CN106148699A - Utilize the method that red mud and lateritic nickel ore prepare iron-nickel alloy by-product activity mineral hot furnace grain slag - Google Patents
Utilize the method that red mud and lateritic nickel ore prepare iron-nickel alloy by-product activity mineral hot furnace grain slag Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method utilizing red mud and lateritic nickel ore to prepare iron-nickel alloy by-product activity mineral hot furnace grain slag, it is characterised in that: described method comprises the steps: step one, dispensing: include red mud, lateritic nickel ore, coke powder and lime in raw material；Step 2, mineral hot furnace reduction melting: the agglomerate that raw material step one being made into is made sends into reduction melting in mineral hot furnace; through pre-slag making, melt, reduce, complete slag sluicing system, form slag layer; slag is periodically released and through shrend or air-cooled granulation from cinder notch, obtains activity mineral hot furnace grain slag.Mineral hot furnace grain slag prepared by the present invention can use as the mixing material in cement production process, improves cement performance, regulation cement products kind and label, reduction production cost；Simultaneously can individually or with other concrete admixture raw material laminating production concrete admixtures, effective solution utilizes the recycling problem of the mineral hot furnace slag that red mud and lateritic nickel ore prepare iron-nickel alloy by-product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to portland cement and concrete production technology thereof and technical field of ferrous metallurgy, particularly to a kind of method utilizing red mud and lateritic nickel ore to prepare iron-nickel alloy by-product activity mineral hot furnace grain slag.
Background technology
Red mud is the residue formed after bauxite extracts aluminium oxide, rich in chemical constituents such as iron sesquioxide, silicon dioxide, aluminium sesquioxide, calcium oxide and sodium oxide in this slag.Often produce 1 ton of aluminium oxide, about produce 0.8-2.0 ton red mud.At present the whole world produces red mud about 90,000,000 tons every year, wherein, in state-owned nearly 30,000,000 tons of generations.The whole world only has the most least a portion of red mud to be integrated into utilizing at present, the overwhelming majority remains and is sent to that stockyard is outdoor stores up, both a large amount of soil had been occupied, consume substantial contribution, a large amount of spent lye is the most easily made to penetrate into neighbouring farmland, cause alkalization of soils, bogginess, polluted surface underground water source, endanger environmental and human health impacts.
Lateritic nickel ore be nickel content be 0.7-4.0 %, iron content is 10-50 %, and chromium content is the ore in sand form of 0.05-2.0%, can be used for producing rustless steel by its Development and Production nickel-contained pig iron.In existing process lateritic nickel ore technique, pyrometallurgical smelting is because having the advantages such as short, the technical maturity of flow process, it has also become the prevailing technology of smelting laterite-nickel ores.In terms of existing document, production and the research of lateritic nickel ore reduction melting production iron-nickel alloy are all only with lateritic nickel ore as primary raw material, implement with addition of reducing agent, flux and a small amount of additive, have not been reported the research optimizing its production technology by adding certain solid residue.
Producing the mineral hot furnace slag of the production production technology by-product of iron-nickel alloy with lateritic nickel ore for primary raw material reduction melting, have higher magnesium oxide and relatively low calcium oxide in its chemical composition, its potential hydration activity is relatively low.According to University Of Chongqing ten thousand report for work towards equalization " University Of Chongqing's journal " 2010 is first-phase, mechanical excitation can improve the activity itself of dilval mineral hot furnace slag, but it is not sufficient to the raising of whole gelling system comprcssive strength is had substantially contribution, still needs and take further activated measure；The old equality of Guilin University of Technology was reported in " concrete " fifth phase in 2014: be called that the cement of the mineral hot furnace slag micropowder equivalent substitution 50% of 445/kg carries out activity index contrast with specific surface area, result of the test shows, the activity index of 7 days of mineral hot furnace slag and 28 days is respectively 36.9% and 50.4%, illustrate that the pozzolanic activity of mineral hot furnace slag micropowder is poor, as need to strictly control during admixture its volume or with other compound admixtures.Horse open-births etc. have been reported to domestic and international nickel-iron smelting slag to show the present situation of pick up the heat and the progress of recycling in " China YouSe the is metallurgical " fifth phase in 2014, nickel-iron smelting slag mainly is used for producing rock wool, chemical fertilizer and bituminous concrete aggregate by the states such as Japan, and part is for the sandblasting raw material in shipyard；The former Soviet Union mainly uses it for producing inorfil；Greece also has as slag cements mixing material, concrete fine aggregate, Ceramic Material and the production etc. of fire proofing tile.China also has Some Enterprises to use it for preparing papermaking and insulation material.Greece also has and uses it for reporting for work of geo-polymer.Above-mentioned utilization ways fails to effectively solve the recycling problem of nickel-iron smelting slag, causes the present situation that existing nickel-iron smelting slag is stored up in a large number.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method utilizing red mud and lateritic nickel ore to prepare iron-nickel alloy by-product activity mineral hot furnace grain slag; target is to use to activate preposition technology; during nickel-iron smelting; by feed change and adjustment adjuvant kind and ratio; the hydration activity of nickel-iron smelting slag is greatly improved; promote nickel-iron smelting slag utilization during cement and concrete production thereof, solve the problem that nickel-iron smelting slag muck is deposited.
