CN106140303A - One contains the organic mixed polymers-metal heterogeneous catalyst of phosphine and preparation thereof and application - Google Patents
One contains the organic mixed polymers-metal heterogeneous catalyst of phosphine and preparation thereof and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN106140303A CN106140303A CN201510158032.9A CN201510158032A CN106140303A CN 106140303 A CN106140303 A CN 106140303A CN 201510158032 A CN201510158032 A CN 201510158032A CN 106140303 A CN106140303 A CN 106140303A
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/06—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing polymers
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/24—Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hierarchical porous structure and contain the organic mixed polymers-metal heterogeneous catalyst of phosphine and preparation thereof and the application in internal olefin hydroformylation system the most different high ratio aldehyde produces; in described heterogeneous catalyst using the one in metal Rh, Co or Ir, two kinds, three kinds as active component; using hierarchical porous structure containing the organic mixed polymers of phosphine as carrier, form by the multiple tooth organophosphorus ligand containing alkylene and monodentate organophosphorus ligand copolymerization containing the organic mixed polymers of phosphine.This type of coordination of bonding heterogeneous catalyst is applicable to fixed bed, and slurry bed system, in the reactor such as bubbling bed and trickle bed.The heterogeneous catalyst that the present invention provides has well performance in internal olefin hydroformylation reaction; internal olefin is first isomerized to end group alkene under the effect of this type of catalyst; hydroformylation reaction is occurred to be selectively generating corresponding n-alkanal again; therefore the most different ratio of product aldehyde is high; can be higher than 15, in the product obtained, Determination of Alkane Content is less than 1%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to heterogeneous catalysis and field of fine chemical, be specifically related to a kind of containing the organic mixed polymers of phosphine-
Metal heterogeneous catalyst and preparation method thereof and its internal olefin hydroformylation height the most different ratio aldehyde produce in
Application.
Background technology
Hydroformylation of olefin (Hydroformylation, also known as OXO-Synthesis) refers to transition
Alkene under metal carbonyl complex catalysis and synthesis gas (CO/H2) generate than raw material olefin a high carbon
The reaction of aldehyde, is to realize industrial even phase complex catalysis process the earliest.Hydroformylation of olefin
Development mainly have benefited from the promotion of petro chemical industry, petroleum cracking technique and
Fischer-Tropsch synthesis technique produces substantial amounts of alkene, provides cheap for hydroformylation reaction
Synthesis material so that it is industrialization has possessed material base;The product aldehyde of hydroformylation of olefin simultaneously
Being very useful chemical intermediate, it can be used to synthesis of carboxylic acid and corresponding ester, and fatty amine etc.,
Most important purposes is that it can be hydroconverted into alcohol, and alcohol itself can be as organic solvent, plasticizer and table
Face activating agent etc. is widely used in field of fine chemical.
Patent CN1319580A describes the multiple bidentate phosphite ligands with larger space steric hindrance,
These parts are coordinated the hydroformylation reaction of the higher olefins of homogeneous catalyst with Rh and Co etc., have relatively
The selectivity of the most different ratio of high aldehyde.But homogeneous catalyst is not easily recycled and part synthesis more difficulty.
Patent CN1210514A reports the Rh complex compound catalyst of hydroformylation of olefin, Rh complexation
Thing is to use multiple tooth organonitrogen compound to make part, can be by matter in weak acid containing at least one in part
The tertiary nitrogen group of sonization, but catalyst faces the problem being not easily recycled equally.
In patent CN102911021A, utilize Rh coordination compound and biphenyl backbone or dinaphthalene skeleton biphosphine ligand,
And the composite catalyst system of triphenylphosphine or phosphite ester triphenylmethyl methacrylate monophosphorus ligand composition is catalyst,
In linear alkene hydroformylation reaction, n-alkanal has higher selectivity, which decreases price and holds high
The consumption of expensive biphosphine ligand, but catalyst system and catalyzing or homogeneous, catalyst cannot reuse.
