CN1061649A

CN1061649A - Frameless rolling bearing

Info

Publication number: CN1061649A
Application number: CN91108051A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赖登桂
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1991-10-27
Filing date: 1991-10-27
Publication date: 1992-06-03
Anticipated expiration: 2006-10-27
Also published as: CN1030857C

Abstract

The full rolling bearing of no frame is a kind of of rolling bearing.It does not have retainer, has eliminated to cause sliding friction and the frayed unfavorable factor of rolling element, thereby has kept closely cooperating of rolling element and inside and outside raceway, keeps rolling characteristics.So just improved the mechanical efficiency of machine, energy saving.It is vibration and noise not, can prolong mechanism and the spreadable life of self again.The complete the most outstanding advantage of rolling of no frame is " product " font structure between the rolling element, makes each rolling element direction one inside and outside raceway of making peace realize full rolling." product " font structure can be born six rolling elements of load decomposition that a rolling element bears again.So it is applicable at a high speed, powerful mechanical transmission.

Description

Frameless rolling bearing

Existing rolling bearing except that needle bearing, all is a retainer generally.The effect of retainer is the interval location that keeps between the rolling element, avoids rolling element to contact with rolling element and collides.Rolling element and rolling element be not when contacting, and their sense of rotation separately are consistent.In a single day rolling element contacts with rolling element, their moving direction on contact point antithesis therefore impact takes place.So all adopt retainer with rolling bearing now.But retainer will push away by rolling element and rotate, and rolling element is in rotation, just produces sliding friction in contacting of rolling element and retainer promotes.Though this sliding friction is not very serious, the number of revolutions of bearing is too many, big frequency, and the speed of autorotation of rolling element is very high again, and the sliding friction of generation takes care of the pence, and runs to after the regular hour, and retainer and rolling element all have been worn.Retainer is worn a bit, and relation is little, and rolling element by abrasion a bit just makes rolling element can not closely contact with inside and outside raceway.Can not closely contact, just can not carry out rolling, can not roll just becomes slip.This sliding friction is very severe once producing, because be the slip that is subjected to radial pressure.After this just very fast increase of sliding friction, wearing and tearing are also more and more severe, to form vicious circle.Like this, the performance of bearing is become by rolling soon and has slided.Rolling bearing has also become sliding bearing.

When new bearing used at first, contacting of rolling element and inside and outside raceway was rolling friction, has only between retainer and the rolling element to produce sliding friction.This is a retainer with regard to the cause that the rolling bearing sliding friction is described.Rolling element by abrasion to rise therefore also be retainer.Were it not for the sliding friction between this retainer and the rolling element, just there is not this abrasion yet, the rolling characteristics one of rolling bearing keeps the more much longer time surely, because the serious reason of rolling abrasion is after rolling element is held the frame abrasion, improve the rolling characteristics of rolling element, improve the quality of rolling bearing, at first must eliminate, cause the generation sliding friction at first, make the factor of rolling element abrasion, eliminate factor, will the write off retainer.

Existing a kind of taper roller bearing, to the eye, it can solve the abrasion problem of rolling element, rolling element by abrasion a bit, it can be locked the outer ring.But because the awl roller is taper, if overlap tightly or just the time, by producing at a high speed that powerful inertial force is easy to that anti-rolling element is urged to than it self little place and crushed or stuck; If the cover pine, gravity must forward lower to, and promptly that end that rolling element is big and raceway wall produce very big surface friction drag.So taper roller bearing still can not be dealt with problems, can not improve the quality of rolling bearing.

Also have a kind of needle bearing, it can not bear axial load, can only use under low-speed conditions.Needle bearing does not have retainer yet, but it does not solve problems such as contacting the generation sliding friction between the rolling element, in sum, keep the rolling characteristics of bearing, must the cancellation retainer.But after the cancellation retainer, how to keep the span between the rolling element not produce sliding friction, problem that the author researched and solved that Here it is.

The full rolling bearing of no frame roller is a kind of novel of rolling bearing.Its major character is no retainer, can keep the interval location between the rolling element again, can not produce sliding friction, realizes rolling entirely.The load of bearing has radial and axial, and no frame roller rolling bearing structure also has two kinds of radial loads and axial load bearing.

1, the structure of the full rolling bearing of heavy no frame roller.

