CN1061428C - Equipment for refuse incineration and using heat energy - Google Patents
Equipment for refuse incineration and using heat energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN1061428C CN1061428C CN 93119266 CN93119266A CN1061428C CN 1061428 C CN1061428 C CN 1061428C CN 93119266 CN93119266 CN 93119266 CN 93119266 A CN93119266 A CN 93119266A CN 1061428 C CN1061428 C CN 1061428C
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- combustion chamber
- pipe
- grid
- rubbish
- air
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a device for incinerating garbage and recovering heat energy, which is composed of a first combustion chamber and a second combustion chamber, wherein the top end of the first combustion chamber is provided with a receiving and storing pit of a garbage distributing device and garbage conveyed by a conveyer, and a plurality of extruding devices and pipe grids are arranged in the first combustion chamber; the bottom end of each pipe grid is provided with a garbage roller and a furnace bed of which the bottom is provided with an air distributing pipe; the side wall of a screw conveyer at the bottom end of the first combustion chamber is provided with a nozzle connected with an oil pipe of an oil pump to a fuel oil tank; the second combustion chamber is communicated with the first combustion chamber through a combustion gas passage, a high-pressure superheated steam heater 22 and a high-pressure saturated steam generator 23 are arranged in the second combustion chamber; the pipe grids are hollow pieces, and are arrayed horizontally or vertically; by filling condensed water, the pipe grids can be prevented from being incinerated under the condition of high temperature. By using the device, the heat energy recovery rate can be increased, and fuel can be saved.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of waste incineration and thermal recovery unit, belong to the technical field of garbage disposal burning facility.
The processing of current waste material is to be recovered as main direction with resource, and rubbish mainly is heat resource, and the recovery that therefore improves resource is a main target, could quicken the control of garbage public nuisance.Existing garbage incinerating system, rubbish unloads in siege to be put, bubbling air, but rubbish still be humidity can not be rapid fire burns, the combustion gas temperature that produces when incinerating in addition is higher than air, but density is smaller than air, in case leave after the siege, can not return siege again, in the combustion gas remaining oxygen seldom can with the rubbish catalytic combustion, when therefore burning higher air excess ratio is arranged, can't reduce, also be difficult to improve the combustion gas temperature.
Needed air excess ratio during fuel combustion, except the degree that is subjected to water content number and burning easily influences, also depend on and whether can fully contact with air, fuel and air contact area are bigger, more even, and its property is inflammable again, and water content is few again, required air is superfluous more littler than just, otherwise if contact area is less, inflammability relatively poor again (ignition point is higher), the so required air excess ratio of water content height is just healed big.
For example natural gas can mix rapidly with air in stove, and contact area is also bigger, and natural gas is very easily burning again, and water content not is so as long as the air excess that burns required makes burning fierce than 1.08 just enough.Contain volatile materials as for coal, also very easily burning, water content is also few, but it forms bulk, and just smaller with the air contact area, so required air is superfluous than higher a little about about 1.25.Though bagasse easy firing and for example, shape is loose, reach 45% with the also big water content of air contact area, so unload be placed on after the siege must through after a while could be dry, catch fire, so the burning required air is superfluous than being about about 1.5, modern bagasse boiler is all protected the dress distributed mode and is added material machine (spreadsr Stocker), bagasse enters boiler and intersperses among in the combustion chamber soon, contact just dry rapidly when slowly descending with the air-flow of rising, as soon as bagasse falls within on the siege, just immediately fire burns, so required air excess ratio is also reduced to about 1.25.
Contain combustible in the rubbish, its inflammability is also similar with bagasse with loose shape, water content is higher, the required air excess that burns is just more higher than also, the comprehensive rubbish in general area, LHV1782 kilocalorie/kilogram, wherein combustible accounts for 20%, water content 56%, this rubbish incinerates in traditional incinerator, and the air excess ratio is about 2.0, during the moist incineration of garbage, it just surrounds the thin rubbish wall of height for grid institute of battalion hurdle after clamp-oning first combustion chamber, oven dry was just unloaded on siege after 1-2 hour in stove more than 1000 ℃, so in a single day rubbish contact just fierce burning with air on siege, the air excess ratio can be reduced to about 1.3, after combustion gas is risen by siege in addition, contact with the very big rubbish wall of area again, the residue oxygen in the combustion gas partly combines burning with rubbish again, the air excess ratio is reduced to about 1.2, made the combustion gas temperature thereby increase.
Usually combustion gas humidity is higher, and heat energy is converted to mechanical energy in the steam power electricity generation system, and the electric energy ratio is just higher, general coal combustion, the thermal power generation of oil, natural gas, the combustion gas temperature is (2800 °F) up to 1540 ℃, and thermal power transfer is that the ratio of electric energy is about 40%.The combustion gas temperature that common waste incineration is given birth to is approximately 850 ℃, and thermal power transfer reduces to 20% for the electric energy ratio, and the gentle heat energy of the combustion gas that general incinerator produces changes ratio again with corresponding reduction.
