CN106153097B - Icing degree characterization method for icing insulator string - Google Patents
Icing degree characterization method for icing insulator string Download PDFInfo
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- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000009422 external insulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for representing the icing degree of an icing insulator string, which comprises the steps of converting the relative change rate of the icing bridge degree of an insulator according to the icing density, correcting the relative change rate of the icing bridge degree of the insulator by combining with an operating environment, and finally determining the icing bridge degree of the insulator according to the corrected relative change rate of the icing bridge degree of the insulator and the icing thickness of a lead. The invention converts the icing bridging degree of the insulator by measuring the icing thickness and the icing density of the lead, overcomes the problem that the icing bridging degree of the insulator cannot be directly monitored in the actual line monitoring process, and effectively represents the icing degree of the insulator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric power application, in particular to a method for representing the icing degree of an icing insulator string.
Background
According to the general idea of developing the extra-high voltage backbone network frame by the national grid company, the water and fire mutual assistance and the resource optimization configuration in a wider range across large areas and watersheds are promoted by constructing the national grid with a higher voltage level, and the requirement of national economic development is met. The extra-high voltage alternating current and direct current transmission line has the characteristics of long line path and complex environmental conditions for passing through regions, inevitably passes through various complex geographic environments such as canyons, rivers, microclimates and the like and severe meteorological condition areas such as rimes, heavy snow and the like, and faces a certain high altitude problem while facing atmospheric and industrial environmental pollution. The phenomena of ice coating and heavy snow of the transmission line are one of the problems which need to be considered in the external insulation design of the transmission line, and long-term operation and design experience at home and abroad also show that the reliability of the external insulation of a heavily-coated ice/snow area becomes a key factor in the external insulation design of the high-voltage transmission line, and the ice flashover/snow flashover resistance of an insulator needs to be considered in the design process.
The ice regions in China are generally divided according to the thickness of ice coated on the wire, wherein the ice thickness is more than 20mm and is a heavy ice region, the ice thickness is 10-20mm and is a medium ice region, and the ice thickness is less than 10mm and is a light ice region. According to the design convention of ultra-high voltage transmission lines in China, under the condition of ice coating of less than 10mm, insulation configuration is considered according to the dirt external insulation tolerance level. However, the results of field investigation show that insulator icing flashover accidents under the condition of light icing of 5-10mm on the lead occur in some areas, for example, after the icing flashover faults of some towers occur, the measured value of the icing thickness of the lead in the fault area is only about 5mm, and the insulator string forms more serious bridging. It can be seen that the possibility of insufficient configuration exists only by performing the external insulation design according to the dirt external insulation tolerance level, and the observation of the ice coating thickness of the lead and the ice coating bridging condition of the insulator string also shows that the ice coating thickness of the lead and the ice coating on the insulator cannot be directly equivalent, and the serious bridging of the ice coating on the insulator string can be caused under the condition of light ice coating thickness of the lead. However, in the actual line monitoring process, since the ice coating bridging degree of the insulator cannot be directly monitored, at present, the risk of ice coating flashover accidents still exists because the insulator is judged whether to have flashover accidents or not by detecting the ice coating thickness of the wire.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the problem of the insulator icing flashover accident in the prior art, so that the method for representing the icing degree of the icing insulator string can effectively avoid the icing flashover accident.
In order to solve the technical problem, the method for representing the icing degree of the ice-coated insulator string comprises the following steps of: step S1: measuring the ice coating thickness and the ice coating density of the lead; step S2: converting the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge connection degree according to the icing density; step S3: correcting the relative change rate of the icing bridge connection degree of the insulator by combining the type, the pollution degree and the operating voltage of the insulator in the operating environment; step S4: and determining the insulator icing bridge joint degree according to the corrected relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge joint degree and the icing thickness of the lead.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step S2 is to perform an ice coating experiment on the conductor and the insulator under the same environment.
In one embodiment of the invention, when an icing experiment is carried out, the conductor and the insulator are placed in a climatic chamber, and the relation between the insulator icing bridge degree and the conductor icing thickness under different environments is simulated by adjusting the environment temperature and the water spraying quantity.
In one embodiment of the invention, when an icing experiment is performed, the relationship between the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge ratio under a charged condition and the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge ratio under an uncharged condition is compared.
In one embodiment of the invention, when the icing experiment is carried out, the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge degree at the initial icing stage under the charged condition is similar to the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge degree under the uncharged condition.
In one embodiment of the invention, when an icing experiment is carried out, the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge degree in the middle stage of icing under a charged condition is different from the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge degree under an uncharged condition, and the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge degree is corrected according to various factors of the insulator surface pollution degree, the ice-coated water conductivity and the voltage level.
In an embodiment of the invention, when the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge degree is corrected, the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge degree under a charged condition can be accurately obtained by using the correction coefficient.
In one embodiment of the invention, the correction factor is a function related to a plurality of factors including salt density, ash density, voltage, and ice coating conductivity.
