CN106115875B

CN106115875B - Heavy metal separation method, separation device and separation system

Info

Publication number: CN106115875B
Application number: CN201610651646.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘扬; 程乐明; 刘晨
Original assignee: Enn Envirotech Co ltd
Current assignee: Xindi Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2016-08-10
Filing date: 2016-08-10
Publication date: 2020-04-10
Anticipated expiration: 2036-08-10
Also published as: CN106115875A

Abstract

The invention provides a heavy metal separation method, a separation device and a separation system. The heavy metal separation method comprises the following steps: adding a magnet carrier to a material to be treated; conveying the mixture of the material to be treated and the magnet carrier into a pipeline with a magnetic field applied inside; the magnetic field acts on the heavy metal to separate the heavy metal from the material to be treated. According to the invention, by adding the magnet carrier into the liquid to be treated and applying the magnetic field to the pipeline, not only is the separation of heavy metals from the material to be treated realized, but also the recovery of the heavy metals is realized, and the pollution problem caused by the discharge of the heavy metals into the environment in the prior art is avoided. In addition, because the heavy metal is recovered, the content of the heavy metal in the treated material is low, and the subsequent treatment cost is also reduced.

Description

Heavy metal separation method, separation device and separation system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pollutant treatment, in particular to a heavy metal separation method, a separation device and a separation system.

Background

Heavy metals are metals with a specific gravity of more than 5 grams per cubic centimeter, such as gold, silver, copper, iron, lead, and the like. Heavy metal elements cannot be biodegraded, but can be enriched in a large amount under the action of biological amplification of a food chain and enter a human body through diet. In human body, heavy metals can complex with proteins and enzymes to make them lose biological activity. In China, due to the rapid development of mining industry and chemical industry, heavy metals or compounds thereof cause greater and greater pollution to the environment. The content of heavy metals is continuously enriched in the environment, which greatly exceeds the normal range and directly harms the health of the people.

At present, the heavy metal in the water body is mainly treated by a chemical precipitation or adsorption precipitation method. The legal precipitation method is characterized in that chemical agents are added according to the chemical characteristics of different heavy metals, so that the heavy metals and the drugs are subjected to chemical reaction to generate precipitation. The adsorption precipitation method is characterized in that heavy metals are adsorbed and precipitated by adding porous substances (such as activated carbon) according to the particle sizes and surface characteristics of different heavy metals. In both methods, heavy metals are precipitated from a water body, and then heavy metal pollutants are discharged from the water body to external environments such as sludge and the like, and the discharged heavy metals still cause environmental pollution. It can be seen that neither of the above methods essentially solves the problem of heavy metal contamination, but only transfers heavy metal contaminants.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a heavy metal separation method, a separation device and a separation system, and aims to solve the problem that the heavy metal cannot be recovered by the existing heavy metal treatment method.

In one aspect, the present invention provides a heavy metal separation method, comprising the steps of: adding a magnet carrier to a material to be treated; conveying the mixture of the material to be treated and the magnet carrier into a pipeline with a magnetic field applied inside; the magnetic field acts on the heavy metal in the material to be treated, so that the heavy metal is separated from the material to be treated.

Further, in the above heavy metal separation method, the magnet carrier includes an inner core and a coating layer coated on the inner core.

Further, in the above heavy metal separation method, the inner core is a ferrite compound.

Further, in the above heavy metal separation method, the coating layer is a polymer electrolyte.

It can be seen that the invention not only realizes the separation of heavy metals from the materials to be treated, but also realizes the recovery of heavy metals by adding the magnet carrier into the liquid to be treated and applying the magnetic field into the pipeline, thereby avoiding the pollution problem caused by the discharge of heavy metals into the environment in the prior art. In addition, because the heavy metal is recovered, the content of the heavy metal in the treated material is low, and the subsequent treatment cost is also reduced.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a heavy metal separation apparatus, including: the device comprises a pipeline, a magnetic field generating device and at least one accommodating body; the pipeline is a hollow shell, and an input pipe and an output pipe are respectively arranged on two opposite side surfaces of the hollow shell; the containing bodies are all arranged at the bottom of the pipeline, and the opening end of each containing body is arranged upwards; the magnetic field generating device is connected to the pipeline and used for applying a magnetic field which enables heavy metals in the liquid to be treated to fall into the accommodating body to the pipeline.

Furthermore, in the heavy metal separation device, the bottom of the pipeline is provided with a plurality of through holes, and an annular connector is extended from the inner wall of each through hole to the outside of the pipeline; each accommodating body is detachably connected with each annular connecting body in a one-to-one correspondence mode.

