CN106124362A - A kind of ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer and viscosity determining procedure - Google Patents
A kind of ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer and viscosity determining procedure Download PDFInfo
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- CN106124362A CN106124362A CN201610396881.2A CN201610396881A CN106124362A CN 106124362 A CN106124362 A CN 106124362A CN 201610396881 A CN201610396881 A CN 201610396881A CN 106124362 A CN106124362 A CN 106124362A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
- G01N2011/006—Determining flow properties indirectly by measuring other parameters of the system
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Abstract
A kind of ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer, including frame, rheometer test unit, ultrasonic vibration installation, tool heads Motion loading unit, ultrasonic vibration installation is provided with and can in axial direction stretch into plasticizing chamber and the polymer of plasticizing intracavity provides extruding force and polymer provides the Ultrasonic probe being melted to ultrasonic energy needed for liquid by solid-state, heat is melted by the present invention, supersonic vibration increases mobility, three steps of pressing materials are all completed by Ultrasonic probe, three steps all complete at plasticizing intracavity, simplify transport path, the heating collar that required initial temperature is provided it is arranged with into plasticizing process outside barrel, constant barrel temperature is provided for flow graph, reduce test error, drainage screen it is provided with in barrel, the polymer after melting is made more to concentrate, improve test accuracy simultaneously.The viscosity determining procedure of the present invention heats precisely in test process, and the melting time is short, little by external environment influence, applied range, and the viscosity data accuracy drawn is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rheological properties of polymer materials detection technique, particularly, relate to a kind of ultrasonic plasticizing capillary flow
Become instrument and viscosity determining procedure.
Background technology
In recent years, flourish along with minute manufacturing technology, micro injection molding technology based on polymeric material is at light
The high-tech area such as electricity communication, image transmission, biochemical medical treatment, information storage, precision optical machinery achieves and is widely applied.Existing micro-
Injection (mo(u)lding) machine uses screw rod or plunger plasticizing mode due to more, there is a plastics capacity excessive, injection volume and micro-volume of part
Serious unmatched problem, causes Forming Quality poor stability, waste of material serious.Yet with the difference of plasticizing mode, super
After sound plasticizing there is certain diversity in the rheological property of melt, and polymer melt is at supersonic vibration and the coupling of microscopic heat conduction
Under cooperation, present increasingly complex flow behavior.The rheological property of polymer is the important ginseng during micro injection molding
Number, mainly shows as the viscosity of molten polymer, the forming process of appreciable impact injection molded article.Characterize ultrasonic moulding accurately
The rheological property of polymer during change micro injection molding, for promoting ultrasonic plasticizing micro injection molding technology at polymer micro-zero
Part manufactures the application in field, improves polymer micro-part manufacture level significant.
For the test of the rheological property of molten polymer, Chinese scholars conducts in-depth research, in particular by
The test mode of capillary rheometer, has defined the test system of maturation the most.Chinese patent CN200710006531.1 carries
Go out introducing ultrasonic generator on the basis of capillary rheometer, be used for measuring supersonic vibration to molten polymer rheological characteristic energy
Impact；Chinese patent CN200710103864.6 proposes a kind of novel high polymer system rheological performance detector, is used for testing
Supercritical fluid and ultrasonic irradiation are on high polymer system rheological performance and the impact of extrusion moulding product performance.
Because all simply introducing ultrasound wave in the polymer that heating melt extrudes in above-mentioned patent, its ultrasound wave is mainly used
In providing ultrasonic energy to the polymer after adding heat fusing, to strengthen the mobility of the polymer after melting, but adding in early stage
Not adding supersonic vibration during heat fusing, therefore, the lifting to the mobility of polymer is limited, and different flow graphs,
It is the most different that polymer after it is melted is delivered to the conditions such as capillary die paths traversed from heating unit, therefore,
The result that different rheometer tests goes out has difference；And for same flow graph, it is also possible to owing to external condition is (such as environment
Temperature) change, and cause and there are differences between the test result of different periods；So far be the most also formed without both at home and abroad unified,
The testing standard being widely recognized as.Because of a little, need a kind of test condition stable, by the little flow graph of conveyance conduit structure influence,
Thus data are tested in the foundation offer for polymeric rheology performance analysis and relevant criterion accurately.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim at providing a kind of ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer and viscosity determining procedure, to solve background skill
The problem proposed in art.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer, including frame and set respectively
Put the rheometer test unit in frame, ultrasonic vibration installation, tool heads Motion loading unit；Described rheometer test unit includes
The barrel (21) being arranged in frame, is provided with the plasticizing chamber (210) of column structure inside barrel, barrel bottom is fixed with and will plastify
The capillary die (22) that chamber lower port seals, described ultrasonic vibration installation is positioned at above barrel, and ultrasonic vibration installation is provided with
Can in axial direction stretch into plasticizing chamber the polymer of plasticizing intracavity provides extruding force and polymer offer is melted to by solid-state
The Ultrasonic probe (31) of the ultrasonic energy needed for liquid, ultrasonic vibration installation is fixed on described tool heads Motion loading unit
On, and tool heads Motion loading unit can drive ultrasonic vibration installation to move along the direction of axis line of Ultrasonic probe so that super
The Ultrasonic probe of sonic vibration device can stretch into plasticizing intracavity gradually downward from barrel top, is arranged with for plasticizing outside barrel
Chamber provides the heating collar (23) of required initial temperature.
