CN106153644A - Unsaturated soil three axle sample water content real-time testing probe and test device - Google Patents
Unsaturated soil three axle sample water content real-time testing probe and test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106153644A CN106153644A CN201610454679.0A CN201610454679A CN106153644A CN 106153644 A CN106153644 A CN 106153644A CN 201610454679 A CN201610454679 A CN 201610454679A CN 106153644 A CN106153644 A CN 106153644A
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- water content
- rubber membrane
- unsaturated soil
- probe
- sample water
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of unsaturated soil three axle sample water content real-time testing probe based on Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) technology and test device, can be used for the test of sample local water content in Geotechnical Engineering unsaturated soil triaxial test.Probe includes basic unit (1), many fexible conductors (2) and connector (3), there is certain flexibility, can install horizontal wrap on the cylindrical sample of Geotechnical Engineering triaxial test, it is between three axle samples (10) and rubber membrane (4), it is connected with TDR Test instrument (9) by wire (8), the water content of installation position can be monitored during unsaturated soil triaxial test at any time.The present invention cannot obtain local location water content problem during solving Geotechnical Engineering unsaturated soil triaxial test.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soil moisture content real-time test device, be based particularly on the non-of Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) technology
Saturated soil three axle sample water content real-time testing probe and test device.
Background technology
In Geotechnical Engineering test, triaxial test is the important tests means obtaining Rock And Soil shearing strength.And Rock And Soil
The degree of consolidation of shearing strength and three axle samples have very close relationship, therefore the water content of sample obtains and has important work
Cheng Yiyi, for current research technique, the water content of three axle samples can only before putting into base or finish and obtain after test,
And test the water content in pilot process and there is presently no way and directly determine, especially in the triaxial test of unsaturated soil, have
The top and the bottom water content of possible three axle samples is not consistent, if therefore can monitor the aqueous of a part in process of the test at any time
Amount will have greatly help to the Research on Mechanical Properties of Rock And Soil, also very necessary.
1975, time domain reflection technology (TDR) was applied to the mensuration of soil dielectric constant by Davis and Chudobiak.
1980, Topp et al. was when utilizing the dielectric constant of TDR measurement soil, it was demonstrated that dielectric constant and soil moisture content have well
Correlation, and establish the empirical equation of soil moisture content and apparent dielectric constant.The on-the-spot water content testing standard of the U.S.
ASTM6780 is to utilize TDR Test water content of soil, first needs first to measure the dielectric constant of the soil body, then passes through indoor standardization side
Journey obtains the water content of the soil body.Compared with other methods, TDR has many good qualities on soil moisture measurement, as destructive in nothing, fast
Speed, degree of accuracy height, measurement result are affected less by soil types and can be measured soil moisture content and soil conductivity simultaneously.
TDR instrument commercial at present is more, and most can be used for measuring soil moisture content.Need TDR when test
The probe of probe inserts in the soil body, launches electromagnetic wave by software end control TDR equipment, records the electromagnetism reflecting simultaneously
Ripple, is obtained the dielectric constant of the soil body, then the relation by the prior dielectric constant of soil body set up and water content by analysis,
Obtain the water content of the soil body.At present, most of TDR probe is all probe geometries, needs to insert inside soil body, this shape
The probe of formula clearly cannot be used for the water content test of sample in triaxial test, because three axle samples can be made by the probe of probe-type
Become to destroy, directly affect the acquisition of its test parameters.Therefore, TDR technology be applied to, in triaxial test, need otherwise designed
Develop TDR probe and the test device being applicable to three axle sample water content real-time testings.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of water content real-time testing probe based on time domain reflection technology (TDR) and survey
Electricity testing device, can be used in the real-time testing of a part water content during unsaturated soil three axle specimen test in Geotechnical Engineering.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme that the present invention proposes is:
A kind of unsaturated soil three axle sample water content real-time testing probe, including flexible bendable basic unit, is arranged at basic unit one
Face is attached at many fexible conductors of sample, and is arranged at the connector of basic unit's another side；Described fexible conductor and connector
It is electrically connected with.
Further, described basic unit is the insulating materials with certain thickness and intensity, and its material is polyimide resin.
Further, described fexible conductor is the strip conductor that metallic film is made, parallel and concordant be distributed in basic unit
On, spacing between any two is equal, and it is gluing with the combination of basic unit or uses turmeric technique to be formed integrally.
Further, described connector is radio frequency connector, and its characteristic impedance is 50 Ω or 75 Ω, form be BNC or
SMA。
Accordingly, present invention also offers a kind of unsaturated soil three axle sample water content real-time test device, including three axles
Balancing gate pit, TDR Test instrument, in addition, also include above-mentioned test probe, described probe is arranged at rubber membrane required measurement sample and contains
The position of the water yield, described rubber membrane is externally provided with and holds film cylinder；The described film cylinder that holds is arranged at triaxial pressure indoor, and described probe is by leading
Line is electrically connected with TDR Test instrument.
