A kind of steel slag concrete
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of concrete construction technology, in particular to a kind of steel slag concrete construction technology belongs to building
Technical field of construction.
Background technique
In recent years, super high-rise building enters the stage of a rapid development, and skyscraper is rised sheer from level ground all over the world.It is true
Construction speed requirement is protected, super high-rise building relatively mostly uses " reverse construction " in based process, saves the work on critical circuits
The sequence time.Steel slag concrete is exactly a kind of extraordinary counterweight type concrete generated in such circumstances.Such concrete is to increase base
Plinth counterweight, instead of foundation construction uplift pile, to reach the purpose for saving the duration.
Steel slag is the waste residue generated in steelmaking process, and quantity is about l5%~20% of output of steel, the steel in China in 2013
Yield is 1,600,000,000 tons, is ranked first in the world.Due to the raising and development of steel production technology, a lot of steel slag is set to throw aside accumulation, no
Only become a big public hazards of pollution environment, and occupies a large amount of soils.
In order to adapt to the needs of development of iron & steel industry and sustainable development, in recent years, scientific research personnel gradually begins to focus on steel
The utility value of slag pays attention to the comprehensive utilization technique for studying steel slag, seeks number of ways and utilizes steel slag.And steel slag concrete is just
It is a kind of comparison effectively and can largely consumes the Land use systems of steel slag.In general, using steel slag instead stone as thickness
Aggregate bulk density can reach 2500~3000kg/m3, it is mainly used for structure weight and protection uses.Steel-slag is used to replace stone as collection
Material production weight concrete for protection environment, reduces project cost, turns waste into wealth, promotes Recycling Economy Construction with very
Important meaning.
In research of the prior art about steel slag weight concrete, Zhang Haixia et al. is " steel slag is as weight concrete collection
The research of material " tests in (" 21 century construction material " the 2nd 90-92 pages of phase in 2011) uses Steel-slag to replace stone as coarse aggregate
Steel slag concrete is prepared, the working performance, mechanical property and durability of the concrete are had studied.Pass through test and engineer application card
Bright steel slag concrete bulk density is in 3000kg/m3More than, compression strength, impermeability and frost resistance meet wanting for normal concrete
It asks, can be used as weight concrete use.The concrete saved the non-renewable resources such as stone, reduce production cost, become give up into
Treasured has good economic and social profit.But the amount wherein using cement and flyash is larger, and needs using high-quality
Sand as raw material, intensity is lower, and economy is poor.
Tu Wenmao et al. is in " steel slag microstructure and characteristic and its application study in concrete " (" concrete " 2007
11 phases of year) point out that the discharge amount of steel slag in current China's steel and iron industry is larger, but the utilization rate of steel slag is but well below other
Country.Preferably to utilize steel slag, it is necessary to fully understand the microstructure and characteristic of steel slag.Steel is had studied using optical microscopy
The Microstructural Features of slag and steel slag concrete have studied the aobvious of steel slag itself and steel slag concrete by microhardness tester
Microhardness replaces Aggregate to apply the Research foundation in terms of providing microstructure in concrete for Steel-slag.This article author is also
It is proposed steel slag in dusting area be influence steel slag intensity weak spot, the adhesive effect raising level for concrete of how bringing into play it is thin
Weak link is to improve the problem of steel slag concrete application intensity urgent need to resolve.
103819148 A of Chinese patent CN discloses a kind of steel slag concrete, by the cement of: 320~330 parts by weight,
The water of 175~185 parts by weight, the weight crystal sand of 1060~1070 parts by weight, the stone of 500~510 parts by weight, 795~805 weight
Part sintered balls, 15~25 parts by weight how series high-efficiency water-reducing agent, the swelling agent of 32~40 parts by weight, 85~95 parts by weight powder
Coal ash is made.Its steel slag concrete prepared has preferable intensity, and practicability is good, but weight crystal sand equal proportion used in it
It is difficult to further increase, utilization rate of steel slag is restricted, and the area of weight crystal sand, such steel slag are lacked particularly with certain engineerings
Concrete construction will be severely limited.
