CN106123716B - One kind does not couple presplitting means for loading and application method - Google Patents
One kind does not couple presplitting means for loading and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106123716B CN106123716B CN201610641608.1A CN201610641608A CN106123716B CN 106123716 B CN106123716 B CN 106123716B CN 201610641608 A CN201610641608 A CN 201610641608A CN 106123716 B CN106123716 B CN 106123716B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
It is an object of the invention to solve the Practical Project construction problems such as complicated, the time-consuming, effort of powder charge process, there is provided one kind does not couple presplitting means for loading and application method, belongs to the technical field of surface blasting engineering.The device is not coupled presplitting cartridge by variable diameters and umbellate form explosive loader is constituted;The umbellate form explosive loader is located at the top that variable diameters do not couple presplitting cartridge.The device can meet the requirement that the not coefficient of coup of powder charge successively decreases successively from bottom to top in whole means for loading according to live hole depth variation length and the not coefficient of coup, flexibly, quick conversion cartridge length;Can enter in the blasthole of different-diameter, and be opened automatically according to the size of blasthole, be easy to explosive loading truck to inject explosive;Explosion disintegrating area and foundation can be reduced, highwall is effectively protected.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of surface blasting engineering, more particularly to one kind does not couple presplitting means for loading and makes
Use method.
Background technology
Blasting In Geotechnical in highwall explosion, urban construction or excavation of foundation pit in large-scale hydroelectric project slope excavating is quick-fried
Production resettlement of Near slope blasting and some non-metal mines in broken, large surface mine exploitation etc. has some common prescriptions,
I.e.:Mitigation explosive is bad to highwall slope, the integrity of protection highwall, and then reduces the maintenance cost of side slope;Reduce attenuation of seismic waves
Excessive crushing around intensity, the flutter failure for mitigating explosion side slope and blasthole.
Uncoincided charge technology is often used in Practical Project, is not coupled radially by reducing powder column diameter come real
It is existing, axially do not couple by spaced loading to realize.For example, water conservancy and hydropower is typically realized using the binding interval powder column on bamboo pole
Axially and radially Uncoincided charge;Do not coupled using the equal diameter PVC Uncoincided charges device of field joint more than iron ore pre-
Split explosion.These methods have the following disadvantages in the construction of metal mine:
Powder charge process is relative complex, it is necessary to multi agent cooperation carries out powder charge, takes, effort, is unfavorable for that Practical Project is constructed;Deng
Footpath means for loading difference blast hole depth position explosive payload is basically identical, foundation and blasthole top rock mass easily occurs and excessively crushes etc. no
Good phenomenon.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve the Practical Project construction problems such as complicated, the time-consuming, effort of powder charge process, there is provided one
Plant and do not couple presplitting means for loading and application method.The device can according to live hole depth variation length and the not coefficient of coup, flexibly,
Quick conversion cartridge length, meet that the not coefficient of coup of powder charge successively decreases successively from bottom to top in whole means for loading will
Ask;Can enter in the blasthole of different-diameter, and be opened automatically according to the size of blasthole, be easy to explosive loading truck to inject explosive;Can reduce
Explosion disintegrating area and foundation, effectively protect highwall.
One kind does not couple presplitting means for loading, does not couple presplitting cartridge by variable diameters and umbellate form explosive loader is constituted;It is described
Umbellate form explosive loader is located at the top that variable diameters do not couple presplitting cartridge.
Described variable diameters do not couple presplitting cartridge, and by bottom, the bottom cylinder being threadedly coupled with this bottom is plugged on successively
One group of intermediate cylinder in the cylinder of this bottom, grafting top cylinder herein in one group of intermediate cylinder and is centered about ring with this pushes up that cylinder is threadedly coupled
And be located at the manual drawstring being centered about on ring and constituted, described intermediate cylinder and top cylinder bottom outer surface carries rubber sliding-proof
Set, the cylinder diameter of described one group of intermediate cylinder to lower on successively decrease successively;
Described bottom cylinder, one group of intermediate cylinder and top cylinder are taper type cylinder, and the bottom of the bottom cylinder is provided with and described bottom
The inner cone pipe screw thread of threaded connection is covered, described top cylinder upper end is provided with and the described outer Taper Pipe spiral shell that ring is threadedly coupled that is centered about
Line;
Described rubber sliding-proof set is the taper sheath that bottom external diameter is big, top external diameter is small;
The cone angle of the taper type cylinder is 0.4 ° -0.8 °;
The bottom cylinder, intermediate cylinder and top cylinder use the tubing making of PVC materials and length is 1m-2m.
