CN106125417B - Liquid crystal grating and control method thereof, 3D display panel and display device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal grating and control method thereof, 3D display panel and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106125417B CN106125417B CN201610816193.7A CN201610816193A CN106125417B CN 106125417 B CN106125417 B CN 106125417B CN 201610816193 A CN201610816193 A CN 201610816193A CN 106125417 B CN106125417 B CN 106125417B
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 171
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005264 High molar mass liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
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Abstract
The invention provides a liquid crystal grating and a control method thereof, a 3D display panel and a display device, wherein a first grating electrode in the liquid crystal grating comprises a plurality of grating sub-electrodes arranged in an array manner, and a second grating electrode is an integral transparent electrode; or the second grating electrode comprises a plurality of grating sub-electrodes arranged in an array manner, and the first grating electrode is an integral transparent electrode; the multiple grating sub-electrodes of each row are connected with the row driving line through multiple control switches, and the multiple grating sub-electrodes of each column are connected with the column driving line through multiple control switches. According to the embodiment of the invention, the electrode patterns on the grating electrodes are designed into a plurality of grating sub-electrodes arranged in an array manner, the row driving lines or the column driving lines are controlled to apply an electric signal at intervals, so that the liquid crystal layer is locally transparent and opaque, slits are formed at intervals, and the shape and the direction of the grating formed on the liquid crystal layer are adjusted by using the electric control signal, so that the transverse or longitudinal random switching of the 3D display effect is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D display, in particular to a liquid crystal grating and a control method thereof, a 3D display panel and a display device.
Background
At present, with the continuous development of liquid crystal display technology, the application of naked eye 3D technology is continuously mature, the optical barrier type 3D technology is a technical scheme developed by engineers in sharp european laboratories over ten years to realize naked eye three-dimensional display, and the specific implementation method is to assemble a grating module composed of a switching liquid crystal screen, a polarizing film and a polymer liquid crystal layer on the surface of a display panel. In a three-dimensional display mode, the liquid crystal layer and the polarizing film can form vertical stripes with the width of tens of micrometers under certain working conditions to shield partial views, so that the left eye of a viewer only receives a left eye view, the right eye only receives a right eye view, and a 3D image effect is formed by separating visual pictures of the left eye and the right eye. In the two-dimensional display mode, the liquid crystal grating is not blocked and is in a fully transparent state, the left eye and the right eye of a viewer receive the same images, and the display is in a common 2D display mode.
In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the related art: the liquid crystal grating in the related art can only realize a three-dimensional effect in one direction of the transverse direction or the longitudinal direction, and along with the continuous popularization of mobile phone application, the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction need to be randomly switched to realize the three-dimensional effect, but the vertical slit grating in the related art cannot realize the random switching between the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction, so that the existing liquid crystal grating cannot meet the requirements of practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an embodiment of the invention provides a liquid crystal grating and a control method thereof, a 3D display panel and a display device, so as to solve the problem that the conventional liquid crystal grating cannot meet the requirements of practical applications because the vertical slit grating in the related art cannot realize random switching between the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid crystal grating, including an upper substrate and a lower substrate that are arranged oppositely, a first grating electrode formed on the upper substrate, and a second grating electrode formed on the lower substrate, where a liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first grating electrode and the second grating electrode, the first grating electrode includes a plurality of grating sub-electrodes arranged in an array manner, and the second grating electrode is an integral transparent electrode; or,
the second grating electrode comprises a plurality of grating sub-electrodes arranged in an array manner, and the first grating electrode is an integral transparent electrode;
the plurality of grating sub-electrodes of each row are connected with a row driving line through a plurality of control switches, and the plurality of grating sub-electrodes of each column are connected with a column driving line through a plurality of control switches.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the control switch includes: and a thin film transistor.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the grating sub-electrodes are all square, and the pitches between the grating sub-electrodes are equal.
In combination with the first aspect, the embodiments of the present invention provide a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the row driving line is separated from the column driving line by an insulating layer.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the liquid crystal grating further includes a first alignment film layer disposed on a side of the first grating electrode facing the second grating electrode, and a second alignment film layer disposed on a side of the second grating electrode facing the first grating electrode.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the second grating electrode is made of an organic transparent conductive material and is an integral transparent electrode, the second grating electrode is used for receiving a common voltage signal and is used as an alignment film layer, and the liquid crystal grating further includes an alignment film layer disposed on a side of the first grating electrode facing the second grating electrode; or,
the liquid crystal grating is characterized in that the first grating electrode is made of an organic transparent conductive material and is an integral transparent electrode, the first grating electrode is used for being connected with a common voltage signal and serving as an orientation film layer, and the liquid crystal grating further comprises an orientation film layer arranged on one side, facing the first grating electrode, of the second grating electrode.