In addition, steel slag concrete is because porous surface characteristic water consumption is larger, and internal friction resistance is big, mobility
Difference, is not easy to pumping machine pumping construction, seriously constrain steel slag concrete can application range, be also unfavorable for project progress
It promotes.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome in the presence of the prior art, steel slag concrete structural strength is insufficient, steel slag surface is strong
The deficiencies of degree is weak, raw material proportioning limitation is big, Yi Hexing, poor fluidity, provides a kind of completely new steel slag concrete.Of the invention
Steel slag concrete carries out concrete preparation using the steel slag raw material of high accounting, and intensity with higher, general defect is few, most important
Be easily and property is good, mobility is good, meets pumping construction requirement, and the engineering of particularly suitable steel slag abundant raw material is regional.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides following technical schemes:
A kind of steel slag concrete, including the following raw material of parts by volume are made: 1100-1500 parts of steel slag stone, 80-120 parts of miberal powder,
1000-1400 parts of iron tailings sand, 200-250 parts of cement, 150-190 parts of water, 10-50 parts of flyash, 1-12 parts of water-reducing agent.
It is that weight concrete is made in the main component of steel slag concrete that the present invention, which selects steel slag masonry, because of the change of steel slag stone
It studies point similar to cement, tricalcium silicate (C is also contained in steel slag3S), dicalcium silicate (C2S), so clump weight has structure strong
Spend the feature higher, volume to weight ratio is big.But steel slag is compared with cement, C3The content of S is relatively low, and mostly with solid solution state
It is existing, C3FeO, MgO, Al have been dissolved toward contact in S2O3Deng, so that its hydration rate is slower than the tricalcium silicate in cement,
So much slower than cement of the hydraulicity of steel slag concrete, the material composition proportion by optimizing steel slag concrete can be
Improve the hydraulicity of steel slag concrete to a certain extent.In general, reach what design was wanted for weight concrete
Bulk density is most important, therefore the slightly decline of intensity is acceptable.
Further, the steel slag concrete raw material proportioning are as follows: 1200-1400 parts of steel slag stone, 90-110 parts of miberal powder, iron tailings
1100-1300 parts of sand, 220-240 parts of cement, 160-180 parts of water, 20-40 parts of flyash, 5-10 parts of water-reducing agent.By optimizing steel
The material composition of dreg concrete matches, and can significantly improve the hydraulicity of steel slag concrete, improves steel slag concrete balancing weight
Early strength.
Bulk density, the apparent density of steel slag stone are similar to barite, as weight concrete apparent density to concrete
Bulk density influences maximum.China's barite resources are concentrated mainly on south, and Guizhou Province accounts for national gross reserves one third, Hunan, wide
West occupies the whole nation second respectively.The few this resources of northern area, the especially serious rare barite class resource in Mongolia area, though
So it can be attained by design requirement from indexs such as weight, impermeability, freeze thawing resistances using barite, but due to increasing from price
A large amount of transportation cost.It is compared according to match ratio, the addition content of two kinds of materials is close, and steel slag stone unit price is 200 yuan/t, and weight is brilliant
Stone unit price is 400 yuan/t, so if doing weight concrete aggregate using barite in barite scarce areas, cost can be substantially
Degree increases.And barite is replaced significantly using steel slag stone completely in the present invention
Further, the steel slag concrete raw material proportioning are as follows: 1250-1350 parts of steel slag stone, 90-105 parts of miberal powder, iron tailings
1150-1250 parts of sand, 225-240 parts of cement, 165-178 parts of water, 25-38 parts of flyash, 6-9 parts of water-reducing agent.It is prepared
Steel slag concrete structural strength and the hydraulicity are moderate, and have good easy and property, mobility, meet pumping construction requirement.It is special
It is not when the steel slag concrete raw material proportioning are as follows: 1300 parts of steel slag stone, 100 parts of miberal powder, 1200 parts of iron tailings sand, cement 230
When part, 170 parts of water, 30 parts of flyash, 7.5 parts of water-reducing agent, it can realize that steel slag is mixed while reducing conventional concrete dosage
The pumping construction for coagulating soil, substantially increases the environmental protection characteristic of engineering, and guarantee that construction speed smoothly completes.