The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of waste incineration and heat freight volume suitable device, it can remedy above-mentioned deficiency, can increase time that rubbish dries and the chance that contacts with combustion gas in the combustion chamber, required air excess ratio can descend significantly when making incineration, the combustion gas temperature is raise, and can improve energy recovery.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, a kind of waste incineration and thermal recovery unit, mainly form by first combustion chamber 1 and second combustion chamber 2, there is a rubbish distributor 11 on 1 top, first combustion chamber and pushes device 12, its below is provided with pipe grid 13, pipe grid bottom is respectively equipped with rubbish cylinder 14 and siege 15, air distribution 16 is equipped with in the siege bottom, also there is conveying worm 17 bottom, first combustion chamber, combustion chamber 1 lower wall has nozzle 18, be connected with oil pipe 183 with the oil pump 183 before the burning oil groove 181, second combustion chamber 2 is connected with first combustion chamber 1 by burning gallery 5, the indoor air preheater 21 that is equipped with, the outside is connected with contrary wind machine 211, the other end of preheater 21 joins with the air distribution 16 in the air delivery pipe 212 and first combustion chamber 1 again, air delivery pipe 212, steam condenser pipe 223, condensed water holds groove 224, turbine 222 and motor are all outside the combustion chamber, one end of high pressure superheated steam heater 22 is connected with turbine 222 by outside high-pressure steam pipe 221, turbine 222 joins with generator 6 again, the other end of generator 6 and steam condenser pipe 223 join, receive condensed water again and hold groove 224, pipe fitting with condensate output transistor 225 and pipe grid 13 bottoms is connected again, the pipe fitting of managing grid 13 tops in addition joins with boiler feed pipe 231 and high pressure water feeding pump for boiler 232, joins with high-pressure saturated steam generator 23 again.
Pipe grid 13 are formed by the hollow pipe fitting line of ganging up.
Described pipe grid are arranged the longitudinal surface that forms and can be tilted perpendicular to the ground or a little.
The schematic diagram of Fig. 1 waste incineration and thermal recovery unit.
Now in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the structure of waste incineration and thermal recovery unit is described in detail.
Mainly form by first combustion chamber and second combustion chamber, locate above the siege in first combustion chamber, arrange or erect arrangement with the iron pipe of ganging up (or stainless steel tube) line and form the pipe grid, passing to condensed water in the pipe destroys unlikely being heated of pipe grid cooling by fire, rubbish distributor 11 is equipped with on top, first combustion chamber, rubbish is imported by garbage conveyor by the storage hole, top is equipped with several and is pushed device and be provided with rubbish cylinder and siege in pipe grid bottom, the siege bottom is equipped with bottom, air distribution combustion chamber again conveying worm, and first sidewall of combustion chamber has nozzle to be connected to the combustion oil groove mutually with the oil pump oil pipe.
Second combustion chamber communicates with first combustion chamber with burning gallery, indoor have an air preheater, join with pressure fan and air delivery pipe, also has the high pressure superheated steam heater, with high-pressure steam pipe and turbine, generators etc. are connected, and connect the high groove of condensed water in addition again and join, and stretch with pipe grid lower tube with efferent duct to be connected.
By Fig. 1, waste incineration and using heat energy equipment mainly are made up of first combustion chamber 1 and second combustion chamber;
First combustion chamber, 1 major part is built in below the ground level, and its top is a rubbish distributor 11, is used for accepting by storing the rubbish that hole 4 transports by the rubbish transveyer; Also have several to push device 2, to be provided with pipe grid 13 these pipe grid 13 under the device 12 be to gang up the iron pipe of hollow or stainless steel tube is transversely arranged or vertical array is formed pushing, there is condensed water to pass through in the pipe, and 13 formed of the arrangements of pipe grid can be perpendicular to the ground or skewed a little, in 1 bottom, first combustion chamber, air distribution 16 is equipped with in the bottom of just managing grid 13, with the bottom of a combustion chamber conveying worm 17 is housed also simultaneously, the sidewall of combustion chamber 1 has nozzle 18, and the oil pump 182 before nozzle 18 and the burning oil groove 181 is connected with oil pipe 183.
