CN106112307A - A kind of lamellar composite pricker is coated with material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of lamellar composite pricker is coated with material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106112307A CN106112307A CN201610750431.9A CN201610750431A CN106112307A CN 106112307 A CN106112307 A CN 106112307A CN 201610750431 A CN201610750431 A CN 201610750431A CN 106112307 A CN106112307 A CN 106112307A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 167
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 11
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
- B32B1/08—Tubular products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/16—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a particulate layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
- B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B9/041—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
- B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
- B32B2037/243—Coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/03—3 layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/06—Coating on the layer surface on metal layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
- B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
- B32B2264/102—Oxide or hydroxide
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种层状复合钎涂材料,它是由钎料合金内层、包括硬质合金颗粒和钎剂的混合物中层以及钎料合金外层轧制成的带状结构或拉拔成的管状结构。钎料合金内层的厚度为0.01~1mm,混合物中层的厚度为0.1~4mm,钎料合金外层的厚度为0.1~2mm。其中混合物中层中,硬质合金颗粒所占的重量百分比为80~99%。本发明自带钎剂、成形性好,实现了钎剂定量、自动添加;钎料合金及硬质合金比例一致,可有效保障钎涂质量;轧制成型的层状复合钎涂材料可以卷制成盘状或轴状,钎涂过程中可以实现自动化生产。与传统悬浮浆料状钎涂材料或片状钎涂材料相比,本发明制备工艺简单,便于存放、运输,钎涂过程中可以实现自动化生产。
The invention discloses a layered composite brazing coating material, which is a strip structure rolled or drawn from a brazing filler metal alloy inner layer, a mixture middle layer comprising hard alloy particles and brazing flux, and a brazing filler metal alloy outer layer. tubular structure. The thickness of the inner layer of the solder alloy is 0.01-1 mm, the thickness of the middle layer of the mixture is 0.1-4 mm, and the thickness of the outer layer of the solder alloy is 0.1-2 mm. Wherein, in the middle layer of the mixture, the weight percentage of cemented carbide particles is 80-99%. The invention has self-contained brazing flux, good formability, and realizes quantitative and automatic addition of brazing flux; the proportion of brazing alloy and hard alloy is consistent, which can effectively guarantee the quality of brazing coating; the layered composite brazing coating material rolled and formed can be rolled In the shape of a disc or a shaft, automatic production can be realized during the braze coating process. Compared with the traditional suspension slurry brazing material or sheet brazing material, the preparation process of the present invention is simple, convenient for storage and transportation, and automatic production can be realized in the brazing process.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种钎涂材料,尤其是涉及一种层状复合钎涂材料,本发明还涉及该钎涂材料的制备方法。The invention relates to a brazing coating material, in particular to a layered composite brazing coating material, and also relates to a preparation method of the brazing coating material.
背景技术Background technique
在机械领域,某些工件局部表面往往要求具有较高的耐磨性和抗腐蚀性。如果将整体工件都用耐磨合金或抗腐蚀材料制造,不但成本较高,而且在整体力学性能等方面往往又不能满足要求。合理的解决方法通常是采用表面处理技术,即在工件的工作面上涂覆一层耐磨或耐蚀的金属或合金。就耐磨层而言,常用的方法有物理气相沉积法(PVD)、化学气相沉积法(CVD)、热喷涂法、堆焊法及钎涂法。物理气相沉法和化学气相沉积法只能取得很薄的涂层;等离子喷涂和火焰喷涂一般只能达到约1mm厚的涂层;表面堆焊法的加热温度较高,容易产生热应力,焊层一般较薄;钎涂法则不同,用钎涂法可以得到厚度范围比较大的涂层(从最薄的0.05mm到比较厚的4mm)。另外,钎涂层与母材系冶金结合,结合强度比热喷涂的机械结合要高得多;同时钎涂比堆焊时的加热温度低,热应力和母材性能的变化较小;而且钎涂层表面光滑,施工精度高,经过少量的加工即可达到要求的精度。In the field of machinery, the local surface of some workpieces is often required to have high wear resistance and corrosion resistance. If the whole workpiece is made of wear-resistant alloys or corrosion-resistant materials, not only the cost is high, but also the overall mechanical properties and other aspects often cannot meet the requirements. A reasonable solution is usually to use surface treatment technology, that is, to coat a layer of wear-resistant or corrosion-resistant metal or alloy on the working surface of the workpiece. As far as the wear-resistant layer is concerned, the commonly used methods are physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), thermal spraying, surfacing and brazing. Physical vapor deposition and chemical vapor deposition can only obtain very thin coatings; plasma spraying and flame spraying generally can only achieve about 1mm thick coatings; The layer is generally thin; the braze coating method is different, and the braze coating method can be used to obtain a coating with a relatively large thickness range (from the thinnest 0.05mm to the thickest 4mm). In addition, the brazing coating is metallurgically bonded to the base metal, and the bonding strength is much higher than the mechanical bonding of thermal spraying; at the same time, the heating temperature of the brazing coating is lower than that of surfacing, and the thermal stress and the properties of the base metal have little change; and the brazing coating The surface of the coating is smooth and the construction precision is high, and the required precision can be achieved after a small amount of processing.