Further, the steel slag stone or iron tailings sand meet JGJ52-2006 " regular concrete sand, Shi Zhiliang and inspection
Test method standard " in II class technical requirements, fineness modulus is between 2.6~2.92.Selecting fineness modulus is in 2.6-2.92
Sand can effectively fill up the gap in steel slag stone, to improve the compactness of concrete, to increase intensity.And middle sand is especially suitable
Be not in the bad problem of fine aggregate filling effect for steel slag concrete, it is more coarse concrete will not to be crossed because of sand using amount
The defect in hole.
Further, the steel slag physical property are as follows: bulk density 3200-3320kg/m3, preferably 3270kg/m3, tight heap density
1650-1720kg/m3, preferably 1680kg/m3, normal pressure water absorption rate 4~5%.The main chemical compositions and silicate cement of steel slag
The chemical component of mud clinker and blast-furnace cinder is substantially similar, and bulk density is in 3250kg/m3Left and right is especially suitable for mixed preparing counterweight
Block concrete can accurately control the density of clump weight, be conducive to being precisely controlled for the bulk density of construction counterweight block.
Further, first aggregate is absorbed water in advance, is subsequently used for preparing steel slag concrete.It is effective to inhibit steel slag coagulation
The loss of slump of soil avoids because of the very fast Yi Hexing for influencing steel slag concrete of steel slag concrete slump missing, pumping.
Further, the slump of the steel slag concrete is greater than 160mm, preferably greater than 180mm.The slump is actually to apply
It is used to judge a standard of concrete construction workability quality in work, increases the mobility of concrete, be more advantageous to steel slag concrete
Automation pumping.
Further, the steel slag concrete bulk density is 2990-3100kg/m3, the steel slag concrete of high density ratio is more applicable
In clump weight, preferred steel slag concrete bulk density is 3000-3080kg/m3。
Further, steel slag concrete 28d compression strength of the invention should be greater than 30Mpa, be preferably capable of being greater than 35Mpa.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
It uses Steel-slag to prepare steel slag concrete as coarse aggregate for stone, counterweight and protective action can be played, it is each
Item index meets standard requirements, or even impervious, wearability of normal concrete etc. and is also better than normal concrete.Greatly
Amount had not only protected the resources such as yellow ground, stone, iron ore using steel slag, but also reduced pollution of the steel slag stacking to environment, protecting ecology.This
Outside, cost is also ad save, it is with good economic efficiency.
Specific embodiment
The mix calculation about counterweight type coagulation scholar there is no empirical equation, especially new material steel slag in the prior art
Standby weight concrete made of stones, it is 3000kg/m that design, which matches out bulk density,3Counterweight type concrete, there is no report.And certain engineerings
Area lacks barite coarse aggregate, and the New Building Materials such as steel slag stone, iron tailings sand are abundant, the present invention is directed to propose one kind is matched
Than reasonable, the excellent steel slag concrete formula of parameters.
Research can know that the apparent density of steel slag stone and iron tailings sand is larger with heavy aggregate and bulk density, and water and flyash etc.
Apparent density is smaller, how science adjustment steel slag concrete in each raw material match ratio, realize bulk density 3000kg/m3Above
Counterweight type concrete is Major Difficulties.Available data shows that the apparent density parameter of steel slag stone, miberal powder, iron tailings sand etc. is as follows
Table:
1 heavy aggregate of table and bulk density
Preliminary design steel slag concrete proportion is made of the following raw material of volume ratio: 1100-1500 parts of steel slag stone, miberal powder
80-120 parts, 1000-1400 parts of iron tailings sand, 200-250 parts of cement, 150-190 parts of water, 10-50 parts of flyash, water-reducing agent 1-
12 parts.The ratio of mud of test is determined according to the actual strength of the design strength of concrete and cement.Preparing steel slag concrete
Test in, using broken Steel-slag for stone as coarse aggregate, due to steel slag porous surface and coarse, therefore mixing steel slag coagulation
Water requirement when native is bigger than normal concrete.On the basis of steel slag concrete main innovation point be that cost is controllable, save work
Phase.
Fine aggregate need to be replaced using Steel-slag Sand or iron tailings sand when bulk density is relatively low, steel-making slag powder replaces as cementitious material
Part of cement;Since the apparent density of water is smaller, under conditions of ensuring workability, water consumption is reduced as far as possible to increase bulk density.
