CN106123095A - Electric heating device - Google Patents
Electric heating device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106123095A CN106123095A CN201610639958.4A CN201610639958A CN106123095A CN 106123095 A CN106123095 A CN 106123095A CN 201610639958 A CN201610639958 A CN 201610639958A CN 106123095 A CN106123095 A CN 106123095A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- heat pipe
- fin
- vent
- electric heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
- F24D13/04—Electric heating systems using electric heating of heat-transfer fluid in separate units of the system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1096—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for electric heating systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/08—Electric heater
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to electric heating device, including: housing, heat source body, heat carrier, heat pipe and fin, described heat source body is connected with described heat carrier, described heat carrier is connected with described heat pipe, described heat pipe is connected with described fin, being filled with heat-conducting work medium, described heat pipe and described fin in described heat pipe and may be contained within described housing, described housing offers the first vent and the second vent.Generate heat after heat source body energising, heat is transferred to heat pipe by heat carrier, owing to being filled with heat-conducting work medium in heat pipe, heat-conducting work medium makes the heat can be quick along heat pipe, Transmit evenly, and then it is transferred to fin, cold air imports hull outside via the first vent under Effect of Nature Convection, through being derived by the second vent after fin heats, reach to add the effect of hot-air, thus realize highly effective heating, there is buying expenses low, energy saving in running, reliability is high, body-sensing thermal comfort, instant-heating i.e. close and i.e. stop, air is moist, noiselessness, the feature that safety is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heating technical field, particularly relate to electric heating device.
Background technology
Electric heater is for making people live or produce space to be maintained at suitable Warm status and the electric heating heat supply that arranges sets
Execute.As basic living household electrical appliances, user is cheap (the lowest cost, operation low including buying expenses to the basic demand of electric heater
Expense is low, length in service life), handy (the highest experience, including simple to operate, comfortableness, safety).
Electric heater includes electric heating conversion links and heat dissipation link on engineering significance, and tradition electric heater is according to heat radiation side
The difference of formula is divided into heat-conducting, radiant type and convection type (forcing formula stream and natural convection).
Heat-conducting electric heater includes electric blanket, hand warmer etc., is only used for monomer heating.
Radiating electric warmer includes Far infrared electric heated filament, quartz ampoule and halide torch etc., all there is high temperature safe sex chromosome mosaicism, only
Can be used for that local heating, operation energy consumption be high, air is dried.
Forced convertion formula electric heater includes warm-air drier and air-conditioning, and wherein warm-air drier operation energy consumption height, air are dried, make an uproar
Sound;And air-conditioning is dried, have noise, buying expenses high.
Natural convection electric heater includes the mechanical, electrical hotting mask in oil spit of fland, European fast hot stove, water power warmer, superconducting radiator etc., its
Middle oil spit of fland machine exist high temperature safe sex chromosome mosaicism, operation energy consumption is high, cannot accomplish Ji Kaijire i.e. close i.e. stop, air is dried;Electric heating
Film and European fast hot stove exist that high temperature safe sex chromosome mosaicism, operation energy consumption be high, air is dried;Water power warmer cannot be accomplished i.e. to open i.e.
Hot i.e. close i.e. stop, buying expenses high;Superconducting radiator integrity problem is very big, is difficult to service life cover multiple Heating Period.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to for tradition electric heater buying expenses height, operation energy consumption height, poor reliability, be only used for list
Body or local heating, cannot accomplish Ji Kaijire i.e. close i.e. stop, air is dried, have noise, there is high temperature safe sex chromosome mosaicism etc. and lack
Fall into, it is provided that a kind of electric heating device, it is possible to take into account that buying expenses is low, operating cost is low, length in service life and simple to operate, comfortable
Property, safety, to meet the low cost of user, the high basic demand experienced.
A kind of electric heating device, including: housing, heat source body, heat carrier, heat pipe and fin, described heat source body is led with described
Hot body connects, and described heat carrier is connected with described heat pipe, and described heat pipe is connected with described fin, fills in described heat pipe
Being provided with heat-conducting work medium, described heat pipe and described fin and may be contained within described housing, described housing offers the first ventilation
Mouth and the second vent.
Further, described heat pipe is the Z-shaped setting that multiple head and the tail connect.
Further, the two ends of described heat pipe are connected with described heat carrier.
Further, in described heat source body is arranged at described heat carrier.
