CN106119545A - The cleaning detoxification treatment of a kind of chromium slag and the extracting method of chromium - Google Patents
The cleaning detoxification treatment of a kind of chromium slag and the extracting method of chromium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106119545A CN106119545A CN201610501716.9A CN201610501716A CN106119545A CN 106119545 A CN106119545 A CN 106119545A CN 201610501716 A CN201610501716 A CN 201610501716A CN 106119545 A CN106119545 A CN 106119545A
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- chromium
- slag
- extracting method
- detoxification treatment
- cleaning
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/30—Obtaining chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C22B34/32—Obtaining chromium
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses cleaning detoxification treatment and the extracting method of chromium of a kind of chromium slag, the cleaning belonging to chromium slag processes and the cycling and reutilization field of resource.Concretely comprising the following steps of the method: 1) in chromyl waste residue, add water, mix homogeneously；2) in step 1) gained solution, add hydrogen peroxide, be sufficiently stirred for, obtain mixed liquor；3) use hydro-thermal method or directly heat process mixed liquor；4) after heat treated, make solidliquid mixture naturally cool to room temperature, stand；5) solid slag is separated with the supernatant containing chromium, and filtering residue is washed with water be dried again；6) chromium-containing solution reclaimed and return in workshop section, or carrying out reclaiming chromium process.Mineralizer green non-pollution of the present invention, the supernatant after process can directly reuse in the technique that chromium salt production or chromic salts use, filtering residue can comprehensively utilize.This method technique cleaning is simple, invest little, instant effect, recyclable Cr VI, effectively administers pollution of chromium and does not the most cause secondary pollution.
Description
Technical field
The cleaning that the invention belongs to chromium slag processes and the cycling and reutilization field of resource, relates to the clear of a kind of chromium slag
The method that clean detoxification treatment and chromium extract.
Background technology
Chromium slag refers to the chromyl waste residue produced in chromium salt production and application industry, and Cr VI toxicity is high, can be carcinogenic,
It is listed in and the mankind are endangered one of eight maximum big chemical substances.China's chromic salts yield and consumption figure height rank first in the world, and are also
Chromium slag produces most countries, and the chromium slag having stored up millions of tons urgently processes, and brings seriously to soil and groundwater
Pollute.But China's chromium ore resource is poorer, the 0.825% of the reserves Jin Zhan world gross reserves verified at present, by meeting need
The degree asked is seen, belongs to deficient resources.Therefore, chromium residue detoxifying can be reclaimed again chromium resource, have become as and processed chromium slag
Preferable thinking.
For the process of chromium slag, the method filled again after removing toxic substances that usual is, its core is by highly dissoluble, high poison
Hexavalent chrome reduction is fixed into the trivalent chromium of low toxicity.Not only chromium resource can not get reclaiming and utilizing, and chromium still discharges in the environment,
Along with trivalent chromium can be oxidized to again Cr VI under natural environment long term, cause secondary pollution.Comparatively ideal method be by
Chromium in chromium slag extracts separation from slag, is for recycling and reuse, and reclaims chromium resource while detoxification chromium slag.
Chinese patent " a kind of method reclaiming hexavalent chromium resources from chromium slag " (CN102191390A) uses sulfur under room temperature
Acid or salt Ore Leaching water solublity and acid soluble Cr VI, then add reducing agent and precipitation in the chromic solution leached
Chromium is reclaimed in agent, reclaims the Cr VI of 60% ~ 80% from chromium slag.Chinese patent " cycling and reutilization processes chromium slag and waster water process "
(CN102699006A) take into account the recovery of chromium and the recycling of slag, first use acid by the most molten for chromium slag under normal temperature condition
Solve, be then respectively adding different precipitant, the hybrid ionic in solution is precipitated and separates, but this method needs to consume
The chemical reagent such as substantial amounts of acid and precipitant, and technological process is numerous and diverse, and processing cost is higher.
Therefore, for the deficiencies in the prior art, in the urgent need to a kind of practicality, the chromic wastes disposal method of science, by Cr VI
Fully extract and realize the removing toxic substances of chromium slag.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide cleaning detoxification treatment and the extracting method of chromium of a kind of chromium slag, the method technique is clear
Clean, simple, invest little, instant effect, can fully reclaim Cr VI, removing toxic substances thoroughly, is effectively administered pollution of chromium and is not the most caused secondary
Pollute.The chromium using the method to be recovered to, can be back to use in production or use among other purposes, such as coating, face again
Material, papermaking etc., turn waste into wealth.Use the filtering residue that obtains of the method can be used for rubber, plastics, fertilizer, paint, weave, papermaking etc.