Under conditions of the identical ratio of mud, further by adjusting the sand coarse aggregate ratio of concrete, the workability of mix is observed, is surveyed
The 28d intensity for determining concrete, finds most suitable sand coarse aggregate ratio.Optimize the steel slag concrete raw material proportioning are as follows: steel slag stone 1200-
1400 parts, 90-110 parts of miberal powder, 1100-1300 parts of iron tailings sand, 220-240 parts of cement, 160-180 parts of water, flyash 20-40
Part, 5-10 parts of water-reducing agent.The stone in normal concrete is replaced with isometric steel slag stone, with isometric iron tailings sand or steel
Slag sand replaces the sand in normal concrete, is preliminarily mated steel slag concrete as steel slag concrete, after optimization easily and property slump
Degree makes moderate progress, preferable as weight concrete application effect.
In order to further increase the Yi Hexing of steel slag concrete, screening, the Steel-slag Sand or iron tail are optimized to raw material
Ore in sand form fineness modulus is between 2.6~2.92.Especially meet JGJ52-2006 " regular concrete sand, Shi Zhiliang and inspection
Method standard " in II class technical requirements.
Optimize the steel slag concrete raw material proportioning in repetition test are as follows: 1250-1350 parts of steel slag stone, miberal powder 90-105
Part, 1150-1250 parts of iron tailings sand, 225-240 parts of cement, 165-178 parts of water, 25-38 parts of flyash, 6-9 parts of water-reducing agent.This
Steel slag concrete structural strength and the hydraulicity under proportion is moderate, with good easy and property, mobility, meets pumping construction
It is required that.The pumping construction for realizing steel slag concrete, substantially increases the environmental protection characteristic of engineering, and guarantees that construction speed is smoothly complete
At.
Further, the preferably described steel slag concrete slump is greater than 160mm, and preferably slump is 160-200mm, newly mixes
The workability of steel slag concrete is good, tentatively meets pumping requirements.Slump-loss is very fast in, may be with steel slag water absorption rate
It is larger related, it is advantageous to the case where be that first aggregate is absorbed water in advance, solve the very fast disadvantage of loss of slump.Especially
The water suction in advance of steel slag stone is handled, because steel slag stone has porous structure, water imbibition is stronger, and being carried out pre-suction water process can
Effectively to inhibit the loss of slump of steel slag concrete too fast.As another preferable case, adopting iron ore tailings can also be inhaled in advance
Water.
As one of embodiment concrete condition, the water-reducing agent is polycarboxylic-acid, naphthalene system, phenalgin sulfonic acid system or melamine system
High efficiency water reducing agent.Preferably poly carboxylic acid series water reducer, poly carboxylic acid series water reducer volume is low, water-reducing rate is high, the slump is stable, meets
The pumping requirements of steel slag concrete.
As one of embodiment concrete condition, the cement is 42.5Mpa grades of ordinary portland cements.
Steel slag concrete of the invention meets concrete density in 3000kg/m3More than, meet batch production and pumping
It is required that.It can be used for construction site, play counterweight effect, it is as shown in the table as best preferable case of the invention.
2 steel slag concrete match ratio (kg/m3) of table
Below with reference to test example and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.But this should not be understood
It is all that this is belonged to based on the technology that the content of present invention is realized for the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments
The range of invention.Not specified percentage is weight percentage in the present invention.And for the steel slag in specific embodiment
Concrete carries out intensity, Yi Hexing, the slump (slump) test, analyzes best steel slag concrete proportion situation.
Embodiment 1-10
By II class technical requirements in JGJ52-2006 " regular concrete sand, Shi Zhiliang and test method standard " to original
Material carries out preliminary screening, the impurity component in rejecting steel slag ore, adopting iron ore tailings.Volume parts ratio weighs raw material according to the form below
It is configured to 1m3Steel slag concrete, the same normal concrete of steel slag concrete late maintaining.