The full rolling bearing of heavy no frame roller is by inner ring, and outer ring and straight Cylinder roller constitute.Contact with each other rolling with Pin Zixing between the roller.See Fig. 1, raceway and outer raceway are spill in it.The rolling element that contacts with inside and outside raceway is straight Cylinder, and in the discord Internal and external cycle contact of centre, only the rolling element that contacts with straight Cylinder roller is II shape, and promptly the circle that adds at cylindrical two ends is lived the big circular lid of body diameter, it can be rolled into outward go.Between two straight cylinder rollers that contact with inside and outside raceway is gapped, discontiguous.Like this, according to the sense of rotation of bearing, rolling element and rolling element just one of energy are pushing away comprehensive a rolling of ground implementation.

2, the full rolling bearing of heavy no frame roller, the designing and calculating of roller size.

The internal diameter of bearing, external diameter and axial width are must be according to the specifications design of the machine that uses it.Guaranteeing that its inside and outside circle has under the prerequisite of adequate thickness, increasing the radial distance between its inside and outside raceway as far as possible,, and also will leave the gap between the roller because in this segment distance, will lay out two rollers.Straight garden post roller and II shape roller can be designed to onesize right circular cylinder.The size of roller is to determine according to the radial distance of raceway inside and outside it.The radial distance of supposing its inside and outside raceway is E, and then the diameter of an one roller must be less than E/2 as Fig. 2.If roller diameter is d, d ∠ E/2 then, establishing its roller crack is b, then b ∠ d(is as the figure worker).Make E=10e, d=4e, interior raceway radius of a circle is oA=a, in Rt △ OBO,

In right angle △ OBO, known OA=a, AB=5e,

OB = a + 5 eBO = \sqrt{7} e

, try to achieve ∠ α=2 α ° (360 °)/(2 α °)=SZ(wherein S be in the numerical value of being obtained, Z for the group number unit) a Z=3 roller.Total number of roller is 3S like this, and wherein 2/3 is cylindrical roller, and 1/3 is II shape roller, if S is not an integer, then according to the size of its remainder, makes the size of afterbody roller.

3, in order to reduce the rolling surface of contact of whole bearing, can enlarge II shape roller diameter, but protruding place, II shape roller outer diameter must be less than the radial distance of inside and outside raceway high spot as far as possible.

If the inner diameter of II shape roller is 2t, inside and outside raceway and II shape roller height of projection are j, and the radial distance of inside and outside raceway is 10e, and then (Fig. 3) 2t ∠ 10ej can go out to ask its 2t numerical value like this.Figure three is at right angle △ O ₁BO ₃In, known O ₁B=3e, O ₁O ₃

In right angle △ 0BO, known O ₁B=a+5e,

{BO}_{3} = \sqrt{4 t + 8 te - 5 e}

Obtain α=α °, calculate the number of rolling element and the size of last group rolling element with said method then.

4, the superiority and the feasibility of the full rolling bearing of no frame roller.

The feature of the full rolling bearing of no frame roller is no frame and full the rolling.

No retainer has just been eliminated the factor that produces sliding friction, the factor of eliminate roller abrasion just, the close fit that just can keep rolling element and raceway, the rolling characteristics that keeps bearing, thereby improved the quality of bearing, again because it is full rolling, in the course of the work, the very little consumed energy of frictional force is also few, thereby has just improved the mechanical efficiency of machine.Because do not have the roller of frame bearing and raceway just combine closely not vibration and noise yet, thereby can prolong mechanism and the working life of himself yet.Because it is full rolling, so, the machine that can apply to run up.

From the structure of no frame roller bearing, the number of roller is many, and the space is few.More outstanding is, and its roller all is a delta structure, and the heavy burden of a roller is decomposed and born by six rollers, so it can bear extra heavy load, is applicable to used bearing on bearing used on truck and the train and the high-power heavy machinery.

In sum, improve mechanical efficiency, joint paper can be former, prolong mechanism spreadable life, bear heavy load, anti-high speed, these advantages such as friction noise all are that the development mechanical industry is required.This has just illustrated that the full rolling bearing of no frame roller is feasible, and this Production of bearing is come out,

From the making aspect, roller bearing has made that it is enough, does not have what process engineering problem indeterminable.The Bearing Factory of every production roller bearing can both make.The element of no frame roller bearing and roller bearing, basic identical, manufacture method is also identical.Their difference is exactly the discord inside and outside raceway contact in the Frameless rolling bearing, plays the II shape roller of interval action.This II shape roller also is not difficult to make in machine works.What time see that from above the full rolling bearing amount of this no frame roller is practicable.

