CN106117627A - A kind of shading degradable agricultural film - Google Patents

A kind of shading degradable agricultural film Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106117627A
CN106117627A CN201610601034.5A CN201610601034A CN106117627A CN 106117627 A CN106117627 A CN 106117627A CN 201610601034 A CN201610601034 A CN 201610601034A CN 106117627 A CN106117627 A CN 106117627A
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starch
shading
film
appropriate
stirring
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高绍彬
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MAANSHAN WUGU POULTRY INDUSTRY SPECIALIZED COOPERATIVE
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MAANSHAN WUGU POULTRY INDUSTRY SPECIALIZED COOPERATIVE
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L3/00Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
    • C08L3/04Starch derivatives, e.g. crosslinked derivatives
    • C08L3/08Ethers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0268Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
    • A01G13/0275Films
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14Greenhouses
    • A01G9/1438Covering materials therefor; Materials for protective coverings used for soil and plants, e.g. films, canopies, tunnels or cloches
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08BPOLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B31/00Preparation of derivatives of starch
    • C08B31/003Crosslinking of starch
    • C08B31/006Crosslinking of derivatives of starch
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08BPOLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B31/00Preparation of derivatives of starch
    • C08B31/08Ethers
    • C08B31/12Ethers having alkyl or cycloalkyl radicals substituted by heteroatoms, e.g. hydroxyalkyl or carboxyalkyl starch
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18Manufacture of films or sheets
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2303/00Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
    • C08J2303/04Starch derivatives
    • C08J2303/08Ethers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2405/00Characterised by the use of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08J2401/00 or C08J2403/00
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00Properties
    • C08L2201/06Biodegradable
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00Properties
    • C08L2201/08Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00Properties
    • C08L2201/14Gas barrier composition
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00Applications
    • C08L2203/16Applications used for films
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C08L2205/035Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of shading degradable agricultural film, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion: butt corn starch 64 70, ethanol 23 26, chloroacetic acid 11 15, silica 14 16, epoxychloropropane 0.08 0.1, dimethylformamide 60 80, Semen Maydis oil 45, Konjac glucomannan 78, opacifier 23, metallic silicon power, polyacrylamide 34, acrylamide 23, acrylic acid methyl ester. 0.07 0.1, citrate 23, glycerol 34,85% ethanol solution is appropriate, deionized water is appropriate;The Environmental-protection agricultural mulch film of the improvement of the present invention, has fabulous toughness, effectively improves the degradation property of thin film, environmental sound, the crop being not required to illumination is played good light-proofness, and ruggedness is good, and the great feature of environmental protection, do not pollute the environment.