Coordinating with Rh also with bis-phosphite and triphenylphosphine in patent CN1986055A, composition is multiple
Closing catalyst system and catalyzing, in the hydroformylation reaction of propylene, hutanal and isobutylaldehyde mol ratio are more than 20,
Significantly extend the service life of bisphosphite ligands, hence it is evident that reduce the consumption of triaryl phosphine, but
Substantially still, homogeneous reaction, faces the problem that catalyst recycles difficulty equally.
Calendar year 2001, Holger Klein et al. (Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2001,40, No.18)
Synthesize the homogeneous part of NAPHOS type, at end group alkene and internal olefin hydrogen after such part and Rh complexation
Formylation reaction achieves good selectivity (the most different ratio of product aldehyde is the highest).But catalyst system and catalyzing
Substantially still, homogeneous reaction, catalyst reclaims difficulty, and higher olefins includes that internal olefin hydroformylation is anti-
Answer cost the highest.
Billig of UCC company (Union Carbide Corporation) et al. has synthesized Biphephos part, and this is joined
Body is excellent performance in propene hydroformylation reaction, and Arno Behr and Christian Vogl et al. utilize
Biphephos part the most systematically have studied and is catalyzed internal olefin and end group after this part coordinates with Rh
The hydroformylation reaction of alkene (Journal of Molecular Catalysis A:Chemical, 2003,
206,179-184;2005,232,41-44;2005,226,215 219), the solid of product aldehyde
Selectivity is good, and Arno Behr and Christian Vogl also does in terms of biphase olefin hydroformylation
Some explore work.But the problem the most fundamentally solving Immobilized homogenous catalyst,
Catalysqt deactivation quickly, and is not carried out the recycling of catalyst.
The difficult point of the hydroformylation of internal olefin always research and focus, chemists are being applied to
The homogeneous multidentate ligand synthesis aspect of internal olefin hydroformylation reaction has poured into a large amount of painstaking effort, but at present
The most it is not specifically designed for heterogeneous catalyst and technique in internal olefin hydroformylation reaction to occur.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of organic mixed polymers-metal Han phosphine
Heterogeneous catalyst and internal olefin hydroformylation system high the most different produce than aldehyde in application.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of organic mixed polymers-metal heterogeneous catalyst Han phosphine, with the one in metal Rh, Co or Ir, two
Kind, three kinds as active component, with organic mixed polymers containing phosphine as carrier, metal loading in catalyst
It is 0.01~10wt%, containing the organic mixed polymers of phosphine by the multiple tooth organophosphorus ligand containing alkylene with containing alkene
The monodentate organophosphorus ligand copolymerization of alkyl forms, the p-shaped that active metal component is exposed with mixed copolymer carrier
Becoming multiple coordinate bond, it is the most different than table in aldehyde technique that the catalyst of formation produces height in internal olefin hydroformylation
Existing excellent.
Described alkylene is preferably vinyl, and the described multiple tooth organophosphorus ligand containing alkylene is
Bidentate phosphites organophosphor ligand containing vinyl, the described monodentate organophosphite ligand containing alkylene
Body is the triphenylphosphine ligand containing vinyl.
Described organic mixed copolymer carrier has hierarchical porous structure, and specific surface area is 100~3000m2/ g, with
Shi Hanyou macropore, mesopore and micropore, pore volume is 0.1~5.0cm3/ g, pore-size distribution is 0.2~50.0nm.
Described heterogeneous catalyst is by after multiple tooth organophosphorus ligand and the mixing of monodentate organophosphorus ligand, adopts
Using solvent thermal polymerization method, the alkylene in radical initiator causes organophosphorus ligand occurs polymerization anti-
Should, generate and there is hierarchical porous structure containing the organic mixed polymers of phosphine as carrier, the presoma of active component with
Carrier stirs in organic solvent, and active component becomes many with containing p-shaped exposed in the organic mixed copolymer carrier of phosphine
Weight coordinate bond, after boiling off volatile solvent, obtains being coordinated the heterogeneous catalyst of of bonding.
