CN106121693A - A kind of horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel suspension roof support structure and method - Google Patents
A kind of horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel suspension roof support structure and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106121693A CN106121693A CN201610579807.4A CN201610579807A CN106121693A CN 106121693 A CN106121693 A CN 106121693A CN 201610579807 A CN201610579807 A CN 201610579807A CN 106121693 A CN106121693 A CN 106121693A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel suspension roof support structure, anchor pole including supporting country rock, excavation face is divided into left half section and right half section by the centrage of tunnel excavation section by country rock, it is designed with the anchor pole for supporting horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks country rock on left half section and right half section, anchor pole is perpendicular to tunnel excavation contour line and arranges, and does not arranges anchor pole with the horizontal stratum angle tunnel excavation contour line less than 35 °.The present invention also provides for a kind of horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel anchor rod support method.The suspension roof support structures and methods that the present invention provides, the anchor pole cancellation will arranged with the horizontal stratum angle tunnel excavation contour line less than 35 °, i.e. do not arranging anchor pole with the horizontal stratum angle tunnel excavation contour line less than 35 °, thus decrease the supporting quantity of anchor pole in constructing tunnel, it is possible not only to obtain good consolidation effect, and save suspension roof support quantity, thus reduce support material consumption and support cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Tunnel Engineering technical field, be specifically related to a kind of horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel suspension roof support knot
Structure and method.
Background technology
During constructing tunnel, the most most horizontal layer interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel Construction Design Schemes is all neglected
Omit the impact of microscopical structure in rock stratum, also cannot take a kind of reasonably supporting optimum means pointedly, for a long time
Since the suspension roof support aspect of horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel one could not be had to determine and rational scheme.On the other hand, exist
During tunnel support, existing method for protecting support subjectivity is relatively big, and on-the-spot supporting measure is entirely by empirical value, and this makes anchor pole
Reinforcement ability and the self-bearing ability of country rock all fail to be not fully exerted, anchor pole and country rock also fail to jointly carry due to tunnel
During excavating the Stress Release caused and being somebody's turn to do, produced deformation causes supporting surplus.
But, the present inventor finds through research, and after constructing due to horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel, tunnel encloses
The deformation of rock horizontal convergence is less, and the rockbolt stress that haunch part is less with rock stratum angle is the least, and the effect of anchor pole is also filled
Distribution is waved, and the mode of the bolt support taked the most at present is the most too conservative.Although current programme ensure that the stability in tunnel and adds
Though effect, the suspension roof support quantitative aspects in constructing tunnel causes the biggest waste, thus add support material
Consume and support cost.
Summary of the invention
The suspension roof support quantitative aspects in constructing tunnel existed for prior art causes the biggest waste, thus increases
Support material consumption and the technical problem of support cost, the present invention provides a kind of horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel suspension roof support
Structure and method.
The present inventor is less about the deformation of tunnel surrounding horizontal convergence for background technology, haunch part and rock stratum
The discovery that rockbolt stress that angle is less is the least, has carried out Simulation to prior art, must have scheme arch
The feature that waist rockbolt stress is little, proposes the prioritization scheme of the present invention on this basis.Specifically, prior art is carried out
The method of Simulation includes step:
S11, obtain country rock and be correlated with mechanics parameter: use rock routine Experimental Study On Mechanical Properties, according to " rock physics mechanical property
Matter testing regulations " tunnel surrounding to be simulated is processed into the column type standard specimen of diameter 50mm, long 100mm, by list
Axle compression test, triaxial compression test, shearing test obtain country rock and are correlated with mechanics parameter, and described mechanics parameter includes springform
Amount, Poisson's ratio, density, cohesive strength and internal friction angle etc..
