking resistors is stored in the control device. After the control device has calculated the actual resistance from the value of the positive voltage drop across the parallel-connected braking resistors and the detected intermediate circuit current, the control device can now compare the actual braking resistance with the stored total resistance of all parallel-connected braking resistors. If an excessive deviation upwards or downwards occurs here, at least one of the parallel-connected braking resistors is considered to be faulty.
It is furthermore advantageously provided that the control device takes into account the maximum permissible tolerance when making the comparison. The tolerance is preferably selected such that it is smaller than the resistance change which occurs in the event of a failure of one of the parallel-connected braking resistors. The allowed tolerances are applied while ensuring that: the failed brake resistor is reliably but early detected when the positive voltage drop across the parallel-connected brake resistors increases or decreases significantly and/or when the detected intermediate circuit current increases or decreases.
It is furthermore advantageously provided that the control device detects the collector-emitter voltage at the chopper transistor. Said detection of the collector-emitter voltage on the chopping transistor is performed during dynamic operation in order to control the operating state of the chopping transistor. If, for example, a chopper transistor fails in a dynamic state due to a short circuit or a control failure thereof, such a failure can be reliably identified by the control device by the above-detected values of the collector-emitter voltage and the intermediate loop current. In this case, for example, a machine driven by the drive motor can be switched to a safe state by switching off the energy supply of the machine.
Advantageously, the supply voltage is switched off by means of a switch, in particular a rectifier on the input side, in the event of a fault of the chopper transistor. In this case, the dc voltage intermediate circuit is disconnected from the grid by switching off the rectifier, so that the machine is no longer supplied with current. Instead of switching off the input-side rectifier, an electromechanical or electromagnetic switch can also be provided, which serves to disconnect the dc voltage intermediate circuit from the power supply system. In this way, higher safety requirements for electrically operated machines are taken into account.
In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that, in the event of a failure of at least one parallel-connected braking resistor due to an interruption, an error message is displayed on the display device. In principle, in the case of ohmic resistance, a distinction must be made between the two types of faults. When an ohmic resistance breaks and thus exhibits an infinitely high resistance value, then the ohmic resistance may be defective. Another possibility is: the ohmic resistor is short-circuited and therefore practically no longer has a resistance value. In both cases, the resulting resistance values of the parallel-connected braking resistors change, so that both errors can be reliably recognized and distinguished from one another. In the event of such an interruption, it is provided according to the invention that the error message is displayed on a display device, such as a screen, of the machine. The operator of the machine is informed in this way: the brake resistor on the operator's machine is faulty. In addition or alternatively, the fault can also be transmitted via a remote maintenance system via the internet to a control computer at the machine manufacturer, so that service and maintenance notes are automatically generated there and at least the fault is registered.
In the event of a short circuit of at least one braking resistor, the fault can likewise be detected by the control device in conjunction with the detected collector-emitter voltage at the chopper transistor, and the control device can carry out the switching off of the supply voltage for safety reasons by means of a switch, in particular by means of the rectifier on the input side. Additionally or alternatively, it is also possible here to display on the screen of the machine: there is an error in the brake resistance. However, the short-circuited resistor is more dangerous, since all resistors arranged in parallel are short-circuited thereby and the braking resistor is therefore virtually no longer present. In this case, it is therefore preferable to stop the machine for safety reasons in addition to the display of the error message.