The preparation method of heterogeneous catalyst is:
A) 273~473K, under inert gas atmosphere, in organic solvent, monodentate organophosphite ligand is added
Body and multiple tooth organophosphorus ligand, interpolation or without cross-linking agent, add radical initiator, mixing
After, stirring the mixture for 0.1~100 hour, preferred mixing time scope is 0.1~50 hour;
B) it is transferred to mixed solution prepared for step a) synthesize in autoclave, 273~473K, indifferent gas
Under bromhidrosis atmosphere, use solvent thermal polymerization method, stand and carry out polyreaction in 1~100 hour, obtain one and contain
The organic mixed polymers of phosphine;
C) the mixed polymers obtained by step b), vacuum extracts solvent at ambient temperature, is i.e. had
The organic mixed polymers containing exposed P of hierarchical porous structure, the carrier of the most described heterogeneous catalyst;
D) 273~473K, under inert gas atmosphere, in the solvent containing active component presoma,
Add the organic mixed copolymer carrier that step c) obtains, stir 0.1~100 hour, preferably mixing time scope
0.1~50 hour, afterwards, vacuum extracted organic solvent, obtains heterogeneous catalyst.
Organic solvent described in step a) is benzene, toluene, oxolane, methanol, ethanol, dichloro
In methane or chloroform one or more;Described cross-linking agent be styrene, ethylene, propylene,
In divinylbenzene, dimethoxymethane, diiodomethane, paraformaldehyde or 1,3,5-tri-acetylenylbenzene
One or more;Described radical initiator is cyclohexanone peroxide, diphenyl peroxide first
One or more of acyl, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, azodiisobutyronitrile or 2,2'-Azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile).
The mol ratio of the monodentate organophosphorus ligand described in step a) and multiple tooth organophosphorus ligand is
0.01:1~100:1, in the case of cross-linking agent adds, monodentate organophosphorus ligand and cross-linking agent mole
Ratio is 0.01:1~10:1, and monodentate organophosphorus ligand with the mol ratio of radical initiator is
300:1~10:1, before aggregating into organic mixed polymers, monodentate organophosphorus ligand concentration in organic solvent
Scope is 0.01-1000g/L.
Solvent described in step d) is water, benzene, toluene, oxolane, methanol, ethanol, dichloro
In methane or chloroform one or more, described active component is in Rh, Co, Ir
Kind, two or three, wherein the presoma of Rh is Rh (CH3COO)2、RhH(CO)(PPh3)3、
Rh(CO)2(acac)、RhCl3;The presoma of Co is Co (CH3COO)2、Co(CO)2(acac)、Co
(acac)2、CoCl2;The presoma of Ir is Ir (CO)3(acac)、Ir(CH3COO)3、Ir(acac)3、
IrCl4.In catalyst, metal loading scope is 0.01~10wt%.
The catalyst containing the organic mixed copolymer carrier supported active metals of P prepared is for internal olefin hydrogen first
In acylation reaction, catalysis activity is high, and product selectivity is good, can be used for fixed bed, slurry bed system, bubbling
In bed and trickle bed reaction process.Reaction temperature 323~573K, reaction pressure 0.1~10.0MPa, gas
Air speed 100~20000h-1, liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) 0.01~10.0h-1.The key component of reaction raw materials synthesis gas is
H2And CO, (H2+ CO) volume content is 20~100%, H2/ CO volume ratio is 0.5~5.0.Feed internal olefins
It is mainly derived from the C of the processes such as oil catalytic pyrolysis, F-T synthesis, oil refinery dry gas recovery4~C20Alkene,
Double bond may be located on 2~No. 10 positions of carbochain.This technique and method adaptability to raw material are strong, Ke Yiwei
C4~C20One (including end group alkene) or several in internal olefin, material purity is 20~100%, product master
It to be the n-alkanal of many carbon atoms than raw material olefin.