Description

A kind of shading degradable agricultural film
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural mulching technical field, particularly relate to a kind of shading degradable agricultural film.
Background technology
At present, film-mulching technique is widely popularized in agricultural, be applied to Semen Tritici aestivi, Oryza sativa L., corn and soybean, In the plantation of the crop such as Sorghum vulgare Pers., Cotton Gossypii, effect of increasing production is obvious, owing to the most a large amount of mulch films used are nondegradable macromolecules Compound, neither by microbial attack, can not decompose voluntarily.If things go on like this, insoluble dirt will necessarily be brought to descendant Dye harm.Therefore, research degradable mulch gradually comes into one's own.Starch is the Renewable resource that nature is abundant, its nontoxic nothing Evil, fully biodegradable, but poor mechanical property and water resistance but limit its application.Its application is restricted. Starch is a kind of Renewable resource, and not only wide material sources are cheap, and its goods in use have the feature of environmental protection of excellence Can, can degrade rapidly after discarding, come from nature, back to nature.But, owing to starch is a kind of highly polar crystal material, Intramolecular also exists substantial amounts of hydrogen bond with intermolecular, and under generic condition, thermoplasticity is poor, it is difficult to machine-shaping, and obtained product Also exist that mechanical strength is low, poor water resistance and the shortcoming such as wet strength is low, therefore, how to improve the intensity of starch material, toughness and Water proofing property is a urgent problem of the real substituted for plastic raw material of starch based full-biodegradable material energy.By to starch Modification, starch granules expands, and structure changes, and degree of crystallinity reduces, and has certain molecular flexibility, and good film-forming property, with The compatibility of macromolecule resin improves, and is so greatly improved the performance of starch mulch film so that it is range of application is wider.
In " research of hydrophobic modification starch/PVA biodegradable plastic mulch film " literary composition, author is former with corn starch Material, through carboxymethyl etherification, the double modification of crosslinking, wherein etherification temperature is 74.44 DEG C, the molar ratio of sodium hydroxide/starch 1.85, etherification time 2.33h, concentration of alcohol is 84.65%, cross-linking modified during, use epoxychloropropane as cross-linking agent, Consumption is 0.05%, and crosslinking time is 1.0h, and sodium hydroxide concentration is 1.5%, then obtains the cross-linking carboxymethyl that thermoplasticity is stronger Starch, recycles it and is blended with PVA, and through crosslinking, speedup, hydrophobic modification, the mechanical property of film reaches standard-required, water suction Rate is substantially reduced, but its combination property does not also reach actually used needs, needs its further modification is met various making By demand, to improve the mechanical performance of starch film, toughness, intensity and other attributes, expand range of application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is contemplated to make up the defect of prior art, it is provided that a kind of shading degradable agricultural film.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of shading degradable agricultural film, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: butt corn starch 64-70, ethanol 23-2 chloroacetic acid 11-15, silica 1 4-16, epoxychloropropane 0.08-0.1, dimethylformamide 60-80, Semen Maydis oil 4- 5, Konjac glucomannan 7-8, opacifier 2-3, metallic silicon power, polyacrylamide 3-4, acrylamide 2-3, acrylic acid methyl ester. 0.07-0.1, Citrate 2-3, glycerol 3-4,85% ethanol solution is appropriate, deionized water is appropriate.
Described a kind of shading degradable agricultural film, is made up of step in detail below:
(1) by the sodium hydroxide mix homogeneously of butt corn starch and 6-10 times amount, forwarding to stir in reactor, rotating speed is 80- 100r/min, at 35 DEG C, stirring reaction 30min, after ethanol solution and chloroacetic acid mix homogeneously, is sprayed on starch surface and continues Continuous stirring 10min, after reaction terminates, is cooled to room temperature, then washs above-mentioned modified starch with 85% ethanol solution and adds appropriate Glacial acetic acid, regulation pH is 7.0, sucking filtration, continues to wash filter cake 2-3 time with 85% ethanol water, then in blast drier 50 It is dried 2-3h at DEG C, pulverizes, be sieving through 100 mesh, obtain carboxymethyl starch;
(2) carboxymethyl starch prepared by step (1) is added to furnishing slurry in alkaline solution, alkaline solution and carboxymethyl starch press Mix than ml:g1.5-2:1 according to volume mass, be subsequently placed in the thermostat water bath of 70-80 DEG C and be stirred continuously, by epoxy chloropropionate Alkane is dissolved in appropriate alkaline liquor, all instills in starch milk, react 1-3h, use hydrochloric acid conditioning solution after completion of the reaction in 3-5min Ph value to 6-7, stand a period of time, washing, sucking filtration, be placed in drying baker at 55 DEG C of dry 4h, prepare cross-linking carboxymethyl and form sediment Powder;
(3) being added in deionized water by Konjac glucomannan, after being sufficiently stirred for, liter high-temperature is to 60-90 DEG C, stirs 1-2h at such a temperature Obtain glue, then opacifier, metallic silicon power, polyacrylamide and acrylamide are added to ball milling in ball mill are uniformly dispersed, its Middle deionized water accounts for the 3-4 times amount of powder body gross weight, then glue and liquid slurry is mixed, and adds acrylic acid methyl ester. at 40-50 Stirring reaction 50-80min at DEG C, reaction is added to drying for standby in vacuum drying oven after terminating;