Further, barrel cylinder is equipped with stretches into plasticizing intracavity and be positioned at the pressure sensing near plasticizing chamber lower port
Device (24) and temperature sensor A (25), pressure transducer is for sensing the pressure of capillary die porch, temperature sensor A
For detecting real time temperature the molten condition of monitoring polymer of plasticizing intracavity polymer.
Further, capillary die die body is equipped with the temperature sensor B (221) stretching into capillary flow path, temperature
Sensor B by the polymer-melt temperature of capillary die, calculates polymer at different temperatures to facilitate for detection
Viscosity number.
Further, the bottom end face of Ultrasonic probe is installed with heating plate (311) so that heating plate can be as polymer
Auxiliary heat source.
Further, described barrel includes upper barrel (211) and blanking tube (212), the blanking tube being superimposed up and down
It is respectively arranged with through hole A (2111) and inner chamber A (2112) from top to bottom, and through hole A (2111) and inner chamber A (2112) is at blanking tube
Upper connection constitutes an overall through hole, and blanking tube top is fixed with the upper barrel of band through hole B (2121), and through hole A and through hole B
Internal diameter is equal and coaxial, and the plasticizing chamber (210) in barrel is connected by through hole A (2111) and through hole B (2121) and constitutes, described capillary
Mouth of pipe mould is installed in inner chamber A and outlet under through hole A is blocked, the capillary flow path (222) on capillary die and through hole A and
Through hole B is coaxially disposed, and capillary flow path upper port connects with through hole A lower port, and capillary flow path lower port is communicated to blanking tube
Outward；
Be folded with between blanking tube and upper barrel plasticizing chamber is divided into two sections be used for filter the most melted granular poly-
The drainage screen (26) of compound, the test lead of described pressure transducer stretch in through hole A and be positioned at capillary die and drainage screen it
Between, so that polymer melt flows downwardly through drainage screen under the pressure and self gravitation effect of Ultrasonic probe and quickly concentrates
In through hole A, and prevent the granular polymer not melted from affecting pressure transducer institute in through hole A under the extruding of Ultrasonic probe
The pressure of the complete molten polymer recorded, i.e. ensures that polymer beads passes through filter screen stream in upper barrel after ultrasonic plastifying fusion
Enter ability and pressure sensor contacts in blanking tube, to obtain stable pressure data and to avoid the damage of pressure transducer tabletting；
Described temperature sensor A arranges position higher than drainage screen so that polymer is fully melted and melt liquid level arrives more than drainage screen
Temperature sensor location A at after, temperature sensor A is again by the molten condition of Temperature Feedback polymer.
Described tool heads Motion loading unit includes that driving means (41), guide rail (42), slide block (43) and ultrasonic movement are flat
Platform (44), the ultrasonic transducer (33) of ultrasonic vibration installation is installed on described ultrasonic mobile platform, described guide rail along with mould
Change the parallel direction of cavity axis to arrange, ultrasonic mobile platform be installed with the described slide block that can slidably reciprocate along guide rail, described in drive
Dynamic device is connected with ultrasonic mobile platform, and driving means drives ultrasonic mobile platform to slidably reciprocate along guide rail and drive ultrasonic waves
The Ultrasonic probe (31) of energy device end stretches into or exits plasticizing chamber.
Described driving means includes servomotor (411), motor mount (412), decelerator (413), shaft coupling
(414), ball-screw (415), feed screw nut (416), described servomotor and decelerator are arranged on machine by motor mount
On frame, described ball-screw is connected with decelerator by shaft coupling, and described ultrasonic mobile platform is enclosed within ball by feed screw nut
On leading screw, being arranged on guide rail by slide block of ultrasonic mobile platform, servomotor rotates and drives ball screw turns, ball wire
Thick stick drives ultrasonic mobile platform along slide by feed screw nut.
Further, described capillary die (22) includes two half modules being separated in half setting, and capillary flow path is by two
Individual half module is split into two halves along axis, is cased with the mouth die lock tube (225) being combined by two half module hoops outside two half modules, and mouth die is locked
Set inwall is provided with and adapts to the inner conical surface of different capillary die size or interior cascaded surface.
Preferably, the material of described half module is tungsten carbide, and mouth die lock tube material is steel alloy.
Further, described frame is installed with the lead (5) arranged along plasticizing chamber direction of axis line, lead hangs down
Direct puncture is provided with the installing plate (6) that can slide up and down along lead, and described rheometer test unit is fixing on a mounting board, so that
The position-adjustable of rheometer test unit, installing plate is provided with installing plate can be made to be fixed on the locking of optional position on lead
Parts, so that the rheometer test unit after adjusting position can be fixed.
