CN106124453A - A kind of NO2the apparatus and method of concentration distribution detection - Google Patents
A kind of NO2the apparatus and method of concentration distribution detection Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/39—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using tunable lasers
Abstract
The invention belongs to laser spectrum tech application, be specifically related to a kind of NO2The apparatus and method of concentration distribution detection.By vertical with second laser for the first laser instrument 90 degree of placements, second laser passes through half-wave plate, makes the polarization state 90-degree rotation launching laser beam of second laser so that the polarization state launching laser beam of the first laser instrument and second laser is vertical direction；After this, the laser beam that the first laser instrument and second laser send is via 45 degree of polarization spectroscopes synthesis light beams placed, then is transmitted in air after being collimated by laser beam emitting device；The backscatter signal of the laser beam being transmitted in air is collected via laser receiver, after bandpass filter filters the atmospheric background signal, is imaged onto on a tilted-putted imageing sensor.Use apparatus and method of the present invention, greatly simplifie system structure, reduce system cost, improve the stability of system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser spectrum tech application, be specifically related to a kind of NO2The device of concentration distribution detection and side
Method.
Background technology
Laser radar (Light Detection and Ranging, Lidar) technology is that a kind of active optical remote sensing is visited
Survey technology, it has uniqueness at aspects such as height/spatial resolution, detectivity, capacity of resisting disturbance and monitorings in real time
Advantage.Since laser instrument comes out, American-European countries begins to be applied in atmosphere environment supervision laser radar technique.Difference is inhaled
Receiving laser radar (DIAL) technology is a kind of specific form in laser radar technique.DIAL technology is for the absorption of gas with various
Spectral line, large-scale pulsed laser (a branch of wavelength is positioned at gas to be measured to launch the laser pulse of different wave length successively in air
The position such as absworption peak that body absorption intensity is big, is designated as λon；The most a branch of wavelength is positioned at the position that GAS ABSORPTION intensity to be measured is little
Such as absorb paddy, be designated as λoff), and detect, analyze its backscatter signal thus obtain gas to be measured concentration in an atmosphere and divide
Cloth.Currently, the DIAL technology of main flow depends on the light pulse launching nanosecond order in air, and by time-resolved
Mode detects the backscatter signal in different distance, thus finally achieves atmospheric gas (such as NO2) concentration detection.DIAL
Technology has the advantage of uniqueness owing to possessing distance resolution.Utilize the detection of pulsed DIAL technology big
During gas dusty gas, system is harsh to the requirement of light source, needs tunable dual wavelength, high pulse energy, narrow linewidth and stability
Good nanosecond order (10-100ns) light-pulse generator, this perplexs the main bugbear of international academic community and the current world in this field just
The focus of research, is also the main reason limiting its commercial applications.
At first technology [1] (Ryoichi Toriumi, Hideo Tai, Nobuo Takeuchi, " Tunable solid-
state blue laser differentialabsorption lidar system for NO2monitoring,”
Opt.Eng.35 (8) 2,371 2375,1996) in, by Nd:YAG laser pumping Ti:Sapphire laser instrument employing and frequency
Mode produce near 450nm tunable pulse type laser output.The laser pulse being transmitted in air, is looked in the distance by reception
The backscatter signal that mirror is collected and differentiated by photomultiplier tube detection range.Enter eventually through difference absorption spectrum analytic process
Row data analysis, it is thus achieved that NO in air2Concentration distribution.In the art, the atmospheric laser radar signal in different distance
It is to be resolved by the time of light pulse return laser light reception device or detector.The method light source, photodetection structure are multiple
Miscellaneous, poor stability, with high costs, it is difficult to actual application.
At first technology [2] (Shunxing Hu, et.al., " A new differential absorption lidar
for NO2measurements uing Raman-shifted technique,”Chinese Optics Letters 1(8)
435-437,2003) in, use Nd:YAG laser instrument pumping D respectively2And CH4The mode of gas cell, produce 395.60nm and
396.82nm pulse laser exports, and uses the mode being similar to first technology [1] to carry out acquisition of signal, finally achieves in air
NO2The detection of concentration distribution.But, still there is light source, photodetection structure complexity, poor stability, with high costs in the method,
The problem being difficult to actual application.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of NO2The apparatus and method of concentration distribution detection, effectively overcome NO in background technology2Concentration is divided
Cloth detects the light source, photodetection structure complexity, poor stability, with high costs faced, it is difficult to the bottleneck problems such as actual application.
