CN106154356A - The online fault detection system of automatic weather station and detection method - Google Patents
The online fault detection system of automatic weather station and detection method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The online fault detection system of automatic weather station, including automatic weather station, Sensor Measurement Unit, point harvester measuring unit, main harvester measuring unit, external equipment measuring unit and main control unit；Automatic weather station includes that meteorological element sensor, meteorological element divide harvester, main harvester, signal lighting protection plate, baroceptor, electric power system, communication system and host computer；Described Sensor Measurement Unit, divide harvester measuring unit, main harvester measuring unit, external equipment is measured and host computer is connected with main control unit respectively, the input of described Sensor Measurement Unit is connected with the outfan of meteorological element sensor, the input of described point harvester measuring unit divides the outfan of harvester or matched meteorological element sensor to be connected with meteorological element, the input of described main harvester measuring unit respectively with main harvester, signal lighting protection plate, the outfan of baroceptor connects, the input of described external equipment measuring unit outfan with electric power system and communication system respectively is connected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the online fault detection system in fault detection system field, specially automatic weather station and detection side
Method.
Background technology
In recent years, due to extensive to the demand of meteorological element information, the automatic weather station quantity that the whole nation is built increases rapidly.
At present, meteorological department of China has the most tentatively built up the 2424 national ground automatic Observation station nets of set and by more than 50,000 set Small and Medium Sized
The region automatic meteorological observing station net of the substantial amounts that automatic weather station is constituted.These meteorological measurings are to national economy, gas
Waiting change and people's lives important role, therefore the maintenance to automatic weather station has the strongest ageing requirement.The fastest
Speed, all kinds of faults that investigation automatic weather station in use occurs in time, carry out huge observation system safeguard work,
The always a great problem of the meteorological administration section of puzzlement.At present, there is techniques below difficulty in the automatic weather station safeguard work of China
Topic:
(1) automatic weather station is the most complicated, and the intelligence degree of some novel sensors is higher, works maintenance support
Propose requirements at the higher level.Meanwhile, the fault of automatic weather station occurs the position may be at sensor, point harvester, main harvester, anti-
Thunder signal plate, power, communicate and any one place or a few place such as business software, cause maintainer to be difficult to rapid failure judgement position
Put.
(2) automatic weather station does not has online fault detection capability, once breaks down, it is necessary to by maintainer, parent goes to scene
Carry out malfunction elimination.If the station maintenance business personnel be still difficult to judge abort situation in time, then need equipment center or instrument producer
Send professional that abort situation is confirmed.This process needs the plenty of time, will result in irreversible observation data
Deficient phenomena.
(3) at present meteorological department have employed that to monitor automatic weather station based on equipment overall operation condition adjudgement mode normal
Whether.But because departing from the acquisition of ingredient running status each to equipment and monitoring, there is significant limitation, only in which
Whether equipment tentatively can be judged in normal work, it is impossible to the true running status of alignment system critical piece, entirely without
Method judges that the fault of equipment occurs position.
In a word, automatic weather station the most still cannot realize the quick diagnosis of fault, there is fault correction time length, system can
By the low problem of property, and not for product and the method for On-line Fault Detection.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of online fault detect of automatic weather station
System and detection method, its simple in construction, arrange conveniently, ageing by force, fault location is accurate, will be greatly enhanced automatic meteorological
The equipment Safeguard ability stood.
The technical scheme that the present invention proposes is as follows: the online fault detection system of automatic weather station, including automatic weather station, biography
Sensor measuring unit, point harvester measuring unit, main harvester measuring unit, external equipment measuring unit and main control unit；From
Dynamic weather station includes that meteorological element sensor, meteorological element divide harvester, main harvester, signal lighting protection plate, baroceptor, confession
Electricity system, communication system and host computer；Described Sensor Measurement Unit, point harvester measuring unit, main harvester are measured single
Unit, external equipment measurement and host computer are connected with main control unit respectively, and the input of described Sensor Measurement Unit is with meteorological
The outfan of essential sensor connects, and the input of described point harvester measuring unit and meteorological element divide harvester or therewith
The outfan of supporting meteorological element sensor connects, the input of described main harvester measuring unit respectively with main collection
Device, signal lighting protection plate, baroceptor outfan connect, the input of described external equipment measuring unit respectively with power supply
The outfan of system and communication system connects.