钎涂法中所用的钎涂材料由两部分组成:一部分是钎料合金,它的熔化温度较低,通称低熔点组分;另一部分是熔点高的硬质合金,通称高熔点组分。传统的钎涂材料通常是将粉状钎料、硬质合金颗粒、粘接剂、有机物等制备成悬浮的浆料状钎涂材料或片状钎涂材料,然后涂覆或粘结在工件表面,为防止母材、粉状钎料的氧化及促进钎料在硬质合金颗粒、母材表面的润湿铺展,钎涂过程中往往需要不断添加钎剂,工作效率低且容易造成钎剂的大量浪费,成本较高。The braze coating material used in the braze coating method consists of two parts: one part is a brazing alloy, which has a lower melting temperature and is commonly known as a low melting point component; the other part is a hard alloy with a high melting point, commonly known as a high melting point component. Traditional brazing materials are usually prepared by preparing powdered brazing material, cemented carbide particles, adhesives, organic matter, etc. into suspended slurry brazing materials or sheet brazing materials, and then coated or bonded on the surface of the workpiece In order to prevent the oxidation of the base metal and powdered solder and promote the wetting and spreading of the solder on the surface of the cemented carbide particles and the base metal, it is often necessary to continuously add flux during the brazing coating process, which is low in work efficiency and easily causes flux loss. A lot of waste and high cost.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种使用方便的层状复合钎涂材料,本发明还提供该钎涂材料的制备方法。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a layered composite brazing material which is easy to use, and the present invention also provides a preparation method of the brazing material.
为实现上述目的,本发明可采取下述技术方案:To achieve the above object, the present invention can take the following technical solutions:
本发明所述的层状复合钎涂材料,它是由钎料合金内层、包括硬质合金颗粒和钎剂的混合物中层以及钎料合金外层轧制成的带状结构或拉拔成的管状结构。The layered composite brazing coating material of the present invention is a strip structure rolled or drawn by a brazing filler metal alloy inner layer, a mixture middle layer comprising cemented carbide particles and brazing flux, and a brazing filler metal alloy outer layer. tubular structure.
所述钎料合金内层的厚度为0.01~1mm,所述混合物中层的厚度为0.1~4mm,所述钎料合金外层的厚度为0.1~2mm。The thickness of the inner layer of the solder alloy is 0.01-1mm, the thickness of the middle layer of the mixture is 0.1-4mm, and the thickness of the outer layer of the solder alloy is 0.1-2mm.
所述混合物中层中,硬质合金颗粒所占的重量百分比为80~99%。In the middle layer of the mixture, the cemented carbide particles account for 80-99% by weight.
所述钎料合金内层、钎料合金外层为银基钎料、铜基钎料、镍基钎料、钴基钎料、钯基钎料中的一种。The brazing alloy inner layer and the brazing alloy outer layer are one of silver-based brazing filler metal, copper-based brazing filler metal, nickel-based brazing filler metal, cobalt-based brazing filler metal, and palladium-based brazing filler metal.
所述硬质合金颗粒为粒度16~120目的碳化物、氮化物、硼化物、氧化物中的一种。The cemented carbide particles are one of carbides, nitrides, borides and oxides with a particle size of 16-120 mesh.