5, roller is made

Roller is all made hollow, and is not flexible and broken, also can save material.Hollow position can be fillings such as plastics with other materials.

The structure of the axial full rolling bearing of no frame.According to (one) rolling element structural principle and medium size bearing load character, the rolling element structure rolling element of the design medium size bearing of bearing is divided into three kinds: (Fig. 4) 1, claim small roller less than inside and outside rolling track and radial apart from half right circular cylinder roller.(2) greater than small roller, and less than middle roller (3) diameter and the equidistant large roller of inside and outside rolling track and radial in the middle of the raceway of inside and outside raceway high spot distance.What the large roller both sides joined is middle roller, and middle roller is connected with large roller on one side, and another side and two small rollers are tangent.A pair of small roller both sides are all tangent with middle roller.Medium-sized roller is an II shape, and large roller and small roller are right circular cylinders.(4) in a pair of small roller, contact with interior raceway be called little in roller, what contact with outer raceway is little outer roller.Little outer roller is greater than roller in little, and the center of circle of a pair of roller is on the line segment of the radius of inner ring circumference.A pair of small roller all must be tangent with the both sides of circle central angle.

2, axialmode does not have the full rolling bearing performance of frame.

Axialmode does not have the full rolling bearing of frame, is applicable to from the axially big load machine of speed, and be characterized in the rolling characteristics height, no impact shock rotates zero deflection.If with the supporting mounter of tooth wheel, that is flawless especially.

The tooth-like rolling bearing of no frame is without retainer, keeps the rolling bearing of the interval location of its rolling element with tooth type structures.

The tooth roller bearing is the roller belts tooth, the band tooth partly accounts for 1/3rd middle parts at the garden cylinder of its rolling surface, its tooth roller of Fig. 4 divides two classes: a kind of is the equidistant recessed tooth roller of diameter and inside and outside rolling track and radial, a kind of is to be with double wedge, its diameter is less than the protruding roller of inside and outside rolling track and radial distance, adopt triangular tooth, double wedge is high in the notch tooth height, and the tooth limit arc length of its two roller must equate.Bigger like this be with recessed tooth roller and inside and outside raceway touch scrolling turn round, and promote less protruding roller with the form of rolling again in operation process, and protruding roller does not contact with inside and outside raceway.Only contact with large roller.(see figure 5)

This bearing be suitable for external diameter less in light-duty, the mechanism of radial-axial load, its advantage also is not produce sliding friction, its rake tooth limit is the contact of having only sags and crests that can not contact, so it also is full rolling bearing.

Claims

1, the full rolling bearing of no frame belongs to the rolling bearing in the machinery.Existing rolling bearing generally all has retainer, and what do not have retainer can only be applicable to the machinery that slowly runs as needle bearing etc.It does not solve rolling element and rolling element yet produces when colliding and impacts problems such as vibration and rolling element fragmentation.

Feature of the present invention is " product " font structure between rolling element and the rolling element, has both kept the rotating direction unanimity between rolling element and inside and outside raceway and the rolling element, works to do to decompose strength again.Claimed technical characteristics is exactly rolling element " product " font structure.Promptly on the radial distance of inside and outside raceway, put two straight Cylinder rollers, adorn the rollers that play interval action and impetus of an II shape in the middle of two pairs of straight garden post rollers, the straight cylinder roller diameter that contacts with inside and outside raceway is less than half of inside and outside rolling track and radial distance; The roller that contacts with inside and outside raceway is not greater than the intermediate space of two straight cylinder rollers radially.

2, the structural design of axialmode straight cylinder roller bearing, promptly rolling element is divided into three kinds, and a kind of large roller contacts with inside and outside raceway; The contact of middle roller discord raceway only contacts with rolling element, and small roller does not contact with small roller, contacts with middle roller with inside and outside raceway respectively.

3, tooth roller rolling bearing design, i.e. band rake tooth in the middle of the rolling element contacts with inside and outside raceway with the large roller of recessed tooth, is with the roller of double wedge to contact with large roller, does not contact with inside and outside raceway.