As the improvement of scheme one, described main control unit is mainly deposited by data acquisition module, data processing module, data
Storage module, parameter adjustment module, data disaply moudle become with data communication module set.
As the improvement of scheme one, described meteorological element sensor includes that temperature sensor, humidity sensor, wind direction pass
Sensor, air velocity transducer, precipitation sensor, evaporation gauge, visibility sensor, ground temperature sensor, baroceptor, can see
Degree sensor, cloud level sensor, weather phenomenon sensor, radiation sensor, sunshine recorder；Meteorological element sensor can be direct
It is connected with Sensor Measurement Unit, or is connected with a point harvester measuring unit after dividing harvester by meteorological element.
As the improvement of scheme three, described Sensor Measurement Unit is mainly passed by rain sensor measurement module, wind direction
Sensor measurement module, air velocity transducer measurement module, evaporation gauge measurement module and intelligence sensor measurement module composition, right
The corresponding output signal of meteorological element sensor measures.
As the improvement of scheme four, described intelligence sensor measurement module is mainly surveyed by visibility measurement module, the cloud level
Amount module, weather phenomenon measurement module, measurement module at sunshine and cloud amount measurement module composition.
As the improvement of scheme one to five any one, a described point harvester measuring unit is mainly divided collection by humiture
Device measurement module, ground temperature divide harvester measurement module, radiation point harvester measurement module composition, meteorological element is divided harvester or
The output signal of matched meteorological element sensor measures.
As the improvement of scheme six, the method using wired data transfer between described detecting system each unit.
As the improvement of scheme six, the method using wireless data transmission between described detecting system each unit.
Detection method based on the online fault detection system of automatic weather station, detection method step is as follows:
1) output signal of meteorological element sensor 1 to meteorological element sensor n is measured by Sensor Measurement Unit
Drawing data A1 to An, data A1 to An is transferred to main control unit by Sensor Measurement Unit；
2) divide harvester measuring unit that meteorological element is divided harvester 1 to meteorological element divide harvester n or matched
The output signal of meteorological element sensor measures and draws data B1 to Bn, and data B1 to Bn is passed by point harvester measuring unit
It is passed to main control unit；
3) output signal of main harvester, signal lighting protection plate and baroceptor is measured by main harvester measuring unit
Show that data C1 to C3 is transferred to main control unit by data C1 to C3, main harvester measuring unit；
4) external equipment measuring unit the output signal of electric power system and communication system is measured draw data D1 and
D2, data D1 and D2 are transferred to main control unit by external equipment measuring unit；
5) main control unit receives, by data acquisition module, data that step 1 to step 4 draws and passes through data respectively
It is processed by processing module, draws abnormal data set by the breakdown judge algorithm preset in data processing module
E1-En, described breakdown judge algorithm is threshold determination or logic decision, such as: if the normal output signal model of humidity sensor
Enclosing the d. c. voltage signal that should be 0-1v, the 0-100% of corresponding relative humidity, if the magnitude of voltage measured the most throughout is more than 0-
1v, then be considered as mistake；Meanwhile, if the relative humidity output voltage values that somewhere records is 0-0.05v, then it is corresponding the wettest
Angle value is 0-5%, but what this rh value was extremely difficult to reach under most natural conditions, therefore measure the survey of point at this
Value can be considered doubtful mistake, should put whether fault is entered in conjunction with remaining measured value everywhere and breakdown judge algorithm to measuring at this
Row comprehensive descision, to draw reliable conclusion.During fault verification, visual concrete condition, to threshold determination numerical value everywhere
It is configured in the parameter adjustment module of main control unit with logic decision method.