Drawings
The invention is explained and illustrated in detail below with reference to the figures. The figures show:
FIG. 1: an electronic circuit arrangement with a current measuring element in a direct voltage intermediate circuit is used to carry out the method according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The circuit arrangement in the figure is connected with its input side 19 to the three-phase power network 1. But in principle can also be connected to a two-phase alternating voltage network. By connecting to the three-phase network 1, it is ensured that: the circuit arrangement can also supply electrical energy to motors, for example, in printing presses, with power levels of 100kW and higher. The ac voltage of the three-phase network 1 is converted at the input side 19 into a pulsed dc voltage by means of a rectifier bridge 7 of the half-controlled or fully-controlled type. The rectifier bridge 7 is constructed unidirectionally in the figure, i.e. only energy can flow in the direction from the three-phase network 1 to the dc voltage intermediate circuit 22, but cannot be reversed. Otherwise, the rectifier bridge 7 must be implemented bidirectionally, which is associated with correspondingly higher costs. The rectified ac voltage is smoothed in the dc voltage intermediate circuit 22 by means of the smoothing inductor 8 and the smoothing capacitor 9. A grid thyristor (netzthristorsen) 20 conducts the charging current during the charging phase of the intermediate circuit capacitors 9, 12, 13. After the end of this process, the grid thyristor 20 is switched off. The chopper formed by diode 11 and chopper transistor 17 makes it possible to conduct a braking current through combined braking and starting resistor 4 when electric machine M connected on output side 18 is operated as a generator. The combined braking and starting resistor 4 can be connected to the three-phase network 1 via the network diode 20 in one switching state and to the braking transistor 17 in another switching state by means of the electric switch 6. When the dc voltage intermediate circuit 22 is switched on, the combined braking and starting resistor 4 is connected to the three-phase network 1 via the electric switch 6, so that an intermediate circuit voltage U is established in the dc voltage intermediate circuit 22Z. The grid diodes 20 are used to pass only the positive half-wave of the voltage of the three-phase grid 1. To accelerate the soft start, diodes 20 may also be provided on all phases L1, L2, L3 of the three-phase power network 1.
However, if a flow of energy from the output side 18 to the input side 19 is to be achieved while operating as a generator, the combined starting and braking resistor 4 is disconnected from the three-phase network 1 by means of the switch 6 and is used instead as a braking resistor.
Additionally, a further resistor 5 may be provided. In the figure, a capacitor bank with two intermediate circuit capacitors 12, 13 is also arranged in the intermediate circuit 22. On the output side 18, an inverter 14 is connected to the intermediate circuit capacitors 12, 13, said inverter inverting the dc voltage of the dc voltage intermediate circuit 22 for controlling the electrical load 15. The electrical load 15 can be, in particular, a smaller drive motor, for example, a drive motor of a printing press. By means of the inverter 14, the electrical power consumption can be varied, for example, in terms of rotational speed. The control of the electrical load 15 is effected by the electronic controller 3. In the figure, an intermediate circuit controller 2 is additionally present, which on the one hand controls chopper transistor 17 and on the other hand controls switch 6 of ohmic resistor 4. Additionally, the intermediate circuit controller 2 can monitor the combined braking and starting resistor 4 by means of the connections indicated by dashed lines and carry out a capacity analysis of the intermediate circuit capacitors 12, 13. Whereby the intermediate circuit controller 2 also has a control function. It is apparent from the drawing that, since the load current does not have to be conducted by the electronic semiconductor components in the case of operation as a motor, there are no additional electrical switches, which could cause electrical losses, in addition to the input rectifier 7 in the case of operation as a motor.
The current measuring element 16 in the dc voltage intermediate circuit 22 detects the returned negative intermediate circuit current I-DCL and is connected in communication with the evaluation and intermediate circuit controller 2. The evaluation and intermediate circuit controller 2 also detects the positive intermediate circuit voltage + DC at the ohmic resistors 4, 5, which can be connected in parallel. When the switch 6 is placed in such a position that the two resistances 4, 5 are connected in parallel, the analysis process and the intermediate loop controller 2 can calculate the true resistance of the two resistances 4, 5 from the detected negative intermediate loop current-I-DCL and the detected positive intermediate loop voltage + DC. The actual resistance thus calculated is then compared by the analysis process and the intermediate circuit controller 2 with the stored total resistance of the two resistances 4, 5. If the deviation between the stored total resistance and the calculated real resistance is too great, a fault exists and the evaluation and intermediate circuit controller 2 switches off the rectifier bridge 7 in order to disconnect the dc voltage intermediate circuit 22 from the power grid 1. Alternatively or additionally, the evaluation and intermediate circuit controller 2 outputs a corresponding error or warning notification on a display device 21 of the machine, not shown here. In this way, the operator of the machine is informed of the failure of one of the resistances 4, 5.
