CN1061497A - Cutoff controlled dc converter - Google Patents
Cutoff controlled dc converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN1061497A CN1061497A CN 90105590 CN90105590A CN1061497A CN 1061497 A CN1061497 A CN 1061497A CN 90105590 CN90105590 CN 90105590 CN 90105590 A CN90105590 A CN 90105590A CN 1061497 A CN1061497 A CN 1061497A
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Abstract
Cutoff controlled DC converter is a kind ofly by semiconductor power switch direct current input to be transformed to the electric power conversion apparatus of direct current power output under another kind of voltage or the electric current, carries out the Instantaneous Control of deadline and peak current.In its electric current external characteristic district, then be reaction and the controllable current source that not influenced by mains fluctuations of high speed of a dead-beat overshoot; In its voltage external characteristic district, then be again a good controllable voltage source of the fast voltage regulation performance of frequency response.It is the demand of the usefulness electric loading of groundwork feature such as electric welding load that its output performance can satisfy well with the current characteristics, also is particularly suitable for many parallel connections to constitute the high-power device more than 10 multikilowatts.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of switch motion formula power conversion device, be meant that further a kind of nationality helps semiconductor power switch that the direct current input power is transformed to the cutoff controlled DC converter that direct current is exported under another kind of voltage or the electric current, comprise normal shock type direct current power conversion main circuit, semiconductor power switch drive circuit, current sensor and the control power supply of being with transformer.Semiconductor power switch can be any in power transistor, power field effect transistor, turn-off thyristor, insulation gate pole bipolar transistor and the band thyristor of forcing to turn-off facility etc.
Existing switch motion formula DC converter " welds as daily magazine " electronic technology " in March, 1989 number " Switching Power Supply monograph " and the former discipline six work literary compositions of daily magazine " electric calculating " rattan in February nineteen ninety
Use The Ru と " (application of welding inverter) contained; all be to be that basic point of departure has adopted and decides frequency pulse-width modulation (PWM) technology with the control output voltage; its essence is provides a controllable voltage source, and its control inherent characteristic can not satisfy with the current characteristics demand of the usefulness electric loading that is the groundwork feature well.
Purpose of the present invention, providing a kind of is the cutoff controlled DC converter of basic point of departure with the control output current, both can make controllable current source usefulness, can make controllable voltage source usefulness again, and particularly can satisfy the demand of the usefulness electric loading that is the groundwork feature well with the current characteristics.
The present invention finishes as follows: the control of output external characteristic is divided into control of current characteristics district and the control of voltage characteristic district, is provided with control circuit.The control of the following current characteristics section in current characteristics district is, in semiconductor power switch conduction period, when the electric current I that it flow through rises to I
* PASemiconductor power switch is ended, through t deadline
* EAAfter make its conducting again, the control of the last current characteristics section in current characteristics district is, in semiconductor power switch conduction period, when the electric current I that it flow through rises to I
* PBSemiconductor power switch is ended, through t deadline
* EBAfter make its conducting again.The control in voltage characteristic district then has two kinds of different modes.A kind of mode is, the control of the preceding voltage characteristic section in voltage characteristic district is, in semiconductor power switch conduction period, when the electric current I that it flow through rises to I
* PCThe time semiconductor power switch is ended, through deadline t
* EBAfter make its conducting again; The control of the back voltage characteristic section in voltage characteristic district is, in semiconductor power switch conduction period, when the electric current I that it flow through rises to I
* PCSemiconductor power switch is ended, through t deadline
* ECAfter make its conducting again.Another kind of mode is, the control of the preceding voltage characteristic section in voltage characteristic district is, in semiconductor power switch conduction period, when the electric current I that it flow through rises to I
* PCSemiconductor power switch is ended, through t deadline
* EBAfter make its conducting again; The control of the back voltage characteristic section in voltage characteristic district is, in semiconductor power switch conduction period, when the electric current I that it flow through rises to I
* PCSemiconductor power switch is ended, through t deadline
* EAOr t
* EBMake its conducting after (the two is used alternatingly) again.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
(1) in the current characteristics district of output external characteristic, owing to adopted wink value Current Control, output current can the rapid variation of follow current command value at high speed under dead-beat overshoot situation, its size of current is not subjected to the influence of change in voltage in input supply voltage and the load, and becomes a rather ideal controllable current source;
(2) in the voltage characteristic district of output external characteristic, owing to adopted the measure of a current source of error voltage control, thus proposed the response of frequency, improved voltage regulation performance;
(3) because the peak current of semiconductor power switch has been carried out definite control one by one, make that each device needn't design bigger allowance in the whole DC converter just can guarantee reliable operation, make the manufacturing cost reduction simultaneously;
(4) owing to corresponding each output voltage values, a definite electric current return difference is all arranged, thereby eliminated the subharmonic oscillation phenomenon;
When (5) increasing, the ON time of corresponding semiconductor power switch is reduced, thereby suppress the bias phenomenon of transformer effectively owing to magnetizing current when transformer in the main circuit;
(6) shape of output external characteristic constitutes, and is very flexible, can be varied, and as falling formula suddenly and subtracting streaming, also can constitute constant current easily and add outer formula, slow formula and the external characteristic such as L shaped of falling of dragging;
(7) can output frequency and the duty ratio rectangular current pulses waveform that all can freely change, also can export triangular wave or trapezoidal wave current time waveform easily, can also be in order to the elevation rate of control output current, i.e. the function of realization what is called " electronic inductor ";
(8), make many DC converter very simple and current-sharing is reliable at the composition of outlet side parallel running owing to possessed accurately and current controling characteristic fast.Can adopt the method for standard cell modular construction to form series of products like this from small-power to high-power different capabilities class, both reduced production cost, can adapt to the changeable demand in market neatly again, also make in addition the unit branch unload the portable type ultralight just product create reality.