The present invention is achieved in that
A kind of method utilizing red mud and lateritic nickel ore to prepare iron-nickel alloy by-product activity mineral hot furnace grain slag, it is characterised in that described method comprises the steps:
Step one, dispensing:
Raw material includes red mud, lateritic nickel ore, coke powder and lime；The quality proportioning of red mud, lateritic nickel ore, coke powder and lime is:
Red mud: lateritic nickel ore: coke powder: lime=10-100:60-100:0-50:0-80；
Step 2, mineral hot furnace reduction melting:
Agglomerate that raw material step one being made into is made sends into reduction melting in mineral hot furnace, through pre-slag making, melts, reduce, completes slag sluicing system, form slag layer, and slag is periodically released and through shrend or air-cooled granulation from cinder notch, prepares active mineral hot furnace grain slag.
The residue that above-described red mud is formed after extracting aluminium oxide by bauxite；Described lateritic nickel ore be nickel content be the ore in sand form of 0.7-4.0%.
Above-described activity mineral hot furnace grain slag refers to have hydration activity, can use as manufacture of cement mixing material or concrete production admixture；Through the mineral hot furnace grain slag that quenching operation obtains, after shrend, the amount of glassy phase of mineral hot furnace grain slag is at 40-100%.
The mass percent of above-described mineral hot furnace grain slag chemical constituent is silica 1 0-40%, aluminium sesquioxide 10-40%, iron sesquioxide 1-25%, calcium oxide 1-60%, magnesium oxide 1-20%, surplus are other impurity.
The principle of the present invention is during nickel-iron smelting, adds another kind of calcium and the of a relatively high iron-contained industrial waste red mud of sodium content, the ferriferous raw material produced as ferronickel.The use of red mud, on the one hand solves the stacking problem of red mud, on the other hand improves nickel-iron smelting process, promotes slag sluicing system, and changes chemical composition and the mineral composition of nickel-iron smelting slag, improves the hydration activity of nickel-iron smelting slag；By feed change and adjustment adjuvant kind and ratio, in order to obtain higher hydration activity nickel-iron smelting slag, in addition to utilizing red mud and replacing lateritic nickel ore, the Ore that calcium oxide content is higher is introduced in proportion scheme, including limestone, quick lime etc., on the premise of not affecting nickel iron smelting process and product quality, properly increase the calcium oxide content of nickel-iron smelting slag, reach to improve the purpose of nickel-iron smelting slag hydration activity；Change the cooling technique of nickel-iron smelting slag, improve amount of glassy phase in nickel-iron smelting slag so that nickel-iron smelting slag hydration activity improves.
The present invention uses mineral hot furnace Direct Reductive Melting method, the materials such as red mud, lateritic nickel ore, coke powder, lime are added in dispensing, by comparing chemical composition and the characteristic of red mud and lateritic nickel ore, rational proportion, just can get more satisfactory basicity, thus plays reduction compound fusing point, make slag big with density metal difference, strengthening the mobility of metal and slag, beneficially slag separates with metal, the reduction roasting of strengthening lateritic nickel ore；Red mud and the addition of Calx, be greatly improved the hydration activity of nickel-iron smelting slag；By quickly cooling down granulation technique in cooling procedure, effectively raise the content of glass phase in nickel-iron smelting slag, serve the hydration activity improving nickel-iron smelting slag further, lay a good foundation for subsequent mechanical activation simultaneously.So, the method for the present invention is a kind of new technique being effectively improved nickel-iron smelting slag, and the recycling for nickel-iron smelting slag have found new outlet.