(4) product prepared by step (2) is configured to the starch milk that concentration is 38-48g/L, adds product prepared by step (3) Stirring 30-40min at 95-100 DEG C, stirring adds remaining surplus materials and continues stirring 50-60min after terminating, then will mixing Emulsion is transferred to homogenizer 18000r/min homogenizing 5min, forms uniform film forming liquid, then by film forming liquid in 0.09MPa vacuum Deaerate under degree 20min, casting film-forming.
Described a kind of shading degradable agricultural film, described alkaline solution is according to mass ratio by sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride 2-3:1 mixes, and is then uniformly mixing to obtain with the deionized water dissolving of gross weight 3-4 times amount.
The invention have the advantage that the present invention utilizes corn starch for raw material, through carboxymethyl etherification, the double modification of crosslinking, make Obtaining modified corn starch, greatly add the surface group of starch, the chemical bonding effect that intermolecular existence is strong, to flowing The viscous drag produced increases, and apparent viscosity rises, and hinders rearranging and associating between straight chain molecule in gelatinized corn starch, increases The water-retaining property of starch low temperature disperse system, greatly reduces retrogradation and gel tendency, and improves light transmittance and reduce parent Aqueous, meets the crops requirement to illumination, and improves Optimality and the stability of film forming, and polysaccharide has special Long-chain helical molecular structure, stable chemical nature, filming performance is preferable, and gas barrier property is the most excellent, and moisture barrier property is poor, utilizes chemistry Reaction makes opacifier and metallic silicon power be coated with mutually, forms effective shading and the effect of reinforcing membrane mechanical performance, and utilizes Konjac glucomannan makes it have good dispersibility in gelatinized corn starch, does not reunites, and has given play to higher-strength and excellent light-proofness greatly, The Environmental-protection agricultural mulch film of the improvement of the present invention, has fabulous toughness, effectively improves the degradation property of thin film, to environment without Evil, plays good light-proofness to the crop being not required to illumination, and ruggedness is good, and the great feature of environmental protection, do not pollute the environment.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of shading degradable agricultural film, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion (kilogram): butt corn starch 64, ethanol 23, chloroacetic acid 11, silica 14, epoxychloropropane 0.08, dimethylformamide 60, Semen Maydis oil 4, Konjac glucomannan 7, opacifier 2, metallic silicon power, polyacrylamide 3, acrylamide 2, acrylic acid methyl ester. 0.07, citrate 2, glycerol 3,85% second Alcoholic solution is appropriate, deionized water is appropriate.
Described a kind of shading degradable agricultural film, is made up of step in detail below:
(1) by the sodium hydroxide mix homogeneously of butt corn starch and 6 times amount, forwarding to stir in reactor, rotating speed is 80r/ Min, stirring reaction 30min at 35 DEG C, after ethanol solution and chloroacetic acid mix homogeneously, be sprayed on starch surface and continue stirring 10min, after reaction terminates, is cooled to room temperature, then washs above-mentioned modified starch with 85% ethanol solution and adds appropriate ice vinegar Acid, regulation pH is 7.0, sucking filtration, continues to wash filter cake 2 times with 85% ethanol water, then dry at 50 DEG C in blast drier Dry 2h, pulverizes, is sieving through 100 mesh, obtain carboxymethyl starch;
(2) carboxymethyl starch prepared by step (1) is added to furnishing slurry in alkaline solution, alkaline solution and carboxymethyl starch press Mix than ml:g1.5:1 according to volume mass, be subsequently placed in the thermostat water bath of 70 DEG C and be stirred continuously, epoxychloropropane is dissolved In appropriate alkaline liquor, all instill in starch milk in 3min, react 1h, after completion of the reaction by the ph value of hydrochloric acid conditioning solution to 6, Stand a period of time, washing, sucking filtration, it is placed in drying baker at 55 DEG C of dry 4h, prepares crosslinked carboxymethyl fecula;
(3) being added in deionized water by Konjac glucomannan, after being sufficiently stirred for, liter high-temperature is to 60 DEG C, and stirring 1h obtains glue at such a temperature Liquid, then opacifier, metallic silicon power, polyacrylamide and acrylamide are added to ball milling in ball mill are uniformly dispersed, wherein go from Sub-water accounts for 3 times amount of powder body gross weight, then glue and liquid slurry is mixed, and adds acrylic acid methyl ester. and stirs reaction at 40 DEG C 50min, reaction is added to drying for standby in vacuum drying oven after terminating;
(4) product prepared by step (2) being configured to the starch milk that concentration is 38g/L, product prepared by addition step (3) is 95 Stirring 30min at DEG C, stirring adds remaining surplus materials and continues stirring 50min after terminating, then mixed emulsion is transferred to homogenizing Device 18000r/min homogenizing 5min, forms uniform film forming liquid, and then deaerate under 0.09MPa vacuum 20min by film forming liquid, Casting film-forming.
Described a kind of shading degradable agricultural film, described alkaline solution is according to mass ratio by sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride 2:1 mixes, and is then uniformly mixing to obtain with the deionized water dissolving of gross weight 3 times amount.
Preparing starch film according to the method for embodiment, it is carried out performance test, result is as follows:
Tensile strength (MPa): 52.3;Elongation at break (%): 327%;Light transmittance (600nm, %): 20.8;Moisture-vapor transmission (g.cm.cm-2.s-1.Pa-1): 1.83 × 10-12;Water absorption rate (%): 5.6.