6) E1-En corresponding A 1 to the An that drawn by step 5, B1 to Bn, each data of C1 to C3, D1 and D2 make a mistake
The 1-n data, i.e. may utilize breakdown judge algorithm and carries out synthetic determination, draws concrete abort situation R1-Rn, R1-Rn pair
Answer in A1 to An, B1 to Bn, C1 to C3, D1 and D2 it may happen that fault respectively measure position.As: at E1 correspondence C1, measured value is wrong
By mistake, and now measured value at A1, C2 is normal, now can determine whether to give vent to anger as essential sensor 1, signal lighting protection plate are normal
, then can determine that out that automatic weather station occurs position to should be main harvester, now the information in abort situation R1 is main collection
Device；
7) abnormal data E1-En step 5 drawn and result of determination R1-Rn, be transferred to data disaply moudle, energy
Concrete abort situation and relevant information is had a clear understanding of by user by alternating interface between man and computer；
8) abnormal data E1-En step 5 drawn and result of determination R1-Rn, be transferred to data communication module, energy
By wired or wireless transmission means, fault message is carried out long-distance transmissions.
The method have the advantages that
1. be not required in the case of maintainer parent goes to fault in-situ, can realize automatic meteorological station failure on-line checking and
Diagnosis, thus it is time-consuming greatly to shorten malfunction elimination, promotes automaticity.
2. outside the legacy data transmission channel of equipment, owing to automatic weather station signal everywhere is all carried out by the present invention
Detection, therefore can be as an auxiliary data transmission passage.
The most once relevant components section failure of the former data channel of equipment, before fault is not yet got rid of, can be auxiliary by this
Help data channel to skip the module broken down, continued data transmission work, thus reduced lacking of observational data further
Mistake rate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the connection block diagram of the detecting system of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with concrete drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
As it is shown in figure 1, the online fault detection system of automatic weather station, including automatic weather station, Sensor Measurement Unit, divide
Harvester measuring unit, main harvester measuring unit, external equipment measuring unit and main control unit；Automatic weather station includes meteorology
Essential sensor, meteorological element divide harvester, main harvester, signal lighting protection plate, baroceptor, electric power system, communication system
And host computer；Sensor Measurement Unit, point harvester measuring unit, main harvester measuring unit, external equipment are measured and upper
Machine is connected with main control unit respectively, and the input of Sensor Measurement Unit is connected with the outfan of meteorological element sensor, divides and adopts
The input of storage measuring unit divides the outfan of harvester or matched meteorological element sensor to be connected with meteorological element,
The input of main harvester measuring unit is connected with main harvester, signal lighting protection plate, the outfan of baroceptor respectively, outside
The input of device measuring unit outfan with electric power system and communication system respectively is connected.
Main control unit is mainly by data acquisition module, data processing module, data memory module, parameter adjustment module, number
Become with data communication module set according to display module.
Meteorological element sensor includes that temperature sensor, humidity sensor, wind transducer, air velocity transducer, precipitation pass
Sensor, evaporation gauge, visibility sensor, ground temperature sensor, baroceptor, visibility sensor, cloud level sensor, sky
Gas phenomenon sensor, radiation sensor, sunshine recorder；Meteorological element sensor can directly be connected with Sensor Measurement Unit
Connect, or be connected with a point harvester measuring unit after dividing harvester by meteorological element.
Sensor Measurement Unit is mainly by rain sensor measurement module, wind transducer measurement module, air velocity transducer
Measurement module, evaporation gauge measurement module and intelligence sensor measurement module composition, the most defeated to meteorological element sensor
Go out signal to measure.
Intelligence sensor measurement module mainly by visibility measurement module, cloud level measurement module, weather phenomenon measurement module,
Sunshine measurement module and cloud amount measurement module composition.
Harvester measuring unit is divided mainly to be divided harvester measurement module, ground temperature to divide harvester measurement module, spoke by humiture
Penetrate a point harvester measurement module composition, meteorological element is divided harvester and matched meteorological element sensor export accordingly
Signal measures.
The method using wired data transfer between detecting system each unit.
The method using wireless data transmission between detecting system each unit.