Industry.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
The cleaning detoxification treatment of a kind of chromium slag and the extracting method of chromium, step is as follows:
1) in chromyl waste residue, water, mix homogeneously are added；
2) in step 1) gained solution, add mineralizer, be sufficiently stirred for, obtain mixed liquor；Described mineralizer is hydrogen peroxide；
3) use hydro-thermal method or directly heat process step 2) gained mixed liquor；
4) step 3) gained solidliquid mixture is naturally cooled to room temperature, stand；
5) solid slag is separated with the supernatant containing chromium, and filtering residue is washed with water be dried again；
6) chromium-containing solution reclaimed and return in workshop section, or carrying out reclaiming chromium process.
Further, in chromyl waste residue described in step 1), after addition water, solid-to-liquid ratio (w/w) is 1:0.5 ~ 1:10.
Further, step 2) described hydrogen peroxide concentration in mixed liquor is 0.1 mol/L ~ 5 mol/L.
Further, hydro-thermal method described in step 3) or direct-fired temperature all control at 50 DEG C ~ 250 DEG C.
Further, in step 3), temperature retention time is 2 ~ 10 hours.
Further, the time stood described in step 4) is 0.5 ~ 48 hour.
Further, reclaim chromium process described in step 6) to concretely comprise the following steps: in chromium-containing solution, add reducing agent, by solution
Middle hexavalent chrome reduction is trivalent chromium, adds precipitant NaOH and produces Cr (OH)3Precipitation, finally Cr (OH)3Precipitation is sintered into
Cr2O3。
The cleaning detoxification treatment of a kind of chromium slag and the extracting method of chromium, step is as follows:
(1) by chromyl waste residue and water by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:0.5 ~ 1:10(w/w) after mix homogeneously, add hydrogen peroxide and make molten
In liquid, hydrogen peroxide concentration is 0.1 mol/L ~ 5 mol/L.
(2) it is sufficiently stirred for, makes waste residue and solution be sufficiently mixed.
(3) design temperature is 30 DEG C ~ 250 DEG C, and being stirred for or not stirring lower temperature retention time is 2 ~ 10 hours.
(4) stopping heating, allowing its natural cooling, time of repose is 0.5 ~ 48 hour.
(5), after hydrothermal treatment consists or heat treated terminate, waste residue solid precipitation is in bottom, and the supernatant is higher containing concentration
Cr VI.
(6) solid slag is separated with the supernatant liquid filtering containing chromium, and carry out washing, be dehydrated and being dried by solid slag slag.
(7) water of the isolated supernatant and washing filtering residue can be back to use in production or carry out reclaiming chromium and process.
The cleaning detoxification treatment of a kind of chromium slag that the present invention provides and the extracting method principle of chromium are as follows:
The present invention adds mineralizer (hydrogen peroxide) when carrying out hydrothermal treatment consists or heat treated, a small amount of in chromium slag under weak basic condition
Trivalent chromium be that the dichromate ion with higher solubility is easier to enter in solution by hydrogen peroxide oxidation；Simultaneously under heating condition
The hydrogen peroxide of excess can resolve into water and oxygen, causes solid particle crystal growth, crystalline substance under hydrothermal under oxygen partial pressure
Lattice are complete, thus specific surface area reduces, and active adsorption sites reduces, it is achieved Cr VI is desorbed from particle surface and separates.
2Cr3+ + 4H2O2 →Cr2O7 2- + H2O
2H2O2 →2H2O + O2↑
Compared with prior art, the invention have the advantages that and technique effect:
The present invention solves the problem that chromic wastes disposal is difficult, the mineralizer green non-pollution used, and does not introduce heteroion in process,
The supernatant after Solid state fermentation can directly reuse in the technique that chromium salt production or chromic salts use, greatly reduce enterprise
This.Filtering residue after process can comprehensively utilize.This method technique cleaning is simple, invest little instant effect, recyclable Cr VI, has
Effect is administered pollution of chromium and is not the most caused secondary pollution.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further described, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
1) take the 0.5 chromyl waste residue of kg and put in water heating kettle, add water and make solid-to-liquid ratio (w/w) be 1:1, be sufficiently stirred for,
Adding hydrogen peroxide, making the hydrogen peroxide concentration in system is 0.1mol/L, and design temperature is 130 DEG C, is incubated 6 h.