本发明所述层状复合钎涂材料的制备方法为:The preparation method of layered composite brazing coating material of the present invention is:
制备带状钎涂材料:Preparation of strip brazing material:
首先将硬质合金颗粒、钎剂及有机粘结剂按一定比例配制的混合物均匀涂覆在钎料合金表面,然后在混合物表面再放置一定厚度的钎料合金,采用精密轧机轧制成所需厚度的由钎料合金内层、混合物中层和钎料合金外层构成的带状结构的三层复合钎涂材料成品;First, the mixture of cemented carbide particles, brazing flux and organic binder is uniformly coated on the surface of the brazing alloy, and then a certain thickness of brazing alloy is placed on the surface of the mixture, and the precision rolling mill is used to roll it into the required The finished product of three-layer composite brazing coating material with a strip structure composed of the inner layer of the brazing alloy, the middle layer of the mixture and the outer layer of the brazing alloy;
制备管状钎涂材料:Preparation of tubular brazing material:
首先将硬质合金颗粒、钎剂及有机粘结剂按一定比例配制的混合物均匀涂覆在管状钎料合金表面,然后将带状钎料合金经过多道轧制,将该管状钎料合金包覆,通过多道拉拔、校直工序,制成由钎料合金内层、混合物中层和钎料合金外层构成的管状结构的三层复合钎涂材料成品。First, the mixture of cemented carbide particles, flux and organic binder is uniformly coated on the surface of the tubular solder alloy, and then the strip-shaped solder alloy is rolled through multiple passes, and the tubular solder alloy is wrapped. Through multiple drawing and straightening processes, a three-layer composite brazing coating material product with a tubular structure composed of a brazing alloy inner layer, a mixture middle layer and a brazing alloy outer layer is made.
本发明的优点在于自带钎剂、成形性好,钎涂过程中实现了钎剂定量、自动添加;钎料合金及硬质合金比例一致,钎涂过程中可有效保障钎涂质量;轧制成型的层状复合钎涂材料可以卷制成盘状或轴状,钎涂过程中可以实现自动化生产。相对于由粉状钎料、硬质合金颗粒、粘接剂、有机物等制备成的悬浮浆料状钎涂材料或片状钎涂材料,本发明的制备工艺简单,成形性好,便于存放、运输,钎涂过程中可以实现自动化生产。The invention has the advantages of self-contained brazing flux, good formability, quantitative and automatic addition of brazing flux is realized in the brazing coating process; the proportion of brazing alloy and hard alloy is consistent, and the brazing coating quality can be effectively guaranteed during the brazing coating process; The formed layered composite brazing coating material can be rolled into a disc shape or a shaft shape, and automatic production can be realized in the brazing coating process. Compared with the suspension slurry brazing material or sheet brazing material prepared from powdery solder, cemented carbide particles, adhesives, organic matter, etc., the preparation process of the present invention is simple, the formability is good, and it is convenient to store, Automated production can be realized during transportation and brazing coating.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1、图2是本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are structural representations of the present invention.
图3是卷制成盘状的层状复合钎涂材料。Figure 3 is a layered composite brazing material rolled into a disk.
具体实施方式detailed description
本发明所述的层状复合钎涂材料,是由钎料合金内层1、包括硬质合金颗粒和钎剂的混合物中层2以及钎料合金外层3轧制成的带状结构,如图1所示;也可以通过送粉(硬质合金颗粒和钎剂的混合物)、拉拔、校直等工序制成管状结构,如图2所示。轧制或拉拔好的层状复合钎涂材料可以卷制成盘状(如图3所示),以方便存放、运输,同时也利于自动化生产。The layered composite brazing coating material of the present invention is a strip structure rolled into by brazing alloy inner layer 1, a mixture middle layer 2 comprising cemented carbide particles and brazing flux, and brazing alloy outer layer 3, as shown in the figure 1; it can also be made into a tubular structure by powder feeding (a mixture of cemented carbide particles and flux), drawing, and straightening, as shown in Figure 2. The rolled or drawn layered composite braze-coated material can be rolled into a disc (as shown in Figure 3), which is convenient for storage and transportation, and is also conducive to automated production.
其中钎料合金内层1的厚度为0.01~1mm,混合物中层2的厚度为0.1~4mm,钎料合金外层3的厚度为0.1~2mm。The thickness of the inner layer 1 of the solder alloy is 0.01-1 mm, the thickness of the middle layer 2 of the mixture is 0.1-4 mm, and the thickness of the outer layer 3 of the solder alloy is 0.1-2 mm.