Further, described installing plate includes the lower installation board (61) being connected with rheometer test unit bottom and is positioned at rheology
Upper mounting plate (62) above test cell, upper mounting plate is installed with guide plate (621), and it is same that guide plate is provided with and plastifies chamber
The guide through hole (622) of axle, described guide through hole is taper hole, and the small bore end of guide through hole is directed at downwards plasticizing chamber upper port and little
Nose end internal diameter is equal or slightly larger than plasticizing intracavity footpath, and the big nose end of guide through hole is upwards directed at Ultrasonic probe and big nose end internal diameter
More than Ultrasonic probe diameter.It is respectively arranged with on upper mounting plate and lower installation board and upper mounting plate and lower installation board can be made to be fixed on
The locking member of optional position on lead, so that the equal scalable in the position of rheometer test unit and guide plate；
Alignment rheometer test unit is offered and for installing the via A (623) of guide plate (621) on upper mounting plate, under
Offering alignment rheometer test unit on installing plate makes polymer flow in capillary flow path to the mistake below rheometer test unit
Hole B (611).
Further, described ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer also includes being arranged in frame and being positioned at capillary flow path
The electronic weighing device (7) of lower section, electronic weighing device is used for catching the polymer of capillary flow path lower port outflow and weighing,
To facilitate the flow calculating polymer, according to the die swelling situation of the traffic conditions analyzing polymers of polymer.
Further, between described rheometer test unit and upper mounting plate, (i.e. between barrel and guide plate) is heat insulation every being provided with
Pad A (624), is folded with heat insulating mattress B (612) between rheometer test unit and lower installation board.
Further, described tool heads Motion loading unit is provided with the displacement transducer of detection Ultrasonic probe displacement
(45)。
Further, this ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer is additionally provided with controller, described heating collar, ultrasonic vibration installation,
Pressure transducer, temperature sensor A, temperature sensor B, heating plate, electronic weighing device, displacement transducer and tool heads motion
The driving means of loading unit is controlled by controller electrical connection.
Preferably, described controller is PLC
According to described ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer, present invention also offers a kind of viscosity determining procedure, including following
Step:
1) capillary die selecting required size loads rheometer test unit；
2) connect the power supply of heating collar, make the temperature of barrel be maintained in required start temperature ranges；
3) adding polymer beads toward barrel plasticizing intracavity, start tool heads Motion loading unit, Ultrasonic probe is downward
Move and stretch into plasticizing intracavity to polymer contact compress polymer；
4) start ultrasonic vibration apparatus, polymer is transmitted ultrasonic energy by Ultrasonic probe, make polymer beads by
Gradually melting, Ultrasonic probe continues to decline simultaneously, and the polymer of plasticizing intracavity keeps compacted state, and its Ultrasonic probe provides
The frequency of ultrasound wave be 20～40KHz, ultrasonic amplitude is 10～30 μm；
5) continue polymer is transmitted ultrasonic energy, arrive at temperature sensor location A to polymer melt liquid level, temperature
Degree sensors A detects that plasticizing intracavity polymer temperature arrives the melt temperature of polymer, and Ultrasonic probe is in the basis of step 4
Upper continuation slowly moves down, and makes molten polymer flow out from capillary flow path lower port；
6) read the numerical value of pressure transducer, and combine the decrease speed of Ultrasonic probe, Ultrasonic probe diameter, capillary
Pipe flow diameter, the viscosity of capillary flow path length computation polymer, viscosity calculations step is as follows:
A. according to fluid mechanics principle, pressCalculating the shear stress being subject to of polymer melt, wherein τ is for cutting
Shearing stress, Δ P is the pressure differential between capillary flow path two-port, and Δ P counts through Bagley correction according to the numerical value of pressure transducer
Drawing, d is capillary flow path internal diameter, and l is capillary pipe length；
B. according to fluid mechanics principle, pressCalculating the apparent shear rate of polymer melt, wherein γ is
Shear rate, D is tool heads diameter, and V is tool heads decrease speed, and d is capillary flow path internal diameter；
C. the γ-value calculated step B carries out non newtonian correction, calculates true shear rate γ after correction1, then
According to newton law of viscosity formula, pressCalculate the viscosity of polymer melt.
Further, described viscosity determining procedure also includes step 7): repeat step 1～the process of 6, and change initial temperature
Any one parameter in degree, supersonic frequency, ultrasonic amplitude, Ultrasonic probe pressure, mouth die size or several parameter, calculate difference
Polymer viscosity value under initial temperature, supersonic frequency, ultrasonic amplitude, Ultrasonic probe pressure, mouth die size, thus reflect
The rheological property of polymer, provides reference frame more accurately for polymer parts processing.