In combination with the fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the organic transparent conductive material includes one or more of the following: the composite material comprises a mixed material of acrylic resin and a nano silver wire, a mixed material of acrylic resin and a carbon nano tube, a mixed material of polyimide resin and a carbon nano tube, and a mixed material of acrylic resin and a carbon nano tube.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a 3D display panel, which includes a 2D display screen and the liquid crystal grating according to any one of the first to sixth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, where the liquid crystal grating is disposed on a light exit side of the 2D display screen.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a 3D display device, including the 3D display panel according to the second aspect.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for controlling a liquid crystal grating, where the method is used to control the liquid crystal grating according to any one of the first to sixth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, and the method includes:
when the 3D display panel applying the liquid crystal grating is used for longitudinal 3D display, an electric field is formed between the first grating electrode and the second grating electrode, and an electric signal is applied to each line driving line at intervals to enable the liquid crystal layer to be partially transparent and partially opaque, so that the liquid crystal layer forms a slit grating with alternate transverse light and shade;
when the 3D display panel applying the liquid crystal grating is used for carrying out transverse 3D display, an electric field is formed between the first grating electrode and the second grating electrode, and an electric signal is applied to each row driving wire at intervals, so that the liquid crystal layer is partially transparent and partially opaque, and the liquid crystal layer forms a slit grating with longitudinal light and shade at intervals;
when the 3D display panel using the liquid crystal grating is used for 2D display, an electric field is not formed between the first grating electrode and the second grating electrode, so that the whole surface of the liquid crystal layer is transparent.
In the liquid crystal grating and the control method thereof, the 3D display panel and the display device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the liquid crystal grating comprises an upper substrate and a lower substrate which are oppositely arranged, a first grating electrode formed on the upper substrate, and a second grating electrode formed on the lower substrate, wherein a liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first grating electrode and the second grating electrode, the first grating electrode comprises a plurality of grating sub-electrodes arranged in an array manner, and the second grating electrode is an integral transparent electrode; or the second grating electrode comprises a plurality of grating sub-electrodes arranged in an array manner, and the first grating electrode is an integral transparent electrode; the multiple grating sub-electrodes of each row are connected with the row driving line through multiple control switches, and the multiple grating sub-electrodes of each column are connected with the column driving line through multiple control switches. According to the embodiment of the invention, the electrode patterns on the grating electrodes are designed into the plurality of grating sub-electrodes arranged in an array manner, the row driving lines or the column driving lines are controlled to apply an electric signal at intervals, so that the liquid crystal layer is locally transparent and opaque, slits are formed at intervals, and the shape and the direction of the grating formed on the liquid crystal layer are adjusted by using the electric control signal, so that the transverse or longitudinal random switching of the 3D display effect is realized.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1a shows a schematic structural diagram of a first liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 1b shows a schematic structural diagram of a second liquid crystal grating provided in one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a first structure of grating sub-electrodes arranged in an array in a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating connection relationships between the grating sub-electrodes arranged in an array manner and the control switches and the driving lines in the liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4a is a schematic diagram illustrating a second structure of grating sub-electrodes arranged in an array in a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4b is a schematic diagram illustrating a third structure of grating sub-electrodes arranged in an array in a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5a is a schematic diagram illustrating an effect of a slit grating formed by a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5b is a schematic diagram illustrating another effect of a slit grating formed by a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a third liquid crystal grating structure provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7a is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7b is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D display panel according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Considering that the liquid crystal grating in the related art can only achieve a three-dimensional effect in one of the horizontal direction or the longitudinal direction, along with the continuous popularization of mobile phone applications, random switching between the horizontal direction and the longitudinal direction is required to achieve the three-dimensional effect, but the vertical slit grating in the related art cannot achieve random switching between the horizontal direction and the longitudinal direction, and therefore the existing liquid crystal grating cannot meet the requirements of practical applications. Based on this, embodiments of the present invention provide a liquid crystal grating and a control method thereof, a 3D display panel, and a display device, which are described below by way of embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows:
two structural schematic diagrams of the liquid crystal grating as shown in fig. 1a and fig. 1b, the liquid crystal grating includes an upper substrate 101 and a lower substrate 102 which are oppositely arranged, and a first grating electrode 104 formed on the upper substrate 101 and a second grating electrode 105 formed on the lower substrate 102, wherein a liquid crystal layer 103 is arranged between the first grating electrode 104 and the second grating electrode 105;
considering that an electrode pattern may be formed on the first grating electrode 104 or the second grating electrode 105, and any one of the first grating electrode 104 and the second grating electrode 105 has an electrode pattern that determines the shape of the slit grating, and correspondingly, the other grating electrode is an overall transparent electrode, and the grating electrode may be grounded to GND, specifically:
the first is that the first grating electrode 104 has an electrode pattern thereon: as shown in fig. 1a, the first grating electrode 104 includes a plurality of grating sub-electrodes 1041 arranged in an array (as shown in fig. 1a, the upper right pattern is an enlarged schematic view of the first grating electrode 104, and as shown in the figure, a plurality of square patterns are the grating sub-electrodes 1041), and the second grating electrode 105 is an integral transparent electrode; the plurality of grating sub-electrodes 1041 in each row are connected to the row driving line 11 through a plurality of control switches 33, and the plurality of grating sub-electrodes 1041 in each column are connected to the column driving line 22 through a plurality of control switches 33;
the second is that the first grating electrode 104 has an electrode pattern thereon: as shown in fig. 1b, the second grating electrode 105 includes a plurality of grating sub-electrodes 1041 arranged in an array (as shown in fig. 1b, the lower right pattern is an enlarged schematic view of the second grating electrode 105, and a plurality of square patterns are grating sub-electrodes 1041), and the first grating electrode 104 is an integral transparent electrode; the plurality of grating sub-electrodes 1041 in each row are connected to the row driving line 11 through a plurality of control switches 33, and the plurality of grating sub-electrodes 1041 in each column are connected to the column driving line 22 through a plurality of control switches 33.
