CN106124156B - For studying the testing equipment of droplet drift and for the processing method of the equipment - Google Patents
For studying the testing equipment of droplet drift and for the processing method of the equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN106124156B CN106124156B CN201610446352.9A CN201610446352A CN106124156B CN 106124156 B CN106124156 B CN 106124156B CN 201610446352 A CN201610446352 A CN 201610446352A CN 106124156 B CN106124156 B CN 106124156B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
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- Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention disclose it is a kind of for study droplet drift testing equipment and for the processing method of the equipment.Wherein, the equipment includes: to pull guide rail, the sliding block being arranged on towing guide rail, carry in trailing vortex generating device and droplet generating device, the motor that connect with sliding block and PIV system on sliding block, under the action of the pulling force that motor generates, sliding block is slided along the towing guide rail in preset speed, and trailing vortex generating device is driven to generate the trailing vortex comprising trace particle and droplet generating device generation droplet；PIV system for capturing the moving image of trailing vortex and droplet in fixed exhibition into plane, and handles to obtain droplet drift and vortex movement according to moving image and changes with time rule.The present invention can analyze to obtain the correlativity of droplet drift and vortex movement, the research for the float of mist droplet problem during aerial pesticide provides theoretical direction by simulating vortex movement and droplet movement under full-scale condition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to testing equipment fields, and in particular, to it is a kind of for study droplet drift testing equipment and
Processing method for the equipment.
Background technique
With the development of modern precision agriculture technology, aviation plant protection technology is widely used to agriculture field.Currently, full generation
There is about 30,000 frame of agriculture and forestry aircraft on boundary, and in 100,000,000 hectares of working area of year, aircraft operation area accounts for the 17% of total area under cultivation.Agriculture
Industry aviation plant protection possesses huge development space and vast market prospect as a rising industry.And fixed wing aircraft is planted
Protecting operation has the speed of a ship or plane fast, and spraying swath is big, and drugloading rate is more, long after ETS estimated time of sailing, limit the features such as lacking by landform, with it is traditional it is artificial,
Semi-mechanization plant protection operation is compared, operation economic benefit highly significant.However, float of mist droplet problem is still that fixed wing aircraft exists
The main problem faced at present during plant protection operation.The droplet of fixed wing aircraft sprinkling is more by trailing vortex air-flow, surroundings wind field etc.
Aspect factor influences, easily generation drift, to bring serious water and soil resources pollution, non-targeted chemical injury of crops and people and animals strong
The problems such as health threatens.1975, Environmental Protection Agency be estimated to be 10%~60% chemical substance drift to distance objective 300m with
On region, cause serious air pollution, water pollution and soil pollution.
Fig. 1 is the field experiment of droplet drift and deposition effect during research fixed wing aircraft application in the prior art
Schematic diagram.As shown in Figure 1, the existing experiment for fixed wing aircraft float of mist droplet and deposition is mainly the experiment of live flying place
(field trial).Which is mainly by arranging that polyester film card, water sensitive paper etc. collect the mist of superficial deposit in navigation channel two sides
Drop, and the fiber filament by arranging different height in far field collects the droplet of airborne shift.It is mainly lacked existing for the experimental method
Falling into is that required experimental cost is higher, and required experimental site is larger and required experimenter is more.In addition, experimental result is vulnerable to day
Gas bar part influences, less reproducible, and can not obtain the characteristics of motion of droplet in space in real time.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram for the wind tunnel experiment that droplet drifts about during studying fixed wing aircraft application in the prior art.Such as
Shown in Fig. 2, due to the limitation of field experiment, people have developed wind tunnel experiment again to study float of mist droplet problem.Wind tunnel experiment
It is that effective support of field experiment and supplement have boundary condition controllable relatively for field experiment, repeatability is high, experiment
The advantages such as means multiplicity.But when, wind tunnel experiment spininess studies the float of mist droplet problem that single spray head generates at present, and nothing
Method simulates fixed wing aircraft vortex movement, and the experimental method used similar to field experiment, can not also obtain instantaneous
The droplet characteristics of motion.
As a whole, presently, there are research fixed wing aircraft application during float of mist droplet problem means, exist
Be difficult to simulate live flying trailing vortex flow field, to the insufficient defect of droplet characteristics of motion research, and majority of case be simply into
The droplet amount statistics of the fixed position in row space, is difficult to recognize float of mist droplet problem from the movement mechanism of flow field and droplet itself.