The reaction principle of the present invention:
The present invention will introduce vinyl (Vinyl) on the aromatic ring of typical biphosphine ligand such as Biphephos
Group, a kind of multiple tooth organophosphorus ligand (Vinyl Biphephos) containing vinyl is as polymerization
Monomer, utilizes solvent thermal polymerization method in autoclave, with monodentate organophosphorus ligand such as three (4-vinyl
Benzene) base phosphine copolymerization is formed has the organic mixed polymers of high surface and multi-stage artery structure, owing to this is organic
Mixed polymer backbone has a large amount of P exposing and containing lone pair electrons, can be as catalyst carrier and activity mistake
Cross metal ion unoccupied orbital and form multiple coordinate bond, and then form catalytic active site.In this catalyst,
Organic phosphine mixes polymers and is provided simultaneously with the dual-use function of carrier and part, and active metal component high dispersive is in this
In carrier, p-shaped exposed with high concentration becomes multiple coordinate bond.Active metal component is with monatomic form high score
Dissipate in organic phosphine mixes copolymer carrier, substantially increase the utilization ratio of metal.And active component is difficult to
Running off, catalyst life is long, and the multiple tooth Phosphine ligands in skeleton has significant stereoeffect, prepares
The catalyst come is remarkably improved the stereo selectivity of product.
Containing P in the organic mixed copolymer carrier skeleton of catalyst provided by the present invention, organic mixed polymers has concurrently
Part and the dual-use function of carrier;Active metal component can be dispersed in the way of monatomic or ion
In the organic mixed copolymer carrier of this high surface area hierarchical porous structure, substantially increase metal utilization ratio.
Carrier organic phosphine mixes the monophosphorus ligand construction unit in polymer backbone makes mixed polymers have higher P concentration,
Easy and active metal component forms double or multi-metal-P coordinate bond, and this coordinate bond has stronger
Chemical bonding ability so that active component not easily runs off.
The invention have the benefit that
Containing multiple tooth and monodentate organophosphorus ligand structure list in heterogeneous catalyst skeleton of the present invention
Unit, wherein monodentate organophosphorus ligand makes to there is higher exposed P, multiple tooth Phosphine ligands on the surface of mixed polymers
Then there is significant stereoeffect, active metal atom or ion and become many with the exposed p-shaped on mixed polymers
Weight coordinate bond, active component not easily runs off, and the active component of catalyst is Rh, Co or Ir, and this type of is urged
Agent has higher stereo selectivity, and mixed polymers has high-specific surface area hierarchical porous structure, possesses carrier
With the dual-use function of part, active metal component may be mixed poly-in organic phosphine with monatomic form high dispersive
In thing carrier duct or on surface, improve the utilization ratio of metal component.
This type of coordination of bonding heterogeneous catalyst is applicable to fixed bed, slurry bed system, bubbling bed and trickle bed etc.
Reaction process, internal olefin hydroformylation provided by the present invention produces technique and the method for corresponding aldehyde, can
Using fixed bed, slurry bed system, the reaction process such as bubbling bed and trickle bed, internal olefin is anti-in hydroformylation
Should first be isomerized to end group alkene, and then be selectively generating the n-alkanal that added value is higher, permissible
Solve long-standing reactivity and poor selectivity during internal olefin hydroformylation reaction heterogenize,
And metal component runs off the problem such as serious.
The heterogeneous catalyst that the present invention provides has well performance in internal olefin hydroformylation reaction,
Internal olefin is first isomerized to end group alkene under the effect of this type of catalyst, then hydroformylation reaction occurs
Being selectively generating corresponding n-alkanal, therefore the most different ratio of product aldehyde is high, can obtain higher than 15
In product, Determination of Alkane Content is less than 1%, this heterogeneous catalyst good stability, catalyst and reactant, product
Separation simple and also efficiently.Greatly reduce the production cost of n-alkanal, for internal olefin hydroformylation
Reaction provides new industrialization technology.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In Fig. 1, A figure is the biphosphine ligand of typical alkylene functionalization, and B figure is Vinyl Biphephos
Structural representation.