After the electric signal is applied to the grating sub-electrode 1041 through the row driving line 11 or the column driving line 22, an electric field can be formed between the first grating electrode 104 and the second grating electrode 105, and further the liquid crystal layer 103 is deflected, so that a horizontal grating or a longitudinal grating is formed, and random switching of a three-dimensional display effect in a longitudinal direction or a transverse direction is realized.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the electrode pattern on the grating electrode is designed into a plurality of grating sub-electrodes 1041 arranged in an array, the row driving lines 11 or the column driving lines 22 are controlled to apply an electrical signal at intervals, so that the liquid crystal layer is partially transparent and partially opaque, slits are formed at intervals, and the shape and direction of the grating formed on the liquid crystal layer 103 are adjusted by using the electrical control signal, thereby implementing the random switching of the 3D display effect in the horizontal direction or the longitudinal direction.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the grating sub-electrodes 1041 are all square, the distances between the grating sub-electrodes 1041 are equal, the grating sub-electrodes 1041 are distributed on the upper substrate 101 or the lower substrate 102 in an array arrangement, each grating sub-electrode 1041 is connected to the row driving line 11 through one control switch 33, each grating sub-electrode 1041 is further connected to the column driving line 22 through another control switch 33, and the row driving line 11 is separated from the column driving line 22 through an insulating layer, so that the row driving line 11 and the column driving line 22 are insulated from each other.
Further, in order to realize the dark stripes in the whole row or the whole column, the distance between every two adjacent grating sub-electrodes 1041 needs to be very small relative to the size of the grating sub-electrodes 1041, and based on the fact that the tft has the characteristic of being manufactured by the photolithography process and having a small size, as shown in fig. 3, the control switch 33 includes: the Thin-film transistor (TFT) may be an N-type TFT or a P-type TFT, and the corresponding TFT may be selected according to actual requirements.
Specifically, each grating sub-electrode 1041 is connected to the row driving line 11 through a thin film transistor, a drain 333 of the thin film transistor is connected to the grating sub-electrode 1041, and a gate 331 and a source 332 of the thin film transistor are connected to the row driving line 11; each grating sub-electrode 1041 is further connected to the column driving line 22 through another thin film transistor, a drain 333 of the thin film transistor is connected to the grating sub-electrode 1041, and a gate 331 and a source 332 of the thin film transistor are connected to the column driving line 22;
when the row drive lines 11 are not supplied with power signals and the column drive lines 22 are not supplied with power signals, the thin film transistors connected to the row drive lines 11 are turned off and the thin film transistors connected to the column drive lines 22 are also turned off; when the row driving lines 11 apply an electrical signal and the column driving lines 22 do not apply an electrical signal, the thin film transistors connected to the row driving lines 11 are turned on and the thin film transistors connected to the column driving lines 22 are turned off; conversely, when an electrical signal is applied to the column drive lines 22 and no electrical signal is applied to the row drive lines 11, the thin film transistors connected to the column drive lines 22 are turned on and the thin film transistors connected to the row drive lines 11 are turned off.
Specifically, the specific way of presenting the vertical three-dimensional display effect is as follows: as shown in fig. 4a, an electrical signal (on) is applied to the plurality of row driving lines 11 at intervals, and the plurality of column driving lines 22 are not powered by an electrical signal (off), the control switch 33 connected to the row driving line 11 applied with the electrical signal is turned on, and the control switch 33 connected to the row driving line 11 not powered by the electrical signal and the column driving line 22 not powered by the electrical signal is turned off, so that the plurality of rows of grating sub-electrodes 1041 arranged horizontally are powered at intervals, an electric field is formed between the powered grating sub-electrodes 1041 and the integral transparent electrode, and the liquid crystal deflects to form a barrier fence, thereby realizing a longitudinal three-dimensional grating display mode.