Therefore, the spraying optimization method for having Controlling model can not be provided in production, and flow field and mist can not be deeply grasped in scientific research
Drip the correlativity of movement.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of for study droplet drift testing equipment and for the processing of the equipment
Method.The equipment combines two phase flow experiment analytical method by simulating vortex movement and droplet movement under full-scale condition,
The influence of complicated wind field environment can not only be excluded, but also can analyze to obtain droplet drift pass related to vortex movement
System, the research for the float of mist droplet problem during aerial pesticide provide theoretical direction.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of for studying the testing equipment of droplet drift.The equipment packet
It includes:
Towing guide rail, be arranged in it is described towing guide rail on sliding block, carry on the sliding block trailing vortex generating device and
Droplet generating device, the motor being connected with the slide block and PIV system,
Under the action of the pulling force that the motor generates, the sliding block is slided along the towing guide rail in preset speed,
And the trailing vortex generating device is driven to generate the trailing vortex comprising trace particle and droplet generating device generation droplet；
The PIV system, for capturing the moving image of the trailing vortex and the droplet in fixed exhibition into plane, and root
It handles to obtain droplet drift and vortex movement according to the moving image to change with time rule, and according to droplet drift and trailing vortex
It moves the law-analysing that changes with time and obtains the correlativity of droplet drift and vortex movement.
Optionally, the equipment further include:
Truss, for the bracket as the towing guide rail, the fixed towing guide rail.
Optionally, the material of the truss and the towing guide rail is aluminium alloy or No. 45 steel.
Optionally, the trailing vortex generating device uses dimensional airfoil or three-dimensional aerofoil profile,
Correspondingly, the trailing vortex generating device, for generating the standard two comprising trace particle under the drive of the sliding block
Dimension flows to vortex pair.
Optionally, the equipment further include:
Tailplane with the negative angle of attack is set to the tail portion of the trailing vortex generating device, described for dissipating or weakening
The trailing vortex that trailing vortex generating device generates.
Optionally, the droplet generating device includes:
Water pump, the water tank being connect with the water pump and the spray head being connect with the water pump,
The water pump is used to provide power and the water in the water tank is promoted to eject by spray head.
Optionally, the spray head includes pressure nozzle or ultrasonic atomizatio shower nozzle.
Optionally, the equipment further include:
Spring is set to one end of the towing guide rail, for subtracting in the case where the slide block movement to the spring
Delay the movement velocity of the sliding block, so that the sliding block is static.
Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a kind of processing method for testing equipment, the testing equipment includes:
Towing guide rail, be arranged in it is described towing guide rail on sliding block, carry on the sliding block trailing vortex generating device and
Droplet generating device and the motor being connected with the slide block,
Under the action of the pulling force that the motor generates, the sliding block is slided along the towing guide rail in preset speed,
And the trailing vortex generating device is driven to generate the trailing vortex comprising trace particle and droplet generating device generation droplet,
The described method includes:
Capture the moving image of the trailing vortex and the droplet in fixed exhibition into plane；
It handles to obtain droplet drift and vortex movement according to the moving image to change with time rule；And
According to droplet drift with vortex movement change with time law-analysing obtain droplet drift and vortex movement phase
Pass relationship.
Optionally, described to handle to obtain droplet drift and vortex movement according to the moving image and change with time rule
Rule, comprising:
Phase separating treatment is carried out to the moving image, obtain the first image only comprising droplet drift and only includes
Second image of the vortex movement；
It follows the speed of particle to calculate using PTV single-point the first image, obtains the droplet and drift about at any time
Changing rule；
PIV space velocity field computation is used to second image, the vortex movement is obtained and changes with time rule.
Through the above technical solutions, carry trailing vortex generating device and droplet generating device on sliding block, simulate full-scale condition
Under vortex movement and droplet movement, and capture the moving image of trailing vortex and droplet in fixed exhibition into plane, and according to movement
Image procossing obtains droplet drift and changes with time rule with vortex movement, and according to droplet drift with vortex movement at any time
Analysis on change obtain droplet drift and the correlativity of vortex movement, the shadow of complicated wind field environment can not only be excluded
It rings, but also can analyze to obtain the correlativity of droplet drift and vortex movement, be the float of mist droplet during aerial pesticide
The research of problem provides theoretical direction.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described.It should be evident that the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these figures.