Compared with prior art, its prominent substantive distinguishing features with significantly progress is the present invention:
1, the preparation method is that during nickel-iron smelting, add another kind of calcium and the of a relatively high iron-contained industrial waste red mud of sodium content, the ferriferous raw material produced as ferronickel, the use of red mud, on the one hand solve the stacking problem of red mud, on the other hand improve nickel-iron smelting process, promote slag sluicing system, and change chemical composition and the mineral composition of nickel-iron smelting slag, improve the hydration activity of nickel-iron smelting slag.
2, the present invention by feed change and adjusts adjuvant kind and ratio, it is thus achieved that higher hydration activity nickel-iron smelting slag；In addition to utilizing red mud and replacing lateritic nickel ore, the Ore that calcium oxide content is higher is introduced in proportion scheme, including limestone, quick lime etc., on the premise of not affecting nickel iron smelting process and product quality, properly increase the calcium oxide content of nickel-iron smelting slag, reach to improve the purpose of nickel-iron smelting slag hydration activity.
3, the present invention is by changing the cooling technique of nickel-iron smelting slag, improves amount of glassy phase in nickel-iron smelting slag so that nickel-iron smelting slag hydration activity improves.
4, present invention reduces the consumption of josephinite resource, provide new utilization ways for effectively utilizing of red mud, improve the hydration activity of nickel-iron smelting slag, the scale utilization for nickel-iron smelting slag provides new method.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that utilize red mud and the lateritic nickel ore of the present invention prepare the process chart of by-product activity mineral hot furnace grain slag.
Detailed description of the invention
Utilize red mud and lateritic nickel ore to prepare by-product activity mineral hot furnace grain slag the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples to be further described.
Embodiment 1
The present invention utilizes the method that red mud and lateritic nickel ore prepare by-product activity mineral hot furnace grain slag, and wherein, described method comprises the steps:
1) raw material selected by is red mud, lateritic nickel ore and coke powder.The main chemical compositions of red mud and mass percent be: Fe2O3
32.96%、Al2O3 17.25%、CaO 14.73%、SiO2
12.81% 、Na2O 4.06%；The main chemical compositions of lateritic nickel ore and mass percent be: Fe 16.62%, Ni
1.70%、MgO 17.18%、 CaO
0.31%、SiO2 40.12%、Cr2O30.86%；Containing fixed carbon 65.02%, SiO in coke powder2
13.88% 、CaO 2.96%；CaO content in Calx is more than 95%, Na in sodium silicate2SiO3≥96%。
2) it is red mud according to mass ratio: lateritic nickel ore: coke powder: Calx: the proportioning of sodium silicate=100:60:10:8:3.4 carries out dispensing, makes dry agglomerate.
3) the dry agglomerate prepared by above-mentioned steps feeding 150kW mineral hot furnace is carried out Direct Reductive Melting; reduction temperature rises to 1450-1550 DEG C, slags tap after insulation 5-10min, cooling; preparing the amount of glassy phase 73.1% of activity mineral hot furnace grain slag, chemical composition and mass percent are SiO2 21.2%、Al2O3
29.4%、Fe2O3 8.7%、CaO 23.0%、MgO 2.7%、TiO2 4.2%、Na2O
3.9% and other impurity 4.8%.
4) the active mineral hot furnace grain slag of gained, through levigate, mix 40% replacement portland cement clinker in cement production systD, detects through activity coefficient, and the activity index of 7 days and 28 days is respectively 36.9% and 50.4%.
Embodiment 2
The present invention utilizes the method that red mud and lateritic nickel ore prepare by-product activity mineral hot furnace grain slag, and wherein, described method comprises the steps:
1) raw material selected by is red mud, lateritic nickel ore and coke powder；Main chemical compositions and the quality of red mud than proportion by subtraction be: Fe2O3
32.96%、Al2O317.25%, CaO 14.73%, SiO2
12.81%、Na2O 4.06%；Main chemical compositions and the quality of lateritic nickel ore than proportion by subtraction be: Fe 16.62%, Ni
1.70%、MgO 17.18%、 CaO
0.31%、SiO2 40.12%、Cr2O30.86%；Containing fixed carbon 65.02%, SiO in coke powder2
13.88% 、CaO 2.96%；Containing Na in sodium silicate2SiO3≥96%。
2) it is red mud according to mass ratio: lateritic nickel ore: coke powder: the proportioning of sodium silicate=20:80:10:2.4 carries out dispensing, makes dry agglomerate.