Correspondingly, as shown in fig. 5a, a schematic diagram of the effect of the transverse slit grating formed by the liquid crystal grating is shown (corresponding to the way in which the electric signals are applied by each row driving line 11 and each column driving line 22 in fig. 4 a), still taking the display of the mobile phone as an example, when the longitudinal three-dimensional display effect is presented, the slit is parallel to the long side, when a voltage difference exists between the grating sub-electrode 1041 and the integral transparent electrode, an electric field is formed between the grating sub-electrode 1041 and the integral transparent electrode, when the electric field acts on the liquid crystal layer 103, the liquid crystal corresponding to the position of each grating sub-electrode 1041 to which the electric signal is applied is opaque, a black stripe is formed, the width of the black stripe is the same as the width of the grating sub-electrode 1041, the liquid crystal corresponding to the position of the grating sub-electrode 1041 to which the electric signal is not applied is transparent, a transparent stripe is formed, so that the liquid crystal layer 103 forms a plurality of light and dark stripes in the transverse direction, thereby realizing the naked eye barrier type longitudinal 3D display effect.
Specifically, the specific way of presenting the horizontal three-dimensional display effect is as follows: as shown in fig. 4b, an electrical signal (on) is applied to the plurality of column driving lines 22 at intervals, the plurality of row driving lines 11 are not powered by an electrical signal (off), the control switch 33 connected to the column driving lines 22 applied with the electrical signal is turned on, and the control switch 33 connected to the column driving lines 22 not powered by the electrical signal and the row driving lines 11 not powered by the electrical signal is turned off, so that the plurality of columns of grating sub-electrodes 1041 arranged longitudinally are powered at intervals, an electric field is formed between the powered grating sub-electrodes 1041 and the whole transparent electrode, and the liquid crystal is deflected to form a barrier fence, thereby realizing a horizontal three-dimensional grating display mode.
Correspondingly, as shown in fig. 5b, a schematic diagram of a vertical slit grating effect formed by the liquid crystal grating is shown (corresponding to a manner in which each row driving line 11 and each column driving line 22 in fig. 4b apply an electrical signal), and still taking a mobile phone display as an example, when a horizontal three-dimensional display effect is presented, a slit is parallel to a short side, when a voltage difference exists between the grating sub-electrode 1041 and the whole transparent electrode, an electric field is formed between the grating sub-electrode 1041 and the whole transparent electrode, and when the electric field acts on the liquid crystal layer 103, liquid crystal corresponding to a position of each grating sub-electrode 1041 to which an electrical signal is applied is opaque, a black stripe is formed, a width of the black stripe is the same as a width of the grating sub-electrode 1041, liquid crystal corresponding to a position of the grating sub-electrode 1041 to which an electrical signal is not applied is transparent, a transparent stripe is formed, so that the liquid crystal layer 103 forms a plurality of light and dark stripes in a vertical direction, thereby realizing a naked eye barrier type horizontal 3D display effect.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, an arrangement mode of an array type optical gate electrode pattern is adopted, a thin film transistor is selected as the control switch 33, the on-off of the thin film transistor is controlled by controlling the on-off of the row drive line 11 and the column drive line 22, and further the electric signal application and power-off states of each grating sub-electrode 1041 are controlled, so that a horizontal grating or a longitudinal grating is formed on liquid crystal, the random switching between a longitudinal three-dimensional display mode and a transverse three-dimensional display mode is realized, and the three-dimensional display effect can be realized no matter a mobile phone screen is transversely placed or a mobile phone screen is vertically placed when a user uses a mobile phone to watch.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, the liquid crystal grating further includes a first alignment film layer 106 disposed on the first grating electrode 104 facing the second grating electrode 105, and a second alignment film layer 107 disposed on the second grating electrode 105 facing the first grating electrode 104.
The first alignment film layer 106 and the second alignment film layer 107 are both close to the liquid crystal layer 103, the first alignment film layer 106 is disposed between the first grating electrode 104 and the liquid crystal layer 103, and the second alignment film layer 107 is disposed between the second grating electrode 105 and the liquid crystal layer 103, that is, the alignment film layers are disposed on both sides of the liquid crystal layer 103, so that the liquid crystals can be orderly arranged and uniformly distributed.
Further, considering that the grating electrode and the alignment film layer are paired and closely arranged, the alignment film layer is generally an organic transparent conductive material covered by a full substrate, the grating electrode may also be an organic transparent conductive material, and when the grating electrode is an integral electrode covered by a full substrate, the grating electrode and the alignment film adjacent to the grating electrode may be combined into the same film layer, and a process of simultaneously growing the grating electrode and the alignment film is adopted, so that a manufacturing process of the liquid crystal grating is simplified, a manufacturing efficiency of the liquid crystal grating is improved, and a manufacturing efficiency of the 3D liquid crystal display panel is improved.