The present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram;
Fig. 2 is the operation principle key diagram;
Fig. 3 is circuit structure schematic diagram deadline;
Fig. 4 is the circuit structure schematic diagram of first, second and third embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the circuit structure schematic diagram of the 4th, the 5th and the 6th embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the circuit structure schematic diagram of the 7th, the 8th and the 9th embodiment;
Fig. 7 is the circuit structure schematic diagram of the tenth embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the normal shock type direct current power conversion main circuit diagram of other band transformer of the present invention's application.
Referring to Fig. 1, CC is the control power supply, ZF comprises the current sensor of flowing through normal shock type direct current power conversion main circuit, semiconductor power switch drive circuit and the detection of being with transformer the semiconductor power switch electric current using, deadline, circuit SE then formed control circuit with current command circuit SI, and SE can be SE
1Or SE
2Or SE
3Etc. one in the different circuit structures, SI can be SI
1Or SI
2Or SI
3Etc. one in the different circuit structures, Q
LFor using electric loading, C
LBe Q
LLast institute shunt capacitance.V
+With V
-Be respectively the positive voltage and the negative voltage to public ground of the output of control power supply, K
1I
* 0Be current instruction value, K
1I is the output signal of current sensor among the ZF, V
2Be the voltage on the ZF output port XY, G
1With G
2For SE transports to the drive signal of semiconductor power switch drive circuit among the ZF, V
SFor voltage signal is SE at SE only also
2Shi Caiyong, the V of SE
2The signal input is SE at SE only
1Or SE
2Shi Caiyong.CS
2For detecting the current sensor (shunt resistance or Hall DC current sensor) that output current is used, CS
2And transport to the K of SE
2I
2Signal is SE at SE only
3Shi Caiyong.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 a is the circuit principle structure figure of ZF, GS
1～GS
4Be the semiconductor power switch drive circuit, in order to accept G
1～G
2Drive signal makes corresponding semiconductor power switch conducting or ends; CS
1Current sensor (AC current transformer or Hall AC current sensor) is in order to the flow through electric current of semiconductor power switch of detection, and its transformation constant is K
1, CS
1Output after over-current sensor annex FD full-wave rectification, obtain being output as K
1I; All the other of Fig. 2 a partly then constitute the normal shock type direct current power conversion main circuit of band transformer, are full-bridge type herein, and it is by inlet wire filter inductance L
0, inlet wire filter capacitor C
0, semiconductor power switch S
1～S
4, suppress overvoltage diode D
1～D
4, elementary umber of turn is N
1And the secondary winding number of turn is N
2* 2(mid-point tap formula) transformer T
1, output rectifier diode D
5～D
6And outputting inductance L
2Form, its output port is with X and Y mark.V
1Be direct-current input power supplying voltage, V
2Be the output voltage on the output port, V
SBe voltage signal, I is promptly the flow through electric current of primary winding of semiconductor power switch of flowing through, I
2Be output current.Winding terminal " " symbol is the polarity mark of winding among the figure.The semiconductor power switch drive circuit is a prior art; as carrying " best base drive of the switching transistor that adopts UAA4002 to constitute and protective circuit " literary composition referring to " external power electronic technology " the 4th phase in 1989 for power transistor; and for example, can carry " high-speed driver of switching mode power MOSFET " literary composition or the like referring to " external power electronic technology " the 1st phase in 1989 for the power field effect transistor.