在混合物中层2中,硬质合金颗粒可以为粒度16~120目的碳化物、氮化物、硼化物、氧化物中的一种,硬质合金颗粒所占的重量百分比为80~99%。In the middle layer 2 of the mixture, the cemented carbide particles can be one of carbides, nitrides, borides, and oxides with a particle size of 16-120 mesh, and the weight percentage of the cemented carbide particles is 80-99%.
钎料合金内层1、钎料合金外层3为银基钎料、铜基钎料、镍基钎料、钴基钎料、钯基钎料中的一种。The brazing alloy inner layer 1 and the brazing alloy outer layer 3 are one of silver-based brazing filler metal, copper-based brazing filler metal, nickel-based brazing filler metal, cobalt-based brazing filler metal, and palladium-based brazing filler metal.
本发明的层状复合钎涂材料的制备方法分为带状和管状两种:The preparation method of layered composite braze-coated material of the present invention is divided into strip and tubular two kinds:
1、制备带状钎涂材料:1. Preparation of strip brazing material:
首先将硬质合金颗粒、钎剂及有机粘结剂按一定比例配制的混合物均匀涂覆在钎料合金表面,然后在混合物表面再放置一定厚度的钎料合金,采用精密轧机轧制成所需厚度的由钎料合金内层1、混合物中层2和钎料合金外层3构成的带状结构的三层复合钎涂材料成品;First, the mixture of cemented carbide particles, brazing flux and organic binder is uniformly coated on the surface of the brazing alloy, and then a certain thickness of brazing alloy is placed on the surface of the mixture, and the precision rolling mill is used to roll it into the required A finished product of three-layer composite brazing coating material with a band structure composed of a brazing alloy inner layer 1, a mixture middle layer 2 and a brazing alloy outer layer 3;
2、制备管状钎涂材料:2. Preparation of tubular brazing material:
首先将硬质合金颗粒、钎剂及有机粘结剂按一定比例配制的混合物均匀涂覆在管状钎料合金表面,然后将带状钎料合金经过多道轧制,将该管状钎料合金包覆,通过多道拉拔、校直等工序,制成由钎料合金内层1、混合物中层2和钎料合金外层3构成的管状结构的三层复合钎涂材料成品。First, the mixture of cemented carbide particles, flux and organic binder is uniformly coated on the surface of the tubular solder alloy, and then the strip-shaped solder alloy is rolled through multiple passes, and the tubular solder alloy is wrapped. Through multiple drawing, straightening and other processes, a three-layer composite brazing coating material product with a tubular structure consisting of a brazing alloy inner layer 1, a mixture middle layer 2 and a brazing alloy outer layer 3 is made.
下面通过具体实施例对本发明层状复合钎涂材料的制备方法和使用效果做更加详细的说明。The preparation method and application effect of the layered composite brazing material of the present invention will be described in more detail below through specific examples.
实施例1:Example 1:
钎料合金外层3为厚度0.1mm的BAg40CuZnCdNi(国家标准牌号HL312,按质量分数百分比计算,Ag-Cu16-Zn18-Cd26-Ni0.2)钎料合金带,钎料合金内层1为厚度0.3mm的BAg40CuZnCdNi钎料合金带,混合物中层2中的硬质合金颗粒选择20~30目的铸造碳化钨粉,钎剂选择FB102,按重量计算硬质合金颗粒与钎剂的比例为10:1,成品层状复合钎涂材料的厚度为0.6mm、宽度为3mm。母材选用Q235碳钢,钎涂后的尺寸为57mm×25.5mm×6mm。对实施例1的钎涂产品进行磨粒磨损实验,磨粒磨损试验在MLG-130A型干式橡胶轮磨粒磨损试验机上进行,试验载荷为20N,磨料为120号棕刚玉砂,橡胶轮转速为100r/min,砂流量为100g/min,磨损时间为15min,涂层的磨损用失重量表示,测试结果为36mg。采用同种比例的BAg40CuZnCdNi粉末、铸造碳化钨粉等制备的传统片状钎涂材料在同种钎涂工艺及磨粒磨损试验中的测试结果为48mg,结果表明本发明的复合钎涂材料的耐磨性明显高于传统片状钎涂材料。The outer layer 3 of the solder alloy is BAg40CuZnCdNi (national standard brand HL312, calculated by mass fraction percentage, Ag-Cu16-Zn18-Cd26-Ni0.2) with a thickness of 0.1 mm, and the inner layer 1 of the solder alloy is 0.3 mm thick. mm BAg40CuZnCdNi solder alloy strip, the cemented carbide particles in layer 2 of the mixture should be cast tungsten carbide powder of 20-30 meshes, the brazing flux should be FB102, the ratio of cemented carbide particles to brazing flux is 10:1 by weight, and the finished product The layered composite brazing material has a thickness of 0.6 mm and a width of 3 mm. The base material is Q235 carbon steel, and the size after brazing is 57mm×25.5mm×6mm. Carry out abrasive wear test to the brazed coating product of embodiment 1, abrasive wear test is carried out on MLG-130A type dry type rubber wheel abrasive wear tester, test load is 20N, abrasive material is No. 120 brown corundum sand, rubber wheel speed The sand flow rate is 100r/min, the sand flow rate is 100g/min, and the wear time is 15min. The wear of the coating is expressed by weight loss, and the test result is 36mg. Adopt the same kind of BAg40CuZnCdNi powder of the same proportion, cast tungsten carbide powder etc. to prepare the test result of the traditional flake brazing material in the same kind of brazing process and abrasive wear test to be 48mg, the result shows that the composite brazing material of the present invention is durable The abrasiveness is significantly higher than that of traditional flake brazing materials.