The first method comprises the following steps: when the second grating electrode 105 has an integral electrode structure, the second grating electrode 105 and the alignment film adjacent to the second grating electrode 105 are combined into a same film, and a process of simultaneously growing the second grating electrode 105 and the second alignment film 107 is adopted, as shown in fig. 7a, the second grating electrode 105 is made of an organic transparent conductive material, the second grating electrode 105 is an integral transparent electrode, the second grating electrode 105 is used for receiving a common voltage signal and serving as an alignment film, the liquid crystal grating further includes an alignment film disposed on a side of the first grating electrode 104 facing the second grating electrode 105, and the alignment film is the first alignment film 106;
and the second method comprises the following steps: when the first grating electrode 104 has an integral electrode structure, the first grating electrode 104 and the alignment film adjacent to the first grating electrode 104 are combined into a same film, and a process of simultaneously growing the first grating electrode 104 and the first alignment film 106 is adopted, as shown in fig. 7b, the first grating electrode 104 is made of an organic transparent conductive material, the first grating electrode 104 is an integral transparent electrode, the first grating electrode 104 is used for receiving a common voltage signal and is used as an alignment film, the liquid crystal grating further includes an alignment film disposed on one side of the second grating electrode 105 facing the first grating electrode 104, and the alignment film is the second alignment film 107.
In addition, the liquid crystal grating further includes a first polarizing plate disposed on a side of the upper substrate 101 facing away from the first grating electrode 104, and a second polarizing plate disposed on a side of the lower substrate 102 facing away from the second grating electrode 105;
the first polarizer and the second polarizer can filter passing light rays to form polarized light.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, the grating electrode with the integral electrode structure and the orientation film adjacent to the grating electrode are combined into the same film layer, and the process of simultaneously growing the grating electrode and the orientation film is adopted, so that the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal grating is simplified, the manufacturing efficiency of the liquid crystal grating is improved, and the manufacturing efficiency of the 3D liquid crystal display panel is further improved.
Wherein the organic transparent conductive material comprises one or more of the following materials: the composite material comprises a mixed material of acrylic resin and a nano silver wire, a mixed material of acrylic resin and a carbon nano tube, a mixed material of polyimide resin and a carbon nano tube, and a mixed material of acrylic resin and a carbon nano tube.
Furthermore, the lower substrate 102 in the liquid crystal grating and the upper substrate 101 in the 2D display screen share the same substrate, so that the structure of the 3D display panel is further simplified, the process step of attaching the 2D display screen to the liquid crystal grating is not needed, the manufacturing process flow of the whole 3D display panel is further simplified, the production efficiency is improved, the labor cost is reduced, and one substrate is reduced, so that the manufacturing cost of the 3D display panel is reduced, and the thickness of the 3D display panel is also reduced.
In the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiment of the present invention, by designing the electrode pattern on the grating electrode into a plurality of grating sub-electrodes 1041 arranged in an array manner, the row driving lines 11 or the column driving lines 22 are controlled to apply an electrical signal at intervals, so that the liquid crystal layer is partially transparent to light and partially opaque to light, slits are formed at intervals, and the shape and direction of the grating formed on the liquid crystal layer 103 are adjusted by using the electrical control signal, thereby implementing the random switching of the 3D display effect in the horizontal direction or the longitudinal direction; furthermore, an array type arrangement mode of a light gate electrode pattern is adopted, a thin film transistor is selected as the control switch 33, the on-off of the thin film transistor is controlled by controlling the on-off of the row drive lines 11 and the column drive lines 22, and then the electric signal applying and power-off states of the grating sub-electrodes 1041 are controlled, so that liquid crystal forms transverse gratings or longitudinal gratings, the random switching between a longitudinal three-dimensional display mode and a transverse three-dimensional display mode is realized, and the three-dimensional display effect can be realized no matter a mobile phone screen is transversely placed or a mobile phone screen is vertically placed when a user uses a mobile phone to watch; furthermore, the grating electrode with the integral electrode structure and the orientation film adjacent to the grating electrode are combined into the same film layer, and the process of simultaneously growing the grating electrode and the orientation film is adopted, so that the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal grating is simplified, the manufacturing efficiency of the liquid crystal grating is improved, and the manufacturing efficiency of the 3D liquid crystal display panel is further improved.
Example two:
an embodiment of the present invention further provides a 3D display panel, as shown in fig. 8, the 3D display panel 60 includes a 2D display screen and the liquid crystal grating 601 according to the first embodiment, and the liquid crystal grating 601 is disposed on the light emitting side of the 2D display screen.
The specific implementation process of the 3D display panel 60 is similar to that of the liquid crystal grating 601, and reference may be made to the embodiment of the liquid crystal grating 601, and repeated descriptions are omitted.
The screen size of the liquid crystal grating 601 is generally the same as that of the 2D display screen 602 used in cooperation, the liquid crystal grating 601, the 2D display screen and the liquid crystal grating 601 are arranged on the light emergent side of the 2D display screen 602, and the lower substrate 102 of the liquid crystal grating 601 and the upper substrate 101 of the 2D display screen can be bonded together through a bonding process, or the lower substrate 102 of the liquid crystal grating 601 and the upper substrate 101 of the 2D display screen 602 can share one substrate. Preferably, the structure of the 3D display panel 60 is further simplified by using a mode that the lower substrate 102 of the liquid crystal grating 601 and the upper substrate 101 of the 2D display screen 602 share the same substrate, and the step of attaching the 2D display screen 602 to the liquid crystal grating 601 is not required, so that the manufacturing process flow of the whole 3D display panel 60 is simplified, the production efficiency is improved, the labor cost is reduced, and one substrate is reduced, thereby not only reducing the manufacturing cost of the 3D display panel 60, but also reducing the thickness of the 3D display panel 60.