The effect of the 2nd combustion chamber 2 is to make the sub-black smoke of carbon granule that is produced by first Room can be in the long time of indoor delay, it can be incinerated fully, the position of general second combustion chamber 2 is higher, can be arranged at above the ground level, and be connected with first combustion chamber and the burning facility of the 2nd combustion chamber 2 is also the same with the general high voltage boiler by burning gallery 5, air preheater 21 is housed in second combustion chamber, its outside is connected with pressure fan 211 again, the other end joins with the air distribution 16 in the air delivery pipe 212 and first combustion chamber 1, forms an air delivery pipe road;
One end of high pressure superheated steam heater 22 is connected with turbine 222 with high-pressure steam pipe 221 again, turbine 222 is connected with generator 6 on the one hand, join with stram condenser 223 again on the other hand, be switched to condensed water with pipeline again and hold groove 224, pipe fitting with condensate output transistor 225 and pipe grid 13 bottoms is connected again, the pipe fitting of managing grid 13 tops in addition joins with boiler feed pipe 231 and high pressure water feeding pump for boiler 232, join with high-pressure saturated steam generator 23 again, form the pipeline of boiler feedwater, steam and a using heat energy thus;
Be provided with flue box 24 in the back of second combustion chamber 2, this flue box is connected in smoke evacuation scrubbing tower 7 and chimney 8 with flue 24 again.The pipe grid have condensed water by playing cooling effect, make that body is unlikely to be destroyed by fire, the hurdle that enters the managed grid of rubbish of first combustion chamber encloses, form high and thin rubbish wall, unlikely avalanche, put the rubbish device unloading between pipe grid and the siege and will in the pipe grid, be detained the rubbish that just dropped to later pipe grid bottom in 1-2 hour and unload to be placed on and incinerate on the siege, so the required air of very dry the incinerations burning of rubbish at this moment is superfluous than being about 1.3 with regard to enough.The burning required air is by the supply of siege bottom, incinerating the combustion gas that produces rises, change the blast tube and second combustion chamber over to, because first combustion chamber is very high, the area that the rubbish wall constitutes is also very big, on combustion gas during current downflow, make rubbish dry rapidly, and also have 30% superfluous oxygen to also have chance to participate in burning in the combustion gas, be lower than 1.2 so the burning required air is superfluous than dropping to, fuel gas temperature is risen significantly, and the thermal efficiency that also can improve the steam power electricity generation system also can increase substantially, thereby has improved energy recovery.
When beginning to incinerate, starting conveyer 3 earlier is transported to the rubbish in the storage hole 4 in the rubbish distributor 11, rubbish is unloaded fifty-fifty be placed on several and push in the device 12, rubbish is through just entering equably after pushing in the pipe grid 13 in first combustion chamber 1, when rubbish piles with, make condensed water hold the condensed water of groove 224 by condensate output transistor 14 inflow pipe grid 13, and start pressure fan 211, make air enter the air distribution 16 of siege 15 bottoms through preheater 21 and air delivery pipe 212, start oil pump 182 then, the fuel oil pressurization is sprayed in the stove through oil pipe 183 nozzles 18, igniting is ignited again, (fuel oil is when beginning to incinerate, auxiliary combustion just can stop after about 2 hours), and rotary drum 14 and siege 15, making rubbish unload gradually to be placed on above the siege burns, remaining ashes change conveying worm 17 again over to and send outside the stove, and incinerate the high-temp combustion gas that is produced of burning because density is low rapidly by rising on the siege position, enclose the rubbish wall that forms with pipe grid 13 hurdles on the way and produce repeatedly that collision contacts, rising to upper end, first combustion chamber rubbish again pushes near the device 12, pushing in the device and being provided with enough spaces to allow combustion gas again toward rising, so combustion gas is after getting over rubbish wall upper end, limit, pass through combustion gas passage 5 with regard to turning back toward descending, so just enter the water in the 2 heating high-pressure saturated steam generators 23 of second combustion chamber, and behind the high steam in the high pressure superheated steam heater 22, its temperature descends significantly, enter again in the flue box 24 in the body of heater, after the air in the heating air preheater 21, temperature drops to about 280 ℃ approximately, become flue gas, enter after smoke evacuation washs tower 7 washing via flue 24, dump away by chimney 8 again.
Condensed water enters the pipe grid 13 that two Liu gang up from condensate output transistor 225, making the pipe grid cool off not reason rapidly is subjected to the invasion and attack of high-temp combustion gas and causes and destroy by fire, condensed water raises with the cooling degree significantly by pipe grid 13, after boiler feed pipe 231 and high pressure water feeding pump for boiler 232, can enter high-pressure saturated steam generator 23 back that is heated and become the inner high voltage saturated vapor, when flowing through high pressure superheated steam heater 22 again, just become high-temperature high-pressure overheat steam, after entering turbine 232 pushing generators 6 generating steam expansions acting by high-pressure steam pipe 221 then, high pressure superheated steam becomes low-pressure steam and is discharged and entered in the off-gas condenser 223 by turbine 222, become condensed water again through condensation, hold groove 224 and come together in condensed water, with supply cooling tube grid 13 and the required feedwater in second combustion chamber.
