A kind of recovery metallic lead and method producing waterglass from useless lead bearing glass
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technology of useless lead bearing glass recycling in resource circulation utilization field, particularly a kind of
Metallic lead and the method producing waterglass is reclaimed from useless lead bearing glass.
Background technology
Useless lead bearing glass is mainly derived from the cathode ray tube scrapped in color television receiver and colored computer monitor
(CRT), the electronic glass such as fluorescent tube, as a example by typical case gives up CRT lead bearing glass, wherein contain about 22% left
Right lead oxide.Useless lead bearing glass belongs to hazardous waste, such as the lead dissolution in useless lead bearing glass and penetrate into soil
Serious heavy metal pollution can be caused after in subsoil water.On the other hand, a large amount of lead that useless lead bearing glass also contains
Resource is one of of paramount importance energy metal, is widely used in lead battery and manufactures field;Give up leaded glass simultaneously
Possibly together with substantial amounts of silicon, sodium and potassium in glass component, it also it is valuable inorganic mineral resource.Therefore, useless leaded glass
The recycling of glass is the major issue recycled concerning Heavy Metal Pollution Control and lead resource, is badly in need of out
Send out environmental protection treatment and application technology as the second resource efficient.
Summary of the invention
The present invention not to being for above-mentioned technical Analysis, it is provided that a kind of reclaim from useless lead bearing glass metallic lead and
The method producing waterglass, the method not only realized lead, silicon, sodium, potassium resource recycle but also solve useless containing
The heavy metal pollution problem of lead glass.
Technical scheme:
A kind of recovery metallic lead and method producing waterglass from useless lead bearing glass, step is as follows:
1) the reaction reduction of lead
By useless for granularity≤20 millimeter lead bearing glass, flux sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate, reducing agent carbon, catalyst sulfur
Change sodium, Potassium monosulfide. or vulcanized lead and add in smelting furnace, frit reaction 0.5 under the reducing atmosphere of 600-1450 DEG C
More than hour, the metallic lead that reaction generates sinks to slag bottom, discharges metallic lead liquid from furnace bottom under melt temperature
Body also reclaims separation metallic lead, and then discharge out of the furnace collection by slag;Described flux sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate, carbon
21-61%, 0.5-10% of the most useless lead bearing glass addition of the addition of reducing agent, catalyst vulcanization sodium,
The addition of Potassium monosulfide. or vulcanized lead is the 3-12wt% of useless lead bearing glass addition;
2) slag hydrolysis
The slag of above-mentioned collection is crushed to below 5 mm particle sizes, then it is added in reactor together with water
Being hydrolyzed, slag is 1:1.25-3 with the weight ratio of water, and hydrolysising condition is temperature 100-250 DEG C, pressure
0.3-5MPa, hydrolysis time 0.5-3 hour, separate and collect the hydrolyzed solution of acquisition respectively and dissolve slag;
3) hydrolyzed solution processes
In step 2) in the hydrolyzed solution collected adds sodium sulfide or Potassium monosulfide. so that lead in residual hydrolyzed solution
Components precipitate becomes the 0.5-10wt% that addition is hydrolyzed solution of vulcanized lead, Potassium monosulfide. or sodium sulfide, separates respectively
Collect vulcanized lead precipitation and rough waterglass;
4) dissolve slag to clean
By step 2) slag water cleans to the pH of cleanout fluid is 9-11 for dissolving of obtaining, then dissolving slag is taken off
Water, to moisture content less than 10%, the dissolving slag after being cleaned, reclaims the cleanout fluid containing waterglass and recycles,
Step 2 as the subsequent production cycle) hydrolysis water;
5) the slag molten process of acid is dissolved