Beneficial effect: in the ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer of the present invention, Ultrasonic probe is as ultrasonic activation energy
While amount source, also instead of original plunger and material provides extruding force, the present invention is melted by heat, supersonic vibration increases stream
Dynamic property, three steps of pressing materials are all completed by Ultrasonic probe, and three steps all complete at plasticizing intracavity, simplify conveying
Path, it is to avoid originally due to the different impact on rheology testing in conveying path.
In the ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer of the present invention, it is arranged with outside barrel and provides required initial temperature into plasticizing process
Heating collar, and plasticizing chamber and capillary flow path be arranged in barrel, is in the temperature-control range of heating collar, contributes to
Under the conditions of different ambient temperatures, provide constant barrel temperature for flow graph, reduce test error.
In the ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer of the present invention, Ultrasonic probe uses servomotor to drive operation, it is achieved
The constant speed and constant pressure extrusion of high temperature polymer melt, and movement rate scope and the stability of Ultrasonic probe can be significantly improved.
In the ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer of the present invention, barrel is divided into barrel and two parts of blanking tube, upper barrel
And it is folded with the drainage screen that may filter that the most melted granular polymer between blanking tube, prevents the granular polymer not melted
Under the extruding of Ultrasonic probe, affect in through hole A the pressure of complete molten polymer measured by pressure transducer, improve and survey
Examination accuracy.
In the ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer of the present invention, frame is installed with along leading that plasticizing chamber direction of axis line is arranged
Xiang Zhu, lead is vertically equipped with the installing plate that can slide up and down along lead, and rheometer test unit is fixing on a mounting board,
The position of rheometer test unit can change, to adapt to different length, the Ultrasonic probe of different lift path.
The mouth die lock tube of the present invention is taper or step structure, is adapted to various sizes of capillary tube, and capillary tube
Mouth die is divided in half into two half modules, and capillary flow path is separated in half by two half modules, capillary flow path for convenience detach and cleaning.
The mouth die lock tube of the present invention selects the steel alloy that intensity is higher, on the one hand can be solid by the two of center half modules
It is scheduled on together, on the other hand can overcome the fragility of tungsten carbide material, extend the life-span of capillary tube.
The viscosity determining procedure of the present invention utilizes ultrasound wave dither to make polymer molecule shake in test process
Moving and generate heat melted, it is not necessary to additionally arrange the hot melt equipment that adds of early stage, simplify equipment and testing process, heating is accurate, and
Polymer chemistry bond fission can be made to reduce the relative molecular mass of polymer by supersonic vibration, shorten the melted of polymer
Time, melted speed is fast, and each test condition is easily controlled, and the viscosity data accuracy drawn is high, and test process is by external environment condition
Affect little, applied range.
In addition to objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention also has other objects, features and advantages.
Below with reference to figure, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The accompanying drawing of the part constituting the application is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, and the present invention's is schematic real
Execute example and illustrate for explaining the present invention, being not intended that inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the main pseudosection of the rheometer test unit of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the capillary die sectional axonometric drawing of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
In figure: 10-switch board, 11-upper spider, 12-lower bearing bracket, 13-travelling wheel, 21-barrel, 210-plastifies chamber, on 211-
Barrel, 2111-through hole A, 2112-inner chamber A, 212-blanking tube, 2121-through hole B, 22-capillary die, 221-temperature sensor
B, 222-capillary flow path, 223-half module A, 224-half module B, 225-mouth die lock tube, 23-heating collar, 24-pressure transducer, 25-
Temperature sensor A, 26-drainage screen, 27-mounting seat, 28-mouth die locking nut, 29-sunk screw, 31-Ultrasonic probe,
311-heating plate, 32-supersonic generator, 33-ultrasonic transducer, 41-driving means, 411-servomotor, 412-motor
Mounting seat, 413-decelerator, 414-shaft coupling, 415-ball-screw, 416-feed screw nut, 42-guide rail, 43-slide block, 44-surpasses
Sound mobile platform, 45-angular displacement sensor, 5-lead, 61-lower installation board, the upper peace of 611-via B, 612-heat insulating mattress B, 62-
Dress plate, 621-guide plate, 622-guide through hole, 623-via A, 624-heat insulating mattress A, 7-electronic weighing device.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described in detail, but the present invention can limit according to claim
Multitude of different ways that is fixed and that cover is implemented.
See the one ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer of Fig. 1～Fig. 3, including frame and the stream that is separately positioned in frame
Becoming test cell, ultrasonic vibration installation, tool heads Motion loading unit, frame includes upper spider (11) and lower bearing bracket (12), on
Frame (11) is arranged on lower bearing bracket (12), and lower bearing bracket (12) bottom is provided with travelling wheel (13), and lower bearing bracket (12) is provided with control
Cabinet (10), PLC is arranged in switch board (10), and the supersonic generator (32) of ultrasonic vibration installation is arranged on lower bearing bracket
Go up and be positioned at switch board (10) top, the ultrasonic transducer (33) of ultrasonic vibration installation and end, ultrasonic transducer (33) bottom
The Ultrasonic probe (31) of end is arranged on ultrasonic mobile platform (44).