实施例2Example 2
钎料合金外层3为厚度0.2mm的BCu58ZnMn(国家标准牌号HL105,按质量分数百分比计算,Cu-Zn38-Mn)钎料合金带,钎料合金内层1为厚度0.3mm的BCu58ZnMn钎料合金带,混合物中层2中的硬质合金颗粒选择20~30目的铸造碳化钨粉,钎剂选择QJ308,按重量计算硬质合金颗粒与钎剂的比例为10:1,成品层状复合钎涂材料的厚度为0.5mm、宽度为3mm。母材选用Q235碳钢,钎涂后的尺寸为57mm×25.5mm×6mm。对实施例2的钎涂产品进行磨粒磨损实验,磨粒磨损试验在MLG-130A型干式橡胶轮磨粒磨损试验机上进行,试验载荷为20N,磨料为120号棕刚玉砂,橡胶轮转速为100r/min,砂流量为100g/min,磨损时间为15min,涂层的磨损用失重量表示,测试结果为26mg。采用同种比例的BCu58ZnMn粉末、铸造碳化钨粉等制备的传统片状钎涂材料在同种钎涂工艺及磨粒磨损试验中的测试结果为37mg,结果表明本发明的复合钎涂材料的耐磨性明显高于传统片状钎涂材料。The outer layer 3 of the brazing alloy is a BCu58ZnMn (national standard brand HL105, calculated by mass fraction percentage, Cu-Zn38-Mn) brazing alloy strip with a thickness of 0.2mm, and the inner layer 1 of the brazing alloy is a BCu58ZnMn brazing alloy with a thickness of 0.3mm The cemented carbide particles in layer 2 of the mixture should be cast tungsten carbide powder of 20-30 meshes, the flux should be QJ308, the ratio of cemented carbide particles to flux is 10:1 by weight, and the finished layered composite brazing coating material The thickness is 0.5mm and the width is 3mm. The base material is Q235 carbon steel, and the size after brazing is 57mm×25.5mm×6mm. Carry out abrasive wear test to the brazed coating product of embodiment 2, abrasive wear test is carried out on MLG-130A type dry type rubber wheel abrasive wear test machine, test load is 20N, abrasive material is No. 120 brown corundum sand, rubber wheel speed is 100r/min, the sand flow is 100g/min, and the wear time is 15min. The wear of the coating is expressed by weight loss, and the test result is 26mg. The test result of the traditional sheet-shaped brazing material prepared by adopting the same ratio of BCu58ZnMn powder, cast tungsten carbide powder, etc. in the same kind of brazing process and abrasive wear test is 37mg, and the result shows that the composite brazing material of the present invention is durable The abrasiveness is significantly higher than that of traditional flake brazing materials.