Dissolving after above-mentioned cleaning adds the one or two in hydrochloric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, sulphuric acid and nitric acid in slag
The mixed liquor planting any of the above ratio dissolves, and the pH of solution is 1-5, dissolution time 0.5-8 hour,
Obtain acid dissolution slag after separation and collect the saline solution of sour molten generation;
6) acid dissolution slag is cleaned and is neutralized
With water cleaning step 5) in produce acid dissolution slag, be subsequently adding sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide aqueous solution with
Neutralizing the residual acid in acid dissolution slag, the pH to cleanout fluid is 6-7, collects cleanout fluid, after cleaning neutralization
Acid dissolution slag is dehydrated to moisture content less than 10%;
7) acid dissolution slag re-dissolved
By step 6) the rough sodium silicate dissolving of acid dissolution slag that produces, the mass ratio of acid dissolution slag and rough waterglass
For 1:1.5-5, dissolution conditions is temperature 5-175 DEG C, pressure 0-1.5MPa, dissolution time 0.5-8 hour,
The rough waterglass of final stage and tailings is obtained after separation;
8) final stage rough waterglass refinement treatment
To step 7) the rough waterglass of final stage that produces carries out chemical analysis, waterglass as rough in final stage contains
Lead composition, then add sodium sulfide or Potassium monosulfide. so that the lead components precipitate in rough waterglass is that vulcanized lead is carried out back
Receiving, sodium sulfide is 0.28-0.47:1 with the mass ratio of lead tolerance in rough waterglass, Potassium monosulfide. and rough water glass
In glass, the mass ratio of lead tolerance is 0.40-0.66:1;As become containing excessive sulfur in the rough waterglass of final stage
Timesharing, then add lead silicate powder desulfurization, and lead silicate with the mass ratio of sulfur content in rough waterglass is
6.64-11.06:1;
9) tailings processes
In step 7) tailings that obtains adds water it is carried out, tailings is 1:1-3 with the volume ratio of water, clearly
Washing number of times is 1-3 time, separates and collects the cleanout fluid containing waterglass, as subsequent manufacturing steps 2) in slag
Hydrolysis water or carry out cascade utilization, the tailings after cleaning and dewatering returns to step 5) again carry out sour molten process.
The technological process of the present invention:
The vulcanized lead, flux, reducing agent and the catalyst that useless lead bearing glass, processing procedure are reclaimed are according to a certain ratio
Inserting high temperature reaction stove, after chemical reaction restores metallic lead, produces slag simultaneously.Slag is hydrolyzed,
Obtain hydrolyzed solution after separation and dissolve slag.In hydrolyzed solution, add precipitant, be settled out vulcanized lead, and obtain thick
Controlling the water circulation glass.Clean with water and dissolve slag, collect and clean the alkaline waste water containing waterglass produced, for next
The dissolving of individual production cycle slag.Dissolving slag after cleaning adds acid flux material carry out dissolution process and carry out
Clean and neutralize, separate and recover saline solution, it is thus achieved that acid dissolution slag.The acid after cleaning is again dissolved with rough waterglass
Molten slag, separates and recovers out the rough waterglass of final stage, and produces tailings.Precipitation is added in the rough waterglass of final stage
Agent, desulfurizing agent carry out refinement treatment, make Purified Water glass, and reclaim the vulcanized lead being settled out.Tailings is entered
Row cleans, and collects the alkaline waste water containing waterglass, and for the dissolving of next production cycle slag, tailings returns
Return and the most again carry out sour molten process with other dissolving slags.The vulcanized lead that in subtractive process, precipitate and separate goes out returns to be thrown
Material end, participates in reduction reaction again.So far, complete and from useless lead bearing glass, reclaim metallic lead and produce water glass
The process of glass.