Detection method based on the online fault detection system of automatic weather station, detection method step is as follows:
1) output signal of meteorological element sensor 1 to meteorological element sensor n is measured by Sensor Measurement Unit
Drawing data A1 to An, data A1 to An is transferred to main control unit by Sensor Measurement Unit；
2) divide harvester measuring unit that meteorological element is divided harvester 1 to meteorological element divide harvester n or matched
The output signal of meteorological element sensor measures and draws data B1 to Bn, and data B1 to Bn is passed by point harvester measuring unit
It is passed to main control unit；
3) output signal of main harvester, signal lighting protection plate and baroceptor is measured by main harvester measuring unit
Show that data C1 to C3 is transferred to main control unit by data C1 to C3, main harvester measuring unit；
4) external equipment measuring unit the output signal of electric power system and communication system is measured draw data D1 and
D2, data D1 and D2 are transferred to main control unit by external equipment measuring unit；
5) main control unit receives, by data acquisition module, data that step 1 to step 4 draws and passes through data respectively
It is processed by processing module, draws abnormal data set by the breakdown judge algorithm preset in data processing module
E1-En, breakdown judge algorithm is threshold determination or logic decision, such as: if the normal output signal scope of humidity sensor should be
The d. c. voltage signal of 0-1v, the 0-100% of corresponding relative humidity, if the magnitude of voltage measured the most throughout is more than 0-1v, then
It is considered as mistake；Meanwhile, if the relative humidity output voltage values that somewhere records is 0-0.05v, then its corresponding rh value
For 0-5%, but what this rh value was extremely difficult to reach under most natural conditions, therefore the measured value at this can be considered
To measuring at this, doubtful mistake, should put whether fault is comprehensively sentenced in conjunction with remaining measured value everywhere and breakdown judge algorithm
Disconnected, to draw reliable conclusion.During fault verification, visual concrete condition, threshold determination numerical value everywhere and logic are sentenced
Method of determining is configured in the parameter adjustment module of main control unit.
6) E1-En corresponding A 1 to the An that drawn by step 5, B1 to Bn, each data of C1 to C3, D1 and D2 make a mistake
The 1-n data, i.e. may utilize breakdown judge algorithm and carries out synthetic determination, draws concrete abort situation R1-Rn, R1-Rn pair
Answer in A1 to An, B1 to Bn, C1 to C3, D1 and D2 it may happen that fault respectively measure position；As: at E1 correspondence C1, measured value is wrong
By mistake, and now measured value at A1, C2 is normal, now can determine whether to give vent to anger as essential sensor 1, signal lighting protection plate are normal
, then can determine that out that automatic weather station occurs position to should be main harvester, now the information in abort situation R1 is main collection
Device；
7) abnormal data E1-En step 5 drawn and result of determination R1-Rn, be transferred to data disaply moudle, energy
Concrete abort situation and relevant information is had a clear understanding of by user by alternating interface between man and computer；
8) abnormal data En step 5 drawn and result of determination R1-Rn, be transferred to data communication module, can lead to
Cross wired or wireless transmission means and fault message is carried out long-distance transmissions.
Use the detecting system of the present invention and detection method, be not required in the case of maintainer parent goes to fault in-situ, can
Realize on-line checking and the diagnosis of automatic meteorological station failure, thus greatly reduction failture evacuation is time-consuming, promotes automaticity.
Outside the legacy data transmission channel of equipment, owing to automatic weather station signal everywhere is all detected, therefore by the present invention
Can be as an auxiliary data transmission passage.Therefore, the once relevant components section failure of the former data channel of equipment, in event
Before barrier is not yet got rid of, the module broken down can be skipped by this assisting data channel, continued data transmission work, thus entered
One step reduces the miss rate of observational data.
Claims (9)
1. the online fault detection system of automatic weather station, it is characterised in that: include automatic weather station, Sensor Measurement Unit, divide
Harvester measuring unit, main harvester measuring unit, external equipment measuring unit and main control unit；Automatic weather station includes meteorology
Essential sensor, meteorological element divide harvester, main harvester, signal lighting protection plate, baroceptor, electric power system, communication system
And host computer；Described Sensor Measurement Unit, point harvester measuring unit, main harvester measuring unit, external equipment are measured
It is connected with main control unit respectively with host computer, the input of described Sensor Measurement Unit and the output of meteorological element sensor
End connects, and the input of described point harvester measuring unit and meteorological element divide harvester or matched meteorological element to pass
The outfan of sensor connects, the input of described main harvester measuring unit respectively with main harvester, signal lighting protection plate, air pressure
The outfan of sensor connects, the input of described external equipment measuring unit defeated with electric power system and communication system respectively
Go out end to connect.
Detecting system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described main control unit is mainly by data acquisition module
Block, data processing module, data memory module, parameter adjustment module, data disaply moudle become with data communication module set.