Fig. 1 is the field experiment of droplet drift and deposition effect during research fixed wing aircraft application in the prior art
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram for the wind tunnel experiment that droplet drifts about during studying fixed wing aircraft application in the prior art；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram for the testing equipment for studying droplet drift that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 4 is the flow chart for the processing method for testing equipment that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the phase separation step for the processing method that one embodiment of the invention provides.
Description of symbols
1 towing 2 sliding block of guide rail, 3 trailing vortex generating device, 4 droplet generating device
5 motor, 6 PIV system, 7 truss, 8 tailplane, 9 spring
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram for the testing equipment for studying droplet drift that one embodiment of the invention provides.Such as Fig. 3
It is shown, the testing equipment for studying droplet drift that one embodiment of the invention provides include: towing guide rail 1, be arranged in it is described
Sliding block 2, carry on towing guide rail 1 is in trailing vortex generating device 3 and droplet generating device 4 and the sliding block on the sliding block 2
The motor 5 and PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry, particle image velocimetry) system 6 of 2 connections, in the motor 5
Under the action of the pulling force of generation, the sliding block is slided along the towing guide rail 1 in preset speed, and the trailing vortex is driven to occur
Device 3 generates the trailing vortex comprising trace particle and the droplet generating device 4 generates droplet；The PIV system 6, for capturing
The moving image of the trailing vortex and the droplet in fixed exhibition into plane, and handled to obtain droplet drift according to the moving image
It moves and changes with time rule with vortex movement, and obtained according to droplet drift and the vortex movement law-analysing that changes with time
The correlativity of droplet drift and vortex movement.
Wherein, the motor 5 is connect by cable wire with the sliding block 2, and the sliding block 5 is adjusted according to the motor 5
The speed of service.In addition, having sowed trace particle in the region where testing equipment.Therefore, the tail that trailing vortex generating device 3 generates
Whirlpool includes trace particle.
Preferably, the equipment further include: truss 7, for the bracket as the towing guide rail, the fixed towing is led
Rail.Whereby, towing guide rail can be fixedly secured.In another preferred embodiment of the invention, rope suspension formula also can be used
The towing guide rail is fixedly secured.Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this, as long as being fixedly secured with that will pull guide rail
It is applicable in for all embodiments of target.In the present embodiment, the material of the truss 7 and the towing guide rail 1 is aluminium
The length of alloy or No. 45 steel, truss is 20m, width 1.2m, is highly 1.6m.The size dimension of truss can be according to laboratory
The concrete condition in place adjusts, and preferentially guarantees length direction.
Optionally, the trailing vortex generating device 3 is using dimensional airfoil or three-dimensional aerofoil profile.Correspondingly, the trailing vortex fills
3 are set, flows to vortex pair for generating the quasi- two dimension comprising trace particle under the drive of the sliding block.Wherein, the dimensional airfoil
For NACA0012 aerofoil profile or other classical aerofoil profiles, and the angle of attack of the dimensional airfoil is variable.Three-dimensional aerofoil profile flies for general fixed-wing
The scale model of machine wing section
Preferably, the equipment further include: the tailplane 8 with the negative angle of attack is set to the trailing vortex generating device 3
Tail portion, the trailing vortex generated for dissipating or weakening the trailing vortex generating device.Whereby, trailing vortex structure can not only be optimized, but also
The scheme of trailing vortex decrease can be studied
In a particular embodiment, the droplet generating device 4 includes: water pump, the water tank being connect with the water pump with
And the spray head connecting with the water pump, the water pump are used to provide power and the water in the water tank are promoted to eject by spray head
Come.Wherein, the spray head includes pressure nozzle or ultrasonic atomizatio shower nozzle.The structural core of the droplet generating device 4 is by water
Pump, water tank and spray head and sliding block 2 integrate integrated design, move on towing guide rail jointly.
Preferably, the equipment further include: spring 9 is set to one end of the towing guide rail 1, in the sliding block
In the case where moving to the spring, slow down the movement velocity of the sliding block, so that the sliding block is static.Whereby, it can avoid sliding
Block directly hits guide rail end surface or falls down from towing guide rail.
Preferably, the equipment further include: sheet laser, for illuminating the shooting area of the PIV system.Whereby, PIV system
System can capture clearly moving image.
In specific application, the PIV system 6 handles to obtain droplet drift and vortex movement according to the moving image
Change with time rule, comprising: carries out phase separating treatment to the moving image, obtains the only comprising droplet drift
One image and only include the vortex movement the second image；PTV (Particle Tracing is used to the first image
Velocimetry, Particle tracking test the speed) single-point follows the speed of particle to calculate, and it obtains the droplet drift and changes with time
Rule；PIV space velocity field computation is used to second image, the vortex movement is obtained and changes with time rule.