Further, in the heavy metal separation device, a switch door is arranged on the side wall of the pipeline; each accommodating body is a settling tank arranged at the bottom of the pipeline.

Further, in the heavy metal separation device, the input pipe and the output pipe are coaxially arranged.

Further, in the heavy metal separation device, the pipeline is a torus with a uniform inner diameter, and the inner diameter of the input pipe is smaller than that of the pipeline.

Further, in the above heavy metal separation device, the application direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the axis of the input pipe and is directed to the bottom of the pipeline.

Further, in the above heavy metal separation apparatus, the magnetic field is a uniform magnetic field having a fixed direction.

The invention not only realizes the separation of heavy metals from the materials to be treated, but also realizes the recovery of the heavy metals by applying a magnetic field in the pipeline, thereby avoiding the pollution problem caused by the discharge of the heavy metals into the environment in the prior art. In addition, because the heavy metal is recovered, the content of the heavy metal in the treated material is low, and the subsequent treatment cost is also reduced.

In another aspect, the invention further provides a heavy metal separation system, which comprises a magnet-carrying body adding device and any one of the heavy metal separation devices; wherein the magnet carrying adding device is used for receiving and mixing the liquid to be treated and the magnet carrying body; the heavy metal separation device is connected with the magnet carrying body adding device and is used for receiving and processing the liquid to be processed mixed with the magnet carrying body.

Further, in the above heavy metal separation system, the number of the heavy metal separation devices is even, and every two heavy metal separation devices are grouped and connected in parallel for standby use, and the heavy metal separation devices of each group are connected in parallel; each heavy metal separation device is provided with a valve at the input pipe and the output pipe of the pipeline

Due to the fact that the heavy metal separation device has the effect, the heavy metal separation system with the heavy metal separation device also has the corresponding technical effect.

Drawings

Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a heavy metal separation method provided by an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a heavy metal separation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a heavy metal separation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

The separation method comprises the following steps:

referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flow chart of a heavy metal separation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

step S1, adding a magnet carrier to the material to be processed. The magnet carrier may consist of a ferromagnetic inner core and an outer coating. The inner core can generate strong paramagnetism and can be ferrite compounds such as ferroferric oxide and the like. The core is preferably spherical and the coating layer may be composed of a polymer electrolyte. In specific implementation, a high molecular compound coating layer can be loaded on the periphery of the sphere core, and the coating layer can be one or more of PEO, PLA and the like, so that the periphery of the high polymer is negatively charged, and heavy metal ions in a solution can be adsorbed to form a compound.

And step S2, conveying the mixture of the material to be processed and the magnet carrier into a pipeline with a magnetic field applied inside. In specific implementation, a magnetic field generating device can be arranged outside the pipeline, and a magnetic field is generated inside the pipeline through the magnetic field generating device.

And step S3, the magnetic field acts on the heavy metal in the material to be processed, so that the heavy metal is separated from the material to be processed. Under the influence of heavy metal ions, the magnetism of the inner core can be changed to a certain extent, and under the influence of an external magnetic field of the pipeline, different acting forces and moving activities can be generated, so that the heavy metal is finally separated from the material to be treated.

The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: most of the metal compounds are paramagnetic, and some are even ferromagnetic. Paramagnetic materials respond to magnetic fields. From the atomic structure point of view, the atoms, ions or molecules that make up paramagnetic objects have an inner shell layer that is not filled with electrons. However, because the interaction is far smaller than the thermal kinetic energy, the orientation of the magnetic moments is random, so that the material cannot form spontaneous magnetization. The material containing heavy metal and the magnet carrier are stirred and mixed in a pulping tank by adding the magnet carrier, and the magnet carrier can be composed of a strong magnetic inner core and an outer polymer electrolyte. Wherein, the strong magnetic inner core can adsorb heavy metals in the materials. The polymer electrolyte of the outer layer is deposited on the inner core, the magnetic action of the inner core and heavy metal is not influenced, and the inner core can be protected from being corroded in acid, alkali and salt environments. In the mixing stage, the carrier magnet can combine with heavy metal to form fine magnetic suspension, and the fine magnetic suspension is intensively transferred and collected under the influence of the magnetic force source

It can be seen that, in the embodiment, by adding the magnet carrier to the liquid to be treated and applying the magnetic field to the pipeline, not only the separation of heavy metals from the material to be treated is realized, but also the recovery of heavy metals is realized, and the pollution problem caused by the discharge of heavy metals to the environment in the prior art is avoided. In addition, because the heavy metal is recovered, the content of the heavy metal in the treated material is low, and the subsequent treatment cost is also reduced.