Rheometer test unit includes barrel (21), is provided with the plasticizing chamber (210) of column structure inside barrel, and barrel is by peace
Dress base (27) is installed to frame, and barrel bottom is fixed with the capillary die (22) plasticizing chamber lower port sealed, capillary
Capillary flow path on mouth of pipe mould is coaxially disposed with plasticizing chamber, and ultrasonic vibration installation is positioned at above barrel, and ultrasonic vibration installation
It is provided with and can in axial direction stretch into plasticizing chamber to plastifying the polymer offer extruding force of intracavity and polymer offer being melted by solid-state
Melting the Ultrasonic probe (31) to the ultrasonic energy needed for liquid, ultrasonic vibration installation is fixed on tool heads Motion loading unit
On, and tool heads Motion loading unit can drive ultrasonic vibration installation along the direction of axis line of Ultrasonic probe under move back
Dynamic so that the Ultrasonic probe of ultrasonic vibration installation can stretch into plasticizing intracavity gradually downward from barrel top, is arranged with outside barrel
For plasticizing chamber being provided the heating collar (23) of required initial temperature, barrel cylinder being equipped with and stretches into plasticizing intracavity being positioned at and mould
Changing the pressure transducer (24) near the lower port of chamber and temperature sensor A (25), pressure transducer is used for sensing capillary die
The pressure of porch, temperature sensor is for detecting real time temperature the molten of monitoring polymer of plasticizing intracavity polymer
State.
In the present embodiment, capillary die die body is equipped with the temperature sensor B (221) stretching into capillary flow path.
In the present embodiment, the bottom end face of Ultrasonic probe is installed with heating plate (311) so that heating plate can be as polymerization
The auxiliary heat source of thing.
In the present embodiment, barrel includes the upper barrel (211) that is superimposed up and down and blanking tube (212), blanking tube from
It is respectively arranged with down through hole A (2111) and inner chamber A (2112), and through hole A (2111) and inner chamber A (2112) is on blanking tube
Connection constitutes an overall through hole, and blanking tube top is fixed with the upper barrel (211) of band through hole B (2121), and through hole A is with logical
Hole B internal diameter is equal and coaxial, and the plasticizing chamber (210) in barrel is connected by through hole A (2111) and through hole B (2121) and constitutes, capillary
Blocking in mouth of pipe mould (22) is installed in inner chamber A and by outlet under through hole A, in the present embodiment, upper barrel (211) passes through sunk screw
(29) being fixed on blanking tube (212), inner chamber A band female thread, capillary die (22) is by locking with externally threaded mouth die
Nut (28) is fixed in inner chamber A, and the capillary flow path (222) on capillary die is coaxially disposed with through hole A and through hole B, hair
Capillary flow passage (222) upper port connects with through hole A lower port, capillary flow path lower port be communicated to outside blanking tube, this enforcement
In example, upper barrel (211), blanking tube (212) and capillary die (22) are all set in heating collar (23).
Be folded with between blanking tube and upper barrel plasticizing chamber is divided into two sections be used for filter the most melted granular poly-
The drainage screen (26) of compound, in the present embodiment, the filtering holes on drainage screen (26) is the circular hole that diameter is equal to 2mm, pressure sensing
The test lead of device (24) stretches in through hole A and between capillary die and drainage screen；Temperature sensor A (25) arranges position
Higher than drainage screen (26).
Tool heads Motion loading unit includes driving means (41), guide rail (42), slide block (43) and ultrasonic mobile platform
(44), guide rail (42) is arranged along the direction parallel with plasticizing chamber (210) axis, and ultrasonic mobile platform (44) is installed with can be along leading
The slide block (43) that rail slidably reciprocates, driving means (41) is connected with ultrasonic mobile platform (44), and driving means drives ultrasonic movement
Platform slidably reciprocates along guide rail and drives the tool heads of ultrasonic vibration installation to stretch into or exit plasticizing chamber (210).
In the present embodiment, driving means (41) include servomotor (411), motor mount (412), decelerator (413),
Shaft coupling (414), ball-screw (415), feed screw nut (416), servomotor and decelerator are arranged on by motor mount
In frame, ball-screw is connected with decelerator by shaft coupling, and ultrasonic mobile platform is enclosed within ball-screw by feed screw nut,
Being arranged on guide rail by slide block of ultrasonic mobile platform, servomotor rotates and drives ball screw turns, and ball-screw passes through
Feed screw nut drives ultrasonic mobile platform along slide.