Further, described first vent and described second vent are respectively arranged at the two ends of described housing.Described
First vent and described second vent are oppositely arranged.
Further, described fin surface is set to plane.
Further, described fin surface is set to concavo-convex.
Further, the equivalent diameter of described heat pipe is more than or equal to 6mm.
Further, described housing is Al-alloy casing.
Further, also include that temperature control module, described temperature control module electrically connect with described heat source body.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: generating heat after heat source body energising, heat is transferred to heat pipe by heat carrier, owing to leading
Being filled with heat-conducting work medium in heat pipe, heat-conducting work medium makes heat rapidly and uniformly can transmit along heat pipe, and then is transferred to
Fin, cold air imports hull outside via the first vent under Effect of Nature Convection, through being led to by second after fin heats
Air port is derived, and reaches to add the effect of hot-air, thus realizes highly effective heating, has that buying expenses is low, energy saving in running, reliability
Height, body-sensing thermal comfort, instant-heating i.e. close i.e. stop, air is moist, noiselessness, safety are high feature.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
In having technology to describe, the required accompanying drawing used is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawing in describing below is only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, also may be used
To obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of the electric heating device of an embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the perspective view of the electric heating device of another embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Describe, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments wholely.Based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art obtained under not making creative work premise all other
Embodiment, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
As it is shown in figure 1, the electric heating device 10 that it is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, including: housing 100, heat source body 200,
Heat carrier 300, heat pipe 400 and fin 500, described heat source body 200 is connected with described heat carrier 300, described heat carrier 300 with
Described heat pipe 400 connects, and described heat pipe 400 is connected with described fin 500, has been filled with and leads in described heat pipe 400
Hot working fluid, described heat pipe 400 and described fin 500 may be contained within described housing 100, and described housing 100 offers first
Vent 110 and the second vent 120.
In the present embodiment, heat source body 200 is electrothermal tube, and such as, this electrothermal tube is the electrothermal tube with helical fin 500
Or three-dimensional heating electrothermal tube, and for example, heat source body 200 is electromagnetic induction heating source, and heat source body 200 is used for generating heat after powered up,
Such as, this heat pipe 400 is confined bed heat pipe 400, and inside has been filled with heat-conducting work medium, specifically, after heat source body 200 energising
Heating, heat is transferred to heat pipe 400, owing to being filled with heat-conducting work medium, heat-conducting work medium in heat pipe 400 by heat carrier 300
Heat can rapidly and uniformly be transmitted along heat pipe 400, and then be transferred to fin 500, cold air is made in free convection
Import housing 100 via the first vent 110 under with internal, through being derived by the second vent 120 after fin 500 heats, reach
To adding the effect of hot-air, thus realize highly effective heating, have that buying expenses is low, energy saving in running, reliability high, body-sensing heat is relaxed
Suitable, instant-heating i.e. close i.e. stop, air is moist, noiselessness, there is not the feature of safety issue.
In order to improve area of dissipation, and then make heat supply efficiency higher, in one embodiment, as it is shown in figure 1, described in lead
The Z-shaped setting that heat pipe 400 connects in multiple head and the tail, such as, described heat pipe 400 is arranged in roundabout annular, such as, heat pipe
400 are arranged in multiple folding, and such as, heat pipe 400 is in multiple rows of setting, and such as, multiple rows of described heat pipe 400 is parallel to each other, again
As, multiple rows of described heat pipe 400 is interlaced, so that heat pipe 400 can be dispersed throughout in housing 100 so that heat energy
Enough it is uniformly distributed along the heat-conducting work medium in heat pipe 400.
In order to improve the heat exchanger effectiveness of heat pipe 400 and fin 500 so that more preferably, and energy consumption is lower, example for heating effect
As, heat pipe 400 and fin 500 Mulit-point Connection, such as, heat pipe 400 is connected with fin 500, and such as, fin 500 has
Bearing surface, Z-shaped heat pipe 400 is Mulit-point Connection with the bearing surface of fin 500, and such as, fin 500 welds with heat pipe 400, again
As, fin 500 and heat pipe 400 clamping, in the present embodiment, owing to heat pipe 400 is bigger with the connection area of fin 500, have
It is beneficial to the heat exchanger effectiveness improving heat pipe 400 with fin 500, so the most energy-conservation so that and heating effect is more preferably.