Separation apparatus embodiment:

referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a heavy metal separation device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the apparatus comprises: a pipe 1 with two closed ends, a containing body 2 and a magnetic field generating device (not shown in the figure).

Wherein, two opposite side surfaces of the pipeline 1 are respectively provided with an input pipe 11 and an output pipe 12. In particular, the pipe 1 may be an annular body closed at both ends. Preferably, the input pipe 11 is arranged coaxially to the output pipe 12, and the axes of the input pipe 11 and the output pipe 12 coincide or are parallel with the axis of the pipe 1.

The bottom of pipeline 1 is arranged in to receiver 2 to, receiver 2 can dismantle with pipeline 1 and be connected, and receiver 2 is equipped with the open end and upwards sets up, and the storage space of receiver 2 is linked together with pipeline 1 inner space. The bottom in this embodiment is a portion below the duct 1. During the concrete implementation, the storage body 2 can set up one, two, also can set up a plurality ofly, and the specific quantity of storage body 2 can be separated heavy metal type as required and corresponding, and every storage body 2 is used for accomodating a heavy metal.

The magnetic field generating device is connected to the pipeline 1 and is used for applying a magnetic field which enables heavy metals in the liquid to be treated to fall into the accommodating body 2 into the pipeline 1. Specifically, the magnetic field generating device may be a magnetic force source disposed on the outer wall of the pipeline 1, and in particular, the magnetic force source may be a coil or the like capable of generating a magnetic field. The magnetic field generating device may also be a magnetic substance, and the side wall of the pipe 1 may be provided with an annular space, and the magnetic substance may be filled in the annular space.

The separation process of this example: through carrying magnet pending material of mixing with carrying magnet and passing through input tube 11 input to pipeline 1 in with certain speed, carry the effect that the magnetic suspension that forms after magnet and the heavy metal mixture received the magnetic field in pipeline 1 to the below motion of pipeline 1 is in pipeline 1 to the orbit of parabola, and then falls into the receiver. Because the ability that different heavy metals are influenced by magnetic field is different, so the motion trail of different heavy metals is also different, and like this, the magnetic deposit that contains different heavy metals can fall into different receivers 2 in, has realized the separation and the collection to different heavy metals. Then the heavy metal attached to the container 2 can be washed off by using washing liquid for subsequent purification or refining, and the residual substances can be washed by water and filtered to obtain the magnet carrier again, and can be recycled after drying.

In the present embodiment, the heavy metal is moved downward by the magnetic field in the downward direction of the pipe 1 and then falls into the storage box, and in specific implementation, the magnetic field in the downward direction in the radial direction, that is, in the direction B shown in fig. 2, may be directly applied to the inner pipe 2, or the magnetic field in a certain angle with the axial direction of the inner pipe 2 may be applied to the inner pipe 2, and the heavy metal is adsorbed by the component of the magnetic field in the downward direction in the radial direction. Further, the magnetic field may be a fixed uniform magnetic field. Preferably, the direction of application of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the axis of the input pipe 11 and directed towards the bottom of the pipe 1.

It can be seen that, this embodiment not only has realized separating out heavy metal from pending material through applying the magnetic field in pipeline 1, but also has realized the recovery to heavy metal, has avoided among the prior art because the pollution problem that the heavy metal discharged and cause in the environment. In addition, because the heavy metal is recovered, the content of the heavy metal in the treated material is low, and the subsequent treatment cost is also reduced.

With continued reference to fig. 2, a preferred construction of the receptacle 2 is also shown. As shown in the figure, the bottom of the pipeline 1 is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the inner wall of each through hole extends towards the outside of the pipeline 1 and is provided with an annular connector; the receiving body 2 is detachably connected with the annular connecting body. Specifically, the accommodating body 2 is arranged outside the pipeline 1, and the accommodating body 2 is provided with an open end which is detachably connected with the annular connecting body. Preferably, the receptacle 2 is screwed or flanged to the annular connection body.

In the above embodiment, the storage body 2 may be a plurality of settling tanks opened at the bottom in the duct 1. The side wall of the pipeline 1 is provided with an opening and closing door, and the magnetic sediments collected in each settling tank are taken out through the opening and closing door.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that when the initial flow rate of the material to be processed into the pipeline 1 is large, the difference between the motion trajectories of the heavy metals is also obvious, so as to facilitate the separation of different heavy metals, three trajectories a, B and C in fig. 2 are the motion trajectories of three different heavy metals, respectively, and the inner diameter of the input pipe 11 is smaller than the minimum inner diameter of the pipeline 1. Specifically, the pipe 1 may be a torus with a uniform inner diameter, and the inner diameter of the input pipe 11 is smaller than the inner diameter of the torus.