S12, existing scheme numerical simulation:
(1) parameter definition: country rock material properties is included, and elastic modelling quantity, Poisson's ratio, density are led at interior linear dimensions
The ＂ mp ＂ order crossed in ANSYS software is defined；And select the elasto-plastic Constitutive Model that ANSYS software carries, non-to country rock
Cohesive strength needed for linear analysis, internal friction angle parameter use ＂ tb, dp ＂ order to be defined；The concrete numerical value of aforementioned stones parameter
All obtained by the test of step S11.
(2) model is set up: set up tunnel excavation model, and grid division, to include just serving as a contrast and two linings, specifically may be used in model
To set up with reference to the tunnel support schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1；Rock stratum is first sandstone the 11-the first mud stone 12-the from top to bottom
Two sandstone the 13-the second mud stone the 14-the three sandstone the 15-the three mud stone 16, specifically refer to the tunnel model signal shown in Fig. 2
Figure.
(3) simulated ground stress: the border of horizontal direction is retrained so that border displacement in the horizontal direction is zero；Right
In vertical direction, bottom displacement limits equally, is also zero；Top is that scope of freedom displacement is unrestricted, applies weight at top
Power load, the deadweight of simulation overlying rock；Meanwhile, anchor pole and lining element are killed during being somebody's turn to do, it is ensured that anchor pole under the stress of primary rock
And lining cutting is without effect.
(4) excavation simulation is to just lining: after simulated ground stress, uses ＂ ekill ＂ order to kill excavation rock mass materials unit, enters
And simulation of excavation process, and use ＂ ealive ＂ order to activate anchor pole and lining material unit so that it is to play a role, simulate the initial stage
Bracing Process.Draw: horizontal convergence value=1.944-(-1.954) after horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel step method
=3.90mm, horizontal convergence value is less, and it specifically refer to shown in Fig. 3 (a)；Anchor pole minimum stress value 2.6KN, maximum weighted value
97.6KN, change in value scope is relatively big, show that corresponding anchor pole maximum stress is 77.9MPa, wherein Steel Bar Tensile Strength after conversion
For 130MPa, it specifically refer to shown in Fig. 3 (b).As can be seen here, part rockbolt stress is less.
On the basis of the aforementioned method that prior art is carried out Simulation, ask to solve above-mentioned technology
Topic, present invention employs following technical scheme:
A kind of horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel suspension roof support structure, including the anchor pole of supporting country rock, described country rock presses tunnel
Excavated section is divided into left half section and right half section by the centrage of road excavated section, on described left half section and right half section all
Be provided with the anchor pole for supporting horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks country rock, described anchor pole be perpendicular to tunnel excavation contour line arrange, and with level
The angle tunnel excavation contour line less than 35 ° in rock stratum does not arranges anchor pole.
Further, preferably anchor is not arranged with the horizontal stratum angle tunnel excavation contour line more than 15 ° and less than 30 °
Bar.
The present invention also provides for a kind of horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel anchor rod support method, including the anchor pole of supporting country rock,
Excavated section is divided into left half section and right half section by the centrage of tunnel excavation section by described country rock, described left half section and
Being designed with the anchor pole for supporting horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks country rock on right half section, described anchor pole is perpendicular to tunnel excavation contour line cloth
Put, the anchor pole cancellation will arranged with the horizontal stratum angle tunnel excavation contour line less than 35 °.
Further, preferably by with horizontal stratum angle more than 15 ° and less than 30 ° tunnel excavation contour line arrange
Anchor pole is cancelled.
Compared with prior art, the horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel suspension roof support structure that the present invention provides, will be with level
The anchor pole that the angle tunnel excavation contour line less than 35 ° in rock stratum is arranged is cancelled, and is i.e. being less than with horizontal stratum angle
The tunnel excavation contour line of 35 ° does not arranges anchor pole, thus decreases the supporting quantity of anchor pole in constructing tunnel, is possible not only to obtain
Obtain consolidation effect well, and save suspension roof support quantity, thus reduce support material consumption and support cost；Simultaneously
The present invention in line with safety, reasonable, economic principle, the optimizing design scheme that original design middle suspension roof support scheme is proposed, and
Demonstrate its reasonability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the tunnel support schematic diagram that the present invention carries out numerical simulation offer to existing scheme.