Fig. 2 is Vinyl Biphephos polymerization technique route schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the typical monodentate organophosphorus ligand and multiple tooth organophosphorus ligand and crosslinking used in polymerization
The schematic diagram of agent, wherein, L1-L16 is monodentate organophosphorus ligand, and L17-L19 is monodentate organophosphite ligand
Body, L20 and L21 is cross-linking agent.
Fig. 4 is Vinyl Biphephos part1H composes.
Fig. 5 is Vinyl Biphephos part13C composes.
Fig. 6 is Vinyl Biphephos part31P composes.
Fig. 7 is the high resolution mass spectrum of Vinyl Biphephos part.
Fig. 8 is N2The catalyst thermogravimetric curve of embodiment 1 synthesis under atmosphere.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is better illustrated by following embodiment, but is not intended to the claimed model of the present invention
Enclose.
Embodiment 1
Under 298K and inert gas shielding atmosphere, by (attached for 10.0 grams of Vinyl Biphephos monomers
Fig. 1) it is dissolved in 100.0ml tetrahydrofuran solvent, is simultaneously introduced 2.5g co-monomer three (4-vinyl benzene)
Base phosphine (L1), adds 1.0 grams of radical initiator azodiisobutyronitriles in above-mentioned solution, stirs 2
Hour.The solution being stirred is moved in autoclave, utilizes under 373K and inert gas shielding atmosphere
Solvent thermal polymerization method carries out being polymerized 24h.Solution after above-mentioned polymerization is cooled to room temperature, room temperature condition
Vacuum takes solvent away, i.e. obtains by Vinyl Biphephos and three (4-vinyl benzene) the organic list of base phosphine
The organic phosphine of body copolymerization mixes copolymer carrier.Fig. 2 is that the organic mixed copolymer carrier of Vinyl Biphephos gathers
Close the schematic diagram of technology path.Weigh 3.13 milligrams of acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione three rhodium carbonyls and be dissolved in 10.0ml tetrahydrochysene
In THF solvent, add 1.0 grams by Vinyl Biphephos and three (4-vinyl benzene) base phosphine copolymerization
The organic mixed copolymer carrier obtained, stirs 24 under 298K and inert gas shielding atmosphere by this mixture
Hour, vacuum takes solvent away the most at ambient temperature, i.e. obtains that to be applied to internal olefin hydroformylation anti-
The excellent catalyst answered.
Embodiment 2
In example 2, except weighing 10.0 grams of co-monomers three (4-vinyl benzene) base phosphine (L1),
Substitute 2.5 grams of co-monomers three (4-vinyl benzene) base phosphine (L1), remaining catalyst synthesis processes and reality
Execute example 1 identical.
Embodiment 3
In embodiment 3, except weighing 0.1 gram of radical initiator azodiisobutyronitrile replacement 1.0
Outside gram radical initiator azodiisobutyronitrile, remaining catalyst synthesis processes is same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 4
In example 4, molten except substituting 100.0ml oxolane with 50.0ml tetrahydrofuran solvent
Outside agent, remaining catalyst synthesis processes is same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 5
In embodiment 5, except substituting 100.0ml oxolane with 100.0ml dichloromethane solvent
Outside solvent, remaining catalyst synthesis processes is same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 6
In embodiment 6, in addition to substituting 373K polymerization temperature with 393K polymerization temperature, remaining
Catalyst synthesis processes is same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 7
In embodiment 7, in addition to substituting 24h polymerization time with 12h polymerization time, remaining is urged
Agent building-up process is same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 8
In embodiment 8, except add 10.0 grams of L20 as cross-linking agent in addition to, remaining catalyst
Building-up process is same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 9
In embodiment 9, except add 1.0 grams of styrene as cross-linking agent in addition to, remaining catalysis
Agent building-up process is same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 10
In embodiment 10, weigh 14.05 milligrams of acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione dicarbapentaborane cobalts and substitute acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione three carbonyl
Base rhodium is dissolved in outside 10.0ml tetrahydrofuran solvent, and remaining catalyst synthesis processes is same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 11
