CN106123489A - 一种混合塔制氧方法 - Google Patents

一种混合塔制氧方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106123489A
CN106123489A CN201610497829.6A CN201610497829A CN106123489A CN 106123489 A CN106123489 A CN 106123489A CN 201610497829 A CN201610497829 A CN 201610497829A CN 106123489 A CN106123489 A CN 106123489A
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air
oxygen
tower
liquid
enter
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蒋彬
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SUZHOU OXYGEN PLANT CO Ltd
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SUZHOU OXYGEN PLANT CO Ltd
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Priority to CN201610497829.6A priority Critical patent/CN106123489A/zh
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
    • F25J3/04054—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of air
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
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    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
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    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
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    • F25J2250/52—One fluid being oxygen enriched compared to air, e.g. "crude oxygen"

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种混合塔制氧方法，步骤如下：1、空气经自洁式空气过滤器过滤后进入空气压缩机压缩，进入空气预冷系统；2、空气在空冷塔中被冷却水以及被水冷塔和冷水机组冷却的冷冻水冷却降温，并经水洗涤，除掉水溶性杂质后进入分子筛纯化系统；3、空气中的水分、二氧化碳等筛除掉后进入分成四路：第一路进入分馏塔内冷却至液化温度‑168℃后分别进入下塔；第二路空气去膨胀机增压端，经冷却器冷却后进入主换热器换热后，经透平膨胀机进行制冷，膨胀后的空气进入上塔精馏；第三路空气在下塔精馏得到液氮和富氧液空，进上塔各物料经精馏后得到液氧、污氮气；第四路作为仪表气。通过上述方式，本发明既生产压力氧，又降低空压机压力，提高提取率。

Description

一种混合塔制氧方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制氧方法，特别是一种通过增加混合塔与液氧泵，使空气与液氧直接混合精馏，产生带压力的富氧气，既可直接生产压力氧，又可以降低空压机压力，提高提取率的混合塔制氧方法。
背景技术
国家发布实施的《促进产业结构调整暂行规定》和与之相配的《产业结构调整指导目录》，“能耗”是划分“目录”的一个很重要的标准。采用高新技术来降低能耗的项目列入“鼓励类”，凡是资源和能源消耗高、严重污染环境和破坏环境的项目则被列入“淘汰类”，一批落后产品将被限期淘汰。
常规空分流程只能生产常压氧气，如果氧气带压必需氧压机加压。内压缩空分流程能生产压力氧气不需氧压机，但是需要低温液氧泵与增压机增压空气或氮气。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种通过增加混合塔与液氧泵，使空气与液氧直接混合精馏，产生带压力的富氧气，既可直接生产压力氧，又可以降低空压机压力，提高提取率的混合塔制氧方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的一个技术方案是一种混合塔制氧方法，其特征在于：具体步骤如下：
步骤1：空气经自洁式空气过滤器，过滤掉尘埃和机械杂质后进入空气压缩机，压缩后进入空气预冷系统；
步骤2：空气在空冷塔中被冷却水以及被水冷塔和冷水机组冷却的冷冻水冷却降温，并经水洗涤，除掉水溶性杂质后进入分子筛纯化系统；
步骤3：进入分子筛纯化系统后，空气中的水分、二氧化碳等经纯化器的活性氧化铝和分子筛除掉后进入分成四路：
第一路空气进入分馏塔中，通过调节蝶阀进行分流，分配进入各个主换热器；空气经过主换热器与返流气体换热，被冷却至液化温度-168℃后一部分进入下塔；另一部分进液空蒸发器冷凝后进入下塔；
第二路空气去膨胀机增压端，作为膨胀气体，经冷却器冷却后进入主换热器与返流气体换热，这部分空气被冷却，从主换热器中部抽出，经透平膨胀机进行制冷，膨胀后的空气进入上塔参与精馏；
第三路空气在下塔经过精馏得到液氮以及富氧液空；从下塔中部抽取部分液空过冷后节流作为上塔回流液；液氮经过冷后一部分节流作为上塔回流液，一部分节流进行气液分离后得到的液氮，作为液体产品输出。富氧液空从下塔底部导出后进入过冷器，被从上塔来的污氮气冷却过冷，经节流后作为回流液进入上塔；进上塔各物料经精馏后得到液氧、污氮气；一部分液氧从冷凝蒸发器抽出，通过高压液氧泵增压与空气在高压换热器换热，直接送往用户管网；一部分工艺液氧从上塔下部通过液氧泵增压后送往混合塔喷淋，与蒸发的富氧空气混合，得到95%氧气；95%氧气进入主换热器，复热后出冷箱送往用户管网；污氮气从上塔上部抽出，依次通过过冷器、主换热器，复热后其部分进入分子筛纯化系统，作为分子筛再生气，多余部分送往预冷系统；
第四路空气作为仪表气。
优选的，所述分馏塔由上塔、下塔、混合塔、主换热器、冷凝蒸发器和低温液体泵组成。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明所述的一种混合塔制氧方法，通过增加混合塔与液氧泵，使空气与液氧直接混合精馏，产生带压力的富氧气，生产95%左右富氧气；既可直接生产压力氧，又可以降低空压机压力，理论上节省能耗7%左右，提高提取率。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明技术方案作进一步说明：
附图1为本发明所述的一种混合塔制氧方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
本发明实施例包括：一种混合塔制氧方法，其特征在于：具体步骤如下：
步骤1：空气经自洁式空气过滤器，过滤掉尘埃和机械杂质后进入空气压缩机，压缩后进入空气预冷系统；
步骤2：空气在空冷塔中被冷却水以及被水冷塔和冷水机组冷却的冷冻水冷却降温，并经水洗涤，除掉水溶性杂质后进入分子筛纯化系统；所述分子筛纯化系统由两台吸附器、两台电加热器等组成；所述两台吸附器切换使用；当一台工作时，另一台被分馏塔来的污氮气经电加热器加热再生；所述两台电加热器一用一备；
步骤3：进入分子筛纯化系统后，空气中的水分、二氧化碳等经纯化器的活性氧化铝和分子筛除掉后进入分成四路：
第一路空气进入分馏塔中，通过调节蝶阀进行分流，分配进入各个主换热器；空气经过主换热器与返流气体换热，被冷却至液化温度-168℃后一部分进入下塔；另一部分进液空蒸发器冷凝后进入下塔；
第二路空气去膨胀机增压端，作为膨胀气体，经冷却器冷却后进入主换热器与返流气体换热，这部分空气被冷却，从主换热器中部抽出，经透平膨胀机进行制冷，膨胀后的空气进入上塔参与精馏；
第三路空气在下塔经过精馏得到液氮以及富氧液空；从下塔中部抽取部分液空过冷后节流作为上塔回流液；液氮经过冷后一部分节流作为上塔回流液，一部分节流进行气液分离后得到的液氮，作为液体产品输出；富氧液空从下塔底部导出后进入过冷器，被从上塔来的污氮气冷却过冷，经节流后作为回流液进入上塔；进上塔各物料经精馏后得到液氧、污氮气；一部分液氧从冷凝蒸发器抽出，通过高压液氧泵增压与空气在高压换热器换热，直接送往用户管网；一部分工艺液氧从上塔下部通过液氧泵增压后送往混合塔喷淋，与蒸发的富氧空气混合，得到95%氧气；95%氧气进入主换热器，复热后出冷箱送往用户管网；污氮气从上塔上部抽出，依次通过过冷器、主换热器，复热后其部分进入分子筛纯化系统，作为分子筛再生气，多余部分送往预冷系统；
第四路空气作为仪表气。
所述所述分馏塔由上塔、下塔、混合塔、主换热器、冷凝蒸发器和低温液体泵等组成。
通过增加一台混合塔、过冷器、蒸发器，低温液体泵，将混合塔与主塔联系起来。生产95%左右富氧气。生产带压富氧气，降低空压机排气压力，理论上节省能耗7%左右。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明所述的一种混合塔制氧方法，通过增加混合塔与液氧泵，使空气与液氧直接混合精馏，产生带压力的富氧气，生产95%左右富氧气；既可直接生产压力氧，又可以降低空压机压力，理论上节省能耗7%左右，提高提取率。
以上仅是本发明的具体应用范例，对本发明的保护范围不构成任何限制。凡采用等同变换或者等效替换而形成的技术方案，均落在本发明权利保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