The invention have the advantage that the method can reclaim metallic lead from useless lead bearing glass and produce waterglass, technique
Simply, easy to implement, there is the feature without solid waste discharge, both realized lead, silicon, sodium, potassium resource circulation profit
With the heavy metal pollution problem solving again useless lead bearing glass, it is possible to achieve the full component profit of lead bearing glass garbage
With, remarkable in economical benefits.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
A kind of recovery metallic lead and method producing waterglass from useless lead bearing glass, step is as follows:
1) the reaction reduction of lead
By useless for granularity≤10 millimeter lead bearing glass 1000 kilograms, return 50 kilograms of vulcanized lead, sodium carbonate 354
Kilogram, in 80 kilograms of addition smelting furnaces of industrial sodium sulfide of coke blacking 35 kilograms and 60wt% content, at 1050 DEG C
Reducing atmosphere under frit reaction 2.5 hours, the metallic lead that reaction generates sinks to slag bottom, in melt temperature
Under discharge metallic lead liquid reclaim separation metallic lead from furnace bottom, then discharge out of the furnace collection by slag;
2) slag hydrolysis
The slag of above-mentioned collection is crushed to below 5 mm particle sizes, then it is added in reactor together with water
Being hydrolyzed, slag is 1:2 with the weight ratio of water, and hydrolysising condition is temperature 185 DEG C, pressure 1.5MPa,
Hydrolysis time 1.5 hours, separates and collects the hydrolyzed solution of acquisition respectively and dissolve slag;
3) hydrolyzed solution processes
In step 2) in the hydrolyzed solution collected adds sodium sulfide saturated solution so that lead in residual hydrolyzed solution
Components precipitate becomes vulcanized lead, the addition of sodium sulfide saturated solution to be the 5wt% of hydrolyzed solution, and sodium sulfide is saturated molten
Liquid takes the method for dropping to be down to less than 0.5% to the lead content in hydrolyzed solution, separates and collects vulcanized lead respectively and sink
Form sediment and rough waterglass;
4) dissolve slag to clean
By step 2) slag water cleans to the pH of cleanout fluid is 10-11 for dissolving of obtaining, then dissolving slag is taken off
Water, to moisture content less than 5%, the dissolving slag after being cleaned, reclaims the cleanout fluid containing waterglass and recycles,
Step 2 as the subsequent production cycle) hydrolysis water;
5) the slag molten process of acid is dissolved
Adding 10wt%d hydrochloric acid solution in dissolving slag after above-mentioned cleaning, the pH of solution is 4-5, during dissolving
Between 4 hours, obtain acid dissolution slag after separation and collect the saline solution of sour molten generation
6) acid dissolution slag is cleaned and is neutralized
With water cleaning step 5) the middle acid dissolution slag produced, it is subsequently adding the sodium hydroxide solution of 20wt% to neutralize
Residual acid in acid dissolution slag, the pH to cleanout fluid is 6-7, collects cleanout fluid, and by cleaning, the acid after neutralizing is molten
Slag is dehydrated to moisture content less than 5%;
7) acid dissolution slag re-dissolved
By step 6) the rough sodium silicate dissolving of acid dissolution slag that produces, the mass ratio of acid dissolution slag and rough waterglass
For 1:2, dissolution conditions is temperature 85 DEG C, normal pressure, dissolution time 2 hours, obtains the rough water of final stage after separation
Glass and tailings;
8) final stage rough waterglass refinement treatment
To step 7) the rough waterglass of final stage that produces carries out chemical analysis, containing lead in the rough waterglass of final stage
Composition, dropping sodium sulfide saturated solution, so that lead components precipitate is vulcanized lead reclaims, drops in waterglass
Lead content reach below 1.0mg/L, the moisture in evaporation waterglass makes waterglass density to 1.35 tons/cubic meter;
9) tailings processes
In step 7) tailings that obtains adds water it is carried out, tailings is 1:2 with the volume ratio of water, cleans
Number of times is 3 times, separates and collects the cleanout fluid containing waterglass, as subsequent manufacturing steps 2) in the water of slag
Xie Shui or carry out cascade utilization, the tailings after cleaning and dewatering returns to step 5) again carry out sour molten process.