For convenience of description, adopt I=(N
2/ N
1) I
2, V=(N
1/ N
2) V
2And L=(N
1/ N
2)
2L
2All formulas are transformed into primary side with the transformer secondary output parameter.Fig. 2 b is the oscillogram of electric current I, works as S
1And S
3(or S
2And S
4) during conducting (shown in shaded area among the figure), I is by valley point current I
rRise to peak current I
P, its ON time is t
G; Work as S
1And S
3(or S
2And S
4) when ending, I is by I
PDrop to I
r, be t its deadline
ENow ordering the electric current return difference is △ I=(I
P-I
r)/2(is promptly at t
EIn time, electric current I has changed 2 △ I), the average electric current I
0=(I
P+ I
r)/2 and operating frequency are f, then can be got by Basis Theory of Circuitry (can publish " transistor switch stabilized voltage power supply " book in 1985 referring to the People's Telecon Publishing House):
I
P=I
0+ △ I=I
r+ 2 △ I (1) formulas;
t
E=(2L △ IN
2)/(N
1V
2) (2) formula;
t
G=(2L △ I)/(V
1-V) (3) formula;
F=1/ (2 (t
3+ t
G)) (4) formula.
Now represent set point, as I with " * " mark
* PBe I
PSet point, △ I
*Be the set point of △ I electric current return difference, I
* 0Be I
0Set point, the rest may be inferred by analogy; Again with K
1I
* P, K
1I
* 0, and K
1△ I
*Note is made peak current command value, current instruction value and electric current return difference command value (K respectively
1Be CS
1The transformation constant of current sensor), then
I
* P=I
* O+ △ I
*Or K
1I
* P=K
1I
* O+ K
1△ I
*(5) formula;
I
* PA=I
* OA+ △ I
*Or K
1I
* PA=K
1I
* OA+ K
1△ I
*(6) formula;
I
* PB=I
* OB+ △ I
*Or K
1I
* PB=K
1I
* OB+ K
1△ I
*(7) formula;
I
* PC=I
* OC+ △ I
*Or K
1I
* PC=K
1I
* OC+ K
1△ I
*(8) formula.
K
1I
* OA, K
1I
* OB, K
1I
* OCBe respectively down the current characteristics section, go up the current instruction value in current characteristics section and voltage characteristic district, and total K that uses
1I
* ORepresentative.K
1I
* PA, K
1I
* PB, K
1I
* PCBe respectively down the current characteristics section, go up the peak current command value in current characteristics section and voltage characteristic district, and total K that uses
1I
* PRepresentative.I
* OA, I
* OB, I
* OCBe respectively down the current characteristics section, go up current characteristics section and voltage characteristic district average current setting value.And total I that uses
* ORepresentative.I
* PA, I
* PB, I
* PCBe respectively down the current characteristics section, go up the peak current set point in current characteristics section and voltage characteristic district, and total I that uses
* PRepresentative.Order simultaneously
K=(2LN
2)/(N
1) (11) formula;
t
* EC=t
* EBCorrection value (12) formula.
In the above-listed formula, V
2Be the voltage on the output port XY, V
2bBe the output port magnitude of voltage of following current characteristics section and last current characteristics section point of interface, corresponding value V with it
b=(N
1/ N
2) V
2b, V
2bValue is V
2Specified ceiling voltage V
2c(corresponding value V with it
c=(N
1/ N
2) V
2c) 5%～30%.
Following current characteristics section in the current characteristics district, V
2b＞V
2〉=0 and V
b＞V 〉=0 makes K
1I
* P=K
1I
* PA=K
1I(is I
* PA=I) and t
E=t
* EA,, can draw I by (1) formula, (6) formula, (2) formula and (9) formula
O=I
* OA+ (1-V
2/ V
2b) △ I
*, thereby work as V
2=0(V=0) time, I
0=I
* OA+ △ I
*=I
* PACurrent characteristics section in the current characteristics district, V
2C＞V
2＞V
2bAnd V
C＞V＞V
b, make K
1I
* P=K
1I
* PB=K
1I(is I
* PB=I) and t
E=t
* EB,, can draw I by (1) formula, (7) formula, (2) formula and (10) formula
O=I
* OBAnd △ I=△ I
*Preceding voltage characteristic section in the voltage characteristic district, V
2=V
2CAnd V=V
C, output current is continuous in this section, for V
2Be stabilized in V
2COn the value, adopt output voltage regulator automatically to current instruction value K
1I
* OBThe method of revising, and will be designated as K through revised current instruction value
1I
* OC, in this section, make K
1I
* P=K
1I
* PC=K
1I(is I
* PC=I) and t
E=t
* EBBack voltage characteristic section in the voltage characteristic district, V
2=V
2CAnd V=V
C, output current is interrupted in this section, and is the same with preceding voltage characteristic section, will be in order to stablize V
2Voltage and through output voltage regulator to K
1I
* OBCarry out revised current instruction value and be designated as K
1I
* OC, in this section, make K
1I
* P=K
1I
* PC=K
1I(is I
* PC=I) and t
E=t
* EC=t
* EBCorrection value, t
* EBCorrection value is with K
1△ I
*-K
1I
* OCDifference (under the discontinuous current situation, this difference for just) be that factor is to t
* EBCarry out to the augment direction correction, so that operating frequency does not have too much rising.