In conclusion, the present embodiment not only realizes the separation of heavy metals from the materials to be treated, but also realizes the recovery of heavy metals by applying a magnetic field in the pipeline 1.

Separation system embodiment:

referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a heavy metal separation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the system comprises a magnet-carrying body adding device and any one of the heavy metal separation devices. Wherein, carry the magnet and add the device and be connected with heavy metal separation device. The specific implementation process of the heavy metal separation device can be referred to the above description, and the detailed description of the embodiment is omitted here. During specific implementation, the magnet-carrying adding device can be a pulping tank 6 provided with a stirring device, the magnet-carrying adding device is used for stirring and mixing the received material to be processed and the magnet-carrying body, and the material to be processed which is fully mixed with the magnet-carrying body is conveyed into the heavy metal separation device. The heavy metal separation device utilizes an internal magnetic field to separate the heavy metal in the received material to be treated into the receiving groove.

During specific implementation, the separation system can be further provided with a pump 5, an input port of the pump 5 is connected with the pulping tank 6, an output port of the pump 5 is connected with an input pipe of the heavy metal separation device 3, and the pump 5 is used for inputting materials to be treated in the pulping tank 6 into the heavy metal separation device 3.

In the above embodiment, the number of the heavy metal separation devices may be even, and every two heavy metal separation devices are grouped and connected in parallel to each other for standby, and the groups of heavy metal separation devices are connected in parallel.

Valves are mounted on an input pipe and an output pipe of a pipeline of each heavy metal separation device, so that switching operation is facilitated. Referring to fig. 3, the cut-off

valves

4a and 4b are kept open and the cut-off

valves

7a and 7b are closed. The mixed material is pumped into the first heavy metal separation device 3 by a pump 5, and different magnetic suspended matters influenced by magnetic force can be selectively collected. After a certain time, 4a and 4b are closed, 7a and 7b are opened simultaneously, the first heavy metal separation device 3 is switched to a second heavy metal separation device 8 which is standby at the other path, and the continuous operation of the equipment is kept. After the magnetic suspended matters deposited in the second heavy metal separation device 8 are cleaned up, the magnetic suspended matters can be returned to be used, and then the first heavy metal separation device 3 is switched to a working state.

It should be noted that the principle of the heavy metal separation device, the separation system and the separation method in the embodiment of the present invention is similar, and the relevant points can be referred to each other.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A heavy metal separation device, comprising: the device comprises a pipeline (1) with two closed ends, a magnetic field generating device and at least two accommodating bodies (2); wherein the content of the first and second substances,

an input pipe (11) and an output pipe (12) are respectively arranged on two opposite side surfaces of the pipeline (1);

each accommodating body (2) is arranged at the bottom of the pipeline (1), and the opening end of each accommodating body (2) is arranged upwards;

the magnetic field generating device is connected to the pipeline (1) and is used for applying a magnetic field which enables heavy metals in the liquid to be treated to fall into the accommodating body (2) into the pipeline (1);

the magnetic field is a uniform magnetic field with a fixed direction, and the application direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the axis of the input pipe (11) and is directed to the bottom of the pipeline (1) so as to separate different heavy metals and enable the heavy metals to fall into different containers (2).

2. Heavy metal separation device according to claim 1,

the bottom of the pipeline is provided with a plurality of through holes, and an annular connector is extended from the inner wall of each through hole to the outside of the pipeline (1);

each accommodating body (2) is detachably connected with each annular connecting body in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

3. Heavy metal separation device according to claim 2,

the side wall of the pipeline (1) is provided with a switch door;

each accommodating body (2) is a settling tank arranged at the bottom of the pipeline (1).

4. A heavy metal separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inlet conduit (11) is arranged coaxially with the outlet conduit (12).

5. Heavy metal separation apparatus according to claim 4,

the pipeline (1) is a torus with uniform inner diameter, and the inner diameter of the input pipe (11) is smaller than that of the pipeline (1).

6. A heavy metal separation system comprising a magnet-carrying body adding device and the heavy metal separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the magnet carrying body adding device is used for receiving and mixing the liquid to be treated and the magnet carrying body;

the heavy metal separation device is connected with the magnet carrying body adding device and is used for receiving and processing the liquid to be processed mixed with the magnet carrying body.

7. The heavy metal separation system of claim 6,

the heavy metal separation devices are even in number, every two heavy metal separation devices are in one group and are connected in parallel to be spare, and the heavy metal separation devices in each group are connected in parallel;

and valves are respectively arranged on an input pipe and an output pipe of the pipeline of each heavy metal separation device.