In an embodiment of the invention, in the step S2, the relative rate of change of the insulator icing bridge height is in a power function relationship with the icing density.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in the step S4, the insulator icing bridge ratio is determined by multiplying the corrected insulator icing bridge ratio relative change rate by the conductor icing thickness.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the method for representing the icing degree of the icing insulator string, the relation between the insulator bridging degree and the conductor icing thickness is represented by the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridging degree, and the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridging degree is a power function related to the icing density.
Drawings
In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, reference is now made to the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for characterizing ice coating degree of an ice coating insulator string according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the icing experiments described herein.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for characterizing an icing degree of an ice-coated insulator string, where the insulator is connected to a lead, and the method includes the following steps: step S1: measuring the ice coating thickness and the ice coating density of the lead; step S2: converting the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge connection degree according to the icing density; step S3: correcting the relative change rate of the icing bridge connection degree of the insulator by combining the type, the pollution degree and the operating voltage of the insulator in the operating environment; step S4: and determining the insulator icing bridge joint degree according to the corrected relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge joint degree and the icing thickness of the lead.
The above is the core technical field of the present invention, and the method for characterizing the icing degree of the ice-coated insulator string of the present invention, wherein the insulator is connected to a lead, and in step S1, the icing thickness and the icing density of the lead are measured; in the step S2, the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge height is converted according to the icing density, and since the icing density is constant in the same icing environment, a functional relationship between the icing density and the insulator icing bridge height can be established according to the relationship between the icing density and the insulator icing bridge height relative change rate under different conditions; in the step S3, the type, contamination degree, and operating voltage of the insulator in the operating environment are combined to correct the relative change rate of the ice coating bridging degree of the insulator, so as to facilitate simulation of the ice coating degree of the ice coating insulator string in the actual operating environment; in the step S4, the insulator icing bridging degree in the same icing environment can be converted according to the corrected relative change rate of the insulator icing bridging degree and the corrected icing thickness of the lead, so as to determine the insulator icing bridging degree.
In this embodiment, the step S2 is to perform an ice coating experiment on the conductor and the insulator under the same environment. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the wire 11 and the insulator 12 are placed in an artificial climate chamber 13, wherein the wire 11 is connected in parallel with the insulator 12, a sleeve 14 is arranged at the lower end of the artificial climate chamber 13, the sleeve 14 is connected with the wire 11 through a conductor, a nozzle 15 is further arranged in the artificial climate chamber 13, the nozzle 15 can cool indoor precipitation, and the relationship between the insulator icing bridge degree and the wire icing thickness in different environments is simulated by adjusting the indoor environment temperature and the water spray amount.
In this embodiment, since the ice density ρ is constant under the same condition, a functional relationship between the ice density ρ and the insulator ice bridging degree relative change rate K can be established according to a relationship between the ice density ρ and the insulator ice bridging degree relative change rate K under different conditions. Specifically, the insulator icing bridge length relative change rate K and the icing density rho are in a power function relationship through experiments, and are expressed as K = C rho by a formulan(ii) a Where C and n are constants related to the type of insulator and environmental factors.
In order to verify the effectiveness of the rule under the charged condition, the charged icing test is carried out, and the test result is compared with the uncharged icing test result carried out under the same condition. Specifically, when an icing experiment is performed, the relationship between the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge ratio under a charged condition and the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge ratio under an uncharged condition is compared. The relative change rate of the ice coating bridging degree of the insulator is divided into three stages of an ice coating initial stage, an ice coating middle stage and an ice coating stable stage under the condition of electrification. The wire and the insulator start to grow ice slush at the initial stage of ice coating, and experiments show that: the relative change rate of the icing bridge joint degree of the insulator is similar to that of the icing bridge joint degree of the insulator under the uncharged condition. In the middle stage of ice coating, electric field distortion caused by the growth of the ice edges enables discharge to occur in high-field-intensity areas, the growth of the ice edges in the areas is slowed down, and experiments show that: at the stage, the relative change rate of the icing bridge joint degree of the insulator and the relative change of the icing bridge joint degree of the insulator under the condition of no electric icing are realizedThe chemical conversion rate has difference, and the relative change rate at the moment needs to be corrected according to factors such as the pollution degree of the surface of the insulator, the conductivity of ice-coated water, the voltage grade and the like. Specifically, the relative change rate of the ice coating bridging degree of the insulator is corrected according to the factors of the contamination degree of the surface of the insulator, the conductivity of ice coating water and the voltage grade, the relative change rate of the ice coating bridging degree of the insulator under a charged condition can be accurately obtained by using a correction coefficient, and the formula is represented as follows: k = C ρnM, wherein the correction coefficient M is a function related to a plurality of factors such as salt density (ESDD), ash density (NSDD), voltage U, ice coating water conductivity sigma and the like, and is expressed by the formula: m = f (U, σ, NSDD, ESDD …). For the ice coating stabilization period, since the ice slush of the wire and the insulator no longer changed, experiments showed that: the insulator icing bridging degree reaches the saturation degree, and the insulator icing bridging degree does not increase along with the increase of the conductor icing thickness any more.