As an example, as make K
1I
* OA=K
1I
* OB=K
1I
* 01, its output external characteristic shape is then as shown in Fig. 2 c, in Fig. 2 c, ab is the following current characteristics section in current characteristics district, and bc is the last current characteristics section in current characteristics district, and cd is the preceding voltage characteristic section in voltage characteristic district, de is the back voltage characteristic section in voltage characteristic district, and I
* P1=I
* 01+ △ I
*Obviously change I
* OlComparing voltage value in the output voltage regulator in value and voltage characteristic district just can obtain different output external characteristics, among Fig. 2 c with being exactly an example shown in the chain-dotted line.
Referring to Fig. 3, in Fig. 3 a, A among the figure and E are linked, deadline, circuit SE was SE in the case
1, be characterized in K
1△ I
*Be normal value, SE
1By resistance r
16～r
41, capacitor C
15, diode d
15～d
19, transistor BG
15～BG
16, potentiometer WR
15, d type flip flop IC2～IC3(such as CD4013 type), operational amplifier IC4～IC7(such as TL084 type), with door IC10～IC12(such as CD4081 type) and comparator IC8～IC9(as the LM339 type) composition.Its course of work is as follows: by the defeated next K of current command circuit
1I
* O(K
1I
* OAOr K
1I
* OBOr K
1I
* OC) signal with IC7 be in the in-phase adder formed of core with potentiometer WR
15The K that sets
1△ I
*Behind the signal plus, obtain IC7 and be output as K
1I
* P(K
1I
* PAOr K
1I
* PBOr K
1I
* PC), the K that in IC9, comes again with Fig. 2 a
1I signal is compared, value semiconductor power switch conduction period, K
1I rises to and equals K
1I
* PThe time (I=I
* P), IC9 is output as " 1 " (adopt positive logic, below all with), makes IC2 set, and IC2-* is " 0 ", makes the output G of IC10～IC12
1, G
2, and the G drive signal be " 0 ", thereby the S among Fig. 2 a
1And S
3(or S
2And S
4) end, meanwhile IC2-Q is " 1 ", makes that one of them of IC10 or IC11 blocked in its output, and is G as the IC3 upset of phase splitter purposes
1With G
2Signal during for " 1 " (makes S
1And S
3Or S
2And S
4Continuity signal) set up condition at a distance of 180 electric degrees each other.Single drive signal G does not use herein, but as the standard universal circuit, for the normal shock type direct current power conversion main circuit of single-ended single hose and single-ended double hose is prepared.Generation as for deadline then is divided into three kinds of different situations.First situation is the following current characteristics section at output external characteristic, chooses (r
19v
+)/(r
18+ r
19)=(r
17v
26)/(r
17+ r
16), diode d
15And d
16Constitute the maximum output circuit, in the case d
15Conducting obtains IC4 after the anti-phase adder that its output process is the core composition with IC4 and is output as---(r
39v
+)/(r
18+ r
19) (promptly-(r
17v
26)/(r
17+ r
16)), carry out and diode d herein
17Last voltage drop addition is in order to compensate d
15(or d
18) on the error that pressure drop brought.Between the off period, IC2-Q is " 1 ", transistor BG at semiconductor power switch
16End, capacitance is C
15Capacitor C
15Started from scratch and charge, the output of IC5 linear rising of t in time promptly is (r
17v
26c
15)/((r
17+ r
16) r
24) t, when rising to WR
15Setting voltage K
1△ I
*The time, the IC8 action, its output " 1 " resets IC2, and IC2-Q makes the semiconductor power switch conducting for " 1 ", draws deadline
=((r
17+ r
16) r
24k
1△ I
*)/(r
17v
26c
15), choose parameter and make ((r
17+ r
16) r
24k
1)/(r
17c
15)=k then must be as the expression-form of (9) formula.Simultaneously IC2-Q makes BG for " 0 "
18Conducting, C
15Discharge, and get ready for move next time.Second kind of situation on output external characteristic the current characteristics section and before voltage characteristic section, diode d at this moment
16Conducting, with reference to the above-mentioned course of work, drawing in the case, be deadline
=K (△ I
*)/(V
2), promptly be the expression-form of (10) formula.The third situation is at back voltage characteristic section, K at this moment
1△ I
*-K
1I
* O＞0(K
1I
* O=K
1I
* OC), the IC6 that make to carry out subtraction just is being output as and with K
1I
0Minimizing and strengthen BG
15Make d thereupon entering magnifying state
16Output reduce gradually, promptly be with (K
1△ I
*-K
1I
* OC) signal is to t
* EBCarry out to revise, in the case deadline t
* EC=t
* EBCorrection value is shown in (12) formula.