In addition, evaluation and intermediate circuit controller 2 also detects the collector emitter voltage at chopper transistor 17, so that the operating behavior of chopper transistor 17 can be checked during machine operation. When, for example, the chopper transistor 17 fails (durchlegerirt), it then represents a short circuit in terms of circuit technology and, independently of the actuation of the chopper transistor 17, the intermediate circuit current I-DCL no longer changes, since the chopper transistor 17 can no longer carry out a switching process in the event of a short circuit. In this case, the negative intermediate circuit current I-DCL cannot therefore be changed any longer by the evaluation and the intermediate circuit controller 2 even if the actuation is changed, so that in the reverse connection it can be concluded therefrom that the chopper transistor 17 is clearly defective. This fault is evaluated and displayed on the display device 21 by the intermediate circuit controller 2. In addition or alternatively, the dc voltage intermediate circuit 22 can also be disconnected from the three-phase power network 1 for safety reasons by means of the rectifier bridge 7, so that the machine with the electrical load 15 can be switched off more safely.
List of reference numerals
1 three-phase network
2 analysis process and intermediate loop controller
3 controller
4 combined braking and starting resistor
5 resistance
6 switch
7 rectifier bridge
8 smoothing inductor
9 Filter capacitor
10. 11 diode
12. 13 intermediate circuit capacitor
14 inverter
15 electric load
Current measuring element in 16 D.C. voltage intermediate circuit
17 chopper transistor
18 output side
19 input side
20 grid thyristor
21 display device
22 DC voltage intermediate circuit
L1, L2, L3 three-phase alternating current phase
+ DC mid-loop voltage
-DC negative intermediate circuit voltage
-I-DCL negative intermediate loop current
UZIntermediate circuit voltage

Claims (10)

1. A method for controlling an electronic circuit arrangement having a DC voltage intermediate circuit (22), which DC voltage intermediate circuit (22) can be connected on the input side by means of a rectifier (7) to an AC voltage source (1) and which DC voltage intermediate circuit (22) is arranged on the output side by means of a converter (14) to at least one electrical load (15), wherein at least two braking resistors (4, 5) that can be connected in parallel are present in the DC voltage intermediate circuit (22),
characterized in that a current (-I-DCL) in the DC voltage intermediate circuit (22) is detected by means of a detection unit (16) and the operating behavior of the parallel-connected braking resistors (4, 5) is checked by means of a control device (2) as a function of the detected current (-I-DCL) in the DC voltage intermediate circuit (22), wherein the control device (2) detects a collector emitter voltage at a chopper transistor (17) assigned to the braking resistors (4, 5), and wherein a malfunction of the chopper transistor (17) can be recognized by the control device (2) by means of the value of the detected collector emitter voltage and the value of the current (-I-DCL) in the DC voltage intermediate circuit (22), wherein, in the event of a malfunction of the chopper transistor (17), independently of the actuation of the chopper transistor (17), the current (-I-DCL) in the DC voltage intermediate circuit (22) no longer changes.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the braking resistors (4, 5) and the associated chopper transistors (17) are actuated at least temporarily by the control device (2) of the circuit arrangement when the electronic circuit arrangement is started up, and the current flowing at that time (-I-DCL) in the DC voltage intermediate circuit (22) is evaluated by the control device (2).
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the total resistance of the parallel-connected braking resistors (4, 5) is stored in the control device (2).
4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the control device (2) calculates a true resistance from the value of the positive voltage drop (+ DC) over the parallel-connected brake resistors (4, 5) and the detected intermediate loop current (-I-DCL) and compares the true resistance with the stored total resistance of all parallel-connected brake resistors (4, 5).
5. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that the control device (2) simultaneously takes into account a maximum reliable tolerance in the comparison.
6. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the supply voltage is switched off by means of a switch in the event of a failure of the chopping transistor (17).
7. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an error notification is displayed on the display device (21) when at least one of the parallel-connected resistors (4, 5) fails due to an interruption.
8. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that such a fault is detected by the control means (2) in combination with the detected collector-emitter voltage on the chopping transistor (17) when at least one braking resistor (4, 5) is short-circuited, and that the control means (2) effects the switching off of the supply voltage by means of a switch and/or effects an indication of an error on a display device (21).
9. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the switch is an input-side rectifier (7).
10. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that the switch is an input-side rectifier (7).
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EP3490128B1 (en) * 2017-11-28 2019-11-20 KEB Automation KG Electronic protection circuit
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EP3799295A1 (en) * 2019-09-30 2021-03-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Safety device for a load resistor
DE102021210433A1 (en) 2021-09-20 2023-03-23 Siemens Mobility GmbH Monitoring the functionality of electrical braking resistors in a vehicle

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