Fig. 2 is the tunnel model schematic diagram that existing scheme is carried out setting up in numerical simulation by the present invention.
Fig. 3 (a) is constructing tunnel horizontal convergence (unit: the m) signal drawn after existing scheme is verified by the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 3 (b) is constructing tunnel anchor axial force (unit: the N) signal drawn after existing scheme is verified by the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 4 is the horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel suspension roof support structural representation that the present invention provides.
The anchor pole of Fig. 5 present invention offer and the relation schematic diagram of horizontal stratum angle.
Each prioritization scheme preliminary bracing stress change contrast schematic diagram that Fig. 6 present invention provides.
Horizontal convergence (unit: m) schematic diagram after the prioritization scheme optimization that Fig. 7 (a) present invention provides.
Anchor axial force (unit: N) schematic diagram after the prioritization scheme optimization that Fig. 7 (b) present invention provides.
Horizontal convergence (unit: m) schematic diagram after the preferred version optimization that Fig. 8 (a) present invention provides.
Anchor axial force (unit: N) schematic diagram after the preferred version optimization that Fig. 8 (b) present invention provides.
In figure, the 11, first sandstone；12, the first mud stone；13, the second sandstone；14, the second mud stone；15, the 3rd sandstone；16、
3rd mud stone.
Detailed description of the invention
For the technological means making the present invention realize, creation characteristic, reach purpose and be easy to understand with effect, below knot
Conjunction is specifically illustrating, and the present invention is expanded on further.
In describing the invention, it is to be understood that term " longitudinally ", " radially ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ",
On " ", D score, "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end ", " interior ", the orientation of the instruction such as " outward " or
Position relationship is based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, is for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifies description, and not
It is to indicate or imply that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, the most not
It is understood that as limitation of the present invention.In describing the invention, except as otherwise noted, " multiple " are meant that two or two
Above.
Refer to shown in Fig. 4, the present invention provides a kind of horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel suspension roof support structure, including supporting
The anchor pole of country rock, excavated section is divided into left half section and right half section, institute by the centrage of tunnel excavation section by described country rock
Stating and be designed with the anchor pole for supporting horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks country rock on left half section and right half section, described anchor pole is perpendicular to tunnel
Excavation contour line is arranged, and does not arranges anchor pole with the horizontal stratum angle tunnel excavation contour line less than 35 °.
Compared with prior art, the horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel suspension roof support structure that the present invention provides, will be with level
The anchor pole that the angle tunnel excavation contour line less than 35 ° in rock stratum is arranged is cancelled, and is i.e. being less than with horizontal stratum angle
The tunnel excavation contour line of 35 ° does not arranges anchor pole, thus decreases the supporting quantity of anchor pole in constructing tunnel, is possible not only to obtain
Obtain consolidation effect well, and save suspension roof support quantity, thus reduce support material consumption and support cost；Simultaneously
The present invention in line with safety, reasonable, economic principle, the optimizing design scheme that original design middle suspension roof support scheme is proposed, and
Demonstrate its reasonability.
The horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel suspension roof support structure provided in order to the present invention is better described is optimal supporting
Scheme, below will be arranged angle gradient carried out numerical value respectively by anchor pole and horizontal stratum angle relation prioritization scheme
Simulation, and illustrate as a example by the horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks V level surrounding rock tunnel simulation that inventor is done, specifically include following step
Rapid:
S21, prioritization scheme numerical simulation:
According to the relation (being determined with specific reference to site operation) of anchor pole Yu horizontal stratum angle, to horizontal soft or hard
Alternating layers surrounding rock tunnel preliminary bracing optimal design-aside gradient, specifically refer to shown in Fig. 5, i.e. in Fig. 5, cancels the right and left respectively
Become 15 °, 20 °, 25 °, 30 °, 35 °, 40 °, anchor pole below 45° angle with horizontal stratum, observe the stress change shadow of preliminary bracing
Ring, and be analyzed with each result of Cheng Huaqian gained.