The present embodiment simulates the tail under full-scale condition by the carry trailing vortex generating device on sliding block and droplet generating device
Whirlpool movement and droplet movement, and capture the moving image of trailing vortex and droplet in fixed exhibition into plane, and according to moving image at
Reason obtains droplet drift and changes with time rule with vortex movement, and is drifted about according to droplet and changed with time with vortex movement
Law-analysing obtains the correlativity of droplet drift and vortex movement, can not only exclude the influence of complicated wind field environment, and
It can also analyze to obtain the correlativity of droplet drift and vortex movement, for grinding for the float of mist droplet problem during aerial pesticide
Offer theoretical direction is provided.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart for the processing method for testing equipment that one embodiment of the invention provides.As shown in figure 4, this
Inventing the processing method for testing equipment that an embodiment provides includes:
In step s101, the moving image of the trailing vortex and the droplet in fixed exhibition into plane is captured.
Wherein, the moving image includes the movement of gas phase trace particle (trailing vortex) and liquid phase particle (droplet).
Then, in step s 102, handle to obtain droplet drift and vortex movement at any time according to the moving image
Changing rule.
Specifically, which includes: to carry out phase separating treatment to the moving image, obtains only drifting about comprising the droplet
The first image and only include the vortex movement the second image；Particle is followed using PTV single-point to the first image
Speed calculates, and obtains droplet drift and changes with time rule；Second image is counted using PIV space velocity field
It calculates, obtains the vortex movement and change with time rule.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the phase separation step for the processing method that one embodiment of the invention provides.As shown in figure 5, to original
Beginning image (moving image) carries out phase separating treatment, obtains the moving image and liquid phase particle of gas phase trace particle (trailing vortex)
The moving image of (droplet).PIV space velocity field computation is carried out to the moving image of gas phase trace particle, obtain whole wind field with
The changing rule of time.Carrying out PTV single-point to the moving image of liquid phase particle follows the speed of particle to calculate, and obtains single droplet
Drift velocity changes with time rule.
Finally, in step s 103, droplet is obtained according to droplet drift and the vortex movement law-analysing that changes with time
The correlativity of drift and vortex movement.
Wherein, testing equipment involved in the processing method includes: towing guide rail, is arranged on the towing guide rail
Sliding block, carry on the sliding block trailing vortex generating device and droplet generating device and the motor being connected with the slide block,
Under the action of the pulling force that the motor generates, the sliding block is slided along the towing guide rail in preset speed, and described in drive
Trailing vortex generating device generates the trailing vortex comprising trace particle and the droplet generating device generates droplet.
The present invention simulates agriculture boat due to simulating from the physical essence of agricultural aviation application process from details
The factors such as existing quasi- two-dimensional symmetric vortex movement, droplet movement during sky application, therefore there is very strong scientific research and reality
Application value.In true operation process, after fixed wing aircraft is flown over, trailing vortex can continue to rotate, and constantly movement and dissipation reaches
Tens of seconds time, the present invention can simulate this process completely, after sliding block is by measurement plane, can still open in the plane
Experiments of Optics means are opened up, real-time trailing vortex and the droplet characteristics of motion are obtained.The equipment can also be by changing towed speed and tail
The shape of whirlpool generating device to obtain the trailing vortex of varying strength, or even optimizes trailing vortex dissipation.Flying height, ground effect
Should wait can also be realized by adjusting towing guide rail apart from ground level.
It is described the prefered embodiments of the present invention in detail above in conjunction with attached drawing, still, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned realities
The detail in mode is applied, within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of letters can be carried out to technical solution of the present invention
Monotropic type, these simple variants all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
It is further to note that specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance
In the case where shield, can be combined in any appropriate way, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention to it is various can
No further explanation will be given for the combination of energy.