Technical scheme:
A kind of NO2The device of concentration distribution detection, including the first laser instrument, second laser, half-wave plate, polarization spectro
Mirror, laser beam emitting device, laser receiver, bandpass filter and imageing sensor.By the first laser instrument and second laser
Vertical 90 degree of placements, the laser beam of second laser passes through half-wave plate, makes the polarization launching laser beam of second laser
State 90-degree rotation so that the polarization state launching laser beam of the first laser instrument and second laser is vertical direction；This it
After, the laser beam that the first laser instrument and second laser send synthesizes light beams via 45 degree of polarization spectroscopes placed,
It is transmitted in air after being collimated by laser beam emitting device again；
The backscatter signal of the laser beam being transmitted in air is collected via laser receiver, through bandpass filter
After sheet filters the atmospheric background signal, it is imaged onto on a tilted-putted imageing sensor (such as CCD or cmos sensor etc.)；?
Under conditions of meeting Sharpe image-forming principle, the imageing sensor laser beam to being transmitted in air carries out blur-free imaging, different
Pixel correspond to laser beam imaging in different distance, it is achieved the Range resolution of the backscatter signal intensity of air is visited
Survey；By analyzing contrast λonWavelength and λoffThe atmospheric backscatter light signal strength distribution P of wave length laser beamson, Poff, can
Calculate the NO in air2Concentration is distributed.
Described imageing sensor, laser receiver and laser beam emitting device meets following relation: imageing sensor institute
In plane, the lens place plane such as (or parabolic mirror) of laser receiver and optical axis position, laser beam emitting device place
Put (namely launching light beam place light path) three to intersect, meet Scheimpflug image-forming principle (Sharpe image-forming principle).
The first described laser instrument and second laser are diode laser, and its operation wavelength is by temperature and drives electricity
Flow control, is respectively locked at NO by wavelength2The upper bigger and less part of absorption intensity of absorption line (300-600nm), claims respectively
For λonAnd λoffWavelength.
Described laser beam emitting device is made up of lens or battery of lens.
The transmission peak wavelength of described bandpass filter and the operation wavelength of the first laser instrument and second laser match, also
The optical signal that the first laser instrument can be allowed to launch laser beam wavelength identical with second laser passes through.
Described laser receiver is made up of lens or battery of lens, or is made up of reflective imaging system.
Described imageing sensor can be array image sensor or line scan image sensor.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
NO of the present invention2The apparatus and method of concentration distribution detection, employing imageing sensor is as photodetector, and is expiring
The Range resolution achieving the back scattering optical signal to the light beam being transmitted in air under conditions of foot Sharpe image-forming principle is visited
Survey, very big simplify system structure, reduce system requirements.In the condition that need not high-power nanosecond order light-pulse generator
Under, employing continuous light diode laser is as light source, by regulation operating temperature so that its wavelength lays respectively at NO2Suction
Receive peak and absorb on paddy, it is achieved the differential absorbing detection of Range resolution.Use this technical scheme, greatly simplifie system knot
Structure, reduces system cost, improves the stability of system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is to need the geometrical relationship met to put down between laser beam emitting device, laser receiver and imageing sensor three
Face figure, namely Sharpe image-forming principle schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is NO2At the absorption spectra line chart of ultraviolet to visible light wave range, the first laser instrument and the operating wave of second laser
Length is positioned at NO2In the range of absorption spectra at different absorption intensities, respectively λonAnd λoff。(a)NO2Gas is in the range of 300-600nm
Absorption spectra line chart；(b)NO2Gas absorption spectrum line partial enlarged drawing and λonAnd λoffWavelength is relative to position view.
Fig. 3 is NO2The installation drawing of concentration distribution detection.
In figure: 1 first laser instrument；2 second lasers；3 half-wave plates；4 polarization spectroscopes；
5 laser beam emitting devices；6 laser receivers；7 bandpass filters；8 imageing sensors.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and technical scheme, the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment
A kind of NO2The method of concentration distribution detection, step is as follows:
A, control the first laser instrument and the temperature of second laser and drive electric current, output it wavelength and be locked in respectively
NO2Relatively big (the λ of absorption intensity on gas absorption spectrum lineon) and less part (λoff), the first laser instrument and the wavelength of second laser
Design standard is: NO2Gas is at λonAnd λoffDifferent absorption intensities is had on two wavelength.
B, the output beam of the first laser instrument and second laser is coupled into light beam by polarization spectroscope, this Shu Guang
Restraint and be transmitted among air after collimating via laser beam emitting device.Wherein the polarization state of the output beam of second laser is by half-wave
Sheet realizes 90 degree of rotations.