S22, each prioritization scheme preliminary bracing stress contrast:
Specifically refer to shown in Fig. 6 preliminary bracing stress change contrast schematic diagram, by this figure it can be seen that when with rock
After the layer angle anchor pole less than 40 ° is all cancelled, the greatest axis power numerical value of lining cutting and anchor pole all there occurs sudden change, because of
This, present invention determine that optimum optimization scheme is: all will cancel with the rock stratum angle anchor pole less than 35 °, water after optimization
Put down shown in convergence (i.e. displacement field of surrounding rock) and anchor axial force such as Fig. 7 (a) and 7 (b).
By contrasting it is found that slightly increase before after You Huaing, displacement field of surrounding rock variable quantity relatively optimizes with Fig. 3 (a) and Fig. 3 (b)
Greatly, horizontal convergence value now is 2.19-(-2.214)=4.404mm, it can be seen that, the bolt action of cancellation is less, to water
Flat convergence result impact is less；Meanwhile, anchor pole minimum stress value 45.9KN, maximum weighted value 97.8KN, before optimizing, respectively
Rockbolt stress has obtained playing more fully.
As the presently preferred embodiments, for engineering practice, it is considered to certain safety loading coefficient, preferably with horizontal stratum institute
Become the angle tunnel excavation contour line more than 15 ° and less than 30 ° not arrange anchor pole, will be more than with horizontal stratum angle
15 ° and less than 30 ° tunnel excavation contour line arrange anchor pole cancel, this preferred version horizontal convergence (i.e. displacement field of surrounding rock) and
Anchor axial force refer to shown in Fig. 8 (a) and 8 (b).Wherein, vault sinking value DMX is 10.916mm, and horizontal convergence value is 2.03-
(-1.996)=4.026mm, anchor pole is 97.37KN by pulling force maximum.
S31, prioritization scheme contrast with Site Test Analysis:
In tunnel, original scheme construction section and prioritization scheme construction section be have chosen 10 sections respectively to test, institute
Obtain measured value to contrast with simulation value, find to be more or less the same, see table 1 below and table 2 the most respectively.
Original scheme construction section shift simulation numerical value and measured value contrast table 1:
Prioritization scheme construction section shift simulation numerical value and measured value contrast table 2:
So far, illustrate to draw by Such analysis, the horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel suspension roof support that the present invention provides
Supporting scheme corresponding to structure is: do not arrange anchor pole, preferably with the horizontal stratum angle tunnel excavation contour line less than 35 °
Anchor pole is not arranged with the horizontal stratum angle tunnel excavation contour line more than 15 ° and less than 30 °, the most preferably will be with horizontal rock
The anchor pole that the layer angle tunnel excavation contour line more than 15 ° and less than 30 ° is arranged is cancelled.
The present invention also provides for a kind of horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel anchor rod support method, including the anchor pole of supporting country rock,
Excavated section is divided into left half section and right half section by the centrage of tunnel excavation section by described country rock, described left half section and
Being designed with the anchor pole for supporting horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks country rock on right half section, described anchor pole is perpendicular to tunnel excavation contour line cloth
Put, the anchor pole cancellation will arranged with the horizontal stratum angle tunnel excavation contour line less than 35 °.
As the presently preferred embodiments, preferably will be more than 15 ° with horizontal stratum angle and be less than the tunnel excavation profile of 30 °
The anchor pole that line is arranged is cancelled.Wherein, the horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel anchor rod support method that the present invention provides is optimal supporting
The numerical simulation of scheme and contrast, identical with aforementioned supporting construction, do not repeat them here.