So that the heat conduction effect of heat pipe 400 is higher, such as, heat pipe 400 is metal heat-conducting tube 400, and such as, this is led
Heat pipe 400 is made for stainless steel, and such as, this heat pipe 400 is copper heat pipe 400, and such as, this heat pipe 400 is led for titanium
Heat pipe 400, such as, this heat pipe 400 is titanium alloy heat pipe 400, and and for example, this heat pipe 400 is aluminium alloy heat pipe 400,
The heat pipe 400 that above-mentioned material is made has good heat conductivility, it is possible to high-efficiency heat conduction, it is to avoid thermal losses so that heat conduction
In hgher efficiency and the most energy-conservation.
Such as, this heat-conducting work medium be R14, R1150, R508A, R508B, R503, R116, R23, R13, R744, R170,
R744A、R41、R504、R125、R509A、R428A、R410B、R410A、R507A、R422A、R218、R404A、R421B、
One or more in R143a, R422C, R407B, R434A, R402A, R32, R419A, R403B, R422D and R115, heat conduction
Working medium can turn round and look at and circulate in heat pipe 400, and transmits heat so that the heat of heat pipe 400 more uniformly spreads, an enforcement
In example, the heat-conducting work medium being filled in heat pipe 400 is set to supercriticality, such as, is filled in the heat conduction in heat pipe 400
Working medium is in a supercritical state, working medium in a supercritical state, and temperature and pressure are higher than its critical point, and thermal diffusion performance is good,
Illustrate, such as working medium R14, in temperature more than-45.64 DEG C, pressure more than in the case of 3.75MPa, in a supercritical state, can
The diffusion utilizing working medium good carries out efficient heat transmission, so that heat conductivility is more preferably so that heat pipe 400
Heat transfer efficiency improves.
In the present embodiment, heat carrier 300 is heat collection body, for collecting the heat of heat source body 200, and is transferred to heat conduction
Pipe 400, in order to improve the heat collection efficiency of heat carrier 300, in one embodiment, described heat source body 200 is arranged at described
In heat carrier 300, such as, heat carrier 300 is the internal cylindrical tube with hollow-core construction, and heat source body 200 is arranged at this and leads
In hot body 300, so, the heat of heat source body 200 can fully be collected and absorb by heat carrier 300, and is transferred to heat pipe 400.
Such as, this heat carrier 300 has circular cross-section, and and for example, this heat carrier 300 has elliptic cross-section, such as, and this heat carrier 300
Material be copper, such as, the material of this heat carrier 300 is aluminium alloy, and such as, the material of this heat carrier 300 is rustless steel.Above-mentioned
The heat carrier 300 that material is made has good heat conductivility, it is possible to is concentrated by the heat of heat source body 200 fast and efficiently and passes
It is handed to heat pipe 400.
And so that heat can efficiently be transferred to heat pipe 400, such as, further, the two of described heat pipe 400
End is connected with described heat carrier 300, and such as, two ends with described heat carrier 300 respectively, the two ends of described heat pipe 400 are connected,
Owing to the heat-conducting work medium in heat pipe 400 is fluid, therefore, after the two ends of heat pipe 400 are heated, the heat-conducting work medium energy of fluid
Enough efficiently even heat is transferred in the middle part of heat pipe 400, and then makes the overall consistent heat generation of heat pipe 400, so that
The heat of heat carrier 300 can efficiently be transferred to heat pipe 400, it is achieved energy-conservation.
Further, in one embodiment, this first vent 110 is air inlet, and this second vent 120 is air-out
Mouthful, such as, electric heating device 10 also includes fan, and fan is arranged at the first vent 110 or the second vent 120, and fan is used
In housing 100 extraneous air is blown in housing 100 in the first vent 110, and by the Air blowing housing in housing 100
Outside 100, specifically, the air outside housing 100 is entered in housing 100 by the first vent 110, and air absorbs heat pipe 400
After the heat of fin 500, discharge housing 100 outside through the second vent 120, heat for housing 100 surrounding.