Air is to be conveyed into air preheater 21 by pressure fan 211, after 200 ℃ of the preheating masters of combustion gas or flue gas, the air distribution 16 that imports siege 15 bottoms by air delivery pipe 212 makes air can be supplied on the siege 15 fifty-fifty again, because temperature is very high in the stove, and it is very dry to unload the rubbish that is put on the siege 15, so when air enters in the stove, combine with rubbish on the siege 15 immediately, play fierce combustion effect.
The structure of pipe grid can make rubbish enter before the siege incineration, through fully dry, the combustion gas temperature is improved significantly earlier, thereby the increase energy recovery, even rubbish need not used auxiliary fuel than humidity yet.Pipe grid 12 arrange that the high rubbish wall of healing has been piled up more height and drying garbage is promptly lower, the combustion gas temperature is higher, in addition, the pipe grid are arranged more to tilt to siege, when combustion gas rises or descends and rubbish metope collision opportunity more, remaining oxygen combines combustor with rubbish can be also many, and the combustion gas temperature is improved thereupon.
Compared with prior art, waste incineration and using heat energy equipment have following advantages.
1, pipe grid structure makes sanitary fill become high and thin rubbish wall, and unlikely subsiding descends in regular turn, Increase drying time and the chance that contacts with combustion gas, make burning required superfluous than reducing, improve combustion Burn the temperature degree, increase energy recovery.
2, pipe has condensed water to pass through in the grid, and the unlikely high temperature that is subjected to of pipe grid is destroyed by fire, simultaneously condensed water intensification with After enter the high-pressure saturated steam generator and stand steam heater and can become the high pressure-temperature superheated steam and can advance Enter turbine, the pushing generator generating takes full advantage of its heat energy.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of waste incineration and thermal recovery unit mainly are made up of first combustion chamber (1) and second combustion chamber (2), it is characterized in that:
There is a rubbish distributor (11) on top, first combustion chamber (1) and pushes device (12), its below is provided with pipe grid (13), pipe grid bottom is respectively equipped with rubbish cylinder (14) and siege (15), air distribution (16) is equipped with in the siege bottom, also there is conveying worm (17) bottom, first combustion chamber, combustion chamber (1) lower wall has nozzle (18), the oil pump (183) preceding with burning oil groove (181) is connected with oil pipe (183), second combustion chamber (2) is connected with first combustion chamber (1) by burning gallery (5), the indoor air preheater (21) that is equipped with, the outside is connected with contrary wind machine (211), the other end of preheater (21) joins with the air distribution 16 in air delivery pipe 212 and first combustion chamber (1) again, air delivery pipe (212), steam condenser pipe (223), condensed water holds groove (224), turbine (222) and motor are all outside the combustion chamber, one end of high pressure superheated steam heater (22) is connected with turbine (222) by outside high-pressure steam pipe (221), turbine (222) joins with generator (6) again, the other end of generator (6) and steam condenser pipe (223) join, receive condensed water again and hold groove (224), pipe fitting with condensate output transistor (225) and pipe grid (13) bottom is connected again, the pipe fitting of managing grid (13) top in addition joins with boiler feed pipe (231) and high pressure water feeding pump for boiler (232), joins with high-pressure saturated steam generator (23) again.
2, waste incineration according to claim 1 and thermal recovery unit is characterized in that managing grid (13) and are formed by the hollow pipe fitting line of ganging up.
3, waste incineration according to claim 1 and thermal recovery unit is characterized in that the longitudinal surface of managing grid arrangement formation can tilt perpendicular to the ground or a little.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93119266 CN1061428C (en) | 1993-10-23 | 1993-10-23 | Equipment for refuse incineration and using heat energy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93119266 CN1061428C (en) | 1993-10-23 | 1993-10-23 | Equipment for refuse incineration and using heat energy |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1102247A CN1102247A (en) | 1995-05-03 |
| CN1061428C true CN1061428C (en) | 2001-01-31 |
Family
ID=4992842
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93119266 Expired - Fee Related CN1061428C (en) | 1993-10-23 | 1993-10-23 | Equipment for refuse incineration and using heat energy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1061428C (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007036913A2 (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-05 | Babcock & Wilcox Vølund Aps | A boiler producing steam from flue gases under optimised conditions |
| EP1934526A1 (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2008-06-25 | Babcock & Wilcox Volund APS | A boiler producing steam from flue gases with high electrical efficiency and improved slag quality |
| CN105864789A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-08-17 | 浙江海洋学院 | Garbage incineration device and method |
| CN109340787A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-02-15 | 成都天智轻量化科技有限公司 | A kind of generating equipment using chlorine burning metal |
-
1993
- 1993-10-23 CN CN 93119266 patent/CN1061428C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1102247A (en) | 1995-05-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20010131 Termination date: 20101023 |