In Fig. 3 a A and E are disconnected and A is communicated with F, deadline, circuit SE was SE in the case
2, be characterized in K
1△ I
*With direct-current input power supplying voltage V
1Be directly proportional, be used in V
1Change significantly that (occasion of for example fluctuation+20%-30%) is to suppress V
1The influence that variation brings operating frequency (seeing (2) formula and (3) formula).SE
2By resistance r
16～r
42, electric capacity c
15～c
16, diode d
16～20, transistor BG15～BG
16, potentiometer WR
15, d type flip flop IC2～IC3(such as CD4013 type), operational amplifier IC4～IC7(such as TL084 type), with door IC10～IC12(such as CD4081 type) and comparator IC8～IC9(as the LM339 type) composition.SE
2With SE
1Difference is to introduce the voltage signal V that Fig. 2 a comes
S, V
SBe (N for being amplitude
2/ N
1) V
1Pulse wave group, the discharge time constant that circuit is chosen capacitor C 16 makes it much larger than its charge constant, the result makes C
18Last voltage and V
1Be directly proportional thereby K
1△ I
*Also with V
1Be directly proportional.
Referring to Fig. 3 b, deadline, circuit SE was SE in the case
3, be characterized in K
1△ I
*Be normal value, SE
3By resistance r
85～r
100, capacitor C
85～C
88, potentiometer WR
85, diode d
85～d
86, time-base circuit IC85(such as ICM7555 type), comparator IC86～IC87(such as LM339 type), operational amplifier IC88～IC89(such as TL082 type), NAND gate IC90～IC91(such as CD4011 type), d type flip flop IC92(such as CD4013 type), and with IC93～IC95(as the CD4081 type) composition.Its course of work is: by the defeated next K of current command circuit
1I
* 0(K
1I
* OAOr K
1I
* OBOr K
1I
* OC) signal on the one hand with IC88 be in the adder formed of core with potentiometer WR
85The K that sets
1△ I
*Obtain K behind the signal plus
1I
* POutput is sent to and is gone among the IC86 and K
1I signal compares; On the other hand again with IC89 be in the subtracter formed of core with K
1△ I
*Obtain (K behind the signal subtraction
1I
* O-K
1△ I
*) output, be sent to again and go among the IC87 and K
2I
2Signal compares.For with K
2I
2The signal naturalization is chosen CS among Fig. 1 to transformer primary
2The transformation constant K of current sensor
2=(N
2/ N
1) K
1(thereby K
2I
2=K
1I).IC85 is " a 555 " time-base circuit commonly used, makes the semiconductor power switch conducting when IC85-3 is " 1 ", during for " 0 " it is ended, and its output forms G by IC90～IC95
1, G
2With the course of work of G drive signal then with Fig. 3 a in IC3 and the course of work of IC10～IC12 mutually roughly the same.Formation as for deadline then is divided into three kinds of different situations.First situation is the following current characteristics section (K at output external characteristic
1I
* O=K
1I
* OAAnd V
2b＞V
2＞0), value semiconductor power switch conduction period, IC85 is in SM set mode, and IC85-3 is " 1 ", C
85Be charged to (V
+-V
d) voltage, wherein V
dBe diode d
85K is worked as in pressure drop
1I rises to K
1I
* PThe time, (be I=I
* PA) output of IC86 becomes " 1 ", affacts IC85 is resetted, IC85-3 becomes " 0 ", and semiconductor power switch ends, and IC86 exports go back to " 0 ", while C
85Through r
100C is worked as in discharge
85On voltage reduce to V
+/ 3 o'clock, IC85 was set again, and getting deadline is C
85r
100/ n3 (1-(v
d)/(is v)), select C
85Capacitance and r
100Resistance value makes and equals k (△ I this deadline
*)/(V
2b) promptly be t
* EASecond kind of situation on output external characteristic the current characteristics section and before the voltage characteristic section work as K
2I
2=K
1Initial value K when I is ended by semiconductor power switch
1I
* P=K
1I
* O+ K
1△ I
*) drop to (K
1I
* O-K
1△ I
*) when being worth, (K
1I
* OAt last current characteristics section is K
1I
* OB, be K at preceding voltage characteristic section
1I
* OC), this time promptly is t
* EBAt K
2I
2Drop to (K
1I
* O-K
1△ I
*) time, IC87 output becomes " 0 ", diode d
86Conducting makes C
85Discharge rapidly, IC85 shifts to an earlier date set (because t
* EB＜t
* EA), the semiconductor power switch conducting, getting deadline is t
* EBAlso can turn back to find out at following current characteristics section, owing to t this moment
* EA＜t
* EB, do not wait until that also IC87 output becomes " 0 ", C
85Last voltage has discharged and has dropped to V
+/ 3, just with IC85 set.The third situation is at back voltage characteristic section (K
1I
* OC=K
1I
* OAnd V
2c=V
2), semiconductor power switch is at K
1I=K
1I