C, the driving electric current of second laser is set to 0 or less than after operation threshold, closes second laser；Control the
One laser drive current, to higher than operation threshold, launches laser beam, and the persistent period of laser beam is designated as T1, is transmitted into big
After the first laser device laser light beam in gas is via the particulate matter back scattering in air, collected by laser receiver, via
After bandpass filter filters the atmospheric background signal, then realized photodetection by imageing sensor, the signal intensity that recorded (if
For array image sensor, need to add up with the image pixel intensities of laser beam imaging vertical direction) it is λonWavelength big
Gas backscatter signal intensity P1；
D, the first laser drive current is set to 0 or less than after operation threshold, closes the first laser instrument；Control second
Laser drive current, to higher than operation threshold, launches laser beam, the persistent period of laser beam and the first laser in step C
The launch time of device is identical (T1), and the second laser laser beam being transmitted in air dissipates via the particulate matter in air is backward
After penetrating, collected by laser receiver, after filtering the atmospheric background signal via bandpass filter, then realized light by imageing sensor
Electrical resistivity survey is surveyed, and the signal intensity recorded (if array image sensor, needs the picture with laser beam imaging vertical direction
Element intensity adds up) it is λoffThe atmospheric backscatter signal intensity P2 of wavelength.
E, the first laser drive current is set to 0 or less than after operation threshold, closes the first laser instrument；Swash second
Light device drives electric current to be set to 0 or less than after operation threshold, closes second laser；Laser receiver collects the atmospheric background letter
Number, imageing sensor carries out photodetection with the time (T1) identical with step C, gathers the atmospheric background signal, is recorded
Signal intensity (if array image sensor, need to add up with the image pixel intensities of laser beam imaging vertical direction)
For P3；
F, calculating P1 P3, P2 P3 respectively obtain the first laser instrument (λonWavelength) and second laser (λoffWavelength) big
Gas backscatter signal intensity PonAnd Poff。
G, repetition step C-F, to n times (N can be random natural number), take n times PonAnd PoffThe meansigma methods of signal is designated as respectively
Pon-avgAnd Poff-avg；
H, system calibration: known fixing object of system being adjusted the distance measures, and note down and reflected by fixing object
Laser beam is in the position of imageing sensor.According to geometry image-forming principle, image sensor pixel can be calculated and measure distance
Between relation.
The imageing sensor obtained in I, integrating step F and the relation measured between distance, according to atmospheric laser radar side
Journey (such as formula 1 or its variation), can ask for NO2Gas concentration distribution C (z):
Wherein, σ (λon) it is NO2Gas is at λonAbsorption cross-section at wavelength or equivalent absorption cross section, σ (λoff) it is NO2Gas
At λoffAbsorption cross-section at wavelength or equivalent absorption cross section, z is distance,It it is the differentiating operator adjusted the distance.Above content is knot
Close optimal technical scheme further description that the present invention is done, it is impossible to assert invention be embodied as be only limitted to these and say
Bright.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, on the premise of without departing from the design of the present invention, it is also possible to
Make simple deduction and replacement, all should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a NO2The device of concentration distribution detection, it is characterised in that this device include the first laser instrument, second laser, half
Wave plate, polarization spectroscope, laser beam emitting device, laser receiver, bandpass filter and imageing sensor, by the first laser instrument
90 degree placements vertical with second laser, second laser passes through half-wave plate, and make second laser launches the inclined of laser beam
Polarization state 90-degree rotation so that the polarization state launching laser beam of the first laser instrument and second laser is vertical direction；At this
Afterwards, the laser beam that the first laser instrument and second laser send is via 45 degree of polarization spectroscope synthesis light beams placed
Bundle, then be transmitted in air after being collimated by laser beam emitting device；
The backscatter signal of the laser beam being transmitted in air is collected via laser receiver, filters through bandpass filter
After the atmospheric background signal, it is imaged onto on a tilted-putted imageing sensor；Under conditions of meeting Sharpe image-forming principle,
The imageing sensor laser beam to being transmitted in air carries out blur-free imaging, and different pixels correspond to laser in different distance
Light beam imaging, it is achieved the Range resolution detection to the backscatter signal intensity of air；By analyzing contrast λonWavelength and λoffRipple
Intensity P of long atmospheric backscatter optical signalon, Poff, calculate the NO in air2Concentration is distributed.
Device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described imageing sensor, laser receiver and laser
Discharger meets following relation: imageing sensor place plane, the lens place plane of laser receiver and Laser emission
Device place optical axis position three is intersected, and meets Sharpe image-forming principle.
Device the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the first described laser instrument and second laser are diode
Laser instrument, its operation wavelength is by temperature and drives electric current to control, and wavelength is respectively locked at NO2Absorption intensity on absorption line
Relatively big and smaller part, is referred to as λonAnd λoffWavelength.
Device the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described laser beam emitting device is by lens or battery of lens structure
Become；Described laser receiver is made up of lens, battery of lens or reflective imaging system.
Device the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described imageing sensor is array image sensor or line
Array image sensor.