Specifically, the 2D display screen 602 may be of various types, and for different 2D display screens 602, the overall structure of the 3D display panel 60 is different from that of each substrate, based on which the 2D display screen 602 is a liquid crystal display screen, and the 3D display panel 60 further includes a backlight module disposed on the light incident side of the 2D display screen 602; alternatively, the 2D display screen 602 is an organic electroluminescent diode display screen.
When the 2D display 602 is a liquid crystal display, the upper substrate 101 of the 2D display 602 is a color film substrate or an encapsulation substrate, and the lower substrate 102 of the 2D display 602 is an array substrate.
When the 2D display screen 602 is an organic electroluminescent diode display screen, the upper substrate 101 of the 2D display screen 602 is an encapsulation substrate or a protection substrate, and the lower substrate 102 of the 2D display screen 602 is an array substrate.
In the 3D display panel 60 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the display panel includes a 2D display screen and a liquid crystal grating 601 disposed on the light emitting side of the 2D display screen, and an electrode pattern on the grating electrode is designed into a plurality of grating sub-electrodes 1041 arranged in an array manner, so as to control the row driving lines 11 or the column driving lines 22 to apply an electrical signal at intervals, so that the liquid crystal layer is partially transparent to light, partially opaque to light, and form slits at intervals, and the shape and direction of the grating formed on the liquid crystal layer 103 are adjusted by using the electrical control signal, thereby implementing the random switching of the 3D display effect in the horizontal direction or the longitudinal direction; furthermore, an array type arrangement mode of a light gate electrode pattern is adopted, a thin film transistor is selected as the control switch 33, the on-off of the thin film transistor is controlled by controlling the on-off of the row drive lines 11 and the column drive lines 22, and then the electric signal applying and power-off states of the grating sub-electrodes 1041 are controlled, so that liquid crystal forms transverse gratings or longitudinal gratings, the random switching between a longitudinal three-dimensional display mode and a transverse three-dimensional display mode is realized, and the three-dimensional display effect can be realized no matter a mobile phone screen is transversely placed or a mobile phone screen is vertically placed when a user uses a mobile phone to watch; furthermore, the grating electrode with the integral electrode structure and the orientation film adjacent to the grating electrode are combined into the same film layer, and the process of simultaneously growing the grating electrode and the orientation film is adopted, so that the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal grating 601 is simplified, the manufacturing efficiency of the liquid crystal grating 601 is improved, and the manufacturing efficiency of the 3D liquid crystal display panel is further improved.
Example three:
an embodiment of the present invention further provides a 3D display device, as shown in fig. 9, the 3D display device 1 includes the 3D display panel 60 according to the second embodiment.
Specifically, the 3D display device 1 may be a display, and the 3D display panel 60 is disposed in a housing of the display through a specific circuit connection relationship, wherein the screen size of the liquid crystal gratings 601 of the 3D display panel 60 generally matches the screen size of the 2D display 602 used in combination, the liquid crystal gratings 601 are disposed on the light emitting side of the 2D display 602, and the lower substrate 102 of the liquid crystal gratings 601 and the upper substrate 101 of the 2D display 602 share the same substrate.
In the 3D display device 1 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the display device includes a 3D display panel 60, the display panel includes a 2D display screen and a liquid crystal grating 601 disposed on the light exit side of the 2D display screen, and the electrode pattern on the grating electrode is designed into a plurality of grating sub-electrodes 1041 arranged in an array manner, so as to control the row driving lines 11 or the column driving lines 22 to apply an electrical signal at intervals, so that the liquid crystal layer is partially transparent and partially opaque, and form slits at intervals, and the shape and direction of the grating formed on the liquid crystal layer 103 are adjusted by using the electrical control signal, thereby implementing the random switching of the 3D display effect in the horizontal direction or the longitudinal direction; furthermore, an arrangement mode of an array type optical gate electrode pattern is adopted, a thin film transistor is selected as a control switch 33, the thin film transistor is controlled to be switched on and off by controlling the on-off state of the row driving wires 11 and the column driving wires 22, and further the electric signal application and the power-off state of each grating sub-electrode 1041 are controlled, so that liquid crystal forms a transverse grating or a longitudinal grating, the random switching between a longitudinal three-dimensional display mode and a transverse three-dimensional display mode is realized, and the three-dimensional display effect can be realized no matter a mobile phone screen is transversely placed or a mobile phone screen is vertically placed when a user uses a mobile phone to watch; furthermore, the grating electrode with the integral electrode structure and the orientation film adjacent to the grating electrode are combined into the same film layer, and the process of simultaneously growing the grating electrode and the orientation film is adopted, so that the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal grating 601 is simplified, the manufacturing efficiency of the liquid crystal grating 601 is improved, and the manufacturing efficiency of the 3D liquid crystal display panel is further improved.