* PCIn time, end, but this moment, output current was alternately worked under the interrupted and continuous duty, this with mentioned in the past different, this is that the work characteristics of this circuit is brought.If electric current is operated in interrupted operating mode, then (K when beginning
1I
* O-K
1△ I
*)＜0 is because K
2I
2Can not so the output of IC87 is always " 1 ", and make that be t deadline for negative
* EA, but t
* EAThan required length, so the output voltage drop, in the current-order device, under the effect of output voltage regulator (back will add explanation), force K
1I
* OIncrease, circuit enters electric current continuous duty, at this moment (K
1I
* O-K
1△ I
*) 〉=0 makes that be t deadline
* EB, but t
* EBThan required weak point, be directed at output voltage and rise, again under the effect of output voltage regulator, force K afterwards
1I
* ODescend, circuit is got back to the discontinuous current operating mode again, and be t deadline
* EA, t like this
* EAAnd t
* EBBe used alternatingly, with output voltage V
2Remain on V
2COn.
Referring to Fig. 4, current command circuit SI is SI
1, be characterized in K
1I
* OA=K
1I
* OB=K
1I
* O1In Fig. 4 a with SI
1With SI
1Circuit made up and carried out external cabling by Fig. 1 and promptly constitutes first embodiment deadline; Class this with SI
1With SE
2Make up and promptly constitute second embodiment, with SI
1With SE
3Make up and promptly constitute the 3rd embodiment.In Fig. 4 b, SI
1By resistance r
1～r
10, potentiometer WR
1～WR
2, capacitor C
1～C
2, diode d
1, voltage-stabiliser tube W
1And operational amplifier IC
13(as the TL082 type) composition.Its course of work is: in following current characteristics section reaches the current characteristics section, because output voltage V
2Less than its set point (by W
1And WR
2Determine), so IC13 is output as high voltage, d
1Get clogged, the output of circuit is by WR at this moment
1Set, i.e. K
1I
* O=K
1I
* OA=K
1I
* OB=K
1I
* O1; In preceding voltage characteristic section and back voltage characteristic section, in order to keep V
2Stable, IC13 and peripheral components thereof carry out work with to current instruction value K as an output voltage regulator
1I
* OBRevise, this moment, it exported step-down, d
1In begin that current flowing is arranged, make the output K of circuit
1I
* O=K
1I
* OCOutput external characteristic under this control shown in Fig. 2 C, promptly so-called steep drop characteristic.
Referring to Fig. 5, current command circuit SI is SI
2, be characterized in K
1I
* OA=K
1I
* O2, K
1I
* OBFor with output voltage V
2By the function generator of independent variable is produced, promptly at the K of point of interface place of current characteristics section down with last current characteristics section
1I
* OB=K
1I
* O2, then along with V
2Rising and increase the K of point of interface place in supreme current characteristics section and voltage characteristic district linearly
1I
* OB=K
1I
* O3In Fig. 5 a with SI
2With SE
1Circuit made up and carried out external cabling by Fig. 1 and promptly constitutes the 4th embodiment deadline; Class this with SI
2With SE
2Make up and promptly constitute the 5th embodiment, with SI
2With SE
3Make up and promptly constitute the 6th embodiment.In Fig. 5 b, SI
2By resistance r
50～r
66, potentiometer WR
50, capacitor C
50～C
52, diode d
50～d
52, voltage-stabiliser tube W
50And operational amplifier IC14～IC15(is as the TL082 type) composition.Fig. 5 c is the output external characteristic under this control, and promptly what is called subtracts streaming.Its course of work is: diode d
50With d
51Constitute the maximum output circuit, current characteristics section (V under ab
b＞V 〉=0), select line parameter circuit value to make d
51End and d
50Conducting, process are to obtain circuit after the in-phase amplifier of core composition amplifies to be output as K with IC15
1I
* O=K
1I
* OA=K
1I
* 02, and I
* P2=I
* 02+ △ I
*; Current characteristics section (V on bc
C＞V＞V
2), select line parameter circuit value to make d
51Conducting and d
50End, at this moment the output K of circuit
1I
* O=K
1I
* OBThe initial value K that to order by b
1I
* 02And along with V=(N
1/ N
2) V
2Rising increase linearly, reach K during to the C point
1I
* 03The value in voltage characteristic district cde IC14 working condition then with Fig. 4 b in SI
1The IC13 working condition identical.IC15 among Fig. 5 b and its peripheral components substantially be one with V
2Be the function generator of independent variable, class this ought adopt multi-form Function generator can obtain all different output external characteristics, adds outer drag external characteristic, fall volt-ampere characteristic and L shaped external characteristic or the like such as constant current.