In order to improve the circulation efficiency of air, and improve air and absorb the efficiency of heat, further, as it is shown in figure 1, institute
Stating the first vent 110 and described second vent 120 is respectively arranged at the two ends of described housing 100, such as, described first leads to
Air port 110 and described second vent 120 are oppositely arranged, and so, air flows to the other end from one end of housing 100 so that
Air circulation is the most direct, improves the circulation efficiency of air, and allows air to quickly take away the heat of fin 500, for
The circulation efficiency of further raising air and absorb the efficiency of heat, further, described fin 500 direction is along the first vent
110 and second vent 120 direction arrange, such as, being oriented parallel to of fin 500 connects described first vent 110 and institute
Stating the straight line of the second vent 120, such as, fin 500 is set to multiple rows of, and multiple rows of described fin 500 is parallel to each other, and described wing
The direction of sheet 500 is consistent, in this reality with the direction of the straight line connecting described first vent 110 and described second vent 120
Executing in example, the direction of fin 500 is consistent with air circulating direction so that air passage rates faster, and makes air more hold
Easily absorb the heat of fin 500, improve heat exchanger effectiveness.
In order to increase the surface area of fin 500, improve the contact area with air, and then improve heat exchanger effectiveness, enter one
Step ground, described fin 500 surface configuration is plane, and and for example, further, described fin 500 surface configuration is concavo-convex, institute
Showing that fin 500 has odd-shaped cross section, so, owing to the surface of fin 500 is concavo-convex, or fin 500 has abnormity and cuts
Face, so that the surface area of fin 500 is bigger, improves the contact area with air, thus improves fin 500 and air
Heat exchanger effectiveness, and then make the energy consumption heated lower.
Such as, described heat pipe 400 has circular cross-section, and such as, described heat pipe 400 has semi-circular cross-section, such as,
Described heat pipe 400 has elliptic cross-section, and such as, described heat pipe 400 has half elliptic cross section, and for example, described heat conduction
Pipe 400 has square-section.
In one embodiment, the diameter of described heat pipe 400 is more than or equal to 6mm, such as, this diameter of internal diameter, example
As, the equivalent diameter of described heat pipe 400 is more than or equal to 6mm, and equivalent diameter is the pipe diameter that heat-conducting work medium radius is equal.
It is noted that the diameter of heat pipe 400 is unsuitable too small, the circulation making heat-conducting work medium is reduced by too small diameter, and
The diameter of heat pipe 400 is also unsuitable excessive, excessive, makes high cost, and increases the volume of electric heating device 10.
In order to improve heat supply efficiency further so that electric heating device 10 is the most energy-conservation, further, described housing 100 is
Al-alloy casing, in the present embodiment, the housing 100 of aluminium alloy has good heat conductivility, it is possible to make the heat in housing 100
Amount is distributed by housing 100, so that the heating effect of electric heating device 10 is more preferably and the most energy-conservation.In further embodiment
In, the material of described housing 100 is rustless steel, the Stainless Steel Shell of described housing 100, and rustless steel has good heat conduction equally
Performance, it is possible to make the heating effect of electric heating device 10 more preferably, and the most energy-conservation.Such as, this housing 100 is one-body molded, and for example,
This housing 100 is multisection type, and interval is arranged.
So that heating effect is the most suitable and the most energy-conservation, in one embodiment, as it is shown in figure 1, electric heating device
10 also include that temperature control module 600, described temperature control module 600 electrically connect with described heat source body 200.Temperature control module 600 is used for detecting
The temperature of air or the temperature of fin 500, according to the temperature of air or the work of the temperature eat source body 200 of fin 500, such as,
When temperature is too high, cut off the power supply of heat source body 200 so that heat source body 200 stops heating, such as, when the temperature is too low, for heat
Source body 200 is energized so that heat source body 200 operational heat, so that the temperature of heating is the most suitable, and can be the most energy-conservation.
As it is shown in figure 1, the electric heating device 10 that it is a specific embodiment, this electric heating device 10 is wall-hanging electric heating
Device, uses fin 500 heat exchanger, ventilates and uses Natural Heat Convection mode;Housing 100 is monolithic construction, the material of housing 100
Matter is rustless steel;Air inlet 110 and air outlet 120 lay respectively at electric heater bottom and top, owing to hot-air density is less,
Lighter weight, beneficially hot-air are upwards discharged;Temperature control module 600 is built-in, controls heat source body based on fin 500 temperature
The start and stop of 200, and the function such as band overtemperature prote, unequal protection;Heat pipe 400 is a branch road, and arrangement mode is staggered arrangement, material
Being aluminium alloy, cross sectional shape is circular, and equivalent diameter is 6mm, and filling working medium is R23;Fin 500 is one group of fin 500, places
Mode is vertically to place, and material is aluminum, and surface is plane regular texture, uses specification of the same race, with the fit system of heat pipe 400
It it is welding;The material of heat carrier 300 is aluminium alloy, and cross sectional shape is circular, conducting of connecting with heat pipe 400;Heat source body 200 is
Three-dimensional heating electrothermal tube, within being positioned at heat carrier 300.