Further, the upper and lower two ends of described rubber membrane are set in from inside to outside and hold at film cylinder upper and lower side.
Further, described wire is coaxial cable.
Further, being provided with rubber membrane opening at described rubber membrane and probe incorporated, the connector of probe is opened from rubber membrane
The position of mouth passes rubber membrane, and the length direction of probe is arranged along rubber membrane cross circular section circumferential direction.
Further, described rubber membrane opening part is filled with fluid sealant.
Based on above test device, present invention also offers a kind of method of testing, comprise the following steps:
S1: will be used for attaching three axle samples and keep many fexible conductors at regular intervals to paste in flexible bendable basic unit
Simultaneously, same one end of described fexible conductor passes through basic unit, is electrical connected with the connector being located at flexbile base another side, and then
To bent flexible probe；
S2: suitably bending fexible conductor and the basic unit of flexible probe, being allowed to be formed arc, the radius of arc is bigger
In the radius of three axle samples, there is the side of fexible conductor at arc shaped inside, have the side of connector outside arc；
S3: on the cylindric rubber membrane of triaxial test, the position of measurement water content needed for three axle samples is positioned
And perforate, forming rubber membrane opening, openings of sizes is equal to or slightly less than the base cross-sectional sizes of flexible probe upper binding head；
S4: flexible probe is placed into the inside of cylindric rubber membrane, makes the connector on flexible probe open from rubber membrane
The position of mouth passes rubber membrane, and the length direction of flexible probe is along rubber membrane cross circular section circumferential direction；
S5: will be located in bottom the connector of rubber membrane opening part with fluid sealant and rubber membrane seals；Fluid sealant should have
Have enough tensile strength and break elongation percentage, during ensureing whole triaxial test, radio frequency jointing and rubber membrane it
Between good seal, waterproof, airtight.
S6: punch at triaxial cell top or bottom, the one end in hole is indoor at triaxial pressure, and one end is in triaxial cell
Outward, the wire of two ends belt lacing is passed through from hole, seal between wire and the hole opened；
S7: be enclosed within rubber membrane 4 and hold on film cylinder, after more solito installs three axle samples, connects wire at triaxial pressure
Indoor joint and penetrating connector and sealing on flexible probe, install triaxial cell；
S8: wire is connected with TDR Test instrument at the outdoor joint of triaxial pressure；
S9: TDR Test instrument is debugged, after reaction is normal by TDR Test instrument carry out the transmitting of electromagnetic wave, reception,
Process, obtain the reflective graphics at three axle sample testing positions；
S10: the water content of three axle samples be varied multiple times, repeats above step, set up three axle sample different moisture contents with not
With the corresponding relation between reflective graphics, i.e. can get the real-time moisture content value at three axle sample testing positions.
By apparatus above and method, during can realizing Geotechnical Engineering unsaturated soil three axle specimen test, a part is aqueous
The real-time testing of amount, solve in current process of the test can not the difficult problem of real-time testing, fill up the blank in this field, contribute to non-full
Research with soil field.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is flexible test of the present invention probe bottom schematic view；
Fig. 2 is flexible test of the present invention probe side schematic view；
Fig. 3 is flexible test of the present invention probe schematical top view；
Fig. 4 is the position relationship cross sectional representation of flexible test of the present invention probe and rubber membrane；
Fig. 5 is the flexible test of the present invention probe position relationship schematic diagram with rubber membrane when mounted；
Fig. 6 is to load, after flexible test of the present invention probe connects rubber membrane, the schematic diagram holding film cylinder；
Fig. 7 is overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure: 1-basic unit, 2-fexible conductor, 3-connector, 4-rubber membrane, 5-rubber membrane opening, 6-hold film cylinder, 7-tri-axle
Balancing gate pit, 8-wire, 9-TDR tester, 10-tri-axle sample.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the invention will be further described, but protection model not thereby limiting the invention
Enclose.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, TDR probe is made up of flexbile base the 1st, fexible conductor 2 and connector 3 three part, wherein flexible
Basic unit 1 is Kapton insulating barrier, and fexible conductor 2 is the strip that red copper, stainless steel or other metal material films are made
Shape conductor.Connector 3 is radio frequency jointing.