实施例3Example 3
钎料合金外层3为厚度0.1mm的BAg50CuZnCdNi(国家标准牌号HL315,按质量分数百分比计算,Ag-Cu15-Zn17-Cd15-Ni3)钎料合金带,钎料合金内层1为厚度0.4mm的BAg50CuZnCdNi钎料合金带,混合物中层2中的硬质合金颗粒选择20~30目的铸造碳化钨粉,钎剂选择FB102,按重量计算硬质合金颗粒与钎剂的比例为10:1,成品复合钎涂材料的厚度为0.8mm、宽度为3mm。母材选用Q235碳钢,钎涂后的尺寸为57mm×25.5mm×6mm。对实施例3的产品进行磨粒磨损实验,磨粒磨损试验在MLG-130A型干式橡胶轮磨粒磨损试验机上进行。试验载荷为20N,磨料为120号棕刚玉砂,橡胶轮转速为100r/min,砂流量为100g/min,磨损时间为15min,涂层的磨损用失重量表示,测试结果为21mg。采用同种比例的BAg50CuZnCdNi粉末、铸造碳化钨粉等制备的传统悬浮浆料状钎涂材料在同种钎涂工艺及磨粒磨损试验中的测试结果为36mg,结果表明本发明的复合钎涂材料的耐磨性明显高于传统悬浮浆料状钎涂材料。The outer layer 3 of the solder alloy is BAg50CuZnCdNi (national standard brand HL315, calculated by mass fraction percentage, Ag-Cu15-Zn17-Cd15-Ni3) with a thickness of 0.1 mm, and the inner layer 1 of the solder alloy is a 0.4 mm thick BAg50CuZnCdNi brazing material alloy strip, the hard alloy particles in the middle layer 2 of the mixture choose 20-30 mesh cast tungsten carbide powder, the brazing flux chooses FB102, the ratio of cemented carbide particles to brazing flux is 10:1 by weight, and the finished composite brazing The coating material had a thickness of 0.8 mm and a width of 3 mm. The base material is Q235 carbon steel, and the size after brazing is 57mm×25.5mm×6mm. The product of embodiment 3 is carried out abrasive wear test, abrasive wear test is carried out on MLG-130A type dry rubber wheel abrasive wear tester. The test load is 20N, the abrasive is No. 120 brown corundum sand, the speed of the rubber wheel is 100r/min, the sand flow rate is 100g/min, and the wear time is 15min. The wear of the coating is expressed by weight loss, and the test result is 21mg. Adopt the same kind of ratio BAg50CuZnCdNi powder, casting tungsten carbide powder etc. to prepare the traditional suspension slurry shape brazing material in the same kind of brazing process and abrasive wear test test result is 36mg, the result shows that composite brazing material of the present invention The wear resistance is significantly higher than that of traditional suspension slurry brazing materials.
实施例4Example 4
钎料合金外层3为厚度0.2mm的BCuSiAlTi(按质量分数百分比计算,Cu92.75-Si3-Al2-Ti2.25)钎料合金带,钎料合金内层1为厚度0.2mm的BCuSiAlTi钎料合金带,混合物中层2中的硬质合金颗粒选择20~30目的Si3N4粉,钎剂选择QJ308,按重量计算钎剂与硬质合金颗粒的比例为1:10,通过送粉(硬质合金颗粒和钎剂的混合物)、拉拔、校直等工序后,制成直径为4mm、长度为400mm的管状钎涂材料,其中钎料合金占管状钎涂材料总重量的9%,Si3N4粉和钎剂的混合物占管状钎涂材料总重量的91%。母材选用Q235碳钢,钎涂后的尺寸为57mm×25.5mm×6mm。对实施例4的产品进行磨粒磨损实验,磨粒磨损试验在MLG-130A型干式橡胶轮磨粒磨损试验机上进行。试验载荷为20N,磨料为120号棕刚玉砂,橡胶轮转速为100r/min,砂流量为100g/min,磨损时间为15min,涂层的磨损用失重量表示,测试结果为28mg。采用同种比例的BCuSiAlTi粉末、Si3N4粉等制备的传统悬浮浆料状钎涂材料在同种钎涂工艺及磨粒磨损试验中的测试结果为39mg,结果表明本发明制备的管状钎涂材料的耐磨性明显高于传统悬浮浆料状钎涂材料。The outer layer 3 of the brazing alloy is a BCuSiAlTi (according to mass fraction percentage, Cu92.75-Si3-Al2-Ti2.25) brazing alloy strip with a thickness of 0.2mm, and the inner layer 1 of the brazing alloy is a BCuSiAlTi brazing filler metal with a thickness of 0.2mm Alloy strip, the cemented carbide particles in layer 2 in the mixture choose 20-30 mesh Si 3 N 4 powder, the brazing flux chooses QJ308, the ratio of brazing flux to cemented carbide particles is 1:10 by weight, through powder feeding (hard After the process of drawing, straightening and other processes, a tubular brazing material with a diameter of 4mm and a length of 400mm is made, wherein the brazing alloy accounts for 9% of the total weight of the tubular brazing material, Si The mixture of 3 N 4 powder and flux accounts for 91% of the total weight of the tubular brazing material. The base material is Q235 carbon steel, and the size after brazing is 57mm×25.5mm×6mm. The product of embodiment 4 is carried out abrasive wear test, and abrasive wear test is carried out on MLG-130A type dry rubber wheel abrasive wear tester. The test load is 20N, the abrasive is No. 120 brown corundum sand, the speed of the rubber wheel is 100r/min, the sand flow rate is 100g/min, and the wear time is 15min. The wear of the coating is expressed by weight loss, and the test result is 28mg. Adopt the same kind of ratio BCuSiAlTi powder, Si 3 N The test result of the traditional suspension slurry shape brazing material prepared in the same kind of brazing process and abrasive wear test is 39mg, the result shows that the tubular brazing prepared by the present invention The wear resistance of the coating material is obviously higher than that of the traditional suspension slurry brazing coating material.