In order to verify the relation between the insulator icing bridge degree S and the conductor icing thickness D at different temperatures, an icing experiment is carried out under an uncharged condition, and the experiment shows that: the insulator icing bridge degree S and the conductor icing thickness D are in a linear increasing relation, and the conductor icing thickness D is reduced along with the reduction of the temperature, so that the corresponding insulator icing bridge degree S is lower. Meanwhile, the following experiments show that: the ice density on the surface of the conductor and the insulator decreases with the decrease of the temperature. In order to quantitatively characterize the relation between the insulator icing bridge degree S and the conductor icing thickness D, if the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge degree is K, the relation is expressed by a formula as follows: k =Δs/Δd.
In order to simulate a field operation environment, the relative change rate of the icing bridge degree of the insulator needs to be corrected by combining factors such as the type, the pollution degree and the operation voltage of the insulator in the operation environment, so that the icing degree of the icing insulator string is more close to the actual operation environment. In step S4, the corrected insulator icing bridge ratio S is determined by the product of the insulator icing bridge ratio relative change rate K and the conductor icing thickness D.
In summary, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the method for representing the icing degree of the ice-coated insulator string comprises the steps that the insulator is connected with a lead, and in the step S1, the icing thickness and the icing density of the lead are measured; in the step S2, the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge height is converted according to the icing density, and since the icing density is constant in the same icing environment, a functional relationship between the icing density and the insulator icing bridge height can be established according to the relationship between the icing density and the insulator icing bridge height relative change rate under different conditions; in the step S3, the type, contamination degree, and operating voltage of the insulator in the operating environment are combined to correct the relative change rate of the ice coating bridging degree of the insulator, which is beneficial to simulating the ice coating degree of the ice coating insulator string in the actual operating environment; in the step S4, the insulator icing bridging degree in the same icing environment can be converted according to the corrected relative change rate of the insulator icing bridging degree and the corrected icing thickness of the wire, so as to determine the insulator icing bridging degree.
2. In the method for characterizing the icing degree of the icing insulator string, step S2 is to perform an icing experiment on the conductor and the insulator in the same environment, and simulate the relation between the icing bridge connection degree of the insulator and the icing thickness of the conductor in different environments by adjusting the environment temperature and the water spraying amount in a climatic chamber.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for representing the icing degree of an icing insulator string is disclosed, wherein an insulator is connected with a lead, the lead and the insulator are subjected to an icing experiment in the same environment, and the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: measuring the ice coating thickness and the ice coating density of the lead;
step S2: converting the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge connection degree according to the icing density;
step S3: correcting the relative change rate of the icing bridge connection degree of the insulator by combining the type, the pollution degree and the operating voltage of the insulator in the operating environment;
step S4: and determining the insulator icing bridge joint degree according to the corrected relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge joint degree and the icing thickness of the lead, wherein the insulator icing bridge joint degree is determined by the product of the corrected relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge joint degree and the icing thickness of the lead.
2. The method for characterizing the icing degree of the icing insulator string according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when an icing experiment is carried out, the wire and the insulator are placed in a climatic chamber, and the relation between the icing bridge connection degree of the insulator and the icing thickness of the wire under different environments is simulated by adjusting the environment temperature and the water spraying quantity.
3. The method for characterizing the icing degree of the ice-coated insulator string according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the icing experiment is carried out, the relation between the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge joint degree under the charged condition and the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge joint degree under the uncharged condition is compared.
4. The method for characterizing the icing degree of the icing insulator string according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the icing experiment is carried out, the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge joint degree at the initial icing stage under the charged condition is similar to that under the uncharged condition.
5. The method for characterizing the icing degree of the icing insulator string according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when an icing experiment is carried out, the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge joint degree in the middle icing stage under a charged condition is different from the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge joint degree under an uncharged condition, and the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge joint degree is corrected according to various factors of the insulator surface contamination degree, the ice-coated water conductivity and the voltage level.
6. The method for characterizing the icing degree of the icing insulator string according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and when the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge joint degree is corrected, the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge joint degree under the charged condition can be accurately obtained by using the correction coefficient.
7. The method for characterizing the icing degree of the icing insulator string according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the correction factor is a function related to a plurality of factors including salt density, ash density, voltage and conductivity of the ice-coated water.
8. The method for characterizing the icing degree of the icing insulator string according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S2, the relative change rate of the insulator icing bridge height and the icing density are in a power function relationship.
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| RU2145758C1 (en) * | 1998-08-17 | 2000-02-20 | Новочеркасский государственный технический университет | Device for measuring ice and wind loads on overhead power transmission lines |
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