1.一种混合塔制氧方法，其特征在于：具体步骤如下：
步骤1：空气经自洁式空气过滤器，过滤掉尘埃和机械杂质后进入空气压缩机，压缩后进入空气预冷系统；
步骤2：空气在空冷塔中被冷却水以及被水冷塔和冷水机组冷却的冷冻水冷却降温，并经水洗涤，除掉水溶性杂质后进入分子筛纯化系统；
步骤3：进入分子筛纯化系统后，空气中的水分、二氧化碳等经纯化器的活性氧化铝和分子筛除掉后进入分成四路：
第一路空气进入分馏塔中，通过调节蝶阀进行分流，分配进入各个主换热器；空气经过主换热器与返流气体换热，被冷却至液化温度-168℃后一部分进入下塔；另一部分进液空蒸发器冷凝后进入下塔；
第二路空气去膨胀机增压端，作为膨胀气体，经冷却器冷却后进入主换热器与返流气体换热，这部分空气被冷却，从主换热器中部抽出，经透平膨胀机进行制冷，膨胀后的空气进入上塔参与精馏；
第三路空气在下塔经过精馏得到液氮以及富氧液空；从下塔中部抽取部分液空过冷后节流作为上塔回流液；液氮经过冷后一部分节流作为上塔回流液，一部分节流进行气液分离后得到的液氮，作为液体产品输出；富氧液空从下塔底部导出后进入过冷器，被从上塔来的污氮气冷却过冷，经节流后作为回流液进入上塔；进上塔各物料经精馏后得到液氧、污氮气；一部分液氧从冷凝蒸发器抽出，通过高压液氧泵增压与空气在高压换热器换热，直接送往用户管网；一部分工艺液氧从上塔下部通过液氧泵增压后送往混合塔喷淋，与蒸发的富氧空气混合，得到95%氧气；95%氧气进入主换热器，复热后出冷箱送往用户管网；污氮气从上塔上部抽出，依次通过过冷器、主换热器，复热后其部分进入分子筛纯化系统，作为分子筛再生气，多余部分送往预冷系统；
第四路空气作为仪表气。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合塔制氧方法，其特征在于：所述分馏塔由上塔、下塔、混合塔、主换热器、冷凝蒸发器和低温液体泵组成。
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