3 steel slag concrete raw material components of table proportion
Number raw material |
Steel slag stone |
Miberal powder |
Iron tailings sand |
Cement |
Water |
Flyash |
Water-reducing agent * |
Embodiment 1 |
1500 |
120 |
1400 |
250 |
200 |
40 |
10 |
Embodiment 2 |
1100 |
80 |
1100 |
220 |
180 |
20 |
12 |
Embodiment 3 |
1200 |
110 |
1300 |
240 |
150 |
50 |
9 |
Embodiment 4 |
1400 |
90 |
1000 |
225 |
160 |
10 |
10 |
Embodiment 5 |
1300 |
100 |
1200 |
230 |
170 |
30 |
7.5 |
Embodiment 6 |
1250 |
105 |
1150 |
200 |
165 |
25 |
5 |
Embodiment 7 |
1350 |
90 |
1200 |
225 |
178 |
38 |
6 |
Embodiment 8 |
1320 |
102 |
1250 |
230 |
160 |
40 |
8 |
Embodiment 9 |
1320 |
100 |
1300 |
235 |
170 |
35 |
7 |
Embodiment 10 |
1270 |
97 |
1320 |
235 |
165 |
38 |
8 |
* embodiment 1-3 is poly carboxylic acid series water reducer, and embodiment 4-8 is naphthalene water reducer, and embodiment 9-10 is phenalgin sulfonic acid
Based water reducer.
* the iron tailings sand of embodiment 4-10 meets JGJ52-2006 " regular concrete sand, Shi Zhiliang and the method for inspection
Standard " in II class technical requirements, fineness modulus is between 2.6~2.92.
According to GB/T50080 " Standard for test methods of properties of ordinary concrete mixture standard " and " normal concrete mechanical property
Test method standard " respectively measure concrete the slump, 7d and 28d compression strength, flexural strength, concrete outcome such as following table,
Intensity results are able to satisfy design and construction requirement.
4 embodiment steel slag concrete strength test results of table
The main raw material(s) that steel slag concrete bulk density 3000kg/m3 steel slag weight steel slag concrete of the invention uses is steel slag
Stone, miberal powder and iron tailings sand, the steel slag concrete workability being configured to is good, can reach pumping requirements.Pump steel slag weight steel slag
The construction technology of concrete and curing requirements and common large volume steel slag concrete are essentially identical.Counterweight is needed especially suitable for bottom plate
Position, it is suitable for pumping construction requirement that folk prescription steel slag concrete water consumption, which is suitable for, the ratio of mud is also less big.
Comparative example 1-5
The steel slag concrete than comparative example 1-5 is prepared by mode identical with embodiment, only the volume parts ratio of raw material
Such as shown in following table.
5 comparative example steel slag concrete raw material proportioning of table
Number raw material |
Steel slag stone |
Miberal powder |
Iron tailings sand |
Cement |
Water |
Flyash |
Water-reducing agent * |
Weight crystal sand |
Sintered balls |
Comparative example 1 |
1500 |
100 |
900 |
250 |
200 |
140 |
10 |
- |
- |
Comparative example 2 |
900 |
120 |
500 |
180 |
210 |
0 |
4 |
500 |
- |
Comparative example 3 |
1200 |
60 |
1300 |
300 |
200 |
20 |
5 |
- |
- |
Comparative example 4 |
1200 |
40 |
1000 |
280 |
220 |
10 |
5 |
- |
- |
Comparative example 5 |
500 |
- |
- |
320 |
180 |
90 |
20 |
1050 |
800 |
Comparative example 6 |
550 |
100 |
300 |
100 |
85 |
- |
10 |
200 |
50 |
The slump to the steel slag concrete being prepared, compression strength, flexural strength are subjected to test analysis, as a result seen
Following table.
6 comparative example steel slag concrete test result of table
Number parameter |
Slump mm |
7d compression strength Mpa |
28d compression strength Mpa |
Flexural strength Mpa |
Comparative example 1 |
150 |
25.3 |
36.3 |
3.8 |
Comparative example 2 |
145 |
17.8 |
28.6 |
3.0 |
Comparative example 3 |
165 |
24.6 |
35.6 |
3.8 |
Comparative example 4 |
155 |
20.2 |
30.0 |
3.1 |
Comparative example 5 |
150 |
25.3 |
36.8 |
4.0 |
Comparative example 6 |
160 |
25.7 |
38.3 |
3.5 |
7d, 28d compression strength for measuring concrete respectively according to " standard for test methods of mechanical properties of ordinary concrete ", collapse
Degree of falling and flexural strength parameter.The result shows that although the steel slag concrete intensity of comparative example 1-6 basically reaches general concrete water
It is flat, but the slump is bad, and easy and property and pumping are poor, are not able to satisfy rapid construction requirement, are unfavorable for promoting and applying.