In the present embodiment, lower bearing bracket (12) is provided with four leads (5), four leads (5) are vertically equipped with
Can slide up and down along lead (5) and the upper mounting plate of adjusting position (62) and lower installation board (61), upper mounting plate (62) with under
Locking dress upper mounting plate (62) and lower installation board (61) being locked on lead it is separately installed with on installing plate (61)
Putting (not shown), in the present embodiment, blanking tube (212) lower end is fixed on lower installation board (61) by mounting seat (27)
On, and tapered between blanking tube (212) with mounting seat (27) coordinate, facilitate fixed and positioned, upper barrel upper end props up solid
The guide plate (621) being scheduled on upper mounting plate (62), guide plate (621) is provided with the taper guide through hole coaxial with plastifying chamber
(622), upper mounting plate offers alignment rheometer test unit and for installing the via A (623) of guide plate (621), lower peace
Offer on dress plate alignment blanking tube make polymer flow in capillary flow path to the via B (611) below rheometer test unit,
The underface of rheometer test unit is provided with the electronic weighing device (7) catching the polymer oozed.
Upper barrel (211) is interval with heat insulating mattress A (624), mounting seat (27) and lower installation board with guide plate (621)
Between be folded with heat insulating mattress B (612), to reduce the loss of heat.
In the present embodiment, capillary die (22) includes the half module A (223) and half module B (224) being separated in half setting, hair
Capillary flow passage is split along axis by two half modules and is split into two halves, and is cased with the mouth die lock being combined by two half module hoops outside two half modules
Set (225), mouth die lock tube inwall is provided with the interior cascaded surface adapting to different capillary die sizes, in the present embodiment, mouth die lock tube
Interior cascaded surface has level Four, is adapted to the capillary die of four kinds of different lengths, it is provided that four kinds of long capillary tube angle value.
In the present embodiment, the material of half module A (223) and half module B (224) all uses durability and the high carbonization of wearability
Tungsten, mouth die lock tube (225) material uses the steel alloy that intensity is higher, on the one hand can be fixed on by the two of center half modules
Together, on the other hand can overcome the fragility of tungsten carbide material, extend the life-span of capillary tube.
In the present embodiment, ball-screw (415) connects the angular displacement sensor (45) having detection ball screw turns stroke,
Heating collar (23), ultrasonic vibration installation, pressure transducer (24), temperature sensor A (25), temperature sensor B (221), heating
Sheet (311), electronic weighing device (7), angular displacement sensor (45) and servomotor (411) are by PLC electrical connection control
System.
A kind of polymeric rheology performance method of testing, comprises the following steps:
1) capillary die selecting required size loads rheometer test unit；
2) connect the power supply of heating collar, make the temperature of barrel be maintained in 30～100 DEG C, in the present embodiment, heating collar merit
Rate is 800W；
3) when temperature range during barrel reaches step 2, add polymer beads toward barrel plasticizing intracavity, start instrument
Head Motion loading unit, Ultrasonic probe move downward and stretch into plasticizing intracavity to polymer contact compress polymer；
4) start ultrasonic vibration apparatus, polymer is transmitted ultrasonic energy by Ultrasonic probe, make polymer beads by
Gradually melting, in the present embodiment, the frequency of the ultrasound wave that Ultrasonic probe provides is 25KHz, and ultrasonic amplitude is 20 μm；
5) continue polymer is transmitted ultrasonic energy, arrive at temperature sensor location A to polymer melt liquid level, temperature
Degree sensors A detects that plasticizing intracavity polymer temperature arrives the melt temperature of polymer, and Ultrasonic probe is in the basis of step 4
Upper continuation slowly moves down, and makes molten polymer flow out from capillary flow path lower port；
6) read the numerical value of pressure transducer, and combine the decrease speed of Ultrasonic probe, Ultrasonic probe diameter, capillary
Pipe flow diameter, the viscosity of capillary flow path length computation polymer, viscosity calculations step is as follows:
A. according to fluid mechanics principle, pressCalculating the shear stress being subject to of polymer melt, wherein τ is
Shear stress, Δ P is the pressure differential between capillary flow path two-port, and Δ P corrects through Bagley according to the numerical value of pressure transducer
Calculating, d is capillary flow path internal diameter, and l is capillary pipe length；
B. according to fluid mechanics principle, pressCalculating the apparent shear rate of polymer melt, wherein γ is
Shear rate, D is tool heads diameter, and V is tool heads decrease speed, and d is capillary flow path internal diameter；
C. the γ-value calculated step B carries out non newtonian correction, calculates true shear rate γ after correction1, then
According to newton law of viscosity formula, pressCalculate the viscosity of polymer melt.
In the present embodiment, the polymer tested is PMMA, and through actual measurement, the viscosity determining procedure of the present embodiment was being tested
The melted speed of Cheng Zhong, PMMA granule is up to 1～3 second/gram.
By viscosity determining procedure of the present invention, can be by the rheological property of following several situation analysis PMMA:
1, regulate Ultrasonic probe pressure by PLC, measure the PMMA viscosity number under different shear rate, draw
Rheological property when PMMA capillary tube is extruded under different shear rate.
2, by the amplitude of the voltage-regulation Ultrasonic probe of regulation supersonic generator, different ultrasonic amplitude is measured
PMMA viscosity number, draws rheological properties during PMMA capillary tube extrusion under different ultrasonic amplitude.