实施例5Example 5
钎料合金外层3选用厚度为0.1mm的BAgCuTi(按质量分数百分比计算,Ag57-Cu38-Ti5)钎料合金带,钎料合金内层1选用厚度为0.2mm的BAgCuTi钎料合金带,硬质合金颗粒选择20~30目的Al2O3粉,钎剂选择FB102,按重量计算钎剂与硬质合金颗粒的比例为1:10,通过送粉(硬质合金颗粒和钎剂的混合物)、拉拔、校直等工序后,制成直径为4mm、长度为400mm的管状钎涂材料,其中钎料合金占管状钎涂材料总重量的9%,Al2O3粉和钎剂的混合物占管状钎涂材料总重量的91%。母材选用Q235碳钢,钎涂后的尺寸为57mm×25.5mm×6mm。对实施例5的产品进行磨粒磨损实验,磨粒磨损试验在MLG-130A型干式橡胶轮磨粒磨损试验机上进行。试验载荷为20N,磨料为120号棕刚玉砂,橡胶轮转速为100r/min,砂流量为100g/min,磨损时间为15min,涂层的磨损用失重量表示,测试结果为33mg。采用同种比例的BAgCuTi粉末、Al2O3粉等制备的传统悬浮浆料状钎涂材料在同种钎涂工艺及磨粒磨损试验中的测试结果为45mg,结果表明本发明制备的管状钎涂材料的耐磨性明显高于传统悬浮浆料状钎涂材料。The BAgCuTi (according to mass fraction percentage calculation, Ag57-Cu38-Ti5) brazing alloy strip that the brazing filler metal outer layer 3 selects thickness for use is 0.1mm, and the brazing filler metal inner layer 1 selects thickness and is the BAgCuTi brazing filler metal strip of 0.2mm, hard Select 20-30 mesh Al 2 O 3 powder for hard alloy particles, choose FB102 for brazing flux, and the ratio of brazing flux to cemented carbide particles is 1:10 by weight. After processes such as drawing, straightening, etc., a tubular brazing material with a diameter of 4mm and a length of 400mm is made, wherein the brazing alloy accounts for 9% of the total weight of the tubular brazing material, and the mixture of Al 2 O 3 powder and flux It accounts for 91% of the total weight of the tubular brazing material. The base material is Q235 carbon steel, and the size after brazing is 57mm×25.5mm×6mm. The product of embodiment 5 is carried out abrasive wear test, abrasive wear test is carried out on MLG-130A type dry rubber wheel abrasive wear tester. The test load is 20N, the abrasive is No. 120 brown corundum sand, the speed of the rubber wheel is 100r/min, the sand flow rate is 100g/min, and the wear time is 15min. The wear of the coating is expressed by weight loss, and the test result is 33mg. Adopt the same kind of proportion of BAgCuTi powder, Al 2 O The test result of the traditional suspension slurry shape brazing material prepared in the same kind of brazing process and abrasive wear test is 45mg, the result shows that the tubular brazing prepared by the present invention The wear resistance of the coating material is obviously higher than that of the traditional suspension slurry brazing coating material.
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