Detecting system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described meteorological element sensor includes temperature sensing
Device, humidity sensor, wind transducer, air velocity transducer, precipitation sensor, evaporation gauge, visibility sensor, ground temperature pass
Sensor, baroceptor, visibility sensor, cloud level sensor, weather phenomenon sensor, radiation sensor, sunshine recorder；
Meteorological element sensor can directly be connected with Sensor Measurement Unit, or by meteorological element divide after harvester with a point harvester
Measuring unit is connected.
Detecting system the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described Sensor Measurement Unit is mainly passed by rainfall
Sensor measurement module, wind transducer measurement module, air velocity transducer measurement module, evaporation gauge measurement module and intelligence pass
Sensor measurement module forms, and output signal corresponding to meteorological element sensor measures.
Detecting system the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described intelligence sensor measurement module is mainly by energy
Degree of opinion measurement module, cloud level measurement module, weather phenomenon measurement module, measurement module at sunshine and cloud amount measurement module composition.
6. according to the detecting system described in any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that: described point harvester measuring unit
Mainly harvester measurement module, ground temperature is divided to divide harvester measurement module, radiation point harvester measurement module to form by humiture, right
Meteorological element divides harvester or the matched corresponding output signal of meteorological element sensor to measure.
Detecting system the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: use wired number between described detecting system each unit
Method according to transmission.
Detecting system the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: use wireless number between described detecting system each unit
Method according to transmission.
9. according to the detection method of the online fault detection system of automatic weather station described in any one of claim 1 to 8, its feature
It is: detection method step is as follows:
1) output signal of meteorological element sensor 1 to meteorological element sensor n is measured and draws by Sensor Measurement Unit
Data A1 to An, data A1 to An is transferred to main control unit by Sensor Measurement Unit；
2) divide harvester measuring unit that meteorological element is divided the meteorology that harvester 1 to meteorological element divides harvester n or matched
The output signal of essential sensor measures and draws data B1 to Bn, and data B1 to Bn is transferred to by a point harvester measuring unit
Main control unit；
3) output signal of main harvester, signal lighting protection plate and baroceptor is measured and draws by main harvester measuring unit
Data C1 to C3, data C1 to C3 is transferred to main control unit by main harvester measuring unit；
4) output signal of electric power system and communication system is measured and draws data D1 and D2, outward by external equipment measuring unit
Data D1 and D2 are transferred to main control unit by portion's device measuring unit；
5) main control unit is received, by data acquisition module, data that step 1 to step 4 draws and is processed by data respectively
It is processed by module, draws abnormal data set E1-En by the breakdown judge algorithm preset in data processing module,
Described breakdown judge algorithm is threshold determination or logic decision, such as: if the normal output signal scope of humidity sensor should be
The d. c. voltage signal of 0-1v, the 0-100% of corresponding relative humidity, if the magnitude of voltage measured the most throughout is more than 0-1v, then
It is considered as mistake；Meanwhile, if the relative humidity output voltage values 0-0.05v that somewhere records, then its corresponding rh value is
0-5%, but what this rh value was extremely difficult to reach under most natural conditions, the measured value therefore measuring point at this can
It is considered as doubtful mistake, should put whether fault is carried out comprehensively in conjunction with remaining measured value everywhere and breakdown judge algorithm to measuring at this
Judge, to draw reliable conclusion；During fault verification, visual concrete condition, to threshold determination numerical value everywhere and logic
Decision method is configured in the parameter adjustment module of main control unit；
6) 1-made a mistake in E1-En corresponding A 1 to the An that drawn by step 5, B1 to Bn, each data of C1 to C3, D1 and D2
N data, i.e. may utilize breakdown judge algorithm and carry out synthetic determination, draw concrete abort situation R1-Rn, R1-Rn corresponding A 1
To An, B1 to Bn, C1 to C3, D1 and D2 it may happen that fault respectively measure position；
7) abnormal data E1-En step 5 drawn and result of determination R1-Rn, be transferred to data disaply moudle, can pass through
Alternating interface between man and computer has a clear understanding of concrete abort situation and relevant information by user；
8) abnormal data E1-En step 5 drawn and result of determination R1-Rn, be transferred to data communication module, can pass through
Wired or wireless transmission means carries out long-distance transmissions to fault message.
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Application publication date: 20161123 |