Flexbile base 1 and fexible conductor 2 are directly prepared into one, strip conductor thickness scope by gluing or turmeric technique
Being 0.1～0.5mm, width range is 1～5mm, and length range is 10～500mm.Fexible conductor 2 has 3, at flexbile base 1
On distribution mode be two ends alignment, parallel distribution, spacing is equal two-by-two, and at the same face of flexbile base 1, spacing range is
3～10mm.The size of fexible conductor 2 and spacing can be carried out preferably according to factors such as the type of three axle samples, sizes.3 flexibilities
Same one end of conductor 2 passes through the another side that flexbile base 1 reaches flexbile base 1, and passes through welding manner with radio frequency jointing 3
Being connected, conductor wherein in an intermediate position is connected with the middle conductor of radio frequency jointing 3, and other two fexible conductors 2
Being connected with the outer conductor of radio frequency jointing 3, radio frequency jointing 3 is BNC or SMA form, can pass through coaxial cable and standard
Time Domain Reflectometry test equipment be connected, as Compbell Scientific company of the U.S. produce TDR100.
The operating process of triaxial test can be found in People's Republic of China's national regulation " Standard for test methods of earthworks " (GB
T50123-1999).As a example by three axle samples of 101mm diameter, flexbile base 1 can be set to 135mm × 21mm rectangle, soft
Property conductor 2 be 125mm × 3mm rectangle, three fexible conductors 2 are centrally disposed on flexbile base 1, are parallel to each other, two-by-two spacing
For 3mm.If desired for the water content testing three axle sample middle parts, then need to reach to require as follows:
1. the present invention is wound in the middle part of sample along sample central cross-section circumference aspect；
2. flexbile base 1 has the one side of fexible conductor 2 to contact with specimen surface, and the another side of flexbile base 1 and rubber
Film 4 contacts；
3., in order to the present invention can be connected with test equipment, radio frequency jointing 3 also needs to through rubber membrane 4, and sample is installed
After finishing, radio frequency jointing 3 is in outside rubber membrane 4.
As also shown in e.g. figs. 4-7, put in place to install the present invention, can operate as follows:
(1) on rubber membrane 4, the position of measurement water content needed for three axle samples is carried out positioning in advance and perforate forms rubber
Epithelium opening 5, perforate size is equal to or slightly less than the base cross-sectional sizes of radio frequency jointing 3；
(2) suitably bending apparatus of the present invention, forming arc, the radius of arc is slightly larger than radius of specimen, has flexibility
, at arc shaped inside, there is the side of radio frequency jointing 3 side of conductor 2 outside arc；
(3) present invention is placed into the inside of cylindrical shape rubber membrane 4, and radio frequency jointing 3 is from the position of rubber membrane opening 5
Passing rubber membrane 4, the length direction of the present invention is along rubber membrane 4 cross circular section circumferential direction；
(4) will seal with rubber membrane 4 bottom radio frequency jointing 3 with fluid sealant, fluid sealant should have enough resisting
Tensile strength and break elongation percentage, during ensureing whole triaxial test, seals good between radio frequency jointing 3 and rubber membrane 4
Good, waterproof, airtight, K-5904B fluid sealant as special in the Kraft of Guangdong Hengda New Materials Technology Co., Ltd's production.
(5) being enclosed within rubber membrane 4 and holding on film cylinder 6, the structure holding film cylinder 6 sees People's Republic of China (PRC) national regulation GB
T50123-1999 Figure 16 .2.1-5, because radio frequency jointing 3 has certain height, therefore, the diameter holding film cylinder 6 should ratio three
Axle specimen finish adds the bigger 2～5mm of radio frequency jointing height, in order to three axle samples can be inserted in smoothly and hold in film cylinder 6.
(6) conventionally installing three axle samples, specific operation process refers to People's Republic of China's national regulation
" Standard for test methods of earthworks " (GB T50123-1999).
After (7) three axle samples install, by the wire 8 of two ends belt lacing by the radio frequency jointing 3 of the present invention with
TDR Test instrument 9 outside balancing gate pit is connected.Wire 8 is coaxial cable, and punch extractions at pressure chamber base position, coaxial cable and
Sealing between the hole opened, sealing means can be the combination etc. adding capstan nut with fluid sealant or sealing ring.Coaxial electrical
Cable should seal after being connected with the radio frequency jointing 3 of the present invention, and seal form can be laced belt waterproof plug own, it is also possible to
Sealing with fluid sealant, the crust of coaxial cable+joint own should be waterproof air-locked, in order to avoid causing water in process of the test
Or gas enters change characteristic impedance in coaxial cable, affect water content test result, also avoid causing triaxial cell to enclose simultaneously
Pressure decay.
(8) TDR Test instrument is debugged, after reaction is normal by TDR Test instrument carry out the transmitting of electromagnetic wave, reception,
Process, obtain the reflective graphics at three axle sample testing positions, obtain three axle sample quilts by conventional method (such as oven drying method) simultaneously
Survey the water content at position.
(9) water content of three axle samples be varied multiple times, repeat above step, set up three axle sample different moisture contents from different
Corresponding relation between reflective graphics.