2), after 6 h, stop heating, be naturally slowly cooled to room temperature, stand 24 h.
3), after standing terminates, the chromyl solution in upper strata is poured out.Slag after hydrothermal treatment consists is centrifuged washing dehydration,
By filter residue and drying, obtain the white or partially yellow solid of white.
4) chromium-containing solution is back to use in production, or comes together in waste water processing station, carry out reducing, reclaim, purified treatment,
Add reducing agent (such as sodium sulfide, sodium sulfite) and precipitant (NaOH), be trivalent chromium by solution hexavalent chrome reduction, and generate
Cr(OH)3Precipitation, water can reach country's standard of drainage after treatment.During whole, water can recycle in systems.
5) end product is mainly containing CaSO respectively4Slag and main (OH) Han Cr3Chromium mud, calcium sulfate slag can conduct
Raw material for rubber, plastics, fertilizer, pesticide, paint, weave, the industry such as papermaking.Chromium mud can be sintered into Cr2O3, it is achieved chromium
Recovery.
It is 272 mg/L that the original chromium slag of the present embodiment leaches hexavalent chromium concentration, and after process, filtering residue leaching hexavalent chromium concentration is
2.53 mg/L。
Embodiment 2
Take 1 kg waste residue Han Cr VI to put in water heating kettle, add water and make solid-to-liquid ratio (w/w) be 1:0.5, be sufficiently stirred for, add
Hydrogen peroxide, making the hydrogen peroxide concentration in system is 1 mol/L, and design temperature is 50 DEG C, is incubated 10 h, stands 48 after stopping heating
h.Other technical processs are same as in Example 1.
It is 269 mg/L that the original chromium slag of the present embodiment leaches hexavalent chromium concentration, and after process, filtering residue leaching hexavalent chromium concentration is
2.12 mg/L。
Embodiment 3
Take 1.5kg waste residue Han Cr VI to put in water heating kettle, add water and make solid-to-liquid ratio (w/w) be 1:10, be sufficiently stirred for, add
Hydrogen peroxide, making the hydrogen peroxide concentration in system is 3 mol/L, and design temperature is 200 DEG C, is incubated 2 h, stands after stopping heating
0.5 h.Other technical processs are same as in Example 1.
It is 277 mg/L that the original chromium slag of the present embodiment leaches hexavalent chromium concentration, and after process, filtering residue leaching hexavalent chromium concentration is
1.92 mg/L。
Embodiment 4
Take 1 ton of waste residue Han Cr VI to put in water heating kettle, add water and make solid-to-liquid ratio (w/w) be 1:5, be sufficiently stirred for, add double
Oxygen water, making the hydrogen peroxide concentration in system is 5 mol/L, and design temperature is 180 DEG C, is incubated 4 h, stands 12 after stopping heating
h.Other technical processs are same as in Example 1.
It is 265 mg/L that the original chromium slag of the present embodiment leaches hexavalent chromium concentration, and after process, filtering residue leaching hexavalent chromium concentration is
1.43 mg/L。
The technical solution that the protection domain limited according to claim and this specification are given, moreover it is possible to provide multiple reality
Execute case, broadly fall into scope.
Claims (7)
1. the cleaning detoxification treatment of a chromium slag and the extracting method of chromium, it is characterised in that step is as follows:
1) in chromyl waste residue, water, mix homogeneously are added；
2) in step 1) gained solution, add mineralizer, be sufficiently stirred for, obtain mixed liquor；Described mineralizer is hydrogen peroxide；
3) use hydro-thermal method or directly heat process step 2) gained mixed liquor；
4) step 3) gained solidliquid mixture is naturally cooled to room temperature, stand；
5) solid slag is separated with the supernatant containing chromium, and filtering residue is washed with water be dried again；
6) chromium-containing solution reclaimed and return in workshop section, or carrying out reclaiming chromium process.
The cleaning detoxification treatment of a kind of chromium slag the most according to claim 1 and the extracting method of chromium, it is characterised in that step
1) in described chromyl waste residue, after addition water, solid-to-liquid ratio w/w is 1:0.5 ~ 1:10.