In embodiment 11, weigh 2.05 milligrams of acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione three carbonyl iridium and substitute acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione three carbonyl
Base rhodium is dissolved in outside 10.0ml tetrahydrofuran solvent, and remaining catalyst synthesis processes is same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 12
By in the catalyst 0.5g fixed bed reactors of above-mentioned preparation, two ends load quartz sand.Trace enters
Material pump pumps into 2-octene, and its flow is 0.1ml/min, and mass flowmenter controls synthesis gas (H2: CO=1:1)
Air speed 1000h-1, under the conditions of 373K, 1MPa, carry out hydroformylation reaction.React through ice bath cooling
Collecting tank is collected.Obtained fluid product uses is furnished with HP-5 capillary column and fid detector
HP-7890N gas chromatographic analysis, uses normal propyl alcohol to make internal standard.Collecting tank tail gas out uses to be furnished with
The HP-7890N gas chromatogram of Porapak-QS post and TCD detector carries out on-line analysis.Reaction result
It is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 13
Catalyst 0.5g embodiment 1 prepared is encased in the paste state bed reactor of 50ml capacity,
And to add 30ml hexanal be slurry liquid, it is passed through reaction mixture gas (H2:CO:C3H6=1:1:1), at 393K,
1.0MPa, reaction mixture gas air speed 2000h-1Hydrogen is carried out under the conditions of being 750 revs/min with stir speed (S.S.)
Formylation reaction.React to absorb through a collecting tank equipped with the deionized water of 60ml cooling and collect, with
Product and slurry liquid that tail gas is carried secretly are all dissolved in the water of collecting tank.The other the same as in Example 12,
Data are listed in table 1.
Different catalysts described in embodiment 12 prepares according to the step of embodiment 1-11, real
The catalyst executing example 13 prepares according to the step of embodiment 1.
The specific surface area of catalyst synthesized in table 1 embodiment 1-13 and 2-octene response data
* experiment condition is 100 DEG C, and 1MPa, 2-octene flow is 0.1ml/min, synthesis gas (CO:H2=1:1) air speed 1000h-1, when TOF calculates
Think that all of metal is all avtive spot.* represents that reaction temperature is 230 DEG C.The active component of embodiment 10 is Co, embodiment 11
Active component is Ir.The data of embodiment 13 are the slurry reactor data of propylene.
Claims (10)
1. organic mixed polymers-metal heterogeneous catalyst Han phosphine, it is characterised in that: described heterogeneous catalysis
In agent using the one in metal Rh, Co or Ir, two kinds, three kinds as active component, to have containing phosphine
It is carrier that machine mixes polymers, and organic mixed polymers containing phosphine by the multiple tooth organophosphorus ligand containing alkylene and contains
The monodentate organophosphorus ligand copolymerization of alkylene forms, and in catalyst, metal loading scope is
0.01~10wt%.
2. according to the catalyst described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described alkylene is vinyl
Functional group.
3. according to the catalyst described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described is many containing alkylene
Tooth organophosphorus ligand is the bidentate phosphites organophosphor ligand containing vinyl, described containing alkene
The monodentate organophosphorus ligand of base is the triphenylphosphine ligand containing vinyl.
4. according to the catalyst described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described organic mixed polymers carries
Body has hierarchical porous structure, and specific surface area is 100~3000m2/ g, contains macropore, mesopore and micro-simultaneously
Hole, pore volume is 0.1~5.0cm3/ g, pore-size distribution is 0.2~50.0nm.
5. according to the catalyst described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described heterogeneous catalyst is
After multiple tooth organophosphorus ligand and monodentate organophosphorus ligand being mixed, use solvent thermal polymerization method, through freedom
Base initiator causes the alkylene generation polyreaction in organophosphorus ligand, generates and has hierarchical porous structure
Organic mixed polymers containing phosphine stirs with carrier in organic solvent as carrier, the presoma of active component,
Active component becomes multiple coordinate bond with containing p-shaped exposed in the organic mixed copolymer carrier of phosphine, boils off volatility
After solvent, obtain being coordinated the heterogeneous catalyst of of bonding.