3, adjusted the electric current of heating collar by PLC, thus adjust the initial temperature of barrel, measure different initial temperature
The lower PMMA viscosity number of degree, draws rheological properties during PMMA capillary tube extrusion under different initial temperature.
4, by changing the capillary die of different runner internal diameter, the viscosity of PMMA when using different size capillary tube is measured
Value, the rheological behavior of PMMA when drawing different size capillary tube.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.All within the spirit and principles in the present invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer, it is characterised in that include that frame and the rheology being separately positioned in frame are surveyed
Examination unit, ultrasonic vibration installation, tool heads Motion loading unit；Described rheometer test unit includes the barrel being arranged in frame
(21), being provided with the plasticizing chamber (210) of column structure inside barrel, barrel bottom is fixed with capillary plasticizing chamber lower port sealed
Mouth of pipe mould (22), described ultrasonic vibration installation is positioned at above barrel, and ultrasonic vibration installation is provided with in axial direction to stretch into and moulds
Change chamber the polymer of plasticizing intracavity provides extruding force and by solid-state, polymer offer is melted to the ultrasonic wave energy needed for liquid
The Ultrasonic probe (31) of amount, ultrasonic vibration installation is fixed on described tool heads Motion loading unit, and tool heads motion adds
Carrier unit can drive ultrasonic vibration installation to move along the direction of axis line of Ultrasonic probe so that the ultrasonic work of ultrasonic vibration installation
Tool head can stretch into plasticizing intracavity gradually downward from barrel top, is arranged with for providing required initial temperature to plasticizing chamber outside barrel
Heating collar (23), barrel cylinder is equipped with and stretches into plasticizing intracavity and be positioned at the pressure transducer near plasticizing chamber lower port
(24) with temperature sensor A (25), pressure transducer is for sensing the pressure of capillary die porch, and temperature sensor is used for
The real time temperature of detection plasticizing intracavity polymer the molten condition of monitoring polymer.
One the most according to claim 1 ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer, it is characterised in that described barrel includes up and down
The upper barrel (211) being superimposed and blanking tube (212), blanking tube is respectively arranged with through hole A (2111) from top to bottom with interior
Chamber A (2112), and through hole A (2111) and inner chamber A (2112) connect on blanking tube composition one overall through hole, blanking tube top
Portion is fixed with the upper barrel of band through hole B (2121), and through hole A is equal and coaxial with through hole B internal diameter, the plasticizing chamber in barrel
(210) connected by through hole A (2111) and through hole B (2121) and constitute, in described capillary die is installed in inner chamber A and by through hole A
Lower outlet is blocked, and the capillary flow path (222) on capillary die is coaxially disposed with through hole A and through hole B, capillary flow path upper end
Mouth connects with through hole A lower port, and capillary flow path lower port is communicated to outside blanking tube；
Be folded with between blanking tube and upper barrel plasticizing chamber is divided into two sections be used for filter the most melted granular polymer
Drainage screen (26), the test lead of described pressure transducer (24) stretch in through hole A and be positioned at capillary die and drainage screen it
Between, described temperature sensor A (25) arranges position higher than drainage screen；
The temperature sensor B (221) stretching into capillary flow path it is equipped with on capillary die die body.
One the most according to claim 1 and 2 ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer, it is characterised in that described tool heads is transported
Dynamic loading unit includes driving means (41), guide rail (42), slide block (43) and ultrasonic mobile platform (44), ultrasonic vibration installation
Ultrasonic transducer (33) is installed on described ultrasonic mobile platform, and described guide rail sets along the direction parallel with plasticizing cavity axis
Put, ultrasonic mobile platform is installed with the described slide block that can slidably reciprocate along guide rail, described driving means and ultrasonic mobile platform
Connecting, driving means drives ultrasonic mobile platform to slidably reciprocate along guide rail and drive the Ultrasonic probe of ultrasonic transducer end
(31) stretch into or exit plasticizing chamber.
One the most according to claim 3 ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer, it is characterised in that described driving means includes
Servomotor (411), motor mount (412), decelerator (413), shaft coupling (414), ball-screw (415), feed screw nut
(416), described servomotor and decelerator are arranged in frame by motor mount, described ball-screw by shaft coupling with
Decelerator be connected, described ultrasonic mobile platform is enclosed within ball-screw by feed screw nut, ultrasonic mobile platform pass through slide block
Being arranged on guide rail, servomotor rotates and drives ball screw turns, and ball-screw drives ultrasonic movement to put down by feed screw nut
Platform is along slide.
One the most according to claim 1 and 2 ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer, it is characterised in that described capillary exit
Mould (22) includes two half modules being separated in half setting, and capillary flow path is split along axis by two half modules and is split into two halves, two and half
Being cased with the mouth die lock tube (225) being combined by two half module hoops outside mould, mouth die lock tube inwall is provided with the different capillary exit of adaptation
The inner conical surface of mould size or interior cascaded surface.