Described umbellate form explosive loader, by cylinder, the collapsible frustum drum being fixedly connected with this cylinder upper end, longitudinal direction respectively with
The outer surface laminating of this collapsible frustum drum and one group of strut being fixedly connected, one end be hinged with this group of strut respectively one
Group connecting rod, the cylinder outer hoop I being hinged with this group of connecting rod other end respectively is located at the cylinder outer hoop of this lower section of cylinder outer hoop I
II, one group of elastic rubber belt and be fixedly connected with the upper end of one group of strut that one end is fixedly connected with this cylinder outer hoop II respectively
One group of drawstring constituted, be hinged outside the lower end of one group of strut and the upper end of the cylinder, one group of elastic gum
The other end of band corresponds to is connected with the middle and upper part of one group of connecting rod respectively, described cylinder outer hoop I and cylinder outer hoop II with
Described cylinder is fixedly connected;
Described collapsible frustum drum is the umbrella shape canvas cone cylinder made by corrosion-resistant, resistant to elevated temperatures Tarpauling;
One group of described quantity of strut is 3-5, described one group of connecting rod, one group of elastic rubber belt and one group of number of drawstring
The quantity measured with one group of strut is consistent.
The application method of apparatus of the present invention is as follows:
(1)From a top cylinder, bottom cylinder, a several intermediate cylinders, it is assembled into a variable diameters and does not couple presplitting cartridge,
Just bottom is installed to bottom cylinder lower end and screws;
(2)The cartridge case that will be merged is put into the aperture of blasthole, holds top cylinder, effect of each cylinder in cartridge case in gravity
Lower tenesmus, and make to be fixed between each cylinder by rubber sliding-proof set;Then ring will be centered about to be installed to top cylinder upper end and screw,
Manual drawstring is penetrated again is centered about ring and is fixed;
(3)After overall cylinder slowly is moved down into bottom hole along blasthole using manual drawstring, manual drawstring is put into outside blasthole;
(4)Then the collapsible frustum drum of umbellate form explosive loader is folded into small size, holds the drawstring of explosive loader by umbellate form
Explosive loader is put into blasthole, and decentralization is stopped at blast hole stemming length, and the cylinder of umbellate form explosive loader is just docked to the top cylinder of cartridge case
Upper end;Then drawstring is slowly put down, due to the effect of elastic rubber belt, elastic rubber belt drivening rod, and then pulls strut to strut dress
Medicine device;
(5)Explosive loading truck in device to injecting emulsion;
(6)After having noted explosive, close up and pull the drawstring of explosive loader, umbellate form explosive loader is taken out from blasthole.
It is an advantage of the invention that:
(1)Cartridge case in apparatus of the present invention is the concentrically nested formula structure of variable diameters conically shaped, is capable of achieving in blasthole radially not
The coefficient of coup changes and changes with blast hole depth, and bottom hole dose can well overcome greatly clamping action to the shadow of demolition effect
Ring, prevent foundation, and blasthole top dose is less can reduce rock mass disintegrating area degree of crushing, reduces Dust Capacity, weakens country rock punching
Ripple is hit, reduces blasting vibration;
(2)The collapsible frustum drum of the umbellate form explosive loader in apparatus of the present invention can enter in the blasthole of different-diameter, and root
Opened automatically according to the size of blasthole, meet the requirement of cased charge.With powder charge it is quick, convenient, be applicable all kinds of surface blasting works
The features such as presplit blasting of journey;
(3)Extensively, cost of manufacture is cheap, and onsite application is easy to carry, simple to operate, can for the material source that the present invention is used
Presplitting, side slope, cutting and photoface exploision for all kinds of blasting engineerings.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of umbellate form explosive loader.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that variable diameters do not couple presplitting cartridge.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, a kind of presplitting means for loading that do not couple or not presplitting cartridge 1 and umbellate form dress by variable diameters
Medicine device 2 is constituted.