Claims (3)

1. a shading degradable agricultural film, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight portion: butt Semen Maydis forms sediment Powder 64-70, ethanol 23-26, chloroacetic acid 11-15, silica 1 4-16, epoxychloropropane 0.08-0.1, dimethylformamide 60-80, Semen Maydis oil 4-5, Konjac glucomannan 7-8, opacifier 2-3, metallic silicon power, polyacrylamide 3-4, acrylamide 2-3, acrylic acid Methyl ester 0.07-0.1, citrate 2-3, glycerol 3-4,85% ethanol solution is appropriate, deionized water is appropriate.
A kind of shading degradable agricultural film, it is characterised in that by the preparation system of step in detail below Become:
(1) by the sodium hydroxide mix homogeneously of butt corn starch and 6-10 times amount, forwarding to stir in reactor, rotating speed is 80- 100r/min, at 35 DEG C, stirring reaction 30min, after ethanol solution and chloroacetic acid mix homogeneously, is sprayed on starch surface and continues Continuous stirring 10min, after reaction terminates, is cooled to room temperature, then washs above-mentioned modified starch with 85% ethanol solution and adds appropriate Glacial acetic acid, regulation pH is 7.0, sucking filtration, continues to wash filter cake 2-3 time with 85% ethanol water, then in blast drier 50 It is dried 2-3h at DEG C, pulverizes, be sieving through 100 mesh, obtain carboxymethyl starch;
(2) carboxymethyl starch prepared by step (1) is added to furnishing slurry in alkaline solution, alkaline solution and carboxymethyl starch press Mix than ml:g1.5-2:1 according to volume mass, be subsequently placed in the thermostat water bath of 70-80 DEG C and be stirred continuously, by epoxy chloropropionate Alkane is dissolved in appropriate alkaline liquor, all instills in starch milk, react 1-3h, use hydrochloric acid conditioning solution after completion of the reaction in 3-5min Ph value to 6-7, stand a period of time, washing, sucking filtration, be placed in drying baker at 55 DEG C of dry 4h, prepare cross-linking carboxymethyl and form sediment Powder;
(3) being added in deionized water by Konjac glucomannan, after being sufficiently stirred for, liter high-temperature is to 60-90 DEG C, stirs 1-2h at such a temperature Obtain glue, then opacifier, metallic silicon power, polyacrylamide and acrylamide are added to ball milling in ball mill are uniformly dispersed, its Middle deionized water accounts for the 3-4 times amount of powder body gross weight, then glue and liquid slurry is mixed, and adds acrylic acid methyl ester. at 40-50 Stirring reaction 50-80min at DEG C, reaction is added to drying for standby in vacuum drying oven after terminating;
(4) product prepared by step (2) is configured to the starch milk that concentration is 38-48g/L, adds product prepared by step (3) Stirring 30-40min at 95-100 DEG C, stirring adds remaining surplus materials and continues stirring 50-60min after terminating, then will mixing Emulsion is transferred to homogenizer 18000r/min homogenizing 5min, forms uniform film forming liquid, then by film forming liquid in 0.09MPa vacuum Deaerate under degree 20min, casting film-forming.
A kind of shading degradable agricultural film, it is characterised in that described alkaline solution is by hydrogen-oxygen Change sodium and sodium chloride to mix according to mass ratio 2-3:1, then stir with the deionized water dissolving of gross weight 3-4 times amount Arrive.
CN201610601034.5A 2016-07-28 2016-07-28 A kind of shading degradable agricultural film Withdrawn CN106117627A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106967234A (en) * 2017-03-24 2017-07-21 沈阳金尔露生物科技有限公司 Rice terrace all-degradable liquid film and preparation method thereof

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101463092B (en) * 2009-01-07 2011-01-19 西南大学 Preparation of rapid disintegrating agent carboxymethyl-crosslinked starch sodium

Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101463092B (en) * 2009-01-07 2011-01-19 西南大学 Preparation of rapid disintegrating agent carboxymethyl-crosslinked starch sodium

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
曹龙奎等: ""交联羧甲基玉米淀粉/PVA复合膜制备工艺的研究"", 《包装科学与工程》 *
闫美珍: ""疏水化改性淀粉/PVA生物降解塑料地膜的研究"", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 农业科技辑》 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106967234A (en) * 2017-03-24 2017-07-21 沈阳金尔露生物科技有限公司 Rice terrace all-degradable liquid film and preparation method thereof

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