Referring to Fig. 6, current command circuit SI is SI
3, be characterized in K
1I
* OA=K
1I
* OBAnd, promptly in a period of time of one-period, make K for to be produced by the function generator of independent variable with time t
1I
* OA=K
1I
* OB=K
1I
* O4, in remaining time, make K subsequently with one-period
1I
* OA=K
1I
* OB=K
1I
* O5, so do periodically back and forth.In Fig. 6 a, with SI
3With SE
1Circuit made up and carried out external cabling by Fig. 1 and promptly constitutes the 7th embodiment deadline; Class this with SI
3With SE
2Make up and promptly constitute the 8th embodiment, with SI
3With SE
3Make up and promptly constitute the 9th embodiment.In Fig. 6 b, SI
3By resistance r
70～r
81, capacitor C
70～C
73, tunable capacitor C
74, diode d
70～d
73, voltage-stabiliser tube W
70, potentiometer WR
70～WR
72, switch SW, operational amplifier IC16(such as TL082 type) timely basic IC circuit 17(is as the ICM7555 type) composition.Its course of work is: when SW disconnected, IC17 and peripheral components thereof constituted a square-wave oscillator commonly used, but its duty ratio nationality potentiometer WR
71Regulate, but its frequency of oscillation nationality tunable capacitor C
74Regulate.In the current characteristics district of output external characteristic, when IC17-3 is " 1 ", d
70Be blocked the K of circuit output at this moment
1I
* O=K
1I
* OA=K
1I
* OB=K
1I
* O4; When IC17-3 is " 0 ", d
70Conducting, the K of circuit output at this moment
1I
* O=K
1I
* OA=K
1I
* OB=K
1I
* O5, so obtain the rectangular pulse current waveform shown in Fig. 6 c.In the voltage characteristic district of output external characteristic, with the switch SW closure, IC17 failure of oscillation, SI among the working condition of IC16 and Fig. 4 b at this moment
1The IC13 working condition of current command circuit is identical.Obviously adopt multi-form time function generator can obtain all different output current time waveforms, as triangular wave, trapezoidal wave or the like, also can the Control current elevation rate, promptly realize so-called " electronic inductor " function.
Referring to Fig. 7, this is to realize that on the basis of Fig. 1 two DC converter constitute the tenth embodiment, two public current command circuit SI(SI in the outlet side parallel running
1Or SI
2Or SI
3) and a control power supply CC, two each have circuit SE deadline mutually the same on line construction, and SE can be all SE
1Or SE
2Or SE
3, other is two ZF that each have normal shock type direct current power conversion main circuit, semiconductor power switch drive circuit and the current sensor of band transformer mutually the same on line construction.Imitative this and linked method can also be formed three or more number DC converter in the outlet side parallel running.
Referring to Fig. 8, this figure has enumerated the normal shock type direct current power conversion main circuit except other band transformers beyond Fig. 2 a, and (comprising current sensor and semiconductor power switch drive circuit), Fig. 8 a is a semibridge system; Fig. 8 b is the mid-point tap formula; Fig. 8 c is single-ended single hose, wherein T
1The tertiary winding N of transformer
3And rectifier D
1Be usefulness for the transformer core demagnetization; Fig. 8 d is single-ended double hose.CS among Fig. 8 b-8d in addition
1Current sensor adopts shunt resistance or Hall DC current sensor, only uses single drive signal G in Fig. 8 C-Fig. 8 d.Note: K
1With K in the accompanying drawing
1Synonym, K
2With k in the accompanying drawing
2Synonym.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of nationality helps semiconductor power switch the direct current input power to be transformed to the cutoff controlled DC converter of direct current output under another kind of voltage or the electric current, comprise normal shock type direct current power conversion main circuit, semiconductor power switch drive circuit, current sensor and the control power supply of being with transformer, it is characterized in that, the control of output external characteristic is divided into control of current characteristics district and the control of voltage characteristic district, is provided with control circuit; The control of the following current characteristics section in current characteristics district is, in semiconductor power switch conduction period, when the electric current I that it flow through rises to I
* PASemiconductor power switch is ended, through t deadline
* EAAfter make its conducting again; The control of the last current characteristics section in current characteristics district is, in semiconductor power switch conduction period, when the electric current I that it flow through rises to I
* PBSemiconductor power switch is ended, through t deadline
* EBAfter make its conducting again:
2, DC converter as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the control of the preceding voltage characteristic section in voltage characteristic district is, in semiconductor power switch conduction period, when the electric current I that it flow through rises to I
* PCSemiconductor power switch is ended, through t deadline
* EBAfter make its conducting again; The control of the back voltage characteristic section in voltage characteristic district is, in semiconductor power switch conduction period, when the electric current I that it flow through rises to I
* PCSemiconductor power switch is ended, through t deadline
* ECAfter make its conducting again; Control circuit by deadline circuit SE and current command circuit SI formed.