Variable diameters do not couple presplitting cartridge 1, and by bottom 101, the bottom cylinder 103 being threadedly coupled with this bottom 101 is inserted successively
Be connected on one group of intermediate cylinder 104 in this bottom cylinder 103, grafting top cylinder 105 herein in one group of intermediate cylinder 104 and with this top cylinder 105
Threaded connection be centered about ring 106 and be located at the manual drawstring 107 being centered about on ring 106 constituted, described intermediate cylinder
104 and top cylinder 105 bottom outer surface with rubber sliding-proof set 102, the cylinder diameter of described one group of intermediate cylinder 104 to lower on
Successively decrease successively;
It should be one group of different acknowledgment copy of outside dimension to be centered about ring 106, and scene can flexibly be changed according to actual conditions,
The quantity that one group of intermediate cylinder 104 can be used according to the selection of live blast hole depth;Above-mentioned all parts are unrestricted choice combination, often
Individual part can set several conventional sizes according to existing blasthole size, be easy to quick assembling application;
Described bottom cylinder, one group of intermediate cylinder and top cylinder are truncated cone cylinder, the bottom of the bottom cylinder be provided with it is described
The inner cone pipe screw thread that bottom is threadedly coupled, described top cylinder upper end is provided with and the described outer cone that ring is threadedly coupled that is centered about
Pipe screw thread;
Described rubber sliding-proof set is the taper sheath that bottom external diameter is big, top external diameter is small;
The cone angle of the truncated cone cylinder is 0.4 ° -0.8 °;
The length of the bottom cylinder, intermediate cylinder and top cylinder is 1m-2m;
The bottom cylinder, intermediate cylinder and top cylinder use the tubing making of PVC materials and length is 1m-2m.
Umbellate form explosive loader 2, by cylinder 208, the collapsible frustum drum 202 being fixedly connected with this upper end of cylinder 208, longitudinal direction point
The one group of strut 203 do not fitted and be fixedly connected with the outer surface of this collapsible frustum drum 202, one end respectively with this group of strut
203 one group of connecting rod 205 being hinged, the cylinder outer hoop I 206 being hinged with this group of other end of connecting rod 205 respectively is located at this circle
The cylinder outer hoop II 207 of the lower section of cylinder outer hoop I, one group of elastic rubber belt 204 that one end is fixedly connected with this cylinder outer hoop II 207 respectively
And one group of drawstring 201 being fixedly connected with the upper end of one group of strut 203 is constituted, the lower end of one group of strut 203 with
It is hinged outside the upper end of the cylinder 208, the other end of one group of elastic rubber belt 204 is corresponded to and one group of connecting rod respectively
205 middle and upper part is connected, and described cylinder outer hoop I 206 and cylinder outer hoop II 207 is fixedly connected with described cylinder 208;
Described collapsible frustum drum is the umbrella shape canvas cone cylinder made by corrosion-resistant, resistant to elevated temperatures Tarpauling;
One group of described quantity of strut is 3-5, described one group of connecting rod, one group of elastic rubber belt and one group of number of drawstring
The quantity measured with one group of strut is consistent.
Embodiment 2
Pre- ceasma hole depth is tested for 15 m, presplitting bore dia is 250 mm, the m of blast hole stemming length 4.5.Implement 1 device
In, the variable diameters of use do not couple 0.4 ° of the cone angle of the truncated cone cylinder of presplitting cartridge, push up a diameter of 93 mm of cylinder upper end,
Bottom cylinder lower end diameter is 240 mm, including the intermediate cylinder length of each is 1.64 m, has 7 cylinders;The umbellate form powder charge of use
The drum diameter of device is 50 mm.