Compared with prior art, the horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel suspension roof support structure that the present invention provides, will be with level
The anchor pole that the angle tunnel excavation contour line less than 35 ° in rock stratum is arranged is cancelled, and is i.e. being less than with horizontal stratum angle
The tunnel excavation contour line of 35 ° does not arranges anchor pole, thus decreases the supporting quantity of anchor pole in constructing tunnel, is possible not only to obtain
Obtain consolidation effect well, and save suspension roof support quantity, thus reduce support material consumption and support cost；Simultaneously
The present invention in line with safety, reasonable, economic principle, the optimizing design scheme that original design middle suspension roof support scheme is proposed, and
Demonstrate its reasonability.
In sum, present invention is generally directed to the horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks country rock tunnel of existing employing such as step method
The anchor rod support method in road is studied, and uses method for numerical simulation to be analyzed, take that Optimized Measures draws concrete
Protect scheme, and carry out soundness verification by field data.The purpose of invention is the reinforcement ability of anchor pole and the self-supporting of country rock
Ability all can be not fully exerted, and fully realize anchor pole and jointly carry with country rock, not only can obtain good consolidation effect, and
And save suspension roof support quantity.Meanwhile, the supporting construction of present invention offer and method for protecting support, enclose being similar to horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks
Rock tunnel has reference, has good economy in application aspect.
Finally illustrating, above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted, although with reference to relatively
The present invention has been described in detail by good embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to the skill of the present invention
Art scheme is modified or equivalent, and without deviating from objective and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be contained at this
In the middle of the right of invention.
Claims (4)
1. a horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel suspension roof support structure, it is characterised in that include the anchor pole of supporting country rock, described
Excavated section is divided into left half section and right half section, described left half section and the right side partly by the centrage of tunnel excavation section by country rock
Being designed with the anchor pole for supporting horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks country rock on section, described anchor pole is perpendicular to tunnel excavation contour line and arranges,
And do not arrange anchor pole with the horizontal stratum angle tunnel excavation contour line less than 35 °.
Horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel suspension roof support structure the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that preferably with water
The angle tunnel excavation contour line more than 15 ° and less than 30 ° in flat rock stratum does not arranges anchor pole.
3. a horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel anchor rod support method, it is characterised in that include the anchor pole of supporting country rock, described
Excavated section is divided into left half section and right half section, described left half section and the right side partly by the centrage of tunnel excavation section by country rock
Being designed with the anchor pole for supporting horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks country rock on section, described anchor pole is perpendicular to tunnel excavation contour line and arranges,
The anchor pole cancellation will arranged with the horizontal stratum angle tunnel excavation contour line less than 35 °.
Horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel anchor rod support method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that preferably will be with
The anchor pole that the horizontal stratum angle tunnel excavation contour line more than 15 ° and less than 30 ° is arranged is cancelled.
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| CN201610579807.4A CN106121693A (en) | 2016-07-21 | 2016-07-21 | A kind of horizontal interbedding of soft and hard rocks surrounding rock tunnel suspension roof support structure and method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109255154A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-22 | 长安大学 | The horizontal layered rock interlayer cohesive strength calculation method of anchoring beam structure |
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| CN203547773U (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-04-16 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Channel combined support structure suitable for slowly inclined stratified rock mass |
| CN105134247A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-09 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Tunnel supporting structure in horizontal layered class-III surrounding rock and construction method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0868300A (en) * | 1994-08-31 | 1996-03-12 | Ohbayashi Corp | Protection structure of tunnel interior wall surface |
| CN101493013A (en) * | 2009-02-12 | 2009-07-29 | 王晓利 | Combined support device of network frame and concrete and application method in underground engineering |
| CN102287196A (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2011-12-21 | 大连市市政设计研究院有限责任公司 | Method for designing long-distance small-spacing tunnel |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109255154A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-22 | 长安大学 | The horizontal layered rock interlayer cohesive strength calculation method of anchoring beam structure |
| CN109255154B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2022-09-23 | 长安大学 | Calculation method for cohesive force between horizontal layered surrounding rock layers of anchoring beam structure |
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Application publication date: 20161116 |