The cleaning detoxification treatment of a kind of chromium slag the most according to claim 1 and the extracting method of chromium, it is characterised in that step
2) described hydrogen peroxide concentration in mixed liquor is 0.1 mol/L ~ 5 mol/L.
The cleaning detoxification treatment of a kind of chromium slag the most according to claim 1 and the extracting method of chromium, it is characterised in that step
3) described hydro-thermal method or direct-fired temperature all control at 50 DEG C ~ 250 DEG C.
The cleaning detoxification treatment of a kind of chromium slag the most according to claim 1 and the extracting method of chromium, it is characterised in that step
3) in, temperature retention time is 2 ~ 10 hours.
The cleaning detoxification treatment of a kind of chromium slag the most according to claim 1 and the extracting method of chromium, it is characterised in that step
4) time of described standing is 0.5 ~ 48 hour.
The cleaning detoxification treatment of a kind of chromium slag the most according to claim 1 and the extracting method of chromium, it is characterised in that step
6) described recovery chromium processes and concretely comprises the following steps: adds reducing agent in chromium-containing solution, is trivalent chromium by hexavalent chrome reduction in solution,
Add precipitant NaOH and produce Cr (OH)3Precipitation, finally Cr (OH)3Precipitation is sintered into Cr2O3。
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108220604A (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2018-06-29 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of detoxification of chromium residue and the method for waste liqouor |
| CN108969957A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-12-11 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | A kind of method of cellulose hydro-thermal high-efficiency detoxication chromium slag |
| CN109449426A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-08 | 华南理工大学 | A method of lithium ion battery negative material is prepared using chromium slag |
| CN110343875A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-10-18 | 辛集市理联化工有限公司 | A kind of comprehensive utilization process of chromed leather wastes |
| CN110527838A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-03 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of method that hydro-thermal cooperates with chromium in extraction electroplating sludge with oxidation |
| CN113322379A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-31 | 辛集市理联化工有限公司 | Comprehensive utilization process of chromium-containing waste |
| CN115069234A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-20 | 华南理工大学 | Method for preparing hollow CrO simultaneously by detoxication and purification of chromium-containing waste salt x /Al 2 O 3 Method for preparing catalyst and its application |
| CN115475824A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-16 | 华南理工大学 | Method for detoxifying chromium slag and preparing catalyst and application thereof |
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| CN101209873A (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2008-07-02 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | Method for separating and recovering chromium from waste residue containing hexavalent chromium |
| US20100294081A1 (en) * | 2008-01-15 | 2010-11-25 | Atsushi Kobayashi | Method and apparatus for removing and recovering copper from copper-containing acidic waste liquid and method for producing copper-containing substance |
| CN102191390A (en) * | 2010-03-09 | 2011-09-21 | 刘杰 | Method for recovering hexavalent chromium resources from chromium slag |
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| CN101209873A (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2008-07-02 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | Method for separating and recovering chromium from waste residue containing hexavalent chromium |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108220604A (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2018-06-29 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of detoxification of chromium residue and the method for waste liqouor |
| CN108220604B (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2019-04-09 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of method of the detoxification and waste liqouor of chromium residue |
| CN108969957A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-12-11 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | A kind of method of cellulose hydro-thermal high-efficiency detoxication chromium slag |
| CN109449426A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-08 | 华南理工大学 | A method of lithium ion battery negative material is prepared using chromium slag |
| CN109449426B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2021-09-21 | 华南理工大学 | Method for preparing lithium ion battery cathode material by using chromium slag |
| CN110343875A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-10-18 | 辛集市理联化工有限公司 | A kind of comprehensive utilization process of chromed leather wastes |
| CN110527838A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-03 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of method that hydro-thermal cooperates with chromium in extraction electroplating sludge with oxidation |
| CN113322379A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-31 | 辛集市理联化工有限公司 | Comprehensive utilization process of chromium-containing waste |
| CN115069234A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-20 | 华南理工大学 | Method for preparing hollow CrO simultaneously by detoxication and purification of chromium-containing waste salt x /Al 2 O 3 Method for preparing catalyst and its application |
| CN115069234B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2023-09-29 | 华南理工大学 | Chromium-containing waste salt detoxication and purification and simultaneous preparation of hollow CrO x /Al 2 O 3 Method for preparing catalyst and application thereof |
| CN115475824A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-16 | 华南理工大学 | Method for detoxifying chromium slag and preparing catalyst and application thereof |
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| CN106119545B (en) | 2018-04-13 |
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