(10) carry out triaxial test according to a conventional method, process of the test is reached by TDR Test instrument and carries out sending out of electromagnetic wave
Penetrate, receive, process, obtain the reflective graphics at three axle sample testing positions, by between the reflective graphics that step (9) is set up
Corresponding relation, i.e. can get the real-time moisture content value at three axle sample testing positions.
The principle of TDR water content test refers to the article that Cheng Xianjun is published in " water conservancy and hydropower technology " nineteen ninety-five o. 11th
" measuring soil moisture content according to TDR principle ".As long as in advance apparatus of the present invention being demarcated, by the data gathering are carried out
Analyze, obtain dielectric constant values, set up the relation between dielectric constant and three axle sample water content further, i.e. can determine that aqueous
Amount, it is achieved thereby that the real time measure of water content.
As the water content real-time testing at three other positions of axle sample need to be carried out, can refer to said method and apparatus of the present invention are pacified
It is contained in relevant position.
As described above, the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, but as long as essentially without depart from this
Bright feature and effect, can have many variations, and this will be readily apparent to persons skilled in the art, therefore,
The example of these deformation is also integrally incorporated within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a unsaturated soil three axle sample water content real-time testing probe, it is characterised in that include flexible bendable basic unit (1),
It is arranged at basic unit (1) one side and is attached at many fexible conductors (2) of sample, and be arranged at the connector of basic unit (1) another side
(3)；Described fexible conductor (2) is electrically connected with connector (3).
2. a kind of unsaturated soil three axle sample water content real-time testing probe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Stating basic unit (1) is the insulating materials with certain thickness and intensity, and its material is polyimide resin.
3. a kind of unsaturated soil three axle sample water content real-time testing probe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State the strip conductor that fexible conductor (2) is that metallic film is made, parallel and concordant be distributed in basic unit (1), between any two
Spacing is equal, and it is gluing with the combination of basic unit (1) or uses turmeric technique to be formed integrally.
4. a kind of unsaturated soil three axle sample water content real-time testing probe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Stating connector (3) is radio frequency connector, and its characteristic impedance is 50 Ω or 75 Ω, and form is BNC or SMA.
5. a unsaturated soil three axle sample water content real-time test device, including triaxial cell (7), TDR Test instrument (9),
It is characterized in that, also including test probe, described probe is arranged at the position of rubber membrane (4) required measurement sample water content, institute
State rubber membrane (4) to be externally provided with and hold film cylinder (6)；The described film cylinder (6) that holds is arranged in triaxial cell (7), and described probe is by leading
Line is electrically connected with TDR Test instrument (9).
6. a kind of unsaturated soil three axle sample water content real-time test device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that institute
State the upper and lower two ends of rubber membrane (4) to be set in from inside to outside and hold at film cylinder (6) upper and lower side.
7. a kind of unsaturated soil three axle sample water content real-time test device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that institute
Stating wire (8) is coaxial cable.
8. a kind of unsaturated soil three axle sample water content real-time test device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that institute
Stating rubber membrane (4) and being provided with rubber membrane opening (5) at probe incorporated, the connector (3) of probe is from the position of rubber membrane opening (5)
Passing rubber membrane (4), the length direction of probe is arranged along rubber membrane (4) cross circular section circumferential direction.
9. a kind of unsaturated soil three axle sample water content real-time test device according to claim 8, it is characterised in that institute
State rubber membrane opening (5) place and be filled with fluid sealant.
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| CN201610454679.0A CN106153644B (en) | 2016-06-22 | 2016-06-22 | Three axis sample water content real-time testing of unsaturated soil probe and test device |
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| CN201610454679.0A CN106153644B (en) | 2016-06-22 | 2016-06-22 | Three axis sample water content real-time testing of unsaturated soil probe and test device |
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| CN106153644B CN106153644B (en) | 2018-12-14 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108387619A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-08-10 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of frozen soil of controllable stress state does not freeze device for testing water content device |
| CN108709917A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-26 | 水利部南京水利水文自动化研究所 | Tubular type TDR soil moisture sensors |
| CN109883851A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-06-14 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Gas injection-vacuum consolidation testing device and test method for high-moisture percentage mud |
| CN111122619A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-08 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Water content measuring system based on parallel spiral type telescopic time domain reflection probe |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108387619A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-08-10 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of frozen soil of controllable stress state does not freeze device for testing water content device |
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| CN109883851A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-06-14 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Gas injection-vacuum consolidation testing device and test method for high-moisture percentage mud |
| CN109883851B (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2024-04-16 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Gas injection-vacuum consolidation test device and method for high-water-content sludge |
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| CN111122619B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-02-18 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Water content measuring system based on parallel spiral type telescopic time domain reflection probe |
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