Example four:
the embodiment of the present invention further provides a control method of a liquid crystal grating 601, which is used for controlling the liquid crystal grating 601 according to the first embodiment, and the control method includes:
when the 3D display panel 60 using the liquid crystal grating 601 performs vertical 3D display, an electric field is formed between the first grating electrode 104 and the second grating electrode 105, and an electric signal is applied at intervals between the line driving lines 11 to make the liquid crystal layer partially transparent and partially opaque, so that the liquid crystal layer 103 forms a slit grating with alternating horizontal light and dark states;
when the 3D display panel 60 using the liquid crystal grating 601 performs horizontal 3D display, an electric field is formed between the first grating electrode 104 and the second grating electrode 105, and an electric signal is applied to each of the row driving lines 22 at intervals to make the liquid crystal layer partially transparent and partially opaque, so that the liquid crystal layer 103 forms a slit grating with longitudinal light and shade in an alternating manner;
when the 3D display panel 60 to which the liquid crystal barrier 601 is applied performs 2D display, the entire surface of the liquid crystal layer 103 transmits light without forming an electric field between the first barrier electrode 104 and the second barrier electrode 105.
In the control method of the liquid crystal grating 601 provided by the invention, when the plurality of row driving lines 11 are not powered by a signal and the plurality of column driving lines 22 are not powered by a signal, the control switches 33 connected with the row driving lines 11 and the column driving lines 22 are all turned off, no electric field is formed between the first grating electrode 104 and the second grating electrode 105, the liquid crystal layer 103 is transparent as a whole, and the 3D display panel 60 is in a 2D display mode; when an electric signal is applied to the plurality of row driving lines 11 at intervals and the plurality of column driving lines 22 are not powered, the control switch 33 connected with the row driving lines 11 applied with the electric signal is turned on, and the control switch 33 connected with the row driving lines 11 not applied with the electric signal and the column driving lines 22 not applied with the electric signal is turned off, so that the plurality of transversely arranged grating sub-electrodes 1041 are powered at intervals, an electric field is formed between the powered grating sub-electrode 1041 and the integral transparent electrode, when the electric field acts on the liquid crystal layer 103, the liquid crystal corresponding to the position of each grating sub-electrode 1041 applied with the electric signal is opaque to form a black stripe, the width of the black stripe is the same as the width of the grating sub-electrode 1041, the liquid crystal corresponding to the position of the grating sub-electrode 1041 not applied with the electric signal is transparent to form a transparent stripe, so that the liquid crystal layer 103 forms a plurality of light and dark stripes in the transverse direction, the liquid crystal deflects to form a barrier, thereby realizing a naked eye barrier type longitudinal 3D display effect, and the 3D display panel 60 is in a longitudinal 3D display mode; when an electric signal is applied to the plurality of row driving lines 22 at intervals and the plurality of row driving lines 11 are not powered by an electric signal, the control switch 33 connected with the row driving lines 22 applied with the electric signal is turned on, and the control switch 33 connected with the row driving lines 22 not powered by the electric signal and the row driving lines 11 not powered by the electric signal is turned off, so that the plurality of columns of vertically arranged grating sub-electrodes 1041 are powered at intervals, an electric field is formed between the powered grating sub-electrodes 1041 and the whole transparent electrode, when the electric field acts on the liquid crystal layer 103, liquid crystals corresponding to positions of the grating sub-electrodes 1041 applied with the electric signal are opaque, black stripes are formed, the width of the black stripes is the same as that of the grating sub-electrodes 1041, the liquid crystals corresponding to the positions of the grating sub-electrodes 1041 not applied with the electric signal are transparent, transparent stripes are formed, so that the liquid crystal layer 103 forms a plurality of light and dark stripes in the vertical direction, the liquid crystal is deflected to form a barrier, thereby realizing a naked eye barrier type horizontal 3D display effect, the 3D display panel 60 is in the horizontal 3D display mode, thereby enabling the 3D display panel 60 to realize not only the random switching between the 2D display mode and the horizontal display mode, but also can realize the random switching between the vertical switching 3D display mode and the random switching 3D display mode.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its spirit and scope. Are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A liquid crystal grating comprises an upper substrate and a lower substrate which are oppositely arranged, a first grating electrode formed on the upper substrate, and a second grating electrode formed on the lower substrate, wherein a liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first grating electrode and the second grating electrode; or,
the second grating electrode comprises a plurality of grating sub-electrodes arranged in an array manner, and the first grating electrode is an integral transparent electrode;
the plurality of grating sub-electrodes of each row are connected with a row driving line through a plurality of control switches, and the plurality of grating sub-electrodes of each column are connected with a column driving line through a plurality of control switches;
when the row driving lines are not powered by the signals and the column driving lines are not powered by the signals, the control switches connected with the row driving lines are disconnected, and the control switches connected with the column driving lines are also disconnected; when the electric signal is applied to the row driving line and the electric signal is not applied to the column driving line, the control switch connected with the row driving line is conducted, and the control switch connected with the column driving line is disconnected; conversely, when an electrical signal is applied to a column drive line and no electrical signal is applied to a row drive line, the control switch connected to the column drive line is turned on and the control switch connected to the row drive line is turned off.