3) the dry agglomerate prepared by above-mentioned steps feeding 150kW mineral hot furnace is carried out Direct Reductive Melting; reduction temperature rises to 1550-1650 DEG C, slags tap, through water quenching cooling after insulation 5-10min; preparing the amount of glassy phase 92.7% of activity mineral hot furnace grain slag, chemical composition and mass percent are SiO2 16.9%、Al2O3
23.7%、Fe2O3 18.6%、CaO 13.4%、MgO 3.6%、TiO2 5.1%、MnO
2.1%、Na2O 1.9% and other impurity 5.3%.
4) the active mineral hot furnace grain slag of gained, through levigate, mix 40% replacement portland cement clinker in cement production systD, detects through activity coefficient, and the activity index of 7 days and 28 days is respectively 80.9% and 89.4%.
Embodiment 3
The present invention utilizes the method that red mud and lateritic nickel ore prepare by-product activity mineral hot furnace grain slag, and wherein, described method comprises the steps:
1) raw material selected by is red mud, lateritic nickel ore, limestone and coke powder；The main chemical compositions of red mud and mass percent be: Fe2O3
32.96%、Al2O3 17.25%、CaO 14.73%、SiO2
12.81% 、Na2O 4.06%；The main chemical compositions of lateritic nickel ore and mass percent be: containing Fe 16.62%, containing Ni
1.70%, MgO 17.18%, CaO
0.31%, SiO240.12%, Cr2O30.86%；Containing fixed carbon 65.02% in coke powder, SiO2
13.88%, CaO 2.96%；CaCO in limestone3Content is more than 97%, Na in sodium silicate2SiO3≥96%。
2) it is red mud according to mass ratio: lateritic nickel ore: coke powder: limestone: the proportioning of sodium silicate=10:100:5:9:1.8 carries out dispensing, makes dry agglomerate.
3) the dry agglomerate prepared by above-mentioned steps feeding 150kW mineral hot furnace is carried out Direct Reductive Melting; reduction temperature rises to 1550 DEG C, slags tap, through water quenching cooling after insulation 10min; preparing the amount of glassy phase 95.8% of activity mineral hot furnace grain slag, chemical composition and mass percent are SiO2 21.2%、Al2O3
29.4%、Fe2O3 8.7%、CaO 23.0%、MgO 2.7% 、TiO24.2%、Na2O3.9% and other impurity 4.8%.
4) the active mineral hot furnace grain slag of gained, through levigate, mix 40% replacement portland cement clinker in cement production systD, detects through activity coefficient, and the activity index of 7 days and 28 days is respectively 98.9% and 100.4%.
Embodiment 4
The present invention utilizes the method that red mud and lateritic nickel ore prepare by-product activity mineral hot furnace grain slag, and wherein, described method comprises the steps:
1) raw material selected by is red mud, lateritic nickel ore, coke powder, bentonite and limestone, and the main chemical composition of each raw material is as shown in table 1:
Table 1 each raw material main chemical (wt %)
| Title | Fe | Ni | SiO2 | CaO | Al2O3 | MgO | Na2O | Cr2O3 | Fixed carbon |
| Red mud | 18.88 | / | 10.04 | 15.90 | 16.21 | / | 2.56 | / | / |
| Lateritic nickel ore | 13.40 | 2.62 | 42.01 | 0.53 | 2.50 | 19.98 | / | 0.95 | / |
| Coke powder | 2.34 | / | 12.64 | 3.12 | 7.52 | / | / | / | 69.82 |
| Bentonite | 4.53 | / | 63.22 | 1.41 | 17.47 | 3.42 | 1.02 | / | / |
| Limestone | 0.05 | / | 2.15 | 52.40 | 0.62 | 2.38 | 0.13 | / | / |
2) it is red mud according to mass ratio: lateritic nickel ore: coke powder: bentonite: the proportioning of limestone=100:100:12:4:15 carries out dispensing, mix homogeneously, and with addition of suitable quantity of water, makes diameter with disc balling machine and be about after the pelletizing of 15mm through rotary kiln drying.
3) the dry pelletizing prepared by above-mentioned steps feeding 9000kw mineral hot furnace is carried out Direct Reductive Melting; reduction temperature is about 1600 DEG C; obtaining slag to cool down through air, prepare the amount of glassy phase 95.8% of activity mineral hot furnace grain slag, chemical composition and mass percent are SiO2
42.1%、Al2O3 15.2%、Fe2O33.6%, CaO 18.3%, MgO 15.3% and other impurity 0.7%.