The step of not coupling the specifically used method of presplitting means for loading is as follows:
(1)Cylinder, bottom cylinder, 5 intermediate cylinders are pushed up by one to be assembled into variable diameters and do not couple presplitting cartridge, by bottom
It is installed to bottom cylinder lower end and screws;
(2)The cartridge case that will be merged is put into the aperture of blasthole, holds top cylinder, effect of each cylinder in cartridge case in gravity
Lower tenesmus, will be fixed between each cylinder by the rubber sliding-proof set at maximum gauge being 3 mm, and cylinder is solid by rubber sliding-proof set with cylinder
Length of overlapped part is 0.14 m after fixed;Then ring will be centered about to be installed to top cylinder upper end and screw, then manual drawstring will be worn
Enter to be centered about ring and fix;
(3)After overall cylinder slowly is moved down into bottom hole along blasthole using manual drawstring, manual drawstring is put into outside blasthole;
(4)Then the collapsible frustum drum of umbellate form explosive loader is folded into small size, holds the drawstring of explosive loader by umbellate form
Explosive loader is put into blasthole, and decentralization is stopped at blast hole stemming length, and the cylinder of umbellate form explosive loader is just docked to the top cylinder of cartridge case
Upper end;Then drawstring is slowly put down, due to the effect of elastic rubber belt, elastic rubber belt drivening rod, and then pulls strut to strut dress
Medicine device;
(5)Explosive loading truck is to injection 1 × 10 in device4 1.1 g/cm of kg3Emulsion;
(6)After having noted explosive, close up and pull the drawstring of explosive loader, umbellate form explosive loader is taken out from blasthole.
Embodiment 3
Pre- ceasma hole depth is tested for 12 m, presplitting bore dia is 220 mm, the m of blast hole stemming length 3.6.Implement 1 device
In, do not couple 0.4 ° of the cone angle of the conically shaped of presplitting cartridge, a diameter of 108 mm of top cylinder upper end, under the cylinder of bottom using variable diameters
A diameter of 210 mm is held, including the intermediate cylinder length of each is 1.34 m, has 7 cylinders;Umbellate form explosive loader in optional holes
Drum diameter is 60 mm.
The step of not coupling the specifically used method of presplitting means for loading is as follows:
(1)From a top cylinder, bottom cylinder, 5 intermediate cylinders, it is assembled into variable diameters and does not couple presplitting cartridge, the bottom of by
Lid is installed to bottom cylinder lower end and screws;
(2)The cartridge case that will be merged is put into the aperture of blasthole, holds top cylinder, effect of each cylinder in cartridge case in gravity
Lower tenesmus, will be fixed between each cylinder by the rubber sliding-proof set at maximum gauge being 3 mm, and cylinder is solid by rubber sliding-proof set with cylinder
Length of overlapped part is 0.14 m after fixed;Then ring will be centered about to be installed to top cylinder upper end and screw, then manual drawstring will be worn
Enter to be centered about ring and fix;
(3)After overall cylinder slowly is moved down into bottom hole along blasthole using manual drawstring, manual drawstring is put into outside blasthole;
(4)Then the collapsible frustum drum of umbellate form explosive loader is folded into small size, holds the drawstring of explosive loader by umbellate form
Explosive loader is put into blasthole, and decentralization is stopped at blast hole stemming length, and the cylinder of umbellate form explosive loader is just docked to the top cylinder of cartridge case
Upper end;Then drawstring is slowly put down, due to the effect of elastic rubber belt, elastic rubber belt drivening rod, and then pulls strut to strut dress
Medicine device;
(5)Explosive loading truck is to 1.1 g/cm that 698 kg are injected in device3Emulsion;
(6)After having noted explosive, close up and pull the drawstring of explosive loader, umbellate form explosive loader is taken out from gun barrel.