6. the arbitrary described device of claim 1-5 is for NO2The method of concentration distribution detection, it is characterised in that step is such as
Under:
A. control the first laser instrument and the temperature of second laser and drive electric current, outputting it wavelength and be locked in NO respectively2Gas
The bigger λ of absorption intensity on body absorption lineonLess part λoff, the wavelength design standard of the first laser instrument and second laser
It is: NO2Gas is at λonAnd λoffDifferent absorption intensities is had on two wavelength；
B. the output beam of the first laser instrument and second laser is coupled into light beam by polarization spectroscope, this light beam via
It is transmitted in air after laser beam emitting device collimation；Wherein, the polarization state of the output beam of second laser is realized by half-wave plate
90 degree of rotations；
C. the driving electric current of second laser is set to 0 or less than after operation threshold, closes second laser；Control first to swash
Light device drives electric current to higher than operation threshold, launches laser beam, and the persistent period of laser beam is designated as T1, is transmitted in air
The first laser device laser light beam via the particulate matter back scattering in air after, collected by laser receiver, logical via band
After optical filter filters the atmospheric background signal, then being realized photodetection by imageing sensor, the signal intensity recorded is λonWavelength
Atmospheric backscatter signal intensity P1；
If imageing sensor is array image sensor, will add up with the image pixel intensities of laser beam imaging vertical direction；
D. the first laser drive current is set to 0 or less than after operation threshold, closes the first laser instrument；Control the second laser
Device drives electric current to higher than operation threshold, launches laser beam, the persistent period of laser beam and the first laser instrument in step C
Launch time, T1 was identical, after the second laser laser beam being transmitted in air is via the particulate matter back scattering in air,
Collected by laser receiver, after filtering the atmospheric background signal via bandpass filter, then realized light electrical resistivity survey by imageing sensor
Surveying, the signal intensity recorded is λoffThe atmospheric backscatter signal intensity P2 of wavelength；
If imageing sensor is array image sensor, will add up with the image pixel intensities of laser beam imaging vertical direction；
E. the first laser drive current is set to 0 or less than after operation threshold, closes the first laser instrument；By second laser
Drive electric current to be set to 0 or less than after operation threshold, close second laser；Laser receiver collects the atmospheric background signal,
Imageing sensor carries out photodetection with the time T1 identical with step C, gathers the atmospheric background signal, and the signal recorded is strong
Degree is P3；
If imageing sensor is array image sensor, will add up with the image pixel intensities of laser beam imaging vertical direction；
F. calculate P1 P3, P2 P3 and respectively obtain the first laser instrument λonWavelength and second laser λoffThe air of wavelength is backward to be dissipated
Penetrate signal intensity PonAnd Poff；
G. repeating step C-F is natural number to n times, N, takes n times PonAnd PoffThe meansigma methods of signal is designated as P respectivelyon-avgWith
Poff-avg；
H. system calibration: known fixing object of system being adjusted the distance measures, and notes down the laser reflected by fixing object
Light beam is in the position of imageing sensor；According to geometry image-forming principle, calculate image sensor pixel and measure between distance
Relation；
I. the imageing sensor that obtains in integrating step F and the relation measured between distance, according to atmospheric laser radar equation, as
Formula 1, asks for NO2Gas concentration distribution C (z):
Wherein, σ (λon) it is NO2Gas is at λonAbsorption cross-section at wavelength or equivalent absorption cross section, σ (λoff) it is NO2Gas exists
λoffAbsorption cross-section at wavelength or equivalent absorption cross section, z is distance,It it is the differentiating operator adjusted the distance.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107884347A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-04-06 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Based on wideband light source night Pollution Gas vertical distribution telemetering equipment and method |
| CN108828625A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-11-16 | 安徽科创中光科技有限公司 | The device and method of one seed sand formula theorem imaging laser radar inverting atmospheric visibility |
| CN110470630A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2019-11-19 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of distribution type fiber-optic gas sensor based on difference modes |
| CN111579449A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-08-25 | 泛测（北京）环境科技有限公司 | Atmospheric particulate pollutant space scanning early warning method and device |
| CN113075684A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-06 | 浙江师范大学 | Novel Sas atmosphere laser radar based on TDLAS technology |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107884347A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-04-06 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Based on wideband light source night Pollution Gas vertical distribution telemetering equipment and method |
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| CN111579449A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-08-25 | 泛测（北京）环境科技有限公司 | Atmospheric particulate pollutant space scanning early warning method and device |
| CN113075684A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-06 | 浙江师范大学 | Novel Sas atmosphere laser radar based on TDLAS technology |
| CN113075684B (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2023-09-19 | 浙江师范大学 | Novel sand's atmosphere laser radar based on TDLAS technology |
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Application publication date: 20161116 |
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