2. The liquid crystal grating of claim 1, wherein the control switch comprises: and a thin film transistor.
3. The liquid crystal grating of claim 1, wherein the grating sub-electrodes are square in shape, and the spacing between each grating sub-electrode is equal.
4. The liquid crystal grating of claim 1, wherein the row drive lines are separated from the column drive lines by an insulating layer.
5. The liquid crystal grating of claim 1, further comprising a first alignment film layer disposed on a side of the first grating electrode facing the second grating electrode, and a second alignment film layer disposed on a side of the second grating electrode facing the first grating electrode.
6. The liquid crystal grating of claim 1, wherein the second grating electrode is made of an organic transparent conductive material and is an integral transparent electrode, the second grating electrode is used for receiving a common voltage signal and serving as an orientation film layer, and the liquid crystal grating further comprises an orientation film layer disposed on one side of the first grating electrode facing the second grating electrode; or,
the liquid crystal grating is characterized in that the first grating electrode is made of an organic transparent conductive material and is an integral transparent electrode, the first grating electrode is used for receiving a public voltage signal and serving as an orientation film layer, and the liquid crystal grating further comprises an orientation film layer arranged on one side, facing the first grating electrode, of the second grating electrode.
7. The liquid crystal grating of claim 6, wherein the organic transparent conductive material comprises one or more of: the composite material comprises a mixed material of acrylic resin and a nano silver wire, a mixed material of acrylic resin and a carbon nano tube, and a mixed material of polyimide resin and a carbon nano tube.
8. A3D display panel, comprising a 2D display screen, characterized by further comprising the liquid crystal grating according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the liquid crystal grating is disposed on the light-emitting side of the 2D display screen.
9. A 3D display device comprising the 3D display panel according to claim 8.
10. A method for controlling a liquid crystal grating according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising:
when the 3D display panel applying the liquid crystal grating is used for longitudinal 3D display, an electric field is formed between the first grating electrode and the second grating electrode, an electric signal is applied to each row driving wire at intervals, a plurality of column driving wires are not electrified with signals, a control switch connected with the row driving wire applying the electric signal is conducted, and the control switch connected with the row driving wire not electrified with signals and the column driving wire not electrified with signals is disconnected, so that a plurality of rows of transversely arranged grating sub-electrodes are electrified at intervals, an electric field is formed between the electrified grating sub-electrodes and the integral transparent electrode, liquid crystal is deflected to form a barrier fence, a liquid crystal layer is partially transparent and partially opaque, and the liquid crystal layer forms a slit grating with alternate transverse light and shade;
when the 3D display panel applying the liquid crystal grating carries out transverse 3D display, an electric field is formed between the first grating electrode and the second grating electrode, an electric signal is applied to each row driving wire at intervals, the plurality of row driving wires are not powered by electric signals, the control switch connected with the row driving wires applying the electric signals is conducted, the control switch connected with the row driving wires not powered by the electric signals and the row driving wires not powered by the electric signals is disconnected, so that the plurality of rows of grating sub-electrodes which are longitudinally arranged are powered at intervals, the electric field is formed between the powered grating sub-electrodes and the integral transparent electrode, liquid crystal is deflected to form a barrier fence, the liquid crystal layer is partially transparent and partially opaque, and the liquid crystal layer forms a slit grating with longitudinal light and shade at intervals;
when the 3D display panel using the liquid crystal grating is used for 2D display, an electric field is not formed between the first grating electrode and the second grating electrode, so that the whole surface of the liquid crystal layer is transparent.
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| CN107153306A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-09-12 | 深圳超多维光电子有限公司 | Liquid crystal slit grating, 3 d display device and intelligent terminal |
| CN107272273A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-10-20 | 深圳超多维科技有限公司 | Liquid crystal slit grating, 3 d display device and intelligent terminal |
| CN108563050B (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2020-10-30 | 成都天马微电子有限公司 | Liquid crystal phase shifter and antenna |
| CN108919546B (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2022-08-16 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display panel, control method thereof and display device |
| CN108615962B (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2020-06-30 | 成都天马微电子有限公司 | Liquid crystal phase shifter and antenna |
| CN108808181B (en) | 2018-07-20 | 2020-05-29 | 成都天马微电子有限公司 | Liquid crystal phase shifter and antenna |
| CN110031996B (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2021-11-16 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display panel, preparation method and control method thereof and display device |
| CN110187562B (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2021-11-30 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Liquid crystal display device and display device |
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