6. the preparation method of the arbitrary described catalyst of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that:
A) 273~473K, under inert gas atmosphere, in organic solvent, monodentate organophosphite ligand is added
Body and multiple tooth organophosphorus ligand, interpolation or without cross-linking agent, add radical initiator, mixing
After, stirring the mixture for 0.1~100 hour, preferred mixing time scope is 0.1~50 hour;
B) it is transferred to mixed solution prepared for step a) synthesize in autoclave, 273~473K, indifferent gas
Under bromhidrosis atmosphere, use solvent thermal polymerization method, stand and carry out polyreaction in 1~100 hour, obtain one
Containing the organic mixed polymers of phosphine;
C) the mixed polymers obtained by step b), vacuum extracts solvent at ambient temperature, is i.e. had
The organic mixed polymers containing exposed P of hierarchical porous structure, the carrier of the most described heterogeneous catalyst;
D) 273~473K, under inert gas atmosphere, in the solvent containing active component presoma,
Add the organic mixed copolymer carrier that step c) obtains, stir 0.1~100 hour, preferably mixing time model
Enclosing 0.1~50 hour, afterwards, vacuum extracts organic solvent, obtains heterogeneous catalyst.
7. according to the preparation method described in claim 6, it is characterised in that: having described in step a)
Machine solvent is a kind of in benzene, toluene, oxolane, methanol, ethanol, dichloromethane or chloroform
Or it is two or more;Described cross-linking agent is styrene, ethylene, propylene, divinylbenzene, dimethoxy
One or more in methylmethane, diiodomethane, paraformaldehyde or 1,3,5-tri-acetylenylbenzene;
Described radical initiator be cyclohexanone peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide,
One or more of azodiisobutyronitrile or 2,2'-Azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile).
8. according to the preparation method described in claim 6, it is characterised in that: the list described in step a)
The mol ratio of tooth organophosphorus ligand and multiple tooth organophosphorus ligand is 0.01:1~100:1, adds at cross-linking agent
In the case of, monodentate organophosphorus ligand is 0.01:1~10:1 with the mol ratio of cross-linking agent, monodentate organic phosphine
Part is 300:1~10:1 with the mol ratio of radical initiator, before aggregating into organic mixed polymers, and monodentate
Organophosphorus ligand concentration range in organic solvent is 0.01-1000g/L.
9. according to the preparation method described in claim 6, it is characterised in that: molten described in step d)
Agent is a kind of in water, benzene, toluene, oxolane, methanol, ethanol, dichloromethane or chloroform
Or two or more, described active component is one or more in Rh, Co, Ir, wherein Rh
Presoma be Rh (CH3COO)2、RhH(CO)(PPh3)3、Rh(CO)2(acac)、RhCl3;Co's
Presoma is Co (CH3COO)2、Co(CO)2(acac)、Co(acac)2、CoCl2;The presoma of Ir is
Ir(CO)3(acac)、Ir(CH3COO)3、Ir(acac)3、IrCl4, metal loading scope in catalyst
It is 0.01~10wt%.
10. described produce than aldehyde internal olefin hydroformylation height is the most different according to claim 1-5 is arbitrary
In application, it is characterised in that: the hydroformylation reaction of internal olefin, reaction temperature is 323~573K,
Reaction pressure is 0.1~10.0MPa, and gas space velocity is 100~20000h-1, liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) is
0.01~10.0h-1, the key component of reaction raw materials synthesis gas is H2And CO, (H2+ CO) volume content is
20~100%, H2/ CO volume ratio is 0.5~5.0, and feed internal olefins is C4~C20Alkene, double bond is positioned at
On 2~No. 10 positions of carbochain, internal olefin feed purity is 20~100%, and product is mainly ratio raw material alkene
The n-alkanal of the many carbon atoms of hydrocarbon.
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