Embodiment 4
Pre- ceasma hole depth is tested for 10 m, presplitting bore dia is 150 mm, the m of blast hole stemming length 4.Implement 1 device
In, do not couple 0.4 ° of the cone angle of the conically shaped of presplitting cartridge, a diameter of 77 mm of top cylinder upper end, under the cylinder of bottom using variable diameters
A diameter of 140 mm is held, including the intermediate cylinder length of each is 1.64 m, has 4 cylinders;Umbellate form explosive loader in optional holes
Drum diameter is 40 mm.Concrete technology implementation steps are as follows:
(1)From a top cylinder, bottom cylinder, 2 intermediate cylinders, it is assembled into variable diameters and does not couple presplitting cartridge, the bottom of by
Lid is installed to bottom cylinder lower end and screws;
(2)The cartridge case that will be merged is put into the aperture of blasthole, holds top cylinder, effect of each cylinder in cartridge case in gravity
Lower tenesmus, will be fixed between each cylinder by the rubber sliding-proof set at maximum gauge being 3 mm, and cylinder is solid by rubber sliding-proof set with cylinder
Length of overlapped part is 0.14 m after fixed;Then ring will be centered about to be installed to top cylinder upper end and screw, then manual drawstring will be worn
Enter to be centered about ring and fix;
(3)After overall cylinder slowly is moved down into bottom hole along blasthole using manual drawstring, manual drawstring is put into outside blasthole;
(4)Then the collapsible frustum drum of umbellate form explosive loader is folded into small size, holds the drawstring of explosive loader by umbellate form
Explosive loader is put into blasthole, and decentralization is stopped at blast hole stemming length, and the cylinder of umbellate form explosive loader is just docked to the top cylinder of cartridge case
Upper end;Then drawstring is slowly put down, due to the effect of elastic rubber belt, elastic rubber belt drivening rod, and then pulls strut to strut dress
Medicine device;
(5)Explosive loading truck is to 1.1 g/cm that 220 kg are injected in device3Emulsion;
(6)The manual drawstring 1 in the centre of umbellate form explosive loader, closes up and pulls the drawstring of explosive loader in first drawing holes, by umbellate form
Explosive loader takes out from gun barrel.
Claims (8)
1. one kind does not couple presplitting means for loading, it is characterised in that do not couple presplitting cartridge and umbellate form explosive loader by variable diameters
Composition;The umbellate form explosive loader is located at the top that variable diameters do not couple presplitting cartridge;
Described variable diameters do not couple presplitting cartridge, by bottom, the bottom cylinder being threadedly coupled with this bottom, successively grafting bottom herein
One group of intermediate cylinder in cylinder, grafting top cylinder herein in one group of intermediate cylinder and is centered about ring and sets with this pushes up that cylinder is threadedly coupled
Constituted in the manual drawstring being centered about on ring, described intermediate cylinder and top cylinder bottom outer surface carries rubber sliding-proof set,
The cylinder diameter of one group of described intermediate cylinder to lower on successively decrease successively;
Described umbellate form explosive loader, by cylinder, the collapsible frustum drum being fixedly connected with this cylinder upper end, longitudinal direction is rolled over this respectively
The outer surface laminating of stacked frustum drum and one group of strut being fixedly connected, one group of company that one end is hinged with this group of strut respectively
Bar, the cylinder outer hoop I being hinged with this group of connecting rod other end respectively is located at the cylinder outer hoop II of this lower section of cylinder outer hoop I, one
End one group of elastic rubber belt being fixedly connected with this cylinder outer hoop II respectively and be fixedly connected with the upper end of one group of strut
Group drawstring is constituted, and is hinged outside the lower end of one group of strut and the upper end of the cylinder, one group of elastic rubber belt
The other end corresponds to is connected with the middle and upper part of one group of connecting rod respectively, described cylinder outer hoop I and cylinder outer hoop II with it is described
Cylinder be fixedly connected.
2. one kind according to claim 1 does not couple presplitting means for loading, it is characterised in that
Described bottom cylinder, one group of intermediate cylinder and top cylinder are taper type cylinder, and the bottom of the bottom cylinder is provided with and described bottom spiral shell
The inner cone pipe screw thread of line connection, described top cylinder upper end is provided with and the described outer taper pipe thread that ring is threadedly coupled that is centered about.