4) the active mineral hot furnace grain slag of gained, through levigate, mix 40% replacement portland cement clinker in cement production systD, detects through activity coefficient, and the activity index of 7 days and 28 days is respectively 85.9% and 92.6%.
Mineral hot furnace grain slag prepared by the present invention is as the activation index of manufacture of cement mixing material:
| Embodiment | 7d activation index | 28d activation index |
| 1 | 36.9% | 50.4% |
| 2 | 80.9% | 89.4% |
| 3 | 98.9% | 100.4% |
| 4 | 85.9% | 92.6% |
Note: activation index is the quantitative target value of the potential hydration activity height that mixing material has, and this value is the biggest, shows that the activity mixing material is the highest.Concrete detection method is: add a certain amount of mixing material in P I type portland cement, the 28 days intensity levels recorded under the conditions of standard forming, maintenance and intensity detection and the percent value of identical P I type portland cement intensity.
The detailed description of the invention of embodiment described above, the only present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any change expected without creative work or replacement, all should contain within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain that claims are limited.
Claims (4)
1. one kind utilizes the method that red mud and lateritic nickel ore prepare iron-nickel alloy by-product activity mineral hot furnace grain slag, it is characterised in that described method comprises the steps:
Step one, dispensing:
Raw material includes red mud, lateritic nickel ore, coke powder and lime；The quality proportioning of red mud, lateritic nickel ore, coke powder and lime is:
Red mud: lateritic nickel ore: coke powder: lime
=10-100:60-100:0-50:0-80；
Step 2, mineral hot furnace reduction melting:
Agglomerate that raw material step one being made into is made sends into reduction melting in mineral hot furnace, through pre-slag making, melts, reduce, completes slag sluicing system, form slag layer, and slag is periodically released and through shrend or air-cooled granulation from cinder notch, prepares active mineral hot furnace grain slag.
The method utilizing red mud and lateritic nickel ore to prepare iron-nickel alloy by-product activity mineral hot furnace grain slag the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the residue that described red mud is formed after extracting aluminium oxide by bauxite；Described lateritic nickel ore be nickel content be the ore in sand form of 0.7-4.0%.
The method utilizing red mud and lateritic nickel ore to prepare iron-nickel alloy by-product activity mineral hot furnace grain slag the most according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: described active mineral hot furnace grain slag refers to have hydration activity, can use as manufacture of cement mixing material or concrete production admixture；Through the mineral hot furnace grain slag that quenching operation obtains, after shrend, the amount of glassy phase of mineral hot furnace grain slag is at 40-100%.
The method utilizing red mud and lateritic nickel ore to prepare iron-nickel alloy by-product activity mineral hot furnace grain slag the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the mass percent of described mineral hot furnace grain slag chemical constituent is silica 1 0-40%, aluminium sesquioxide 10-40%, iron sesquioxide 1-25%, calcium oxide 1-60%, magnesium oxide 1-20%, surplus are other impurity.
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| CN107382189A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2017-11-24 | 张聪聪 | Composite foam concrete plate and its production method |
| CN108034811A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-15 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | A kind of method for producing metallic nickel iron powder and diopside matter ground-slag |
| CN111295455A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2020-06-16 | 尤米科尔公司 | Method for recovering metals from cobalt-containing materials |
| CN111647793A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-11 | 广西大学 | Method for preparing nickel hard I-type cast iron by utilizing red mud to efficiently separate iron slag |
| CN113953076A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2022-01-21 | 福建省建筑科学研究院有限责任公司 | Method for improving grinding efficiency and activity of nickel alloy refining slag of AOD furnace |
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| WO2015015468A1 (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2015-02-05 | Louis Johannes Fourie | A ferronickel product and a process for its production |
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| CN107382189A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2017-11-24 | 张聪聪 | Composite foam concrete plate and its production method |
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| CN113953076A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2022-01-21 | 福建省建筑科学研究院有限责任公司 | Method for improving grinding efficiency and activity of nickel alloy refining slag of AOD furnace |
| CN113953076B (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2022-10-28 | 福建省建筑科学研究院有限责任公司 | Method for improving grinding efficiency and activity of nickel alloy refining slag of AOD furnace |
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