In addition, various embodiments of the present invention can be combined randomly, as long as it is without prejudice to originally
The thought of invention, it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of for studying the testing equipment of droplet drift, which is characterized in that the equipment includes: towing guide rail, is arranged in
Sliding block, carry on the towing guide rail is in trailing vortex generating device and droplet generating device and the sliding block on the sliding block
The motor and PIV system of connection,
Under the action of the pulling force that the motor generates, the sliding block is slided along the towing guide rail in preset speed, and band
It moves the trailing vortex generating device and generates the trailing vortex comprising trace particle and droplet generating device generation droplet；
The PIV system, for capturing the moving image of the trailing vortex and the droplet in fixed exhibition into plane, and according to institute
It states moving image and handles to obtain droplet drift and vortex movement and change with time rule, and according to droplet drift and vortex movement
The law-analysing that changes with time obtains the correlativity of droplet drift and vortex movement；
It is wherein, described to handle to obtain droplet drift and vortex movement according to the moving image and change with time rule, comprising:
Phase separating treatment is carried out to the moving image, obtains the first image only to drift about comprising the droplet and only comprising described
Second image of vortex movement；
It follows the speed of particle to calculate using PTV single-point the first image, obtains the droplet drift and change with time
Rule；
PIV space velocity field computation is used to second image, the vortex movement is obtained and changes with time rule.
2. according to claim 1 for studying the testing equipment of droplet drift, which is characterized in that the equipment is also wrapped
It includes:
Truss, for the bracket as the towing guide rail, the fixed towing guide rail.
3. according to claim 2 for studying the testing equipment of droplet drift, which is characterized in that the truss and described
The material for pulling guide rail is aluminium alloy or No. 45 steel.
4. according to claim 1 for studying the testing equipment of droplet drift, which is characterized in that the trailing vortex fills
It sets using dimensional airfoil or three-dimensional aerofoil profile,
Correspondingly, the trailing vortex generating device, for generating the quasi- two-dimensional flow comprising trace particle under the drive of the sliding block
To vortex pair.
5. according to claim 1 for studying the testing equipment of droplet drift, which is characterized in that the equipment is also wrapped
It includes:
Tailplane with the negative angle of attack is set to the tail portion of the trailing vortex generating device, for dissipating or weakening the trailing vortex
The trailing vortex that generating device generates.
6. according to claim 1 for studying the testing equipment of droplet drift, which is characterized in that the droplet fills
It sets and includes:
Water pump, the water tank being connect with the water pump and the spray head being connect with the water pump,
The water pump is used to provide power and the water in the water tank is promoted to eject by spray head.
7. according to claim 6 for studying the testing equipment of droplet drift, which is characterized in that the spray head includes pressure
Power spray head or ultrasonic atomizatio shower nozzle.
8. according to claim 1 for studying the testing equipment of droplet drift, which is characterized in that the equipment is also wrapped
It includes:
Spring is set to one end of the towing guide rail, for slowing down institute in the case where the slide block movement to the spring
The movement velocity of sliding block is stated, so that the sliding block is static.
9. a kind of processing method for testing equipment described in any one of -8 claims according to claim 1, described
Testing equipment includes:
Towing guide rail, the sliding block being arranged on the towing guide rail, carry are in trailing vortex generating device and droplet on the sliding block
Generating device and the motor being connected with the slide block,
Under the action of the pulling force that the motor generates, the sliding block is slided along the towing guide rail in preset speed, and band
It moves the trailing vortex generating device and generates the trailing vortex comprising trace particle and droplet generating device generation droplet,
It is characterized in that, which comprises
Capture the moving image of the trailing vortex and the droplet in fixed exhibition into plane；
It handles to obtain droplet drift and vortex movement according to the moving image to change with time rule；And
According to droplet drift with vortex movement change with time law-analysing obtain droplet drift with vortex movement it is related close
System；
It is wherein, described to handle to obtain droplet drift and vortex movement according to the moving image and change with time rule, comprising:
Phase separating treatment is carried out to the moving image, obtains the first image only to drift about comprising the droplet and only comprising described
Second image of vortex movement；
It follows the speed of particle to calculate using PTV single-point the first image, obtains the droplet drift and change with time
Rule；
PIV space velocity field computation is used to second image, the vortex movement is obtained and changes with time rule.
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| CN201610446352.9A CN106124156B (en) | 2016-06-20 | 2016-06-20 | For studying the testing equipment of droplet drift and for the processing method of the equipment |
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| CN111521366B (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2021-03-23 | 上海机电工程研究所 | Flow display device applied to trailing vortex of control surface of supersonic rotary aircraft |
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| CN104568006A (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2015-04-29 | 南京林业大学 | Agricultural unmanned gyroplane optimal working parameter testing device and method |
| CN204540503U (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-08-12 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Simulation pesticide spraying precipitation equipment |
| CN205221114U (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2016-05-11 | 杨珊珊 | Unmanned aerial vehicle sprays scope adjusting device and unmanned aerial vehicle thereof |
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