3, DC converter as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, deadline, circuit SE was SE
1, SE
1By resistance r
16～r
41, electric capacity c
15, diode d
15～d
19, transistor BG
15～BG
19, potentiometer WR
15, d type flip flop IC2～IC3, operational amplifier IC4～IC7, form with door IC10～IC12 and comparator IC8～IC9.
4, DC converter as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, deadline, circuit SE was SE
2, SE
2By resistance r
16～r
42, capacitor C
15～C
16, diode d
15～d
20, transistor BG
15～BG
16, potentiometer WR
15, d type flip flop IC2～IC3, operational amplifier IC4～IC7, form with door IC10～IC12 and comparator IC8～IC9.
5, DC converter as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the control of the preceding voltage characteristic section in voltage characteristic district is, in semiconductor power switch conduction period, when the electric current I that it flow through rises to I
* PCSemiconductor power switch is ended, through t deadline
* EBAfter make its conducting again; The control of the back voltage characteristic section in voltage characteristic district is, in semiconductor power switch conduction period, when the electric current I that it flow through rises to I
* PCSemiconductor power switch is ended, through t deadline
* EAOr t
* EBMake its conducting after (the two is used alternatingly) again; Control circuit by deadline circuit SE and current command circuit SI formed.
6, DC converter as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, deadline, circuit SE was SE
3, SE
3By resistance r
35～r
100, capacitor C
35～C
36, potentiometer WR
35, diode d
35～d
36, time-base circuit IC85, comparator IC86～IC87, operational amplifier IC88～IC89, NAND gate IC90～IC91, d type flip flop IC92 and form with a door IC93～IC95.
As claim 2 or 5 described DC converter, it is characterized in that 7, current command circuit SI is SI
1, SI
1By resistance r
1～r
10, potentiometer WR
1～WR
2, capacitor C
1～C
2, diode d
1, voltage-stabiliser tube W
1And operational amplifier IC13 forms.
As claim 2 or 5 described DC converter, it is characterized in that 8, current command circuit SI is SI
2, SI
2By resistance r
50～r
88, potentiometer WR
50, capacitor C
50～C
52, diode d
50～d
52, voltage-stabiliser tube W
50And operational amplifier IC14～IC15 forms.
As claim 2 or 5 described DC converter, it is characterized in that 9, current command circuit SI is SI
3, SI
3By resistance r
70～r
81, capacitor C
70～C
73, tunable capacitor C
74, diode d
70～d
73, voltage-stabiliser tube W
70, potentiometer WR
70～WR
72, switch SW, the timely basic IC circuit 17 of operational amplifier IC16 form.
10, as claim 2 or 5 described DC converter, it is characterized in that, two DC converter are in the outlet side parallel running, two public current command circuit SI and a control power supply, two normal shock type direct current power conversion main circuits that each have circuit SE deadline mutually the same on line construction, band transformer, semiconductor power switch drive circuit and current sensor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90105590 CN1024440C (en) | 1990-11-10 | 1990-11-10 | Cutoff controlled DC converter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90105590 CN1024440C (en) | 1990-11-10 | 1990-11-10 | Cutoff controlled DC converter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1061497A true CN1061497A (en) | 1992-05-27 |
| CN1024440C CN1024440C (en) | 1994-05-04 |
Family
ID=4879400
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90105590 Expired - Fee Related CN1024440C (en) | 1990-11-10 | 1990-11-10 | Cutoff controlled DC converter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1024440C (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1051658C (en) * | 1996-01-11 | 2000-04-19 | 米勒集团有限公司 | Series resonant converter, and method and apparatus for control thereof |
| AU2020229639B2 (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2023-03-02 | Giken Ltd. | Pile press-in device and pile press-in method |
-
1990
- 1990-11-10 CN CN 90105590 patent/CN1024440C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1051658C (en) * | 1996-01-11 | 2000-04-19 | 米勒集团有限公司 | Series resonant converter, and method and apparatus for control thereof |
| AU2020229639B2 (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2023-03-02 | Giken Ltd. | Pile press-in device and pile press-in method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1024440C (en) | 1994-05-04 |
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