One the most according to claim 1 and 2 ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer, it is characterised in that solid in described frame
It is provided with the lead (5) arranged along plasticizing chamber direction of axis line, lead is vertically equipped with and can slide up and down along lead
Installing plate (6), described rheometer test unit is fixing on a mounting board, so that the position-adjustable of rheometer test unit, peace
Being provided with on dress plate to make installing plate be fixed on the locking member of optional position on lead, so that the stream after adjusting position
Become test cell can fix.
One the most according to claim 6 ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer, it is characterised in that described installing plate include with
Rheometer test unit bottom be connected lower installation board (61) and be positioned at the upper mounting plate (62) above rheometer test unit, upper installation
Being installed with guide plate (621) on plate, guide plate is provided with the guide through hole (622) coaxial with plastifying chamber, and described guide through hole is
Taper hole, the small bore end of guide through hole is directed at downwards plasticizing chamber upper port and small bore end internal diameter is equal or slightly larger than plasticizing intracavity footpath,
The big nose end of guide through hole is upwards directed at Ultrasonic probe and big nose end internal diameter more than Ultrasonic probe diameter；Upper mounting plate and under
It is respectively arranged with on installing plate and upper mounting plate and lower installation board can be made to be fixed on the locking member of optional position on lead, thus
Make the equal scalable in position of rheometer test unit and guide plate；
Alignment rheometer test unit is offered and for installing the via A (623) of guide plate (621), lower installation on upper mounting plate
Offering alignment rheometer test unit on plate makes polymer flow in capillary flow path to the via B below rheometer test unit
(611)；
Described rheometer test unit and upper mounting plate be interval with heat insulating mattress A (624), rheometer test unit and lower installation board it
Between be folded with heat insulating mattress B (612).
One the most according to claim 2 ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer, it is characterised in that described ultrasonic plasticizing capillary
Pipe flow graph also includes being arranged in frame and being positioned at the electronic weighing device (7) below capillary flow path, electronic weighing
Put the polymer for catching the outflow of capillary flow path lower port and weigh；
The displacement transducer (45) of detection Ultrasonic probe displacement it is provided with on described tool heads Motion loading unit；
Described ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer is additionally provided with controller, described heating collar, ultrasonic vibration installation, pressure transducer,
Temperature sensor A, temperature sensor B, electronic weighing device, displacement transducer and the driving means of tool heads Motion loading unit
Controlled by controller electrical connection.
9. a kind of viscosity test side arranged according to ultrasonic plasticizing capillary rheometer described in any one in claim 1～8
Method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) capillary die selecting required size loads rheometer test unit；
2) connect the power supply of heating collar, make the temperature of barrel be maintained in required start temperature ranges；
3) the plasticizing intracavity toward barrel adds polymer beads, starts tool heads Motion loading unit, and Ultrasonic probe is transported downwards
Move and stretch into plasticizing intracavity to polymer contact compress polymer；
4) starting ultrasonic vibration apparatus, polymer is transmitted ultrasonic energy by Ultrasonic probe, makes polymer beads gradually melt
Melting, the frequency of the ultrasound wave that its Ultrasonic probe provides is 20～40KHz, and ultrasonic amplitude is 10～30 μm；
5) persistently polymer is transmitted ultrasonic energy, arrive the temperature sensor A of more than drainage screen to polymer melt liquid level
Position, temperature sensor A detects that plasticizing intracavity polymer temperature arrives the melt temperature of polymer, and Ultrasonic probe is in step
Continuing on the basis of rapid 3 slowly to move down, start extrusion molten polymer, molten polymer flows out from capillary flow path lower port；
6) read the numerical value of pressure transducer, and combine the decrease speed of Ultrasonic probe, Ultrasonic probe diameter, capillary flow
Road diameter, the viscosity of capillary flow path length computation polymer, viscosity calculations step is as follows:
A. according to fluid mechanics principle, pressCalculating the shear stress being subject to of polymer melt, wherein τ should for shearing
Power, Δ P is the pressure differential between capillary flow path two-port, and Δ P calculates through Bagley correction according to the numerical value of pressure transducer
Going out, d is capillary flow path internal diameter, and l is capillary pipe length；
B. according to fluid mechanics principle, pressCalculating the shear rate of polymer melt, wherein γ is shear rate, D
For tool heads diameter, V is tool heads decrease speed, and d is capillary flow path internal diameter；
C. the γ-value calculated step B carries out non newtonian correction, calculates true shear rate γ after correction1, further according to cattle
Pause viscosity law formula, pressesCalculate the viscosity of polymer melt.
Viscosity determining procedure the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described viscosity determining procedure also includes step
7): repeat step 1～the process of 6, and change initial temperature, supersonic frequency, ultrasonic amplitude, Ultrasonic probe pressure, mouth die chi
Any one parameter in very little or several parameter, calculate different initial temperature, supersonic frequency, ultrasonic amplitude, Ultrasonic probe pressure,
Polymer viscosity value under mouth die size, thus reflect the rheological property of polymer, the ultrasonic plasticizing for polymer parts is micro-
Injection moulding processing technique provides reference frame more accurately.
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