Detection display: feed intake according to the present embodiment, often processes 1000 kilograms of useless CRT containing lead oxide 22%
Lead bearing glass, can reclaim metallic lead 195 kilograms, modulus 2.2,1.35 tons/cubic meter of density with sodium silicate
It is 1500 kilograms main of sodium potassium Compound Water glass.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of recovery metallic lead and method producing waterglass from useless lead bearing glass, step is as follows:
1) the reaction reduction of lead
By useless for granularity≤10 millimeter lead bearing glass 1000 kilograms, potassium carbonate 461.5 kilograms, coke blacking 35 public affairs
In jin and 67.8 kilograms of addition smelting furnaces of Potassium monosulfide., frit reaction 2.5 hours under the reducing atmosphere of 1050 DEG C,
The metallic lead that reaction generates sinks to slag bottom, discharges metallic lead liquid recovery point from furnace bottom under melt temperature
From metallic lead, then discharge out of the furnace collection by slag;
2) slag hydrolysis
The slag of above-mentioned collection is crushed to below 5 mm particle sizes, then it is added in reactor together with water
Being hydrolyzed, slag is 1:2 with the weight ratio of water, and hydrolysising condition is temperature 167 DEG C, pressure 0.75MPa,
Hydrolysis time 2 hours, separates and collects the hydrolyzed solution of acquisition respectively and dissolve slag;
3) hydrolyzed solution processes
In step 2) in the hydrolyzed solution collected adds Potassium monosulfide. saturated solution so that lead in residual hydrolyzed solution
Components precipitate becomes vulcanized lead, the addition of Potassium monosulfide. saturated solution to be the 6wt% of hydrolyzed solution, and sodium sulfide is saturated molten
Liquid takes the method for dropping to be down to less than 0.5% to the lead content in hydrolyzed solution, separates and collects vulcanized lead respectively and sink
Form sediment and rough waterglass;
4) dissolve slag to clean
By step 2) slag water cleans to the pH of cleanout fluid is 10-11 for dissolving of obtaining, then dissolving slag is taken off
Water, to moisture content less than 5%, the dissolving slag after being cleaned, reclaims the cleanout fluid containing waterglass and recycles,
Step 2 as the subsequent production cycle) hydrolysis water;
5) the slag molten process of acid is dissolved
Adding 10wt%d hydrochloric acid solution in dissolving slag after above-mentioned cleaning, the pH of solution is 3-4, during dissolving
Between 4 hours, obtain acid dissolution slag after separation and collect the saline solution of sour molten generation
6) acid dissolution slag is cleaned and is neutralized
With water cleaning step 5) the middle acid dissolution slag produced, it is subsequently adding the potassium hydroxide solution of 20wt% to neutralize
Residual acid in acid dissolution slag, the pH to cleanout fluid is 6-7, collects cleanout fluid, and by cleaning, the acid after neutralizing is molten
Slag is dehydrated to moisture content less than 8%;
7) acid dissolution slag re-dissolved
By step 6) the rough sodium silicate dissolving of acid dissolution slag that produces, the mass ratio of acid dissolution slag and rough waterglass
For 1:2, dissolution conditions is temperature 85 DEG C, normal pressure, dissolution time 2 hours, obtains the rough water of final stage after separation
Glass and tailings;
8) final stage rough waterglass refinement treatment
To step 7) the rough waterglass of final stage that produces carries out chemical analysis, containing lead in the rough waterglass of final stage
Composition, dropping Potassium monosulfide. saturated solution, so that lead components precipitate is vulcanized lead reclaims, drops in waterglass
Lead content reach below 1.0mg/L, the moisture in evaporation waterglass makes waterglass density to 1.35 tons/cubic meter;
9) tailings processes
In step 7) tailings that obtains adds water it is carried out, tailings is 1:3 with the volume ratio of water, cleans
Number of times is 3 times, separates and collects the cleanout fluid containing waterglass, as subsequent manufacturing steps 2) in the water of slag
Xie Shui or carry out cascade utilization, the tailings after cleaning and dewatering returns to step 5) again carry out sour molten process.
Detection display: feed intake according to the present embodiment, often processes 1000 kilograms of useless CRT containing lead oxide 22%
Lead bearing glass, can reclaim metallic lead 195 kilograms, modulus 2.2,1.35 tons/cubic meter of density with potassium silicate
It is 1600 kilograms main of potassium sodium Compound Water glass.