3. one kind according to claim 1 does not couple presplitting means for loading, it is characterised in that
Described rubber sliding-proof set is the taper sheath that bottom external diameter is big, top external diameter is small.
4. one kind according to claim 1 does not couple presplitting means for loading, it is characterised in that
The bottom cylinder, intermediate cylinder and top cylinder use the tubing making of PVC materials and length is 1m-2m.
5. one kind according to claim 2 does not couple presplitting means for loading, it is characterised in that
The cone angle of the taper type cylinder is 0.4 ° -0.8 °.
6. one kind according to claim 1 does not couple presplitting means for loading, it is characterised in that described collapsible frustum drum
It is the umbrella shape canvas cone cylinder made by corrosion-resistant, resistant to elevated temperatures Tarpauling.
7. one kind according to claim 1 does not couple presplitting means for loading, it is characterised in that one group of described number of strut
It is 3-5 to measure, described one group of connecting rod, one group of elastic rubber belt and one group of quantity of drawstring with the quantity phase of one group of strut
Unanimously.
8. a kind of application method for not coupling presplitting means for loading described in claim 1, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly:
(1)From a top cylinder, bottom cylinder, a several intermediate cylinders, it is assembled into a variable diameters and does not couple presplitting cartridge, the bottom of by
Lid is installed to bottom cylinder lower end and screws;
(2)The variable diameters that will be merged do not couple the aperture that presplitting cartridge is put into blasthole, hold top cylinder, variable diameters not coupling
Each cylinder closed in presplitting cartridge drops under gravity, and makes to be fixed between each cylinder by rubber sliding-proof set;Then
Ring will be centered about it will be installed to top cylinder upper end and screwing, then manual drawstring is penetrated is centered about ring and fixation;
(3)Variable diameters are not coupled using manual drawstring after presplitting cartridge slowly moves down into bottom hole along blasthole, by manual drawstring
It is put into outside blasthole;
(4)Then the collapsible frustum drum of umbellate form explosive loader is folded into small size, holds the drawstring of umbellate form explosive loader by umbellate form
Explosive loader is put into blasthole, and decentralization is stopped at blast hole stemming length, and the cylinder of umbellate form explosive loader is just docked to variable diameters not coupling
Close the top cylinder upper end of presplitting cartridge;Then drawstring is slowly put down, due to the effect of elastic rubber belt, elastic rubber belt drivening rod,
And then pull strut to strut umbellate form explosive loader;
(5)Explosive loading truck in device to injecting emulsion;
(6)After having noted explosive, close up and pull the drawstring of umbellate form explosive loader, umbellate form explosive loader is taken out from blasthole.
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CN201610641608.1A CN106123716B (en) | 2016-08-08 | 2016-08-08 | One kind does not couple presplitting means for loading and application method |
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CN108680069B (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-12-31 | 北方爆破科技有限公司 | Non-coupling charging device and method for preventing excessive ore crushing and spontaneous combustion of sulfide ore |
CN108917507A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-30 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of variable diameters are radially uniform not to couple continuous charging structure and its loading method |
CN114894056A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-08-12 | 中国葛洲坝集团易普力股份有限公司 | Presplitting blasting rapid charging device and charging method |
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US5798477A (en) * | 1996-12-18 | 1998-08-25 | Givens; Richard W. | Explosive cartridge assembly for presplitting rock |
CN201945260U (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-08-24 | 贵州久联民爆器材发展股份有限公司 | Blast hole explosive charging protector for deep-hole earth-stone blasting engineering |
CN202494397U (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2012-10-17 | 辽宁科技大学 | An environment-friendly circumferential explosive loading spacer |
CN203642813U (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2014-06-11 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Environment-friendly bilinear energy-gathered non-coupling explosive charging spacer |
CN204188085U (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-03-04 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | For the airspace device of blasting engineering |
CN204694174U (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-10-07 | 河南工程学院 | A kind of big gun hole deformation charge device |
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