As in figure 2 it is shown, the electric heating device 20 that it is another specific embodiment, this electric heating device 20 is window electric heating of wafing
Device, uses fin 500 ' heat exchanger configuration, ventilates and uses Natural Heat Convection mode;Housing 100 ' is discontinuous structure, housing
The material of 100 ' is aluminium alloy;Air inlet 110 ' and air outlet 120 ' lay respectively at electric heater bottom and top;Temperature control module
For functions such as circumscribed, start and stop based on air temperature control heat source body 200 ', and band overtemperature prote, unequal protections;Heat pipe
400 ' include two branch roads, and arrangement mode is in-line arrangement, and material is rustless steel, and cross sectional shape is circular, and equivalent diameter is 10mm, fills out
Filling working medium is R504;Fin 500 ' is many group fins 500 ', and modes of emplacement is vertically to place, and material is aluminum, and surface is surface ga(u)ge
Then structure, uses specification of the same race, is clamping with the fit system of heat pipe 400 ';The material of heat carrier 300 ' is rustless steel, cuts
Face is generally circular in shape, conducting of connecting with heat pipe 400 ';Heat source body 200 ' is the electrothermal tube of helical fin 500 ', is positioned at heat carrier
Within 300 '.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can combine arbitrarily, for making description succinct, not to above-mentioned reality
The all possible combination of each technical characteristic executed in example is all described, but, as long as the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, all it is considered to be the scope that this specification is recorded.
Embodiment described above only have expressed the several embodiments of the present invention, and it describes more concrete and detailed, but also
Can not therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that, come for those of ordinary skill in the art
Saying, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some deformation and improvement, these broadly fall into the protection of the present invention
Scope.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (10)
1. an electric heating device, it is characterised in that including: housing, heat source body, heat carrier, heat pipe and fin, described heat source body
Being connected with described heat carrier, described heat carrier is connected with described heat pipe, and described heat pipe is connected with described fin, described heat conduction
Being filled with heat-conducting work medium, described heat pipe and described fin in pipe and may be contained within described housing, described housing offers
First vent and the second vent.
Electric heating device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described heat pipe is Z-shaped setting of connecting of multiple head and the tail
Put.
Electric heating device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the two ends of described heat pipe are with described heat carrier even
Connect.
Electric heating device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described heat source body is arranged in described heat carrier.
Electric heating device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described first vent and described second vent divide
It is not arranged at the two ends of described housing.
Electric heating device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fin surface is set to plane.
Electric heating device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fin surface is set to concavo-convex.
Electric heating device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the equivalent diameter of described heat pipe is more than or equal to
6mm。
Electric heating device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described housing is Al-alloy casing.
10. according to the electric heating device described in any one of claim 1-9, it is characterised in that also include temperature control module, described temperature control
Module electrically connects with described heat source body.
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CN201610639958.4A CN106123095A (en) | 2016-08-04 | 2016-08-04 | Electric heating device |
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CN201610639958.4A CN106123095A (en) | 2016-08-04 | 2016-08-04 | Electric heating device |
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Citations (4)
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---|---|---|---|---|
US4427875A (en) * | 1981-06-26 | 1984-01-24 | Fleming Robert J | Electric steam radiator space heating unit |
CN201944936U (en) * | 2011-03-04 | 2011-08-24 | 江丽娟 | Superconductive liquid electric warmer |
CN105546628A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-04 | 钱连合 | Quick heating system |
CN205897322U (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2017-01-18 | 广东兆瓦热能科技股份有限公司 | Electric heating device |
-
2016
- 2016-08-04 CN CN201610639958.4A patent/CN106123095A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4427875A (en) * | 1981-06-26 | 1984-01-24 | Fleming Robert J | Electric steam radiator space heating unit |
CN201944936U (en) * | 2011-03-04 | 2011-08-24 | 江丽娟 | Superconductive liquid electric warmer |
CN105546628A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-04 | 钱连合 | Quick heating system |
CN205897322U (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2017-01-18 | 广东兆瓦热能科技股份有限公司 | Electric heating device |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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周斌兴,刘文花: "《最新实用五金手册》", 28 February 2015, 河南科学技术出版社 * |
李如虎: "《三电工作实用手册》", 31 August 1997, 中国水利水电出版社 * |
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